PTE Reading: Reorder Paragraph | SUPER METHOD!

hello everybody my name is J I'm one of the expert teachers at e to language comm all right in this one we're going to look at reading reorder paragraph method 2.0 just for your interests if you're watching this on YouTube you only get half of these new methods lessons all of them are on the platform at e2 language comm okay let's get started so this is what you're going to see on test day on the left-hand side you're going to see some sentences they're all jumbled up you need to put them into the correct sequence on the right hand side pretty straightforward right well like all of these tasks you can look at it and think that's pretty easy but if you want to maximize your scores you really need to understand what's going on behind the scenes here and with language there's always a lot going on behind the scenes cool all right let's just go through the facts of this task so on test day you're going to get two or three of these there's no integrated scoring it just contributes points to your reading score but as we'll find out because we're going to look deeply at what a paragraph is and if you do watch this lesson it's going to improve your writing score dramatically especially for write essay because I'm going to show you how to construct paragraphs how sentences link to one another how you get that flow and sequential logic etc and once you understand that you'll be able to nail this task but then when you go to write your essay you're gonna think oh well that was really helpful so even though this contributes points just to reading keep watching just with regard to time management remember in the reading section you need to manage your own time the individual tasks are not individually timed you have overall time so if this particular task we recommend that you spend between one and three minutes max really you should be able to do these in about one minute to 90 seconds okay and by the end of this you probably can let's start by talking about scoring scoring is pretty straightforward with this one let's say you have five sentences most of the paragraphs you'll see on test day will have five sentences and you get all of the five sentences in the correct sequence so therefore you get 100% easy peasy let's look at this scenario let's say you get the first and second sentence in the wrong sequence but you get three four and five correct this will be marked as 50% let me tell you why okay so you're not actually counting the sentences you're counting the sentences that have the correct sequencing here so three connects to four here however one does not connect to three so that won't count four connects to five for example and there's four possible connections therefore you got two out of four and so you got 50% let's look at the next scoring scenario let's say you do five and two well that's wrong two and one doesn't connect one and three doesn't connect but three and four do connect and even though you got all of the first sentences in the wrong order but you got the final two you'll still get 25% so that's how the scoring works but what's really critical here and as we'll learn as we go on through this lesson is that it's important that you get the first sentence right because once you get that first sentence right that independent sentence all of the other ones sort of hang off that okay we'll learn how to do that in a minute okay let's look at the method but what we're doing really is we're looking at the theory of what is a paragraph and how do you construct a good paragraph what makes up a good coherent paragraph that's the secret behind this task so let's talk about a thing called paragraph coherence and what I mean by co-develop what I mean by coherence is that the sentences lead into one another okay there's a nice flow from beginning to end and we're going to focus on key nouns pronouns link keywords and we're gonna look at some different paragraph structures that you might see on test day let's start by looking at key nouns so check this paragraph out and look at the repetition of key nouns so here we go the first sentence says gold a precious metal is prized for two important characteristics first of all gold has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion therefore it is suitable for jewelry coins and ornamental purposes another important characteristic of gold is its usefulness to industry in science for many years it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications such as photography and dentistry so this is just one part of what makes up a good paragraph is the repetition of key nouns now keep in mind that they may not be just in the in the in the same form each time okay so the word gold is it only has one form there's not an adjective form or a verb form or a gerund form or anything like that it's just gold gold gold but let's say you had another word like beautiful for example let's say that it's not a key name but let's say that's a key word but then let's say beauty is the key noun okay but then you might see the form of beautiful or beautifully for example beautifully so they're different it could change word form as well so keep that in mind okay now oftentimes it won't just be keen on key now and key now and what it will be will be keen on key noun synonym key now and synonym or something like that and a synonym means a similar word or word that has the same meaning okay same or very similar meaning let's have a look at this one here here's a little activity I'm going to give you 10 seconds I want you to identify the key noun in sentence 1 and I want you to identify the synonym of that key noun in sentence 2 here we go see how you go you okay so what do we have here we have key now in here would be surroundings right and then if you look here we can see environment is the synonym the word that means something very similar so the surroundings in which we carry out our daily lives are important to us we are continually aware of our environment we could say surroundings again but this time we've chosen to use a synonym so two things to keep in mind so far one the repetition of nouns throughout the paragraph that's helpful now the noun that might take a single form or it might take multiple forms okay but still have the exact same meaning or it might use synonyms cool stick with me let's keep going by the end of this you'll understand it all okay next one is pronouns so we're still talking about paragraphs how we create a well-constructed or coherent paragraph in that case we need to discuss pronouns so let's have a look here is a sentence or a couple of sentences the first one has no pronouns and it sounds weird second sentence or sentences have pronouns and it sounds natural normal it's well written let's have a look at this first sentence with no pronouns so the boss says sorry the boss said that the boss was in a hurry the boss was late for picking the boss's wife up at the airport but the boss did not know where the airport was that's weird we don't do that in English we don't just repeat now and repeat now and repeat now and often or all the time we use pronouns to replace those nouns the boss said that he was in a hurry he was late for picking up his wife at the airport but he did not know where it was it referring to the airport he referring to the boss there you go that's how we use pronouns let's now look at that in a paragraph so we're back to this paragraph about gold and we know that gold is a precious metal gold has a lustrous beauty it is suitable for jewelry another important characteristic of gold is its usefulness for many years it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications so keep this in mind when you're looking at those jumbled up sentences because you're gonna have key nouns but then you're going to have pronouns that refer back to those key nouns and it might be a pronoun like it or it's or they or theirs or them or his or hers or whatever it is lots of different little pronouns that reference those key nouns okay this is another way that we can understand the coherence or structure or sequence of a paragraph and that is looking at linking words so let's look back at the gold paragraph and we can see gold or precious metal blah blah blah first of all Gold has a lustrous Beauty blah blah blah therefore it is suitable for blah blah blah this one doesn't really have a connecting word this one has a such as to introduce an example so there are a few examples there what you don't want to do on test a is just use linking words to reorder the paragraph okay you need to think more critically and more deeply about the meaning of the paragraph the linking words are there to sort of help you like for example if you see one that says first or firstly you know that that's gonna be little bee bee bee come at the top of the paragraph whereas one that says finally will come down at the bottom of the paragraph but still you've got other sentences to deal with you don't know if there's one that comes before the first and after the finally who knows okay use it just to guide you a little bit you need to keep all of this information or understand this all if you're going to do well okay now we're going to go a little bit deeper and we're going to look at some different paragraph structures because there are different ways that you can structure a paragraph okay let's take a look so first of all if you want to sequence a paragraph logically if you want logical sequencing you can structure or sequence your according to time or chronology you can structure or sequence a paragraph according to order of importance that is most important information at the top and least important information at the bottom and you can also create contrasting paragraphs that is there'll be a major contrast like half a paragraph will be about one thing and the other half will be about another thing or there might just sort of go one thing other thing one thing other thing one thing other thing like that let's take a look at the chronological one or the time one okay so you can structure a paragraph through by time from most recent information to the oldest information or all this information to most recent information here's an example many of the ethnic groups that live in the Hawaiian Islands today arrived at different times in history most of them came to work as laborers on the sugar and pineapple plantations the first group arrived in the 1850s when the Chinese came they were followed by the Japanese in the 1880s and then the Koreans and Filipinos in the 1900s the immigration process continues today but now many workers arrived from Mexico and Central America so you can see how the time sequences the dates the years then the today for example have been used in this paragraph to show a sequence of time from earliest to most recent cool let's practice this but before you do that if you're watching this on YouTube and you're not yet a subscriber to our wonderful PT academic YouTube channel then you should click that subscribe button the reason being is that we do we release really good videos and you'll be notified about that and we'll show up in your news feed and your life will just generally become much much better okay let's do a practice one I'm going to give you 90 seconds this paragraph is out of sequence the correct sequence will be in a time sequence so keep that in mind also keep in mind the a petition of key nouns the use of pronouns and the use of linking words everything that we've just discussed keep this in mind for the next 90 seconds as you reorder this see how you go you all right let's take a look at the answer here it was a chronological paragraph order so the first sentence yes astronomers claimed that a star begins as a cloud of hydrogen and helium as the cloud we've got a couple of repeated nouns here and this could be a pronoun as they move about but the author has chosen to repeat that noun so keep that in mind as the cloud moves about it collects bits of dust and more floating gases then the cloud begins to warm as more dust so we've got dust and dust more dust and gases are pulled into it and we know that this is the that follows on here because we have more dust after a long period of time so here we go as a sequencing time sequencing reference after a long period of time as the cloud becomes denser okay because it everything's being pulled into it pulled into a denser heat and friction caused the atoms to explode that is how star is born so it begins here then something happens after a long period of time and then the final outcome is that is how a star is born how did you go with that one did you get it right hopefully you did and hopefully those little hints that we've been talking about are starting to sort of make sense to you hopefully you're now looking at paragraphs and going ah yeah okay repetition of nouns use of pronouns I see where the linking words work it's still pretty pretty difficult because you do need to have the vocabulary there in the grammar to understand the sentences ultimately but this can help okay let's look at the second way to logically sequence a paragraph and that is by order of importance so we have a little hierarchy here this little upside-down pyramid no this little pyramid here we go so this particular paragraph is structured from most important information to least important let's have a read it says it is important to plan your trips carefully and before we look at the way that this is structured I do I just want to point out a pronoun here look at this this paragraph actually begins with the pronoun it isn't that weird it doesn't actually begin with a noun because sometimes in English we say isn't it a lovely day isn't what a lovely day yet anyway this one's a good example it is important to plan your trips carefully just keep that in mind sometimes the topic sentence the first sentence the independent sentence can actually start with a pronoun weird all right anyway back to the order of importance it is important to plan your trips carefully for example when you go on a trip you need to think about how much money - a lot for things like transportation food and hotels in particular hotels and transportation on trips can be expensive if you don't book them with plenty of time in advance next most important thing not the most the next most important thing another thing to plan for is how much time you want to spend sight singing and doing different sorts of activities even though you may want to do everything you have to remember that there are only so many hours in the day in some planning your trip carefully will allow you to have a more relaxed trip cool so this paragraph here talked about the most important thing about money and planning and saving money and then it talked about spending time on sightseeing so though it had two features there let's do another practice and we're going to practice the next paragraph will be constructed as an order of importance okay you have 90 seconds to solve this one you okie-dokie how did you go let's take a look at this okay they're actually sort of I won't say two ways to structure this there was there are two ways to structure this but there's a better way in a slightly not so good way okay this is the correct sequence here and again it's by order of importance so a house is by far the most expensive item anyone will ever buy worryingly the median house price in Australia is now well above $700,000 a car is probably the next most expensive object on the list most cars luckily a far less expensive than houses still these two things alone will cost you next to a million dollars cool yeah there was another way that you could structure it by putting the house and then a car is probably next then the two examples but it's better to have the example after these sort of topic sentence they're cool how did you go hopefully you've got that and hopefully you could see the inherent structure of the paragraph relating to importance okay the final paragraph structure type is by contrast so contrast is by ordering ideas by comparison we're comparing two things here okay let's read this paragraph alcoholism is a disease that the non alcoholic has a hard time understanding and the two lifestyles are quite different the non alcoholic has a lifestyle that involves family and friends he enjoys going to family functions and interacting with his loved ones in contrast the alcoholic tries to avoid family functions unless alcohol is offered so we're comparing alcoholics versus non alcoholics here and it's sort of as I mentioned at the start you can have two halves of the paragraph first half will be dedicated to one topic second half will be dedicated to another topic or you can sort of chop and change with each sentence let's do some more practice okay this is a contrast type paragraph you have 90 seconds to solve this one you you okay let's look at the answer here so 1c there is a key characteristic which distinguishes plants from animals green plants are able to manufacture their own food from substances in the environment this process is known as photosynthesis here's the contrast in contrast animals get their food either directly from plants or indirectly by eating animals which have eaten plants therefore the difference between plants and animals is quite significant cool hopefully you got that one right okay we've talked about overall paragraph structures and the features of well-written paragraphs which you'll see on test day and which you're going to be tested on but within paragraphs of course or what paragraphs are made of our sentences it's also important that you understand sentence construction or the features of sentences themselves this will also help you to solve these paragraphs and also keep this stuff in mind when you're writing your essay as I said at the beginning sentences and paragraphs are in effect your essay okay so let's read these two sentences and we're going to see how sentences join together what makes a good flow from sentence to sentence what makes a good logical or yeah again a sort of coherent sentence structure so gold has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion therefore it is suitable for jewelry coins and ornamental purposes why do these two sentences flow so nicely into each other and why are they sort of connected like a nice handshake that's because of sentence structure okay this is a little bit overly simplified but I think it will apply to actually most reorder paragraphs that you'll see on test day they're all going to have or not all most are going to have sentence types that are subject-verb-object okay and how information travels is let me show you okay so information can travel for example from the object of the sentence to the subject of the following sentence it can travel from the subject of the first sentence to the subject of the second sentence that might be again a repetition of a noun the uses of a synonym a pronoun something like that you can also do object to object again key now and repetition pronouns etc it might be subject to what have I done are subject to this object here and even verb to verb might work as well or even verb to object anyway this is starting to get quite messy but what we're seeing is the transfer of an idea in the first sentence appearing as an idea in the second sentence either as the subject verb or the object as a noun or pronoun or a synonym there you go that's how that works there so just when you're reading just start to pay attention when you're reading paragraphs just sort of have a think metacognitive reflect upon your experience and think oh yeah okay so the subject then this one is gold whatever and that sort of connects across to the pronoun it or it can't corrode the synonym non tarnished whatever it is you can start to see how good writers actually connect these things across okay we've looked at paragraphs we've looked at sentences now let's just look even deeper within a sentence itself because what is a sentence made of it's made of vocabulary and grammar so let's look at grammar here oh by the way if you're struggling with Breman you should check this out this is called grammar review it's on a website that we've just created called e to school comm it's a brand new website it's a hundred percent free well this course is a hundred percent free to anyone can sign up I'm one of the teachers there so if you do want to improve your grammar right from the sort of easy beginning stuff right up to the complex stuff check this website out there X teachers fun activities it's a really effective way to improve your grammar check out e to school comm okay so when we're looking at grammar within the sentence we can see something like a plural noun for example let's just say it's about zebras whatever some sort of noun becomes the zebras so it might start off by saying zebras are like black and white horses the Zebras of West Africa blah blah blah so it starts with zebras and then the zebras so we can see some sort of indication here that this would be sentence one and this would be sentenced to because of the use of the definite article though and we can also see here that ah it can become the so we might say something like a zebra named Peter can become the zebra named Peter in the second sentence there okay so ah can become the so sentence one might use the indefinite article duh sentence two might use the definite article the cool so there's a little bit of grammar let's look a little bit further here let's look at the use of pronouns what are they called demonstrative pronouns right so again we might start with zebras the zebras these zippers or those zebras that can happen like that these are all plural or we might have a zebra the zebra this zebra or that zebra so keep that in mind that might be one two three again this is not how you solve Ryota paragraphs this is a hint what you need to do in order to solve them is to put all of this information we've been talking about together so you fully understand the paragraph and you understand all of the hints and then you can get hard that one goes first that one goes next etc like that okay so we've looked at the background theory of paragraphs themselves we've looked at sentences we've looked at grammar now let's just look at the method for how to solve reorder paragraph keeping all of that in mind and this is how it works okay so what you need to do is find the independent sentence first that is you're going to look at five sentences one of these sentences is going to stand alone it's not going to refer back to any of the other sentences in and of itself that one independent sentence will make meaning if you looked at it and you had these five sentences cut up into pieces you could pick up the independent sentence read it and it would make sense if he picked up sentence three it wouldn't really make sense because it needed sentence two and sentenced to needed sentence one to make sense right so find that independent topic sentence once you've done that you need to use your understanding of everything we've talked about from key now and repetition and the use of synonyms how nouns turn into pronouns the use of linking words and how subject-verb-object transfers information between the subject and the object and the verb and the object of whatever it is and also how grammar works there's little grammatical hints and again you don't want to just use one of these hints you want to combine them all then you'll have a thorough understanding of how the paragraph structures work you can put them back together and feel pretty confident that you got it right okay now I get to do my advertisement so please keep watching here we go if you are struggling on your PT e if you've failed the PT before or if you haven't taken the PT before and you're a bit concerned you're a bit worried maybe your English isn't very good maybe it is but you just want to make sure you do it right because the test is expensive and it kind of sucks when you don't get the scores you don't want yeah that makes sense all right sign up for free at eetu language comm it's really good we've got lots of live classes tutorials smart questions speaking of writing feedback all of the methods lessons are on the platform there you can sign up for free so check that out just go to WWE two language comm thanks very much watching I hope that was helpful and I hope you passed your test soon as possible see ya [Music]

Channel: E2 PTE Academic

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Id: B9BHVg2JEPo

Length: 33min 27sec (2007 seconds)

Published: Wed Feb 05 2020