Hello creators, my name is Ann and in this
video, I’m gonna show you how to make a realistic waistband with an internal elastic tape. This
method will work with any type of fabrics. Here you can see how it looks in nylon, rayon jersey,
double knit jersey, and leather. No matter how thick the fabric, it'll look pretty realistic.
So let’s see how we can do this! I’ll start with these simple patterns of
shorts. I have a front, back, and waistband. If you want to repeat my actions and practice on
these shorts - you can download this project file. I left a link in the description. I’ll try to mention every tool and
button that I press during this tutorial, but if I miss something you can
see all the pressed buttons here. I highly recommend you to use shortcuts,
because it speeds up the work significantly. I’ve already sewn the pattern edges and arranged
them around the avatar. This waistband has the same length as the top edges on shorts. If I
turn on the simulation - space bar - you can see that the waistband is too big, so we need to
add an elastic. There is a tool which is called elastic and it's located in the property editor.
If you select the line with Z - Edit Pattern Tool, you’ll see an elastic option in the property
editor. You can add it to internal or outlines to make an elastic effect. But I
don’t recommend you to add it to this pattern. It’s a way better to add a
physical elastic, as a pattern. Let’s focus on it and ignore this pattern for now. I will use it later as a top part of
the waistband. Move it away and delete the sewing lines with B - Edit Sewing Tool,
select it, and press CTRL+J to deactivate it. Now we need to define the width and the
length for elastic and draft a pattern. The width will be the same
as on the top part - 5 cm. The length you can get in a few ways. You can
calculate it if you know the dimensions of the avatar. Or you can draw a circumference line
on the avatar and measure it. This line will indicate where the waistband should be located
and will give us the possibility to attach elastic to this line to prevent the waistband from
sliding up and down. So I’ll draw it for sure.
Select the basic circumference tool in a
3d window. And now I need to left-click 3 times to have a full line. I usually make
the first click here on a dashed line, the second click on the opposite dashed line.
You can hold the shift key to have a second click on the same height as the first one, and
the third one I’d like to have on a center back. The measure will pop up. It is 68cm. If you
don’t see it - select the Edit Measure Tool, select the line - and it’s here.
We have the length and width, let’s make a pattern for elastic. Press S - Rectangle Tool, and
left-click in a 2d window, set the height to 5 cm and the width to 68 divided by 2 - 34cm. We
need only half because we will unfold it to have symmetric editing. Press Ok. Then select the
side edge, right-click - Unfold symmetric editing. We have the elastic, now let’s place it on the
avatar. Press Shift+F to show arrangement points. Select elastic and locate it on a front center
point. I want to have a seam on the center back. Shift+F again to hide these points. Then sew it
to the shorts. Press N - Segment Sewing Tool, select the left part of the elastic, so the notch
will be on the left, then press and hold SHIFT and select back then front top edges on the shorts.
Make sure that notches are on the same side. As we have symmetric editing we need to sew
only one half of the elastic to the shorts. Symmetric sewing lines will
be added automatically. Sew a center back seam as well and simulate. Looks good but the elastic is too stretchy.
It’s not so visible at the moment, because the Particle Distance of this pattern
is 20, which is big. Reduce it from 20 to 5 and you will see that. Select elastic,
go to property editor, and reduce it here. Now you can see that it scratches on the bottom
edge. We need to pick a stiffer fabric. I usually choose Trim Hardware for that. Yeah, it sounds
like it isn’t made for elastics, but who cares, it is 3D, not real manufacturing. I’ll add a new
material in the object browser, select it and go to the very end of the property editor - physical
properties. Change the preset to Trim Hardware. If you click on details you will
see all the physical properties. High values of stretching
prevent it from stretching, high bending makes it stiffer. Let’s
apply this fabric. Drag and drop it. And here you can see the difference. You can notice a gap between elastic
and the body. To remove it you need to change the skin offset of the avatar.
The avatars by default have a 3 mm offset which means the distance between the
avatar and clothes. Select the avatar and you can see the offset value in the
property editor. Change it to 0. Here we go. Then I want to stick my elastic to the line that
I drew before. Select Attach Measure Tool here Click on the one half of the
top edge, then on the line, then on the other half, and on the line again. Now it sticks to this line and
doesn’t move which is great. However small bumps appeared
on the sides. You can pull the fabric down to flatten them. Don’t worry about it so much,
when we sew the top and inner part to elastic it will flatten automatically. If you don’t
like it anyways you can change the physical properties of elastic and increase the
stretching and bending values as you like. It’s time to bring the top part back.
Select and activate it with CTRL+J. Then sew it to the elastic with a Segment
Sewing Tool. Press N and sew top to top, bottom to bottom edges. Select it in the
3d window, right-click - Superimpose over to place it over elastic according to the sewing
lines. Then Set a sublayer to avoid a collision. This tool defines which pattern should
be located on top or underneath the other so during the simulation, they
will not penetrate each other. Select this tool in the 2d pattern window. Select the top pattern, then elastic. In our case,
the top pattern will be on top of the elastic. Now let’s add internal lines to make
stitching. Select top edges on both patterns, right-click, Offset as the internal line. In this window, you can choose the location
of internal lines and their quantity. I want to have 2 lines so
I change the number here. And I want to have them at a distance of about 1.5 or even 1.6 cm. Check the reverse direction
if your lines are going in the opposite direction. Click Ok and sew these internal
lines together and Simulate. Partical Distance 10 is quite big for the to part
so you need to decrease it to see a gathering. Select it and change PD to 5 for now. Later we
will need to decrease it to 1 or 2 to get more realistic wrinkles. Also, decrease the Thickness
collision for both patterns to 1 or even 0.5. This value indicates how big the distance should be
between patterns to avoid collision between them. 2.5mm is quite big for this waistband, these
patterns should be located closer to each other. Otherwise, we see a kind of puffy effect.
So I feel pretty good with 0.5 mm. Here is the difference. Now let’s add an inner part
to cover the elastic inside. I will hide the avatar, SHIFT+A. We need to add an inner part here and I want it
to be the same as a top part. So select the top part,
copy it with CTRL+C, and paste with CTRL+V. Sew all edges to elastic accordingly.
Top to top, internals, and bottom edges. Then select it, right-click in a 3d window -
Superimpose under to locate it under elastic. An important thing is to flip the face for the
inner part. You can notice it has a black color. If you don’t - switch to the
Texture Surface mode here. This black color means that we see the
wrong side of the fabric at the moment. White is the right side, black - is wrong.
If you don’t flip it you’ll probably get problems with seams fold angles, and with
texturing. Right-click on it - flip normals. Also, Set a sublayer for this part.
Click on an elastic first, then on the inner part, and change + to -
because we flipped normals. And Simulate. Now it’s time to adjust fold angles a bit. We have 180 degrees fold angles
on all plain seams by default. You can see it in the property editor if you
select the sewing line with B, Edit Sewing Tool. It means that pieces that are sewn together
are located at 180 degrees angle to each other. You can change it as you want, but usually,
this default angle works great with pieces that are located next to each other like these ones.
Sometimes it’s better to decrease or increase it when one piece is located on top of
the other, like on the waistband. This angle also depends on the fabric that
you use, type of simulation - GPU or CPU, so it’s better to change
it depending on your needs. I want to decrease the fold angle for these
bottom edge seams, for example to 30. Here we go. Also, I want to
flatten the top seam a bit. I’ll do it only on the top edge
of the inner part 30 as well. One more thing - delete the normal map for
the top seam so it looks like a fold. In my previous video about
the neckband, I told that all of the seams that we see in a 3D window are actually small bumps
created by normal map textures. You can adjust or delete them. Select Top seams with B - Edit Sewing
Tool, go to the property editor, and set intensity and thickness of the normal
map to 0, do not delete it with this button, because it will appear again after
restarting the program. Set the values to 0. Now it’s almost finished. If you
don’t like this curved line and want to have a straight-looking elastic you
can detach it from the circumference line. Hide top and inner parts with SHIFT+Q, select
them and hide. Then select Attach To Measure tool, click on the one half of the top edge, press
DELETE, on the other - DELETE. Simulate. And bring back top and inner parts with SHIFT+Q
and the avatar with SHIFT+A. And now you can move it. If you want to have the
top edge a little bit closer to the skin you can add an elastic option to the top
edge of elastic. I mentioned this option at the beginning. Select the edge and
check Elastic in the Property editor. 100 - is an actual unstretched length. You can
make it smaller, 95 for example, it depends on the physical properties of your fabric and your needs.
In the end - decrease PD one more time. This time to 2. And that’s pretty it. I guess I
told you everything that I know about waistbands. Hope that it was useful for you. Wish you all
the best and see you in the next videos! Bye.
