Participles - Smrt Live Class with Shaun #12

alright happy Wednesday everybody Wednesday afternoon here in sunny Vancouver maybe it's Thursday where you are or some other day in the future if it's really far in the future say hello to our to our robot masters out there thanks for joining I am Sean I'm your teacher for the next hour as usual and of course we've got Lane the moderator who you've probably met in the chat and if you guys have questions throughout the class you can toss them in the chat and we'll try to answer them as best we can as often as we can ok so welcome if it's your first time I think I saw a couple names in there at least one I think Miguel think of suffering from Chile first time welcome and a couple people that are that have been here since the beginning of course yeah I get to see you guys too Salma and Aaron and whole bunch of people Rosa good ok so Paul - is there good to see it so let's get let's get started all right what are we talking about today let me show you ok well yeah not we're not talking about dogs ok we're going to start with the verb to frighten all right we're going to talk about fear for a couple of minutes here usually we talk about happy happy thoughts happy things but for now to start to kind of introduce the topic today we'll talk about the verb to frighten to be scared of something alright Mary Ann's there - nice to see it ok so the question for the chat is what frightens you ok what are you afraid of this looks like a terrifying school that this would frighten me I think so what are some things that that you're afraid of what what scares you is the question ok um it could be anything lots of people are frightened of spiders spiders are pretty frightening I guess people are frightened of speaking in public for example they're doing some kind of speech is pretty terrifying at times my personal you're not it's not terrifying I'm not terrified of this but sometimes I get a little bit frightened of the ocean open water all right dark sometimes I get a little it's a little frightening not knowing what's what's in there right if you can't see what's what's underneath the water again it's not it's not terrifying I still go into the end of the ocean right for swim but I'm a little frightened at times because I know that I'm not supposed to be in there right yes it's not a natural place for me to be so if something goes wrong it it definitely goes it goes wrong right so it's a little a little frightening all right so who's what do we have fears of Paul Paul's afraid of the ocean as well he finds the ocean a little frightening snakes for roses snakes in the ocean would be terrifying what else anything anything else in there Selma's afraid afraid of dying alone yes me too I don't know why I'm laughing that but yes I'm I'm afraid of dying oh yes good one okay so why am I asking these questions well it's it's really the the whole point is today we're going to be talking about verbs like frightened but using them in a way that we're not actually using them as verbs necessarily we're taking a verb and we're changing it slightly and we're using it a little bit differently in in the sentence okay and we're going to start off a little bit easy some basic stuff and then we'll get a little bit more complex as as we go okay some more people I see are afraid of snakes Paul's getting getting like it's really specifics and he's afraid of the middle of the ocean me too I'm a little scared of like that the side of the ocean - closed closed spaces maybe okay this is good lots of lots of fear you guys are all full of full of fear this is perfect alright so the whole point is talking about things like a frightening experience or in this case in this picture a frightened passenger now I chose the word frightened because it's it's a verb but in this case and these two examples a frightening experience and a frightened example this word is not being used as as a verb in fact they're being used as as adjectives okay so this is where we're going to start taking a verb changing the form of it and using it as an adjective okay don't be afraid don't be frightened I will I will walk you through it okay let's do it together let's hold hands and walk into the ocean so what we're talking about today is well that's that's surprising that's not supposed to be there that's fine participles okay or participles either pronunciation is fine if you want to put the stress on the first syllable or the second I think I tend to say participles okay so this is what we're going to focus on today all right and of course the question is what is a participle well that's an excellent question from from little Timmy here what is a participle let's get let's get specific okay so I kind of explained it but um let's talk about it a participle is a word formed from a verb so you take a verb and you add an ending to it or you change the form slightly to create a word that can function as an adjective okay so in the case that we just saw frightening and frightened these are participles okay because they're used as adjectives in the sentence or in a sentence okay so what we're going to look at today there are more than two but we're going to focus on two which are called the present participle and the past participle okay now the word participle itself don't don't even really worry too much about the terminology if you don't know the word you've probably seen these before you've definitely seen them used before in fact I think I just used one in the sentence I just said okay we use them a lot and you're familiar with them even if you don't know exactly the term participle so we'll we'll go over it together starting with the present participle so what is a present participle it's really just a verb with an ING ending if you take any verb put an ING on it and then use it as an adjective then it counts as a participle I mean we we also use the present participle in the present continuous tense as well but a verb plus ing you can call that a present participle for example an amazing view in this case amazing comes from the verb amaze but in this case functions as an adjective so the view is amazing it's an amazing view this is a present participle okay another one a burning house now in this case again the verb burn is used as an adjective don't worry everybody everybody's fine don't be afraid no one was hurt here so a burning house and one more an interesting book so burning interesting fascinating amazing these are all functioning as adjectives and that's why we call them the participles okay so that's the present participle what is the past participle well this one you guys probably know quite well okay this is just a verb ending an e d or in some cases it could be in an irregular verb okay so if you ever in class if you're studying what we call the third form of the verb or some of you refer to it as the PP um unfortunately maybe but past participle means the third form so if you say for example take took taken taken is the past participle okay or bibot bot bot is a past participle now we use these all the time and you guys use them all the time as well any time you want to use the passive voice you use past participles any time you want to use perfect tenses you use past participles and today we're going to be looking at them not as verbs as I said but as adjectives and beyond okay so let's talk about Oh first let's let's see some examples of course so a tired student alright so in this case tired is an adjective oh no a broken iPhone tragedy terrible this is maybe yeah this is a fear right here a broken iPhone again broken a very common participle all right and of course here a complicated problem complicated is a participle it's an adjective describing problem and especially complicated for me some of you who have been in previous classes know my my limited math math skills so this is a complement a complicated problem it looks complicated to me though okay so those are past participles but what's the difference in meaning now this is where sometimes students make mistakes sometimes students get confused about the ing ending and the edie ending when you are using them as adjectives okay but it's quite simple now sometimes students talk about feelings right how amazed is a feeling or disappointed as a feeling or how people can only use the past participle or something like that but it's it gets its way simpler than that I would say and it breaks down like this a present participles when you use the ing they are active in meaning okay so if you know your active voice and your passive voice okay oh yeah some is somebody saying that my somebody saying that my complicated problem on the board was not complicated yeah see I told you okay it was a picture sorry alright so present participles are active in meaning past participles are passive in meaning and that's the difference with past participles there may be a few exceptions but typically they are Esav okay so what do I mean by that tennis I like tennis I enjoy tennis tennis excites me usually okay so this this very simple sentence here tennis excites me tennis is the subject me is the object of the verb excite okay now usually when you're talking to your friends I mean I would not say this sentence I wouldn't say yes tennis excites me it's a little bit strange to say that so rather than saying that you take the verb excite and you change it so that it is an adjective you use it as a participle okay so we have a question coming in from Luciana limited is a participle used as an adjective to write yeah right exactly Luciana limited is a past participle used as an adjective so if you say a limited time right or limited potential in that case limited is exactly right that's a past participle good question okay good so back to tennis okay tennis excites me let's let's look at the present participle I would say this this tennis match is exciting alright again we're keeping it relatively simple and then we'll get a little bit more complicated in a few minutes so the word exciting in this case I'm using the present participle because it's active right remember tennis is exciting me so it's making me feel the excitement so I use the ing ending there okay the alternative would be I am excited to watch this tennis match now in this case it's passive in meaning because I am receiving the excitement tennis is exciting me so you're going to use the past participle okay now I know that some of you aren't as will say passionate about tennis as I am maybe I don't know I don't know how you guys feel about tennis so let's let's look at two other examples or one other example about tennis tennis bores me right now this is a really good example of a type of a verb that's actually more often used as an adjective as a participle than as a verb itself the verb to bore or to make someone bored right we don't use it as a verb very often we usually use it as an adjective participle like so this tennis match is boring which actually I think is probably true if you look at the there's nobody there no I don't know where this match is being played but there's like one three people at the very top I don't know but um this tennis match does look a little bit boring again it's active so we're using ing okay or I am too bored to watch this tennis match I'm going to do something else so again that's the difference between active and passive so just be careful of that if you mean to say to someone for example that if you have a friend and you think they are bored maybe they're not having fun and you say I think you're boring they might not like that very much they might be offended and say why why do you think I'm boring what did I what did I do to you right so understanding the difference of those two things is is quite important for the meaning of the two adjectives okay so hopefully you guys aren't bored yet alright because we've got more to talk about let's look at this actually yeah you know what to keep you guys from being bored I'm going to get you guys to do some work right away alright I'm going to see how comfortable you guys are with the participles before we get a little bit more complex okay so on the screen here I've said give two examples sentences for each word one present and one past participle so let me put up four verbs confuse fascinate frustrate satisfy all four of these verbs are very commonly used as the participles confusing confused fascinating fascinated frustrating frustrated satisfying satisfied so just so we're clear on the difference between the active and the passive meaning how about you guys take a couple minutes and put some example sentences into the chat take the word confuse give me one sentence with confusing and one sentence with confused and then we'll put it up we'll talk about it okay and then we'll get a little bit more complicated and maybe a little bit more confusing perhaps all right so get some get to work here I'm going to pop off the screen I'm going to put the happy music that you guys loved so much all right and put in some example sentences and then we'll talk about it as one big happy internet family okay get to work I'm going to pop off member all right everybody good stuff lots of good answers coming in on the chat so how about this let me actually go out of here let me open up something else and I will I'll put some answers up here on that on the screen for everybody to see I'll put your answers up here fullscreen actually what what thought away it was good okay so the first one was what confuse as so have you said you were confused by the exercise which is a really good example which makes me think I don't believe you that you were confused by the example or by the exercise rather okay so this one coming in from Lara I think thanks for that this exercise made me confused so that's good that's that passive the passive past participle as the adjective perfect I've got one coming in from Rosa whereas Rosa's here put roses up for the present participle my teacher handout is confusing this is really good rose I will say for a couple things here just make sure your you got the capital at the beginning and the only thing missing here I would say is a apostrophe s there okay so my teacher's handout is confusing all right this is good perfect what else about somebody said they were confused about somebody's confused about politics me too I guess yeah that's coming from Valerie yeah I'm confused about politics and religion yeah that's a good sentence good what was the next one the next one was maybe was fascinating all right let's say this one I'm going to put one up here by Luciana I'm fascinated by smirking fish yeah good example yeah good what else do we have here for ing for the present somebody here is I'm fascinated hello I put this one this is another one with thee the past participle I'm fascinated that girl let's good just make sure you get the buy in there okay so you are fascinated by something good and for fascinating ah again I think this one's coming in from Luciana as well but it makes me it makes me satisfied it's satisfying so I'm going to put it up there this class is fascinating well good I'm glad you're you think so I hope you you think the class is satisfying as well as fascinating and not too frustrating or confusing alright what about what about that what was satisfying or satisfy or did I maybe I skipped frustrated let's do frustrated first this one's this one's a good example of the present participle coming in from Kyle maybe my brother faced a frustrating situation minutes later la sounds like a interesting story that's good thank you for that and how about this one so I'm coming in again this one's from Valerie I feel frustrated about my job well that's unfortunate a good example but I hope you're not too frustrated with your job or hope I hope that's just an example sentence all right what about satisfy one coming in from Paul hey good one this music is very satisfying I thought I hope you're talking about my my happy work music yeah I find it very satisfying to to listen to that music very very good and how about Marianna can't two can't forget that one there this is a good example my teacher was not satisfied of my last essay my essay was not satisfied now sorry to laugh about your essay I'm sure it was fine but that would that was good um the one thing I would change there Maryann is the preposition I know the prepositions are kind of tough but when you use the word satisfy I think it would be more common say with my teacher was not satisfied with my last essay good that's really good okay guys so it seems like you got a you have a pretty good handle on the the past and the present participle and the difference between passive and active use and that was a good kind of an introduction because I want to get a little bit more advanced a little bit more complicated with it okay and so I'm going to go back into my presentation here and we're going to take things up a notch all right let me go down to where we we left off and we're going to kind of continue on something that we were doing last week it's a continuation of last week getting a little bit more complicated perhaps than last week and this is talking about going going beyond just using participles as adjectives this is looking at something called reduced adjective clauses alright also sometimes called participle clauses sometimes called adjective phrases sometimes called participial phrases as well there's lots of different words for it but really what we're looking at is a way that native English speakers reduce the amount of words in a sentence to sound a little bit more natural okay so what am I talking about here with present participles for example if you look at this sentence this sentence we saw last week the girl who is wearing red lives on my street all right now last week we were talking about defining and non defining clauses I don't know Selma is frustrated because Shawn didn't pick any of her answers sorry sorry Selma I know that's not very satisfying if Shawn misses those so yeah I'll try to I'll try to satisfy that that need a little bit later okay um okay so the girl who is wearing the red who's wearing red lives on my street last week we said that this who is wearing red is what we call a defining adjective clause right we're using that information to define which girl we're talking about now the the the thing that we kind of don't really tell students early on in kind of the lower levels and teachers usually kind of tell them later on is that I think English students use the words like who is and which is and that is more than a native English speaker because often times me or or any other native speaker will reduce that clause down and maybe save ourselves some time and set a little bit more natural so what I'm talking about here is in this clause the words who and is those two words together you can remove those they're unnecessary they're fine the way they are but it's also perfectly fine to take those out of the sentence and just leave this like so the girl wearing red lives on my street now what we've done here now I'm using the present participle to make a participle clause or a reduced adjective clause still to identify which girl I'm talking about but we do this a lot in English in speech and in writing we get rid of that who or the witch or the that and we kind of condense things down a little bit and it's a really good way of making some of your your speech or your writing seem a little bit more natural and I mean in this class I'm always telling you guys to to show your range right to to show the different ways of saying things so this is just one way of saying the same thing so let me show you another exam again this example we looked at last week the man who sat next to me was very friendly in this case just like we talked about last week who sat next to me is an adjective clause it's a defining adjective clause and in this case again we don't have to say the the who we don't need that who there if we want to we can remove the who okay okay question coming in from Rosa reducing writing only or even through even speaking yeah good question Rosa I would say we do this all the time in both speech and and in writing okay so for example let's look at this this sentence Rosa that's a good question so the man who sat next to me was very friendly this sentence is fine but a slightly more natural way to say it I think would be to take who out of there and rather than that past tense verb you change it to the present participle because it's again it's active the man sat this is an active voice okay so this becomes the man sitting next to me was very friendly now again you're using that present participle to create a reduced adjective clause and this is very common in speech and in writing right if you're talking about a flight or a class right did you see the guy sitting next to me on the bus for example we do it all the time I saw a man riding a horse not I saw a man who was riding a horse yeah so hopefully that answers your question remember this is good okay so how is that different oh actually but one thing you have to be careful of with the with the reduced adjective clauses is that you want to avoid making a mistake okay so let's look at one more example students who want to take the new business class can register online okay in this case again you've got that adjective clause there alright and let's reduce it let's let's make it a little bit smaller so you take who out now this is it works like this in this sentence this clause who want to take is modifying the word student okay and if you look closely you'll notice that who and student are the same are the same thing and in this clause who is the subject of that clause okay so the subject of the clause has to be the same for you to be able to reduce it okay who want to take the new business class well students do alright so you can take who away change want to wanting and it becomes students wanting to take the new business class can register online all right but you can't do this if in the sentence the subjects are different okay now look at this sentence I love the shoes that you are wearing in this clause that you are wearing you is the subject not that okay so it's describing shoes but the subject of that clause is different all right the subject is not the same shoes and you so you cannot say I love the shoes wearing right it doesn't work so the subjects have to be have to be the same or you cannot reduce the clause itself okay so let's look at let me get through that let's look at the past participle okay past participles are a little bit easy because it's really just removing words you don't have to really change anything other than just taking two words out the coffee which is made in Brazil is stronger than the coffee here so again in this case you've got that adjective clause and you take the words which and is you can take those out and it just shortens down to the coffee made in Brazil is stronger than the coffee here no I don't I don't think I'm talking about the coffee we don't really well depends on what I mean by make I guess we don't we definitely don't grow coffee here I guess we make coffee here cups of it anyway but in this case made in Brazil is a reduced adjective clause okay so Paul said I love the shoes you are wearing and that's good Paul that's that's an example of taking the word that away because honestly the word that you can kind of remove from from a lot of sentences if I say I think that you are nice I think you are nice the word that is not always as necessary as sometimes we think it is it's a good call on that Paul good okay let's look at one more example of the reduced adjective clause with the past participle Batman versus Superman alright look at the Coase add Batman is in this posture I guess I would be sad too if I if I had to fight Superman I guess but in this case here's the sentence Batman vs Superman is a film that was directed by Zack Snyder alright so again here you've got that was directed by Zack Snyder there's your adjective clause and all you have to do is take that and was away shorten it down and it becomes Batman vs Superman is a film directed by Zack Snyder okay and let's get fancy let's let's add more to this sentence okay I could say something like this Batman versus Superman is a film starring Ben Affleck and directed by Zack Snyder so again I'm using two participle clauses one present participle one past participle to add information to this to this sentence and again we can go even further and modify film and say Batman vs Superman is a disappointing film starring Ben Affleck and directed by starter all right good um you know what honestly I haven't seen the movie so I don't know if it's disappointing it's getting bad reviews though okay so if I'm wrong if I'm not disappointing if if it's a fascinating exciting movie that I should say um yeah let me know we have another question coming in all right Valerie has a question says could be I love the shoes which you are wearing yes yeah and that's a good question too Valerie and oftentimes in in the defining relative clauses you can take the word that or which then you can interchange them yeah so in that past sentence you could definitely say the shoes which you are wearing again I think honestly Paul's sentence of just taking that away if you're using it in conversation and just saying I love the shoes you are wearing I think it's the most natural use of that of that adjective clause okay good question alright so Batman vs Superman forget about that um let me get that out of here and kind of just to show you to try to give you an example of how often we use the participle clauses when I was putting this lesson together at the very end when I was going through it all I noticed that at the bit at the very beginning of the lesson I put this sentence up there and I said a participle is a word formed from a verb now maybe you noticed I'm not sure but in this sentence I'm using a participle clauses our deuced adjective clause formed from a verb means which is form so a participle is a word which is or that is formed from a verb but naturally I chose to do that not because the other one is wrong but just because it feels a little bit more natural to do it that way okay so these participle clauses are everywhere these reduced clauses and I would like you guys I think right now to get your get your hands dirty to get in there and do some work for me okay um so I will ask friendly moderator Lane to share the the link to today's exercise I'm going to open it up on my screen so you guys can see it and you guys are going to get creative for me now and if you just want to look at the screen that's perfectly fine too I'm going to make it bigger here so everybody can see okay and I've got put seven sentences here but maybe I'll do the first one for you and then let you guys get creative so I've written real short simple sentences and what I would like you guys to do is is try to add a defining adjective clause using a participle okay it can be present or past is entirely up to you you kind of have to decide based on the sentence okay now a says the man is a little creepy alright so you can you can do whatever you want but I want you to modify or define whatever word is in orange okay so for example let me go down here and I would say the man keep it real simple sitting in the corner is a little creepy yeah the man sitting in the corner is a little creepy but you can say whatever you want here you can say the man teaching my class right now is a little creepy hopefully not but you could say that if you wanted to what what I'd like you guys to do is use your use your creativity show me your range show me what you can do and right participle clauses or reduced adjective clauses in each of these sentences put them in the chat and then we'll put them up here and we'll talk about we'll talk about them okay so get to work I'm going to scroll up actually no this is good all of them are on the page that's perfect I'm going to pop out here and you guys can get to work if you have questions yeah just pop them in the ah one question is from Valerie saying what's creepy yeah creepy is kind of a little bit scary I'm not not super scary but maybe just enough to to make the little hairs on your neck stand up or give you a little goosebumps or something Valerie it's like maybe you think spiders are creepy for example you see a spider and you think oh I don't like that that's that's what creepy hands so hopefully hopefully you don't find me creepy let's take that one out and say the man sitting across the room is a little creepy alright hopefully that answers your question if you guys have more questions put them in the chat I'm going to pop out of here so you guys don't have to listen to me all all day okay so get to work all right lots of stuff coming in good job everybody thanks for giving me your answers Wow yeah lots of stuff here to look through let's look at let's look at B now remember what we were looking for is using the ing of the present participle or the e d past form of the verbs to create adjective clauses okay so the painting was never found I would say now what do we have here of course that's okay that's I have to find Selma's right and I think a lot of people had the same answers Selma here for 4b this is a good one you guys said the painting stolen from the Louvre oh yeah you got got fancy there Louvre Museum was never found so you're using that past participle of steal for stolen maybe the painting which was stolen really good I'm just going to switch your your R and E there okay and that's really good I think a lot of people said the painting luciana you said the same thing or very similar the painting stolen from the museum was very was never found that's good okay now I notice some people said things like with beautiful colors or the scary painting and that kind of stuff this is really good detail but just keep in mind that it's not using the participles that we're focusing on today okay but that's that's good detail it's good okay so what about see the food was quite delicious well let's get let's get more specific what kind of food uh-huh ok so there's something from from Douglas let me put Douglass's answer up here thanks for the answer Douglas the food cooked by my wife was delicious all right lucky you right this is perfect this adjective clause is reduced the food which was cooked by my wife was delicious I'm just going to put period at the end there that's great sell most of the food cooked in the hotel good ballet the food cooked by my mother so I'm just going to take Douglas his wife out of there put Valerie's mother in there and it's the same as great food cooked by my mother was quite delicious these are all really good really good participles here ok what about D D ah ha ha this is a good one coming in from new Siena so students need to improve their reading comprehension well what kind of students is the question let's get more specific and it becomes students applying for IELTS need to improve the reading comprehension that's really good and I agree in this case you've got a present participle you've got that that active idea of the students are applying and that's an excellent reduced adjective clause thank you for that and again I see some other good stuff here like students from elementary school or something like that these are good phrases or yarra you said students from foreign countries yeah how about ok let me yeah let me take yours up here I'm going to put it up here this is good so students from foreign countries need to improve their reading comprehension how about instead of from foreign countries but put some kind of participle there how about students coming from foreign countries need to improve their reading comprehension so if you think about maybe this is something that a Canadian university might say right students coming from other countries need to improve their reading comprehension and now you've got a beautiful participle clause their reduced adjective clause this is good okay let's look at a couple more I work in an office somebody says their office is like a fishbowl yeah too bad um do we have here okay this is some good stuff here um I think a bunch of people said something similar to this one put this up here and again guys if you have questions as I'm putting this up here put your questions in the chat and I'll try to answer them if you are confused right let me know so I work in an office located in Brazil this is really good you could say anything located located is the word that I would have thought of as well I think an office located downtown or located wherever okay this is really good again meaning which is located good and how about what do we have for F anyone any other new names there okay I would now this one I'm going to put Miguel I'm going to put yours up here okay the band you talked to me about is one of the most influential of its generation now this is definitely an adjective adjective clause and is really good obviously you've removed the word that right the band which or the band that you talked to me about it's really good but let's try to come up with one that has that participle and like ing or or or a past form so how about maybe I'll do one here I would say the band performing tonight the band performing tonight is one of the most influential of its generation okay I don't know who that would be I don't know who that would be of a band performing tonight but performing tonight there's your participle clause in the band which is performing tonight good stuff and how about one more because there's one other thing I want to do with you guys before our time is up alright I see Paul sets up like playing right like a band playing tonight is good G hmm okay this one's coming in from Aaron here it is people insulting president were interviewed by the by the police that's good I would just put the article in there right people insulting the president were interviewed by police good and oh this is a good one - who did this one alright I'm not sure where this one came from I'm going to put it up here whoever put this one in thank you very much there we go so people seem near the crime scene were interviewed by police you've got that past participle therefore seen really good excellent you guys are pros alright so this is good how about one more thing before you guys run away we're not done yet because of course we can't go away without looking at a mistake alright so let me go all the way down here in my presentation and we might go a couple minutes past four but that's okay go all the way down here I'm going to see if I can confuse you a little bit because of course it's time once again for the mistake of the week alright the mistake of the week let's put it up here I'm just going to put it up here real quick and I'm going to see if you guys can can come up with it all right so the question is can you spot the mistake onion sentence up here and I want to see who can find me the mistake the fastest who's the fastest proofreader on the Internet okay this one's kind of a long sentence and let's see let's see what you can do it's not directly related to what we're talking about today but there well there is a connection there okay but I'll give you that's the only hint I'm going to give you here's the sentence all right take a quick 10 to 20 seconds read that sentence and find me the mistake I'm going to put the happy music back on alright and I'll be back in about 20 seconds go for it member all right this is good all right so you guys were real quick a lot of people seem to think that it should be one of the most surprising ideas suggested and if you changed more to most that would be okay to do that but honestly we do say from time to time and in common usage one of the more surprising ideas so that's actually not the mistake I think Paul may have been the first to find it I see a lot of people came after though Miguel has it yeah Mary Ann has it what we got yara good so a lot a lot of people came up with it now yeah obviously the mistake in this case is kind of a review of what we did a couple weeks ago which is subject-verb agreement right now in this case where should be was now the reason that I threw this your way is that this is quite a long sentence and sometimes when you're dealing with a long sentence with lots of different components to the sentence it's easy to miss what the subject is and what the verb is okay so let's really quickly break this down the subject of this sentence is one so one is singular were is obviously not singular right that's kind of the the plural form of the verb like or sorry that like saying I you were right or they were but for the singular yeah that's right the singular you say was then you guys found that so the confusing part may be for some of you or for some people is that you've got a phrase here right of the more surprising ideas but that's not the subject the subject is still one now what I put in there intentionally is this whole thing here suggested as a way to encourage more people to take public transportation in this case I wanted to see if I could trick anybody with the word suggested if you would have thought that that was the main verb which of course is not the main verb it is a reduced adjective clause with a past participle right meaning in this case one of the more surprising ideas which was suggested as a way to encourage more people to take public transportation right was to increase the price of gas so you got to change that word to us and when you're reading long sentences keep an eye out for these participles and for these reduced adjective clauses because sometimes they can trick students and students may think that they're looking at a verb either present continuous verb or a past tense verb when they're actually looking at an adjective clause okay so um yeah that's right some of people are asking me about the more surprising yeah I think that's in common usage to say more surprising is is fine but again if you said most that's that's okay too but I hope you guys are are satisfied with today's lesson because unfortunately it's time for us to say goodbye it's time for us all all to to go home or go to bed or or do whatever else you do after class okay so thanks for coming I am going to stick around in the chat here I'm going to get rid of that there I'm gonna stick around in the chat for a couple more minutes after class if anybody has questions about anything in class or if anybody did some of the homework sentences from last week if you want to put them in the chat I'll check it out and give you some feedback for the next five minutes or so and if not then thanks for watching thanks for coming and we'll see you here I believe the same time next week okay and again if any of that changes then we'll let you know but thanks for coming keep practicing your English keep using these participles use them make mistakes and learn from them and we'll see you next time okay guys and of course check us out on the Facebook page learn English on Facebook I keep watching marks class check out the other videos on YouTube tell your friends tell your family tell everybody let's see here we'll see here next time okay bye bye you

Channel: Smrt English

Views: 48,043

Rating: 4.9183674 out of 5

Keywords: English, English Lesson, Live English, English Class, Writing Skills, Writing Lesson, Participles

Id: ptloQ6ZLMKQ

Length: 64min 38sec (3878 seconds)

Published: Wed Apr 13 2016