How to Use the Conditional in English - Perfect English Grammar

hi everybody welcome back to our weekly live stream my name is Alisha and today we are going to talk about conditionals in English today's topic is first second and third conditional statements so I hope that this is going to be a good lesson for intermediate learners in particular as you join please don't forget to like and share the video so that other people can find today's lesson send a comment in the chat too so that we can say hello to you I see the YouTube chat is up fantastic hi everybody on YouTube thank you very much for joining us it's awesome to have you Facebook I will go over to you now I'm gonna be checking Facebook comments on my phone again this week I am broadcasting from my house so I'll find you in just a second a couple of announcements while we wait as always this week there is this banner here at the bottom of the screen the team has put together a 52 page workbook and access to free access to our beginner level course so we know that many people are spending a lot of time at home these days so we put together a course that you can access for free there is one month left of this option so if you have not checked it out yet please take a look you can find this from the link below the video if you're watching on YouTube or above the video if you are watching on Facebook please have a look at that if you have not already also other point as always a reminder if you have questions about something different from today's topic or if you have questions about something just totally just random any like vocabulary grammar culture questions and so on anything like that please send it to this series I see in your comments many of you say like where do I send this so don't try to like message me on Instagram or like put it in a youtube comment or Facebook comment cuz I can't check everything so please send this to the official quest submission page the series is called ask Alicia on the English class 101 YouTube channel and the official submission page is English class 101 calm slash ask - Alicia if you do a quick search of our YouTube channel you can find the link in the description for YouTube so please send me your questions there I will guarantee to see your question that way so please do that okay so as I said if you are just joining today's lesson today we are going to talk about 1st 2nd and 3rd conditionals first second and third conditional statements in today's lesson I'm going to focus on making statements I'm not going to focus so much on questions I'm going to talk about how we make these conditionals I'm going to talk about when to use them and I'm going to show a lot of example sentences so I hope that you get lots of practice with these grammar points for today let's take a quick look at our lesson flow for today our lesson boards for today look like this so if you want to take a screenshot of today's lesson you will see this a few times so I'm going to talk about the first conditional first then second conditional and then third conditional so this will be today's lesson flow okay so with that let's get started all right Facebook hey Facebook I see you I just I just loaded Facebook up now fantastic I will say hi to you on Facebook hi there Mary Chris 10 Suraj hello thanks everybody for joining us okay let's get to Part 1 the first conditional let us discuss the earth´s conditional let me get my marker here okay first conditional then let's start so what is the first conditional first I want to look at how we make this conditional there are two parts to all of the conditional sentences I'm going to talk about today I'm going to speak a little bit more slowly to for this part of the lesson so there are two parts to all of the condition statements for today there is what's called the if clause this is the part of the sentence that has the word if yeah so the if Clause finishes with this comma this is called the if clause then there's this part here the main clause this part is the part that's after that's like outside the if clause so we're going to talk about if clauses and main clauses today kind of this part 1 and part 2 of these sentences you can change the order of these you can use the if clause first or the main clause first depending on what you want to focus on in your sentence so let's look at the first conditional what does this look like to make the first conditional we use if plus our subject so like if you were if I or if he and so on and then we use a simple present tense verb so simple present verb means we use a simple present tense verb or a simple present tense verb phrase in this part right here in the main clause for the first conditional we have a subject this does not have to match this subject does not always match this subject and then to make a basic like just just start for today's lesson to make a basic statement we use will or won't so remember won't is will not plus the infinitive form of a verb again the infinitive form is just the dictionary form so there's no change to this verb just the basic form the kind you find in the dictionary so what do we use the first conditional for mmm this is in blue here we use the first conditional to talk about a possible future situation so there's something that has a chance of happening we use the first conditional to describe that and it's something that has a pretty good chance of happening as well so let's look at some examples of this and let's break down what's happening in each these example sentences first if I have time this weekend I will go to the park so this is a very basic one in this sentence here's my if clause if I have time this weekend so that's this part of the sentence it has if in the sentence we know it's the if clause then this part I will go to the park that's the main clause it has this will part so my verb in the if clause is half this is a simple present tense verb in my main Clause I use will and infinitive verb go so if I have time this weekend I will go to the park so at native speed this sounds like if I have time this weekend I'll go to the park if I have time this weekend I'll go to the park so this I will gets reduced like we shortened this we make it shorter so now I will but aisle aisle five time this weekend I'll go to the bar so again this expresses a possible future situation so this sentence is expressing there's a chance of time this weekend and in that case this will be my action if I have time this weekend I'll go to the party okay hey Monday one of our YouTube members welcome if I have it maybe if I have a chance instead of if I get a chance usually we say if I have a chance that's the verb we use there okay let's go to the next one if she arrives early we'll get coffee if she arrives early we'll get coffee so in this case my sentence is she or sorry my subject is she if she arrives so arrives is the simple present form of the verb arrived we have s here because the subject is matching this subject she arrives so we need to add this S here if she arrives early , so here's my if qua we'll get coffee we'll get coffee so here I've reduced we will two wheel hmm if she arrives early we'll get coffee so get it sounds like we will go together and buy it okay let's look at some negative ones then and then I'll show you how you can level this up because this is the most basic form of conditional so let's look at a negative one this one if he doesn't come to the meeting we won't discuss our new idea again if he doesn't come to the meeting we won't discuss our new idea so here this follows the same pattern as I introduced up here the difference is just that it's negative if he doesn't come does not if he does not come to the meeting here's my if clause if he doesn't come to the meeting we won't discuss our new idea we won't discuss our new idea so we are not going to do something if this is the case so this is helpful as well hmm so you can use this to talk about you know various plans for the near future especially okay let at the final part of this board and then I'll come to your questions so if you have questions start typing them now okay next one you'll notice a change in this one if you can't finish your dessert I'll finish it or you if you can't finish your dessert I'll finish it for you this might be a good example set it does for many of you so if you can't finish your dessert means if you cannot eat all of your dessert I will finish it I will eat the remaining parts of your dessert for you so in other words I want to eat your dessert that's kind of like a funny way of saying this so if you can't finish your dessert I'll finish it for you here again we have this negative if you cannot if you cannot finish your dessert mm-hmm I will finish it for you so in the first conditional we can use these can and can't expressions in this clause the the if clause and in the main clause so I want to look at this level up point here at the bottom so to level up this if conditional the first this is a first conditional this will would be different depending on the conditional to level this up you can use can and can't or should and shouldn't or command instead of will or won't so remember will or won't I said this is like a basic to make a very basic main Clause you can use these expressions in your main Clause to for example if I finish work on time I can join you for dinner I can join you for dinner so what's the difference here like for example if I finish work on time I will join you for dinner versus I can join you for dinner like mmm the difference is can expresses possibility if I finish work on time it's possible to join you for dinner will is like 100% I'm going to join you for dinner that's the difference here can expresses possibility will expresses like yes I'm going to do that thing that's the difference here okay some of your questions now on YouTube I will go to youtube first David arugula says how do we use if is not an article how do we use if in the middle of sentences so when you see if mmm this when you see this like in the middle of a sentence it's because these two clauses have been swapped so swapped means they changed the so for example I will go to the park if I have time this weekend so you can reverse the order here or like I'll finish your dessert for you if you can't finish it so when you switch the order the if appears in the middle of the sentence okay some of your exam I don't see questions on Facebook but I see all of you saying hello hello Dennis English Journal says if I get enough money this month I will have my kitchen redecorated very nice learn electrician says if he comes we won't go to the market yes grammatically correct grammatically correct yes whoo-hoo as if you can't finish your dessert I am glad to finish it for you yeah or I would be happy to finish it for you it sounds natural okay Arkadia says if we don't do anything the environment will be devastated very soon very nice very nice good job Byron Byron has a great question do we need to put a comma hmm so if if if you have the if clause first okay so for me I hope I put a comma and if this gets a little bit more a little bit more advanced but like if a clause that starts with if is a conditional like a conditional and some people feel you should always put a comma after like an introductory like clause which is this I feel it sounds most natural to put a comma here but you may find people who do not so for me I would say yes it sounds natural that feels like the best rhythm is to put a comma here because we're introducing something and without this part of the sentence this part of the sentence doesn't make much sense this part of the sentence can't be by itself it needs this part of the sentence so putting a comma here is important if however you use the main clause first an if clause second you don't need to use a comma for example I will go to the park if I have time this weekend no comma so if your if clause is first put the comma after the if clause that's my that would be my answer okay I think I answered some of the questions that are in the chat now okay what's a comma a comma a comma is this thing right here it's this thing I can't type in the chat Oh actually I can't I can't escape in this chat here all in the YouTube chat I'll put a comma that's what a comb is sort of comma is it marks pauses kind of it speech okay I need to go to the next part Elizabeth on Facebook you need a bigger board yes I know usually I have a bigger board but I am broadcasting from home again because of you know the world situation so okay let's take a quick break and then we'll go to the next part ah real quick question Miguel on Facebook says hi Alicia can I use could sometimes I'm going to talk about that in this case no with first conditional the answer is no but other conditionals yes all right break quick break if you missed it there is a 52 page workbook a PDF workbook that you can download to practice your English from the link below the video if you are watching on youtube or above the video if you are watching on Facebook you can also get access to a free beginner level course you just need an account on our website it is free you need your name and email address only so put that in if you put in your name and email address you can get a free account I think there's today's grammar right so please check that out if you are looking for some other study materials it's good again it's a beginner level of course so I hope that that is helpful alright if you're just joining today's lesson is about first second and third conditional statements first second third conditional statements if you're just joining please make sure to like and share the video so that other people can find today's lesson that would be super awesome okay I will show you again today's lesson boards so that you can see what's going on I just talked about first conditional this guy now I'm going to talk about second conditional what is the second conditional when do we use how do we make it and today last I'm going to talk about third condition okay so let's continue on to part deux Thursday okay part two second conditional on we go okay second conditional look at this this looks very familiar right I've made these boards look very similar to each other so second conditional first let's look at how we make second conditional this is very slippery today okay second condition of we make second conditional in like we make all conditionals in very similar ways but we have to be careful of our verb tenses when we make a second conditional sentence we have same pattern here if plus our subject I'll slow down again if plus our subject and then simple past verb simple password so remember when we talked about the first conditional we use a simple present tense verb yeah here we're going to use simple past tense simple past tense verb important point then in our main Clause again we have our subject but instead of will or won't we use would or wouldn't plus our infinitive verb so at this point and this point to begin to begin these two points our keys for the second conditional so when do we use second conditional why should we care we use second conditional to talk about a future situation with a low chance of happening a very low chance of happening that means very low possibility so this is used when we kind of just want to imagine something but when we don't really think it's going to happen so let's look at some examples of this hey chat chat moderator can you look at that if I won the lottery I would buy a boat if I won the lottery I would buy about what's the lottery lottery is a game you can play you buy a ticket in most cases or something and if your ticket the numbers on your ticket match the contest numbers you win a lot of money so if I won the lottery I would buy a boat this one is the simple past form of the verb win so if I won the lottery I would buy a boat you cannot use will here will it's incorrect if I won the lottery I will buy a boat that is incorrect and that's a mistake I see lots and lots of learners make please use wood here we cannot use will or won't okay let's continue to the next example of sentence but please don't flood the chat please if you want if you have a question yeah thanks chat moderator ok if I had a problem at work I would speak to my manager if I had a problem at work I would speak to my manager so had is the past form of the verb have followed by I would speak to my manager so again we're saying there's a low chance I will have a problem at work but if I did if I had a problem at work this would be my action so we use would instead of will because we use would and wouldn't to talk about unreal situations yeah so we cannot again we cannot use will speak in this case it has to be would speak because it's an unreal condition an unreal situation ok can we use the progressive form of a verb in a conditional can you give me an example because yes yeah give you example let's go to the next one if she lost her job she would find a new one if she lost her job she would find a new one so again low chance situation losing her job then she would find a new one so this would be the action in this very low chance situation okay some of your examples are coming in now if I Monday boo says if I were you I wouldn't turn down the offer but if I won the lottery I would I would so many of you are using will here it's incorrect to use will in the second conditional please use would I would come visit you dis conditionally use if well when we're making a condition generally yeah so for today's lesson we're gonna look at using if if I had money I would be happier says yeah seen good example okay Nestor says which conditional is the most common it's hard to say because we have different uses for these different conditionals so that it's not like one is the most common it kind of depends I would say personally I probably use first conditional more second conditional is used to give advice which is the next topic so maybe a little bit more off more than our second second would be second conditional okay on Facebook some examples if she had finished her homework we would have watched the TV if she if she finished homework we would watch TV mmm I'm not sure what that's trying to say if we if she had finished that might be better for the third conditional which we're going to talk about later I can't see okay I'm gonna go on to the next one because time is going quick I mentioned this just now used to give advice this is one of the most common ways that the second conditional is used for advice if I were you and yes I will answer the if I were if I was questioned in a moment if I were you ill if I were you or if I was you native speakers use both right it's frustrating how do you know the correct answer is were and yes that means many natives speak make mistakes with this when you're using this pattern when you're using this if I were you when you're talking about this unreal situation clearly I am NOT you right it's not a real situation in that case use worth work if you want to talk about like a past possible situation for example when you talk to your neighbor and you had a party the night before and you see your neighbor you're like oh my gosh if I was noisy last night I apologize so that means there was a possibility of something in the past in that case use was in this case use work please use work I know many native speakers you if I was you technically incorrect is it a big deal No if you forget are you in trouble no but if you remember okay so please use work please work okay that's the answer to that let's oh and again I would exercise three times a week this is the big point I want to review I really want you to remember please do not use will in your main class here same thing here I've used a negative if I were you I wouldn't so would not eat so much junk food are you I would not eat so much junk food so we're suggesting something not to do these are advice expressions already to level up the basic form so I introduced would and wouldn't here at the beginning of this yeah to level this up you can use could or couldn't to express possibility instead of would or wouldn't so that means here instead of using would or wouldn't you can use could or couldn't hear again this changes the nuance from something you 100% want to do to something that is just Cybil for example if I won the lottery I could buy a boat so what's the difference i could buy a boat I would buy boat I could buy a boat just means it's possible in that situation it would be it's possible to buy a boat if I said I would buy a boat it's like definitely 100% that would be my plan this is the difference okay I'll stop there oh my gosh I'm taking so much time today I have to finish very very quickly all right I see lots of your examples if you were here I would be delighted very nice if I were you I would study hard on the YouTube chat good Xavier on Facebook says if I was young I could like to learn English quickly in that case no communication problem to be super correct if I were young or like if I were younger baby I could learn English quickly that were a point if I won the lottery I would buy a big houses tram very nice very nice okay if I were you I wouldn't go there good if I were you I would play sports useth maybe who says on Facebook I would play sports mmm okay let's go to the last part quickly if you have missed it today I'm talking about conditionals we're gonna talk about the third conditional now everybody's favorite we're gonna talk about the last part if you have not please make sure to like and share this lesson so other learners can find today's topic that would be super cool let's go on to the last part because I am running out of time as always bah bahs swathi on Facebook can it would be be used as it would be yes absolutely I'm going to talk a little bit about reductions in this part too okay on to part three third conditional if plus subject is very familiar here right so we have the same pattern again if subject but here we have a past perfect verb expression past perfect so like that means we're gonna use have plus the past participle form of a verb so if you don't know what past perfect is you can check a couple lessons I have a lesson on the YouTube channel actually I'll put a link in if you're watching on Facebook please check the youtube description I will put a link to a past perfect lesson so you can understand this point so if + subject + past perfect verb goes here then in your main class subject plus would or wouldn't + have + past participle so this is really past perfect this is really past perfect but just so you can see so past participle is a verb form that we need to study and memorize so when do we use the third conditional third conditional alright a past situation did not happen but we want to imagine the results we want to imagine the outcome so this is kind of this we have to think a little bit about these so let's look at several examples now first if I had missed my bus this morning I would have been late for work so what is happening here if I had missed my bus this morning I'd have been late for work that's what it sounds like at native speed if I had missed my bus this morning this means I did not miss my bus I was okay but if I had in that case I would have been late for work so this sentence shows the outcome of this unreal situation so outcome means the result if I had missed my bus this morning I would have been late for work but I was not so it was okay but we want to express that potential outcome for some reason let's look at another example if he hadn't so hadn't means had not if he hadn't called me I wouldn't have known about the project updates this means he did he called me but if he hadn't I would not have known about the project updates hmm next one if you hadn't helped me steady I probably would have failed the test if you hadn't helped me steady I probably would have failed the test at native speak this means you did help me study but if you didn't if you hadn't helped me study I probably would have failed so I used probably here because it levels up like the potential of the situation mm-hmm if I had studied more I would have gotten better grades very nice yes actually that's a that's a very similar one to my example sentence here your questions learn with attrition can you give me an example of the root of the progressive in it can do have an example sentence that we can talk about let's see if I had watched your channel before I would have been perfect at English great Hassan says can I use second conditional instead of third conditional it depends on what you want to say so a key with root like choosing is is the idea here with 2nd Cano sorry fits first second conditional with second conditional we use it in blue here to talk about a future situation with a low chance of happening and we use it to give advice third conditional though we use to talk about a past situation that did not happen so you can't replace the two of them ok onward how do we level up the third conditional in this one you can use could have or couldn't have to express possibility instead of would have or wouldn't have for example if my flight had arrived on time I could have joined you for dinner so could have reduces to could've I could have joined you for dinner a native speaker would say this sentence my flight had arrived on time I could have joined you for dinner so this could have reduces to coulda coulda then someone said earlier if I studied harder this I think it was Hassan had a question about this if I had studied harder this I'd if I studied harder I could have passed or I could have passed the test so we can use could and couldn't in the main clause a big takeaway for today is that you need to make sure you use those could and would and will and won't in your main Clause not in the if clause all right wow that was a lot I will show all of the lesson boards now so if you would like to take a screenshot please get ready I will show you everything we talked about in today's lesson first second and third conditional for today and how we make them I'll put a couple of reference links in the in the YouTube description if you're watching on Facebook and you want to get a couple I'll take it away now if you if you're watching on Facebook and you want to get a couple of reference links after the live stream ends I'll add a couple links to the description like for about past perfect or if you want to review these points a little bit more please give me a few minutes after the livestream ends I will add that there I have to finish oh my gosh that was a lot of information I'm super late so I will say that's all okay that's all and I will introduce next week's lesson topic the next lesson will be this time next week June third can you believe it is already June oh my gosh 10 p.m. eastern standard time that is Wednesday I am going to talk about simple past tense versus present perfect because you asked me about this all the time and it's a good topic to review when should I use simple past when should I use present perfect what is the difference we will cover this next week so please join me if you have time next week please join me for next week's live lesson about this topic I have to finish there cuz I'm very late today so thank you very much to everyone for joining again this week we really really appreciate it thank you for liking and sharing the video that was awesome thank you for your great questions and your great comments - that is awesome please make sure to check out the free course and get the free ebook from the link below the video on youtube or above the video on Facebook and again if you want to check references for today's video some other video like homework I guess or get links like to submit your your questions for asked Alicia please check this video on youtube in just a few minutes I will put some links there so enjoy the rest of your week have a nice week and a nice weekend and I will see you again next time

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Id: HRjDXjTdzeU

Length: 36min 29sec (2189 seconds)

Published: Wed May 27 2020