Hitler's First Attempt to Take Over The Government | The Beer Hall Putsch | A History Teacher Reacts

[Music] [Music] hey youtube welcome back to another history teacher reacts video mr terry as i continue my search for historical knowledge found here on the internet all right today's video is the beer hall pooch in 1923 and this is by a channel favorite simple history all right this is a topic that i was interested in because i was just talking about this in my class or at least just kind of mentioning it as an important event to the history of the nazi party and adolf hitler as they made their approach to basically start a revolution and taking down the weimar republic however i don't know a ton about it so kind of more for selfish reasons i wanted to check this video and i'm glad that you're joining me as well to do this so we can learn about this together so the original video link is down below make sure that you support simple history give a sub like view all that stuff you'll definitely like a lot of their content they tell just really really cool stories all right links to some other stuff in the description as well but let's go ahead and get started the beard hall puts november 8 1923 interwar period in germany was one of extreme political and economic instability and by 1923 the country was in a state of turmoil the weimar republic germany's first attempt at a true democracy was seen as weak and had already seen the election of several different chancellors and nine government cabinets the rural valley the center of industrial production was under occupation by the french who were attempting to ensure payment of first world war reparations and sure now again we're talking 1920s here a lot of people think about the depression right great depression um that starts you know later in like 1929 then into the early 30s and a lot of people don't understand that if you want to call it a great depression germany started many years before that i mean virtually when world war ii was over ruin the economy the reparations um imposed by the treaty of versailles were devastating to the german economy and then you had again this with the fall of the the german empire and that government and the birth of this weimar republic which is a democracy criticized for not being able to really fix problems there's unemployment rates hyperinflation and you may not know that but you know people say that this this economic conditions are what kind of sowed the seeds for more extremist ideologies like the one the nazis are going to develop here in germany across the whole of germany political uprisings on both the left and the right were taking place the whole german nation was outraged at the treaty of versailles that was imposed on them as a dictat a dictated peace right and it had and it was it absolutely was the treaty of versailles went into world war one forced upon germany because germany was losing the war and the allies did not you know skimp on basically trying to destroy germany as they put way more probably emphasis on the cause of the war than they should have right there's a lot of causes of world war one um but something the germans had no choice in signing so if you're thinking man why do the germans agree to all this stuff well they had no choice and government's acceptance of the terms of the treaty of versailles reinforced the stab in the back myth and made many germans hostile to the new weimar republic hyperinflation was running rampant the german people lost confidence in their own currency and money printed in bigger and bigger amounts became worthless the german mark which in january had been already a dismal 17 000 to the dollar had by december by the way they show i don't they're gonna get to it but um there's these famous pictures you can find of what looks like people in germany burning these big blocks these bundles of cash right and that was true and and they say that was the reason was that is that it the money had become completely worthless i mean in germany to the fact that it was more financially like profitable to like burn money than other types of fuel source to heat your home so yeah they would throw that in there um what an amazing thing to show it's such i like to use that image when talking about hyperinflation as a perfect example of how worthless money can actually be ready a dismal 17 000 to the dollar had by december plummeted to 4.2 billion to the dollar geez a loaf of bread virtually just as much as 200 billion marks which is just i mean it literally means nothing like it it means it's nothing 200 billion marks like people don't have that you know much money like that would physically be it's like you can't i mean i guess you could make bigger bank notes but it virtually means the money is worthless you have to find other ways to do it quite a good harvest that year farmers were refusing to sell their produce because of the risk of price drops adding food shortages to the list of problems facing the german people people resorted 200 billion using products such as coal or sausages as currency the inflationary crisis yeah that's what it means like money became so worthless so you had to go back to commodities right old school bartering like in ancient times where you didn't have like currencies because i didn't mean anything right currencies like like paper money or coinage are only worth what your society deems because it has no actual functional use but something like coal or meat is way more useful it actually has intrinsic value because you use it for something physically trafficked for most germans had economic social political and psychological effects the virtual collapse of the economy in 1923 helped to foster the perfect breeding ground for various extremist political movements including the nazi party adolf hitler as well as several other nationalist politicians believed that the time was right to start an open revolution against the weimar regime taking inspiration from mussolini's march on rome the previous year and napoleon's march from elba to paris in 1815 hitler planned to force the hand of several of bavaria's leading politicians yeah i always like to to talk about in in my classes the influence that mussolini's actions and the rise of his group in italy had on um on a nato hillary cause he felt that their their struggles were similar and with the the black shirts as they were called mussolini's group a lot of them were former soldiers that were still very nationalistic and hitler felt that his you know he had a similar backing with that and so it's like his version of it because they they they took was a 30 000 or something of the black shirts mussolini took to take over the government and basically pushed him out forced the king to basically put mussolini into power and yeah hitler thinks it's an identical thing but well we'll see coerce them to join with him and then march on berlin the men who hitler planned to coerce collectively known as the bavarian triumvirate were general commissar state commissioner gustav von karr general otto von lasao commander of the vike sphere german army in bavaria and colonel hans rita von saysa the head of the bavarian state police all three men already had nationalist sympathies and were not afraid to ignore direct commands from the central government planning for what would become known as the beer hall push or the munich butch did not get off to a good start the date of the march was originally set for the 10th through the 11th of november but on the seventh hitler discovered that carr would be giving a speech in munich's burger brow keller beer hall and that lasaw and saisa would also be in attendance unable to pass up the opportunity of capturing all three men in one location the plans were moved up to the very next day the 8th of november his basic plan went as follows hitler and his men including several high-ranking nazis such as hermann goering were to surround the ruger brockella interrupt the proceedings and gain assurances of allegiance from car lasao and saisa so it's like they're obviously going into this willing to force these officials into compliance right with a sign of force but is that what they're doing are they hoping for them to like like to convince them like truly convince them that they should join the cause of of the nazis or or what or is it like a hostage situation that's what's kind of going through my mind right now when this was done a signal would be sent to ernst's room who was waiting in a second beer hall with more men upon receiving all the beer from room all of his men would then capture several strategic buildings around munich for hitler things did not run smoothly never do right the evening started well enough for the nazis around 8 30 p.m hitler along with his accomplices and bodyguards burst into the beer hall in the midst of carr's speech you don't interrupt the man's beer i don't care what it's for hitler jumped on a table yeah fired a couple of shots into the air and proclaimed to the crowd of stunned onlookers the national revolution has begun using a mixture of exaggerations and outright lies hitler explained that the building was surrounded by 600 men that there was a machine gun in the lobby and the local police and army barracks were already occupied and that both the state and national government had already fallen were then led into a side room at gunpoint where hitler explained to them his intentions he also told them that he had four bullets in his gun one for each of them and the fourth for himself if they fail to come to an agreement go initially i didn't know that if they failed to come to an agreement that they would all die hitler's trying to say hey this is gonna work or i'm even gonna end myself jeez chile refused to join with hitler saying he could shoot him if he wanted in the meantime the crowd in the beer hall began to get rowdy hitler was not a particularly well-known or popular figure at the time and of course they're rowdy they've all been drinking as well they're angry they're hostage they're drunk i don't know if they're drunk but you know what i mean did not take him or his band of nazis seriously with the four men at an impasse hitler returned to the main room fired a shot into the air to silence the crowd and took to the podium what followed was described by one eyewitness as an oratorical masterpiece i've heard this hitler in the course of just a few sentences was able to completely change the mood of the crowd from one of derision to one of arden's support he did so by appealing to their sense of nationalism and encouraging within them the spirit of revolution that was it seemed like the thing with these early speeches was you know part of it is going to be him attacking these people right and insulting them and maybe appealing to incompetence and things like that that these people had but then would also try to get a unifying message so it wasn't just him throwing out frustrations and you know selfish like that it's like you break it down and then you build build the people up right and you know talking about unity and that no germany is great no i'm not just some hater like you know of of germany like that's not it at all i'm a patriotic and that sort of thing and that you know we have brought people over it'd be intimidating but then also inspiring and a lot of people bought into that again you got to talk you got to think context here's the early 20s things are not going where very well for germany and this message was received well by many in the meantime max irwin von schabner richter a leading nazi and one of the key strategists behind the evening's events had left the beer hall to collect general eric ludendorff ludendorff was one of germany's preeminent wartime leaders from the period of the first world war after the war he became involved in ultra-nationalist volkisch politics the nazis hoped that his involvement would help to legitimize their position and hitler planned on making him the commander of the armed forces after gaining power okay so what went wrong after ludendorff's arrival carr lasao and saisa gave their grudging but public consent to the scheme it was at this point that hitler made a critical i hope they all held hands like this i really do mistake deciding to leave the beer hall to seed to matters elsewhere in the city and placing it in the command of ludendorff when hitler returned a short time later he found that all three members of the triumvirate had taken the opportunity to abandon the cause and leave the beer hall all three then renounced their declarations of support of course these this is not surprising at all the they do they truly expect these guys to convert in a way willingly when they're virtually having a gun to the head and enforcing this like they're not actually being convinced right they were maybe pledging this allegiance early because they probably feared for their lives right and then when that pressure is gone then you see what they're really you know really about without the help of the triumvirate hitler knew his planned national revolution was destined to fail but nevertheless he and ludendorff put together a plan to march into the center of munich and take over the city one of them along with the rest of the nazi revolutionaries set off with around 2 000 men they made it through the first police blockade unscathed but not the second a shot rang out and there was a quick but intense firefight lasting roughly half a minute by the way i i definitely think that you know after after mussolini's armed storming right and revolution the go of the government that that definitely put the german police here on high alert knowing that you know that they could be vulnerable to this sort of thing too um so i think they were probably what the the german military or police are way more prepared than they probably were over in italy who at the time was linking arms with hitler was shot in the lungs and died instantly dislocating hitler's shoulder as he fell to the ground after this the revolution fell into immediate disarray hitler crawled away at the first opportunities and gouring was shot in the leg ludendorff attempted to embolden the men by continuing to march towards the army but they didn't follow he was peacefully arrested as soon as he crossed the line yeah he just bet he's walking you know thinking they're all on his back eventually gets to the line it's like let's get him boys he turns around oh uh i'm the only one i surrender by the time the guns fell quiet 14 nazis and four state policemen had lost their lives wait what's the numbers felt quiet 14 nazis and four state policemen had lost their lives in the immediate aftermath of the push several of the surviving nazis including the wounded goering escaped over the border into austria hitler instead sought refuge in the house of a friend just outside munich his batteries are crying my revolution failed they hit me it didn't take long for the police to track him down and he was arrested two days later yeah this should have been the downfall of adolf hitler yeah yeah this should be a party but it should be this guy throw throw in prison lock away the key obviously a threat he's a traitor this should be the end right that should be the end a little tiny spot on history for adolf hitler you'd think right resulting trial proved to be a blessing in disguise hitler and his co-defendants were clearly guilty of treason and should have faced lengthy jail terms right in addition to his crimes hitler was not a german citizen meaning that he was eligible for deportation instead because he's austrian he's austrian judges gave him the opportunity to showcase his views to the german public oh no at the end of the platformer's one of the judges was heard to remark what a tremendous chap this hitler the chief judge george knight was a nationalist sympathizer who allowed the court proceedings to be part open and part closed and even more surprisingly let the defense decide what would become public knowledge this had the effect of allowing hitler to craft his public image and by the end of the trial he was a national celebrity hitler impressed the german public by his eloquence and the fervor of his nationalism the trial happened in february 1924 just before the elections and helped the nazis to become the third largest group in bavaria at the culmination of the trial hitler was sentenced to the minimum possible sentence that was just five years in the fortress prison of landsberg so this this must be oh you would have to assume just based on this information that the success i guess of his his statement in court is what led to him getting such a slap on the wrist uh punishment they did an armed revolution against the government and the police and stuff like that okay nearly 20 people died an armed insurrection and his his speech was so good that they gave him the minimum possible sentence again that's so weird it doesn't add up because i like we were talking about like him going to prison and for this and like in my classes and stuff and so many people were like why he got out he got out he wasn't in jail very long for that like how is that possible and i guess if we really put in this idea that he just he he won so many people over in court that's why the punishment was so soft and if that's true it's just attests further to the man's speaking ability of which he would serve only nine months nine months eighteen people died fomented a revolution against the government nine months sounding draconian in reality the cells of the fortress prison were comfortable and well furnished and inmates were allowed to receive daily visitors you have heard that hitler used his period being able to write a book to further consolidate his thoughts and to write mein kampf he would later describe this period of confinement as free education at the state's expense he emerged from landsberg a reinvigorated man with a newfound sense of purpose perhaps the most enduring legacy of the beer hall push was that it taught hitler that the way to win power in germany was by following legal means rather than violent revolution and talking one of his cronies alfred rosenberg claimed that november 9 1923 gave birth to january 30th 1933 the day that hitler was made chancellor of germany you can see that hitler himself commented in 1933 that the events of the 9th of november 1923 with its blood sacrifice proved the most effective propaganda for national socialism i can see that that makes sense subscribe and click the notification bell for more history videos you got a treaty of versailles video man this channel's so good all right let's talk about it all right so this video helped me piece together a little bit about this connection between this event and it catapulting him and into stardom um because there was a lot of missing connections for me there about how this failure ended up working in his favor and how he was able to again avoid a more harsh punishment and things like that if if again we're kind of oversimplifying this this down to him being a good speaker and able to convince people to just kind of soften the blow um of what he he tried to do right and so that was that was useful for me to be able to i think communicate that message there i don't know but what do you guys think i'm still like dumbfounded for the fact that he went basically unpunished you saw like his prison sentence if you want to call it was just him being almost like a house arrest well furnished he's able to sit there and just like do whatever he apparently wants there he's writing his book and of course by using those nine months to really think and fester um and then again emerges as a hero instead of some kind of like crazy terrorist you know what i mean and i think that that says a lot to the german public at this time that through this stuff that it it had that a positive effect rather than being the opposite a guy doing an armed insurrection and going to jail on this ends up becoming famous and supported and then continually supported through the 20s and then you saw in the in um when he actually comes into political power in the early 30s this 10-year period about between the beer hall putsch and and his actual um getting into political power 10 years later but amazing that that that could happen and just as more testament to what the state of germany was like that he could use this to cement his position and his this growing platform so anyways this is very informative to me tell me what you thought um go down into the uh the video comments and you can talk about this you can come over to our discord server there's a link down below love to hear your thoughts about this and just kind of i guess the general conversation of um the rise of adolf hitler into these conditions is it surprising to you is it not surprising to you i don't know what are your thoughts love to get a conversation going so definitely do that all right against links to some things down below the original original video link is down there and uh links to some other fun stuff too so all right with that we'll see you next time [Music] bye [Music] you

Channel: Mr. Terry History

Views: 21,237

Keywords: react, history

Id: L2pzH7DJag8

Length: 23min 27sec (1407 seconds)

Published: Fri Mar 19 2021