Gerunds and Infinitives in English | grammar lesson

hi in today's lesson you will learn about gerunds and infinitives in English you'll learn what they are and how to use them this is a suggestion by Maximiliano great suggestion so thank you for that and I hope it helps keep watching until the end where there'll be a short quiz to see how much you've learned so let's get started so first up what is a gerund a gerund is simply another way of saying the verb with the Inc ending so working singing dancing and so on in English when one verb follows another the second verb can either be the gerund or the to infinitive it depends on the first verb in this video we'll be looking at the verbs followed by the gerund and the infinitive z' with two for another lesson on verbs followed by the infinitive without to you can click the link above now so firstly let's look at verbs that can be followed by the gerund or the to infinitive with no difference in meaning so for example it began raining and it began to rain which one is correct well they both are The Goon is a verb that can be followed by either a gerund or a to infinitive with no difference in meaning other verbs that can also be followed by a gerund or a to infinitive and have no difference in meaning are to attempt can't bear continue propose and start for example continue adding the water or continue to add the water they both mean the same the verbs hate like love and prefer can be followed by both the gerund and the infinitive with a very small different in meaning the end form emphasizes the verb itself the to-infinitive puts the emphasis more on the preference for all the results of the action for example I love cooking Indian food here the emphasis is on the process itself and enjoyment of it because you're using the ink form or she hates cleaning her room again the emphasis is on the process itself of cleaning her room and no enjoyment of it whereas if you follow the verb with an infinitive you put the emphasis on the preference for or the results of the action for example I like to drink juice in the morning and tea at lunchtime here the emphasis is more on the preference or habit or I hate to be the only person to disagree here the emphasis is on the result I would prefer not to be in that situation note that when hates like love and prefer are used with would or should only the to infinitive is used and not the gerund form so you'd say she'd love to get a job nearer to home and not she'd love getting a job nearer home however there are some verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive but with a change in meaning this is an important lesson and I have made a separate video on this so I'd recommend you go and check it out by either clicking the link above now or after watching this video so let's move on most verbs are either followed by a gerund or an infinitive it's important that you know these verb patterns and it is often tested in exams so how do you know whether a verb is followed by a gerund or an infinitive so firstly let's look at when to use the gerund we use the gerund after these verbs admit delay deny finish mind avoid dislike give up miss can't help enjoy imagined practice can't stand fancy involve put off consider feel like keep on and risk so we say I enjoy traveling he admitted stealing the necklace I avoid buying things wrapped in plastic I would recommend you learn the most common ones there's a link to a more complete list down in the comment section some of these verbs are for instance can't stand dislike imagine involve mind miss cut off and risk can be used with a new subject before the inform so if the new subject is a pronoun it is the in the object form so me him/her us or them for example we just couldn't imagine Jerry singing in public here the new subject Jerry comes after imagined and before the gerund or do you mind me being here while you're working here we're using a pronoun of me and it again goes after mind and before the in form of the verb or I don't want to risk him losing his job again it's a pronoun and we put it in between the verb and the gerund but what do you do if you don't know when to use a gerund well here are a few rules to help number one we always use a gerund after a preposition so we would say is anyone interested in playing tennis or two we always use a gerund as subjects or objects of a verb for example traveling abroad can be exhausting and lastly we always use a gerund after expressions such as it's no good it's not worth it's no use it's a waste of time spend time and can't help for example it's no use worrying about it or do you think this book is worth reading the negative form of the verbs plus the gerund is the verb plus not plus the gerund so you could say imagine not having pizza or he considered not buying the house as it was too expensive so now let's look at when to use the infinitive we use the infinitive after these verbs afford agree arrange ask choose continue decide demand fail help hope intend learn manage mean as in to intend need offer plan pretend promise refused and want so there is a link to a more complete list of all verbs that need and to infinitive in the comment section so you would say I want to speak to the manager or she's learning to play the piano or he offered to help us wash up but if you don't know when to use an infinitive here again are a few rules to help so you use the infinitive number one to say why you do something I was training two hours a day to get fit so here we're using the infinitive because it's saying why you're doing something to to say why something exists so for example there are doctors and nurses to care for the sick again infinitive to say why something exists three after two something to and enough to so for example she was clever enough guess the answer or the parcel was too big to be sent by post for after the adjectives afraid cheap delighted difficult disappointed easy to essential expensive glad happy hard interesting impossible kind pleased possible safe sorry surprised and relieved too for instance I was glad to see my old friend in town yesterday Oh it is very kind of you to take me to the station some verbs plus the to infinitive always have an object so the verbs dare encourage force invite order persuade remind teach tell and warn all have an object and they always have an object for example her father taught her to play the piano here the object is her so you have to have an object with to teach you have to teach someone also the following verbs sometimes have an object so what ask expect beg help and intend so you could say we expected to be late with no object or we expected Marge to be late here the object march comes after the verb expect and before the infinitive to be so you can choose sometimes you can have it with the object or without the negative is formed by placing not before the infinitive for example he chose not to leave okay so now it's your turn fill in the gaps with verbs in brackets as either a gerund or infinitive number one would you like blank use the verb spend the evening with me and my family to spend like is one of the verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or infinitive with a small difference in meaning however when it is used with either would or should it is always followed by the infinitive to will delay blank use the verb leave until we hear the weather forecast leaving delay is a verb that is always followed by a gerund 3 it is essential blank use the verb get a visa to visit China to get we use the infinitive after certain adjectives an essential is one of these 4 it's unwise to travel by air without blank use the verb make a reservation making we always use a gerund after a preposition 5 the teacher reminded blank use the verb bring their swimming things write your answer in the comment section and I promise to give you feedback on your answer okay so that's it for today I hope you feel more confident using gerunds and infinitives in English remember to like this video if you found it useful share it with your friends and colleagues learning English and don't forget to subscribe to my channel Oxford English now for more free English language videos ok see you very soon take care bye bye for now [Music]

Channel: Oxford English Now

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Id: KQWvKIBiuS0

Length: 13min 30sec (810 seconds)

Published: Fri Nov 15 2019