Flight Simulator 2020 Flight LESSONS | HOW TO GET STARTED | Pilot Teaches How to FLY - Tutorial #1

[Music] listen it's not my fault that the people are a fan of you it's not my fault you're just so dang cute welcome back to the channel and i hope you're excited for today's lesson so my name is emily i'm going to be your flight instructor sim instructor i don't know what should we call me laid off pilot instructor fight simulator enthusiast one of those names welcome back to the channel for another flight simulator 2020 tutorial so as it has been highly requested you have been asking me to kind of reel it back in a little bit a lot of you enjoyed the full ifr tutorial the g1000 tutorial but many of you mentioned that it was still a bit more high level than some of the tutorials that you were hoping to see so because of that i figured i would kind of bring it back and go back to some fundamentals of flight some more basics of flying so that you can apply those kind of foundational skills onto other portions of the flight sim 2020 please subscribe to the channel if you enjoyed seeing this kind of content please take a look at the description box below there's gonna be lots of links to some old videos and a lot of answers to some of the questions that you may have so make sure that you check that out okay so now that we're ready to get started i wanted to first cover some basic definitions and then we'll give you i'll give you a demonstration in the actual flight sim itself so the first definition that i wanted to cover is taxiing and i know that sounds super basic for some of you guys but there's numerous people who aren't aware that taxiing is actually an aircraft's movement on the ground so when we talk about taxiing we're referring to us kind of moving from the apron area or moving along a taxiway and setting yourself up for departure or after the landing taxiing back to your gate or to your hanger wherever that may be so this is applicable for you guys if you're using rudder pedals or if you're obviously using uh just a joystick like myself so your taxiing is going to be slightly different because taxiing in the real aircraft is actually done through the rudder pedals themselves so there's actually through a linkage system that's connected to the nose wheel of most small aircraft as you're moving your rudder pedals around with your heels you're actually going to be pulling or pushing the nose wheel in the direction that you are hoping to move so in my instance right now i'm going to be using the twisting motion to actually um taxi my aircraft along the ground but for many of you guys that are using rudder pedals is actually going to be using either your right foot to be turning the nose wheel towards the right or your left one to be going towards the left now a quick tip for you guys as you're starting to taxi typically you'll want to just stay neutral so you don't want to be constantly over correcting most of your um your foot pressure should be on to your heels and your heels should be on the floor so you don't want to be kind of elevating and putting a lot of pressure onto your heels your heels should be on the ground and then as you're applying pressure you want to try to make sure that it's nice and consistent and that if you're trying to correct with the other direction that you're actually lessening the pressure from the opposite side so that you're not kind of pushing against your own feet so let's take a look at what that looks like in the aircraft itself so to start taxiing forward i'm going to be checking to make sure that my brakes aren't on and in this case if you're using rudder pedals your brakes are actually going to be toe brakes so they're actually going to be at the top part of the rudder pedals themselves so make sure that you lift your toes or that you also don't have your parking brake accidentally on it's definitely happened to all of us so once you see that that's done you can start adding a little bit of throttle to start your aircraft moving forward now typically for small aircraft you can start the initial adding of power and then you can reduce it once you've gotten over the initial inertia and then as you're taxiing along and you're following your yellow line which gives you proper wing clearance on either side you can then move your aircraft about so we're just going to taxi along straight forward and we can keep an eye out to make sure that we're on the actual line now of course this isn't realistic but in the same you can use that it's had some flaps down so for myself if you are like me and you don't have rudder pedals you can just use slight twisting motions with the actual joystick itself on the right side and move your nose about so here we're just going to practice just taxiing onto the runway i don't have a clearance but it's fine just for simulation here we're just going to start our aircraft turn to the left so i'm just going to start rotating to the left and again if this you were using your rudder pedals you'd be using your left foot and then canceling it out and let's just say that i want to taxi just onto the right here i could do so by twisting now to the right and you can actually see in the aircraft the router pedals are moving accordingly so it kind of gives you an idea of what it would actually look like a little bit more power here oh i'm still getting used to the twisting motion but you guys kind of get the idea now if i wanted to slow down and stop my aircraft you're first going to reduce your throttle obviously you don't want to be adding a brakes against the throttle power itself and then you can start using your brakes now for myself i've set it up to a specific button but of course in a situation where you're using rudder pedals you're just going to be using both even pressure on the top portions of the router pedals for your brakes and then once you've stopped you can just set your parking brake so i mentioned this example it's obviously for a much smaller aircraft so for today we're in a 152 i actually did my training initially in a 150 so this is quite similar to what i did my initial training in but of course if you are flying a much larger aircraft you're most likely going to be actually taxiing around with a tiller so some aircraft have tillers on both the captain side and the first officer side and some of them have them only on the captain's side and the tiller really is just a instead of using your feet to control the rudder petals you're actually going to be using the hand till to move your aircraft around now it actually gives you much more flexibility in terms of turn radius instead of just trying to use your rudder pedals only there is also another skill that you can potentially try to test out if you do have the pedals i can't really do it for myself but it is called differential braking so in the event that you're trying to actually decrease your turn radius so you're trying to do a really sharp turn in one direction you can actually use a combination of your rudder as well as using the brake on either side of the aircraft so in this case if we're using the example of turning to the right we wanted to make it a really nice and tight right turn we could actually just turn and use our right rudder but we'd actually also break on with the right side so that it would actually just seize the right nut sees but it would stop the wheel from moving on the right side and actually just move yourself about so that this wheel is stationary and the other wheel moves so if you guys have water pedals you can definitely test it out for yourselves and see if you can decrease how wide your turn radius is okay so now that we've talked a little bit about taxiing and moving about uh on the different taxiways or the different aprons i just wanted to give you guys an example of different taxiway signs so here on the screen i've just kind of zoomed it out so we can have a better perspective but i wanted to show you guys this first example of a taxiway sign so the black outline is going to be the one the taxiway that you're currently on so right now we know that we are on taxiway bravo and then we see that there's three different options for taxiway charlie so the way that you can break this down is that you know that charlie is going to be all surrounding you so charlie with the arrow backwards is talking about this taxiway here so this is charlie char taxiway charlie that is going to be ahead of you actually if i'm not mistaken it blends into charlie at the end here and then you also have taxiway charlie that is right here another thing to take a look at is we can see that we have some hold short lines here ahead of us so it's just warning you that you are going to be coming onto an active uh runway or a departure path of sorts we can also see here that it is indicating to us which runway that is so we see that in this case if i zoom in we can actually see that it is a runway two one and runway is zero three so that's actually this runway just to our left it is also indicated with this one ahead oh i'm sorry i just realized the mistake i was making bravo actually ends here and charlie actually continues this way here so that's why it probably got split into a different taxiway because they probably started adding more taxiways as the airport grew a little bit so we see that we have runway two one zero three and then we can see that here it's an unused taxiway it's actually an x in the distance here so hopefully that gives you guys a bit of an idea of some taxi away signs to get familiar with and a tip for you guys i would highly recommend if you're able to to go and check out skyvector.com and maybe just download the aerodrome or the airport chart that you're going to be taxiing in obviously using the g1000 is quite helpful because it does have the live gps positioning and it can show you where you are it doesn't show the taxiways but if you have the airport diagram to your side somewhere and then you're also using the g1000 it can obviously benefit you in terms of situational awareness so an aircraft has three different axes that it can move about the three of them are your longitudinal axis wait i need a prop okay prop time so the aircraft can move about three different axes so the longitudinal axis is going to be the axis that actually goes along the length of the aircraft you also then have your lateral axis which is going to be from wingtip to wingtip and then lastly we also have our normal axis or the yawing the vertical axis excuse me that goes right through the middle of the aircraft this way so remember those different axes because now we're going to talk about the movements and the movements are relative to those axes i just described so let's talk about the three different types of movements now that are associated with this so first i talked about the longitudinal axis so the movement that is associated with that is going to be the roll movement so rolling your aircraft to the left or to the right the other one that we can talk about is going to be the lateral axis which is going to be the pitching movement about the lateral axis and then lastly the last movement which is not something that we create it's something that we actually control it is the yawing movement so the movement about the vertical axis in this direction so now that we've covered all the different movements let's talk about what you actually do to establish those movements so we talked about first the longitudinal axis which has the rolling movement and that's actually going to be with you establishing either a left or a right bank attitude by using your control column either left or right so that is this going to be this way and the control surfaces that are responsible for that are actually going to be your ailerons so you've probably seen them before your ailerons are going to be deflecting either left or right depending on the direction of role that you're trying to establish we have our lateral axis which has the pitch movement and that's actually established by either pulling back or pushing forward onto your control column so making the aircraft pitch up or down as a movement and that's actually established or created by the control surfaces which are your elevators that is located on the tail of the aircraft so either on the horizontal stabilizer like this or it might be on a lower different type of tail depending on again the aircraft that you're flying and then the last movement that we talked about again i mentioned that is it is about the vertical axis and it's an undesired state it's it's it's typically called adverse yaw so it's the tendency for an aircraft that's rigid for it to actually go into the opposite direction of a roll so in this case if we were to roll the aircraft to the left naturally the nose is actually going to want to point to the opposite direction as you do so and that's just due to the differences in the lift that's being created by either of the wings but to be able to control that or to counteract that we're actually going to be using our feet or the rudder pedals to actually be moving the rudder which is also located on the tail of the aircraft so to make to establish a turn procedure which is now a more complex maneuver we're actually going to be comp using a combination of both the rolling movement as well as the yaw tendency to correct it so that it actually turns in the direction of actually heads in the direction of the turn okay so now that i've used my prop let's do some a couple demos in the flight sim itself okay so what we're going to do now is i'm actually just going to change the airports and we're going to be departing out of calgary and i'm going to do a take off and then once we're airborne and cruising we'll go on to the second part of today's lesson all right let's do this yes yes i've been clear for takeoff we're doing basic lessons okay calm yourself so what we're gonna do is i'm just gonna climb out we're just gonna head to a spot where we don't see the mountains we're just gonna head to an area where it's our view is not obstructed by anything and then i'm going to start talking about our next lesson okay so the first thing that we're going to be talking about like i said is attitudes and movements so emily what is an attitude an attitude is basically the orientation of the aircraft or your aircraft relative to the horizon and then what is the horizon the horizon is essentially where the sky meets the earth and that's why i was mentioning earlier that it was probably a good idea to head to a destination where it's not going to be obstructed by buildings or a city or mountains in the background because you do want a nice and level horizon to be referencing to and why is it important to learn these all these different attitudes that i'm going to be going through it's important because these are essentially the foundation of all other phases or all phases of flight that you're going to be building on so your takeoff your cruise your descent and your landing as well as your flare and your touchdown and all that there are three different basic attitudes it's going to be broken down into your cruise attitudes your nose up and nose down attitude and then lastly your bank attitudes so as you guys see on the screen the first attitude that we're going to be talking about is your cruise attitude now your cruise attitude is your reference for every other attitude that you're going to be establishing now as a fun tip or an activity i don't know if you want to do this with like your kids or your significant other or like your pet or something but one activity that i used to love to teach or to give to my students when i was a flight instructor was to and you guys don't have to do this but if you guys are really wanting to memorize these especially when you're not necessarily playing the game what i would recommend is actually getting a printout like literally a screenshot of the aircraft that you're currently practicing on so it could be the 152 in this case it could be the 172 but you're going to get the picture that you're seeing on the screen right now and then you're going to also get a picture so two different printouts of the horizon what you're going to do with the first one the first cut out screen or the screen sorry you're actually going to cut the entire windscreen portion out so you can leave the the magnetic compass in if you want but you're just going to cut around and then get two like clear laminated um like those like dividers or those separators and put both of your pictures in those clear dividers and what you're going to have is basically be able to use both those pictures and move them around against one another so that you can visualize the different attitudes and the reason why that's so it's a good suggestion is because you want to be able to establish these without even second guessing so if i were to eventually tell you hey go ahead and set up a gentle nose up with a medium left bank attitude you're going to know exactly how to move those pictures so that you can actually replicate that in the flight sim and that's really important because it's going to be the different setups like we're going to be when you're going to be doing your left turn onto your circuit pattern or maybe you're doing a descending turn as you're turning and intercepting a final approach slope or final approach uh path so again it's really important so that you can build on these skills to then translate them over onto other facets of your flight sim the cruise attitude is really going to be your baseline like i said so as a general consensus most people would recommend that you typically see about a fist of space between your dash so the bottom you know the bottom portion of the dash and the horizon so as you're seated properly and you know if you're doing this for real flight training make sure that your flight instructor is actually checking your seat height because it actually makes a huge difference especially with if you're struggling with landings make sure you're seated at the proper position and then sit comfortably and look to see whether or not the horizon crosses your fingers are like you're you're the top of your fingers with about four fingers above the dash so that's your reference point for crew so this is typically kind of what we're seeing right now another thing that's going to come along with your cruise attitude is going to be having your wings leveled so we can obviously see that right now my wings relative to the horizon are nice and flush there is no angle up or down and there's going to be a constant rpm so you're not really accelerating or decelerating it's just a cruise attitude and that's the baseline now let's talk about your different nose up and nose down attitude so the the second attitude that you can have so we can split your nose up and nose down attitudes into three further attitudes so i'm gonna be demonstrating all of them so that you can then practice them at home so we talked about how this would be our normal cruise attitude now if we pitch our nose up a tiny bit so if we pull back on the control column or your yoke we can see now that my attitude is a little bit changed i see that it's almost just meeting the horizon so my my dashboard is now flush with the horizon and we would call this a gentle nose up attitude and this is going to be associated with like a gentle climb or an on route climb as well so then once we're happy with that we can return back to cruise and you always want to go back to cruise to get remind yourself of the baseline the next one would be your medium nose up attitude so gentle was between you know five degrees of pitch up your medium is gonna be between five to ten degrees so it would look something like say this let me see on the outside if it shows us a little bit more so this would be like a medium nose up attitude that's actually kind of neat to be able to see it from the outside and the medium nose-up attitude as a reference i like to kind of visualize that my horizon is actually crossing the top portion of or the top or the mid portion of my first row of instruments again this is going to depend on what aircraft that you're training in but the 172 the 152 these are both going to be interchangeable in terms of the aircraft and the examples that i'm giving so this would be more your medium nose up attitude so again five to ten degrees of nose up oh i wasn't pitching up apparently i'm too high my performance is crap here okay all right so we go back to our cruise attitude and then lastly we're going to finish up with a steep nose up attitude which is greater than 10 degrees of nose up so of course this is what it would look like instead and i would then say to people you know look for the horizon crossing between the middle portion of your six-pack instrument and then back to crew's attitude so those were the three different nose up and then of course we're to have the same three nose down attitudes but instead pitching your nose down so starting from cruise we're going to go to a gentle nose down so a gentle nose down would look something like this so instead of having just your four fingers or your fist it might be like a fifth finger on top or just like a little bit more so something greater than cruz and greater than what we were practicing earlier and then back to your crew's attitude medium dosan is going to get going to be between 5 to 10 degrees of nose down so now we're starting to see that the horizon and the ground is getting larger in sight so we push the nose down houses get bigger that whole thing so medium nose-down attitude we're starting to see more of like a 60 sky 40 ground and then back to your cruise attitude and then lastly for your steep nose down so it's greater than 10 degrees we're going to be looking about 50 sky and a ground so i'm just going to decrease well we have a nice friend coming to join us for our lessons i'm just going to decrease the throttle a little bit and then pitch my nose forward so again press forward on my control column and there's more of my steep nose down attitude i'm gonna go back to cruise a little bit there we go so those were the cruise attitudes as well as the nose up and nose down so now that we've recovered from that we can talk about the final attitudes which are our bank attitudes and again there's going to be three different uh kinds of bank attitudes so going back to our level flight or cruise flight a cruise attitude i should say we're going to be breaking them down into our gentle medium and stick steep bank attitudes so a um using your control column or your yoke whichever one that you have you're going to be establishing a bank attitude so bank attitude is going to be either left or right direction and again we're going to be breaking them down into degrees so still staying in a cruise attitude so not pitching up or pitching down you're going to be increasing your bank to first let's start to 50 degrees or less so 15 degrees bank is going to be your gentle bank attitude so something like this would be a gentle bank now i want to see if i can pause it there we go so we can see here as i'm banked into this attitude we see that the horizon is just on a very slight angle so you can almost see that it's like just kind of meeting i think if we stand up properly there we go if we look at the horizon or where the dash is meeting it's just meeting on the corner so that's just your gentle bank attitude so if i'm going to go to the left i need to roll my aircraft once i'm happy with the angle i actually need to cancel the input otherwise it will continue to increase and then if i want to roll out i actually go into the opposite direction so roll to the right to level the wings let's do that one more time just because i didn't do it that well here so i'm going to roll to the left cancel my input and then once i'm done with my bank i'm actually going to roll to the right and then neutralize my inputs once again and then we try and do a medium bank we're actually going to be increasing it between 15 to 30 degrees and again i'm using all references outside because i want you guys to be able to reference the outside picture and not your instruments you can of course confirm that but i'd rather you memorize the outside picture so that you're really good at it so in this case here this would be your medium bank attitude and again we now see that the horizon is kind of crossing with close to the midpoint of our dash so that's another good reference point to be able to use and we can actually confirm that i am at the 30 degree mark so anywhere between 15 to 30 degrees this is your medium bank attitude and then coming back to cruise and then lastly let's do a steep bank attitude which is going to be anything greater than 30 degrees and typically when you're doing your like flight training you're aiming for about 45 degrees up big so let's try that to the right or to the left excuse me and for a steep we're actually going to be needing to pitch our nose up a tiny bit because we're losing some lift and this is what you're steep oh i'm having a hard time controlling this something like this so a steep oh it's really weird to stop at midfield so a steep bank attitude it's not gonna be perfect right now apparently we're turning but it's anything greater than 30 degrees and we can see really that the dash is now we're looking more to the sky and we're on a much steeper bank attitude there we go we can come back to our cruise now you can practice doing them all on to the right as well and looking for the same markers now something to keep in mind depending on the seating position that you're gonna have so of course if you're doing your training you're gonna be mostly in the left seat but if you were to become a flight instructor or you're going on to the right seat then your pictures or your reference points are going to be completely different because you're on the opposite side the same rules apply you just have to memorize what each picture is for the different seating positions something also that i wanted to bring up as well is please don't focus on the instruments especially at first it's really easy to get sidetracked and to stare especially if like you're looking like this say but i really found especially when i was teaching that it's really really important to be able to look everything outside first to be able to reference your points so that you can really nail and understand what the aircraft is doing instead of relying on the instrumentation now if you want to confirm that you're doing something correctly or that something is being replicated by all means go ahead and i can if you guys are interested i can maybe do like a more in-depth conversation about the different instruments but for now especially when you're starting at first it's really really important to be focused outside not inside all right everybody i think that completes the lesson for today and now i know it's probably super basic and i know for you pros out there that have been flight timing for a long time you probably didn't get that much out of it but for people who are just starting out i think it's really important to start with a solid solid foundation so hopefully this video was educational hopefully you guys see that on to the next lesson we're actually going to be building on top of this so you guys will hear me use those same terms that we just talked about for today on to the next lesson and you guys will see that i'll be able to um add this to your takeoffs add this towards your approach and towards your landing so i can coach you guys or teach you guys how to approach properly and go for some actual decent landings in the flight sim so i hope this video was beneficial to you guys thank you so much for watching i really appreciate all the comments and the positive feedback that you guys always give me give this video a like if you appreciate it and you want me to build on top of this it's really important for me to know that i'm creating the content that you guys all want to see so thank you so much for watching and i'll see you guys in the next video [Music] [Music]

Channel: Pilot Emilie

Views: 235,540

Keywords: flight simulator 2020 tutorial, microsoft flight simulator 2020 how to fly, pilot emilie, microsoft flight simulator 2020, flight training, flying tutorial, how to fly, flight simulator 2020, airline pilot flight simulator, real pilot plays flight simulator, pilot vs flight simulator, Tutorial, flight simulator real pilot, steam, discord, aviation, how to, flight simulator, xplane 11, prepar3d, rtx 3070, rtx 2060, flight tutorial

Id: GvBG7pVhRBE

Length: 28min 31sec (1711 seconds)

Published: Sun Oct 18 2020