Cardiac Tamponade NCLEX Tips for Nursing Students

hey guys nurse Mike here and welcome to simplenursing.com now before we get today's lecture started please remember to access your free quiz and preview our cool Nifty new study guides not here on YouTube click the link right up here at any time during this video all right guys let's begin you're the nursing in the emergency department and you have three patients Bob was in a car accident Betty was stabbed in the chest oh my gosh and Tommy just had a heart attack waiting for his end Collex results they're all pale cool and clammy with Vital Signs including tacac cardia hypotension and low oxygen saturations the heart monitor shows uneven QRS complexes OMG what could it be and what is the first thing you want to do as a nurse today we're wrapping up cardiac tamponade or cardiac tamponade so think compression on the heart so the heart can't pump out oxygen to the body now cardiac tamponade comes from the root word tampon and since tampon filled with blood while the sac around the heart fills up with either blood or fluid like a big water balloon putting pressure on those ventricles which eventually stops the heart now no heartbeat means we have a dead patient right everyone knows this but why though well this is because the heart pumps out oxygen rich blood out to the body called cardiac output now this compression on the heart causes a dramatic drop in cardiac output meaning drop in blood to the body or in other words low cardiac output means low oxygen put out to the body because guys remember this one thing and we always say it here o oxygen is the money of the body no money no honey so no oxygen no life now the fancy medical definition for cardiac tamponade is when the paracardial sack around the heart fills with fluid or blood causing increased paracardial pressure that compresses the heart so the heart no longer can fill with blood so if the heart can't get blood in well then guys it can't get blood out and again this low cardiac output means low oxygen put out to the body so what's really going on in the body well as you guys know the heart is protected by a double- layered sack called the pericardium which acts kind of like a water bed to protect the heart this sack is normally filled with about 30 to 50 MLS of fluid and this helps lubricate the heart layers which minimizes friction as the heart contracts but in cardiac tanod blood or fluid fills up the sack around the heart which compresses the ventricles causing deadly low cardiac output this low blood being pumped out and guys eventually this leads to no pumping at all so we lose a heartbeat altogether and the patient dies so naturally all the signs and symptoms stem from this low cardiac output this low oxygen to the body so we'll see classic complaints from this low low oxygen and this low low blood pressure now the very first sign you'll see for low oxygen is always restlessness which is the earliest indication of hypoxemia just fancy words for low oxygen now that's a huge test tip right there this restlessness is ALS also seen as aloc alter level of Consciousness or they even call it a change in mental status so we'll also see dizziness or passing out called Syncopy fatigue and shortness of breath also called dmia this difficulty breathing oh and also we'll see tacac cardia which is the very first sign of decreased cardiac output now that's a big test tip now why is tacac cardia the very first sign of low cardiac output well as the body starves for oxygen the heart tries to compensate by pumping faster and faster to move its limited blood supply and oxygen around the body now in cardiac tonot as the heart gets squished a condition called beex Triad occurs so use this helpful acronym these are very classic signs and symptoms of cardiac tonot now the b stands for big jugular vein distension also called jbd our e stands for extremely low blood pressure AKA hypotension and the C you can't hear the heart sounds because they're muff by all that fluid around the heart now another problem from the heart getting squished is something called pulses paradoxus where the blood pressure also gets squished down too so that's a huge test step right there write that one down now why does this happen well as blood coming out of the heart decreases AKA decreased cardiac output while the stress put on those blood vessels decreases too showing a drop in that cic blood pressure that top number so a drop in systolic blood pressure by more than 10 mm of mercury during inspiration or breathing in this leads to narrow pulse pressure meaning the top and bottom numbers are getting closer and closer together so for example 120 over 80 has a normal pulse pressure of 40 but as a heart gets compressed the numbers get compress two and the pulse pressure gets more narrow so it gets to like 100 over 90 that's a pulse pressure of 10 now as far as the heart waves on the cardiac monitor it's going to show uneven low voltage waves in our QRS complex but why well just think of the patho here guys we have a heart that is getting squished right well our big ventrical squeeze those Qs complexes thanks for watching for our full video and new quiz Bank click right up here to access your free trial and please consider subscribing to our YouTube channel last but not least a big thanks to our team of experts helping us make these great videos all right guys see you next time [Music]

Channel: SimpleNursing

Views: 283,678

Keywords: cardiac tamponade, pericardium, hypotension, jugular vein distention, tachycardia, heart compression, cardiac surgery, heart attack, nursing school, isotonic, hypotonic, nclex, hesi, registered nurse rn, osmosis, kahn academy, electrolytes, ekg, simplenursing2018, nursing, rn

Id: aLRjxFiTZbI

Length: 5min 31sec (331 seconds)

Published: Wed Sep 12 2018