Basic IFR & Auto Pilot on the G1000 GPS | Microsoft Flight Simulator | Cessna 172

hey guys brady here and welcome back to microsoft flight simulator 2020 and today we're going to do some ifr flying using gps navigation and also the g1000 on the cessna 172 sp we're going to do a flight from flagstaff to sedona and go over the basics of how to fly a route a little bit of autopilot a little bit of ifr knowledge and training here what i want to do is prepare you to fly and start flying right away using a gps and show you just how easy this can be so that you can go start having fun right away now let's start here with our our flight plan we've got flagstaff punched in we've got sedona punched in now where do we go from here right now we're just on a vfr direct gps flight up here we want to change that to ifr and we're going to do low altitude airways this is going to be a short flight you know given the wind we may want to take off on three but because this is just for instructional purposes we'll stick with runway two one actually we're gonna start at the uh parking so let's have a start us at the parking and then up here you wanna do your arrivals which is gonna be direct that is the only option right now for sedona and for the approach we're going to do a gps approach for runway 3 again the only really the only option that you have so once we type that in once we punch that in we're gonna have our flight plan come up here and show us our flight plan and how we're gonna fly this this route and as you can see it's gonna set us up with these fixes right here right into runway three now if you pull up the nav log you could also see each waypoint and what altitude you're expected to be at for that waypoint you'll notice that our heading is one seven one at first and then we're gonna be two zero two three zero four um this is an eastbound heading here but then westbound so if you want to know what altitudes you're supposed to be flying at whether you're eastbound or westbound east altitudes are odd numbers westbound's even and for ifr you do not go up 500 feet so if uh if this were via far flight you would do like 5 000 feet and then plus 500 so 5 500. you're always at that 500 for vfr for ifr it's just a nice even uh even number um rounded number i should say to just five thousand feet six thousand seven thousand eight thousand and so forth so um something to keep in mind if you're on a heading of 171 that's zero degrees through 179 you're going to be on an odd number altitude 5000 feet odd number as soon as you hit 180 degrees to a 360 degree course heading which would be this two zero two now it's going to go to an even number so this would actually we would want to change to an even number and be cruising at an even altitude um i'm not sure exactly how to change these specific altitudes in this menu in this built-in menu in flight simulator right now but it's just something to keep in mind when you're flying just remember east odd uh west even let's go look at some very important stuff using one of my favorite websites airnav.com let's go to sedona and this is where it's going to get nice and juicy and i think you're going to like this information here so when we pull up sedona we could see we could be on phoenix approach phoenix for our frequencies we've got a wasp information and it's an uncontrolled airport this is getting into the atc stuff so we're just going to ignore that for now and come all the way down here to our instrument approach procedures which is only gps runway three now normally there could be a ton of different options here but for this specific airport there's only a gps straight in approach for runway three so let's talk about some of the things on this chart again i don't want to go over every single little thing i want to get you flying they're all different kinds of of approach plates and this is a very basic one there are some that have a lot more information and can get confusing so this is a great example to start with we'll start with our approach course we know that we're going to be approaching at zero three three we know that uh we've got our runway lengths here are tdze what is that that's actually the highest elevation in the first 3000 feet of the runway starting at the threshold it's a very specific very specific data there we can kind of just ignore that for now and then our airport elevation the type of uh plate this is gps runway three and let's just come down to this stuff here now if you look at our uh route that we're flying you'll see we're here's the runway we're going to be coming in from this side and then we're going to be on a right base for runway 3. and you'll notice zabus is here uh balsu these are all navigational waypoints for you to keep in mind and when we go back to uh our our chart you can see these are here see there's balsu mingi could potentially be way out pretty far away because this this is also for bigger airplanes um so here's mingy here so that all corresponds the mingi balsu is what we're looking at when we're looking at this plate all you have to do is find them and and that'll start to make sense now a couple things that we can look at here we've got um our official descent and and start coming in on final at exuity so that starts at 8 000 it's a recommended 8 000 uh feet 8 000 for altitude is what they're recommending to be at a minimum when you start your descent as we get to lyric which again all of this is in our flight plan when we get to lyra we want to be at a minimum altitude of 6 600 feet so you could be a little bit above that and that's where we would pick up the localizer that's what this crosses here um and you could start using the local localizer and start looking out for the runway down here we have the category of our approach which is straight in s runway three and now the categories a b c d what is that well we're pretty much we're gonna be in category a this is for airplanes that are coming in 90 knots or less for faster airplanes the category goes up so these are bigger faster airplanes as we go to the right now what it's showing here for our category is 6140 feet for our decision height that is when we need to make a decision of can we land on this runway or not or do we need to start thinking about going around so you just don't want to descend below 6100 feet unless you have the runway and sight or you know lights runway lights in sight so once you're at 6140 feet you're actually 1347 feet above the touchdown zone now the next number is really just rounded up and this can help with the weather report so if you look at the weather report and you know the clouds are below you know 1 200 feet then this is going to be it could be become a problem but if the clouds are reported to be above 1400 feet and the visibility is more than one and a half statute miles you should have a good probability to land all you need to know is you have your waypoints here you're gonna be on a right base we're gonna be on the right base runway three and we have some altitudes here that help you know what altitude you should be at when you're coming in for your descent and also nautical miles in between each one you also have some elevation data over here and we're going to be landing in somewhat of a valley valley here in sedona so important stuff to note how high it's going to be as we're coming in i also wanted to mention uh navigraft charts really cool website i found if you want to get really into ifr flying and flight planning and all this stuff is just so so cool it just costs money that's why i haven't done it yet but a really cool flight planner and even has um overlays showing you different options for approaches and departures showing the map and then overlaying so this is an ils or localizer approach and then it'll overlay it showing how it comes off the map and connects to this chart and if you are really into ifr flying you may want to consider doing using this for your flight planning if you're going to be flying on a simulator a lot back to sedona the only other thing you really need to keep in mind here is just the runway length we know that sedona has a 5 132 foot runway plenty of room to land a cessna 172 but if you were getting into a runway that you were questioned it was questionable whether you're going to be able to take off or land this is what you want to use to calculate that there are different charts uh based on the pressure altitude based on different things here that will help you uh calculate what your takeoff distance might be depending on what elevation you're at things like that can affect the performance of your airplane the other thing is in this case landing distances it's calculating it based on weight based on your speed the pressure altitude and then temperature and then for an operation on a dry grass runway increase distances by 45 this is all stuff that i had to learn and calculate a lot as when i was getting my private pilot license so uh just remember that that performance data is available let's go have some fun we've got our route we've seen the approach plate we can reference that if we want to and we're gonna go get in our airplanes start it up and fly this quick ifr approach all right and here we are in the aircraft but it is a beautiful day in flagstaff and it's more like vfr conditions than ifr so let's go ahead and change that from live weather instead let's just have it start raining there we go now i noticed there's a whole bunch of new checklist items here which is awesome i love that they have all this on here now i don't know if this is from a new update or what but really really cool that they have all this they even have checking the aircraft documentation on here this is really really cool to see so i did an automatic start there that's just control e instead of going through everything now you'll notice that our flight plan queued up and if i hold my mouse here over the range knob you can use the mouse wheel to zoom in and out which is really nice these displays are the exact same so it looks like a lot it looks like a lot of knobs but really it's not these are the exact same panels the only difference is over here we have the map we're going to turn on the pedo heat just because we're going to be at a high altitude and we need to try to prevent icing let's go ahead and start taxing to the runway and we're going to go ahead and begin our taxi down alpha very simple airport and a beautiful place to fly flagstaff and sedona so should be a nice ifr flight all right we're just going to go right here for our takeoff and before you take off you're going to want to make sure that you have your transponder set properly so let's zoom in here real quick and take a look at the transponder that is this button right here and that is how you set it so you're going to get that information from the atc or for an ifr flight they're usually going to tell you to squawk a certain code this is where you put the code in right here and you can here's your ident button if the atc asks you to ident we can go back and vfr will automatically squawk vfr for you and then here you have your modes like standby on and alt we leave it on the alt mode it's generally what you have it on when you fly that gives them the most the atc the most information about your flight like including your altitude so that's about it for the transponder i just i'm gonna i'm gonna go over a lot of stuff as we get up into the air but i wanted to mention the transponder now because that's something that you want to set before you take off all right and we are cleared for takeoff we've got our barometric pressure set that's important make sure you have the right uh information for that we could have checked the atis if you need to check the atis and get your altimeter our altimeter is two nine or nine or two that's going to give you the correct altitude so um make sure that you know you got that the only reason that it was correct already is because we did an automatic startup now that we're about to take off we can turn the taxi light off let's turn our nav lights on strobe light on we also have our pitot heat on it's turn time to turn onto the runway and take off one more thing that you could do is you could also set the altitude that you're going to want to be at on the ground but we don't need to do that it's fine let's get this bird up in the air start making our way to sedona 50 knots 60 knots and 70 knots you can start to rotate and we're up just like that i'm going to start trimming it up a little bit just so we keep a positive rate of climb here which we've got i'm going to turn up the lights a little bit for the dash instruments and all that so you can use these uh knobs for that all right and we're off we have begun our ifr flight it's so cool seeing this rainy weather got a positive rate of climb everything's looking good let's turn off our landing light all of our other lights are on pedo heat is on which is good now as we're climbing um everything is looking good we're pretty much on course and now may be a good time to start thinking about using the autopilot so first thing you're going to want to do is use this knob right here to set the altitude up here to say 9000 feet and we'll turn on autopilot but there's nothing else selected except for autopilot and it doesn't know how we're going to get to 9000 feet and how we're going to do that is we're going to use this vertical speed mode so we'll turn that on and then we can increase our vertical speed mode which is this little number right here using these two knobs right here nose up and nose down and we can decide how many feet per minute we want to climb up to 9000 feet so we could say 400 feet let's do 500 and it'll start to pitch up more to climb faster once it gets to 9000 feet it will level off the same things works for descending except you'd be going uh down with your vertical speed and that's really it for altitude other than if you want to use this altitude hold button if you hit that it will hold whatever altitude you're on um whatever you're at if you hit that button it'll just it'll stop everything immediately and hold whatever altitude you're at so to get to a certain altitude the one that you set up here with this knob you just want to use the vertical speed mode for that the next thing we have here is our heading that's this little teal indication here as you turn this knob i'm using the mouse wheel to turn this knob that little teal indicator will be the headings uh the course selection for this if you hit the button here it will synchronize it to straight ahead whatever heading you're already on and then you can hit the heading select on and it's going to hold whatever heading you have selected so if i turn this airplane is going to turn that way turn it back this way it's going to go back that way and here's here's your heading that you're setting it at so right now it's set to 168. the airplane will eventually get to 168. now one of the best ways to follow this plan though let me zoom out out on the map a little bit is to use the nav mode for the autopilot so we'll disengage the heading and we'll go ahead and turn nav mode on now what the airplane is going to do is follow this flight plan and it's actually turning right now to to get to this line and it's going to line up with this line and continue to follow the flight plan all the way for us automatically so pretty nice pretty convenient there right now it's it's lining up also we have our comm up here something else uh worth mentioning this is the the knob up here we've got the the enter and the outer knob and then the one in the middle here will toggle between com1 and com2 whichever one you want active this is a standby this is going to be the active com so instead of pulling up the atc window and tuning to phoenix departure automatically you could actually do it here manually so we could go to one two six then go to three seven five and then hit this to swap from the standby to make it active and now we've tuned to that so now our option is to contact them instead of tuned to it so this window gives you the option to do it for you or you can do it manually we'll just go ahead and cancel the ifr flight plan so that we're not worried about the atc for this because for this tutorial let's check out the cdi mention that the cdi is in gps mode so if i mess with it then the nav mode isn't really going to be sure what we're doing unless we have it set and ready to go so you can use your heading mode if you want to get your heading on the right course and then activate heading mode so that while you're making changes to the cdi it's not gonna the airplane's not gonna go all over the place so we up here we have our vor we can toggle the tuning box between nav one and nav two so just clicking it will switch and then turning this knob will change the uh decimals and here we have the main numbers if you change it on the bigger knob and then once you hit this button this is actually standby once you hit this button then it's going to be active so standby over here active over here standby over here active so the inner ones are your active frequencies let's say we want to set the vor for flagstaff which is 113.85 then we want to make that active that is now active and we have the flg which means that it found it and if we wanted to we could put our nav mode back to vor if we uh if we put our nav mode back on the vr vor1 is now active so the airplane is going to turn all the way around and start following that vor you could also adjust our cdi course over here with this knob right here that will change the course of the cdi then if you click it it'll automatically center the cdi on the selected vor some other functions there with the vor if i hit cdi go back to gps mode and it's going to get us back on course for our trip to sedona so that's how you work the vor but you got to remember that a lot of vor stations are actually out of service not working so it'd be something that you want to find out if they're working or not and there is a way to do that up here with the transmitter to check and see if it's working i do not know exactly how to do it so i'm not going to try to teach it coming down here i also wanted to to show this pfd button i really like this wind feature this wind feature is very very cool you could do option one i also have an option two for wind or you could do the the what i like the best the wind coming from two seven zero at ten knots so i really like this feature um and i always turn it on and leave it on so if you want um to see the winds and what the winds are doing that is super cool let's see we've got dme here for nav one uh we've also got uh bearing one and bearing two little windows here if you want those and then for our hsi we could do the 360 degree view or we can do an arc that's more like a airliner if you want more of an airliner mode all right and it's getting us back on route if you hit this button the tmr reference you're actually gonna get some references for the airplane speeds like glide speed vr and you can navigate these if you toggle the selection cursor down here you hit this button then it will let you cycle through some different things and you can decide to turn them on if you want if you turn them on it will come up here next to your air speed these uh these v speeds and show them up here which is very nice if you wanted to do that also gives the option to have a timer and that timer can count up or count down if you want it to also over here on the right side here we have a big map you could also hit some buttons like the map button over here gps then you can do some weather to get some of these rain cells you have some weather radar information here and some topographic information with this button and then if you want to use this one it's actually just clearing some things you can't really see because there's not much to clear but it's just cleaning up the map a little bit this button just making it a little more clean if it gets chaotic coming down to the flight plan button we have a very small menu here and it is showing our flight plan if you hit this button you can toggle cycle through some things and you can actually add waypoints or add new airports to your flight plan if you want or you could do a direct two so another thing to keep in mind is you could do a direct course too and just type in the airport altitude that you want to be at and go directly to that airport and what's that what that's going to do is just change this line here directly to another airport nearest nearest is going to show you the nearest airports the nearest button i'll show you the nearest airports and the runway links for them to make sure that you have an airplane capable of landing at one of their longest runway so it's going to show the longest runway length for that nearest airport so that's the nearest airport button menu button is just unfortunate that it doesn't work at all but that's okay for now i'm sure maybe there'll be an update eventually and maybe it'll work now let's take a little break and enjoy the view for a minute [Music] [Music] [Music] someone was asking me about the mixture basically sets the amount of fuel added to the intake air flow so at higher altitudes the air pressure and therefore oxygen level declines so the fuel volume must also be re reduced so we lean the mixture usually in higher elevation now as we're coming down an elevation you would actually go more rich at sea level like in florida we just mostly you have the mixture just full rich but what you can do is you can play around with how this is affecting your rpms and that's how you know um because you just want to get the the most rpms out of your engine and so you can make minor adjustments here and you'll see my rpms are dropping if i go if i lean it too much it's going to start dropping or if i if i'm too rich it's going to start dropping so there's a balance in there that you want to find that's giving you the most rpms and that's really it for the mixture got a little bit of icing building up which is a little bit concerning we'll see how bad it gets i think we're actually going to start descending soon i remember we're cleared for the bosu transition is what they would clear us for and then we could pull up our chart here that we had and you can see that um when we get to xut or bosu we'd be at 8 000 feet x ut would be at 8 000 feet and then when we go down to lyra we're going to be at 6 600 okay so we want to hit this x ut at uh 8 000 feet is the plan right now or at nine thousand um we were told to go up to nine thousand five hundred but i was hesitant because of uh potential icing that i've been dealing with we are no longer flying autopilot i'm doing everything manual um you can still fly ifr manual you don't have to be on autopilot using our screens all of our information here to fly manually may actually start zooming in a tiny bit so we're going to continue down to lyra we should be at 6 000 uh 600 feet at lyra so we need to come down quite a bit here and then as we're starting our descent this is where you could use the descent checklist if you want to remember to keep pulling up those checklists very important thing that you do when you're flying in real life you don't have to do it in a simulator but it's good to get in the habit of using the checklist we've got a great view of the runway and we're good to good to go for landing we're coming in about 90 knots so i'm getting a little slow [Music] everything's looking good there's a beautiful storm in the background very cool i'm gonna put a notch of flaps down here we've got our landing light could turn the pedo heat off at this point 500. do another notch of flaps we're bouncing all over the place here it's pretty turbulent pitch up and hold it off bleed off some air speed all right we're on the ground and immediately it wants to throw me off the runway so in many cases the simulator can actually be more challenging than reality because it does stuff like that like right now it's wanting to go left like take a hard left for some reason but it is all good we made it and hopefully you have a better idea now of some ifr flying some autopilot and using gps navigation and also shooting a gps approach enough to get you from one airport to the next using gps so thanks so much for tuning in guys and i'm looking forward to doing some more live streaming soon and going to be doing a lot more bush flying and things like that so let me know if you guys want a tutorial more tutorials on certain things specific things if this video happens to be way over your head just be sure to check out my first one where we flew from sedona to flagstaff on a vfr flight and i would watch that one first before this one it's always a beautiful day even when it's raining in sedona so i'm gonna go into town and grab some lunch take care

Channel: Brady Skye

Views: 45,638

Rating: 4.9025307 out of 5

Keywords: aviation, flying, MSFS, microsoft flight simulator, tutorial, basics, IFR, navigation, GPS, G1000, cessna, cessna 172, GPS approach, flight planning, student pilot, simulation, flight sim, microsoft flight simulator 2020, training, pilot, how to use auto pilot, auto pilot basics, Garmin G1000

Id: S8hNZwzOYSs

Length: 32min 40sec (1960 seconds)

Published: Wed Sep 02 2020