Autocad - Complete tutorial for beginners - floor plan (ground floor)

hi everybody and welcome to this playlist where we will perform a complete project architecture which is going to be a great exercise to practice your knowledge in autocad we will make this step by step explaining the commands that i'm using in each situation however some parts that are just repeating a specific method i will fast forward it in order to not make this video very long this exercise is the floor plan of the ground floor on the description of the video you can find the link to download the pdf file so you can easily follow the measurements let's start okay this is the main window that appears whenever we start autocad to start a new drawing i'm going to click here to choose a template from this list and for curiosity a cat point dwt is for imperial units like inches or fit and acad iso is for metrical however it's possible to edit these settings later there is no problem for that once we open our new file we can start editing the units we type units and press enter to open the drawing units window in this drawing we will use millimeters as the units on this project so we chose decimal here for the type and then the precision can be just zero that's because we are not going to use lines or with dimensions under one millimeter at the angle we can keep the settings defined by default and on insertion scale we set the units that we are using in this file they are millimeters and by the way the units in this tab are just needed to export content to another file but anyway i think it's always better to define the correct units here then close the window now in this floor plan we are going to start drawing the walls so it's time to create new layers on this project i'm going to click on the layer properties is this icon here then here i click with the right button go to new layer and create a new layer with the name was for example the important is that you give a easy name to recognize it and also be aware that here the layers are displayed by alphabetical order then for the color i keep it white ah but an important note the layer 0 we don't want to draw objects there as this is a kind of no layer and we will just use it to create blocks but don't worry that's something you will learn later on this tutorial then on the status bar we are not going to use the grid and snap modes for now so we just turn them off i turn on the orso mode to draw horizontal and vertical lines and with that activated it's going to be much faster to draw you will see as in this project almost everything is horizontal and vertical along with that we need the object snap turn on and that's crucial if we want to connect and intersect objects in precise points clicking on the arrow i can switch on or off the modes that we need during this project so let's start drawing but first i'm going to specify the current layer two walls i'm going to activate now the command polyline and in the first line i will draw it with the length of 4900 millimeters then it follows one vertically down with four hundred then is two thousand two hundred after 700 millimeters then 3700 and i just need to follow the lengths on the pdf file until i reach the beginning and remember that the line lengths here have to be on millimeters then the last line i will draw it vertically and if i can connect vertically this line with the origin it means that almost sure i have typed all the lengths correctly for the interior outline of these external walls i am going to use the command offset set for the offset distance 350 click on the polyline and make an offset to the internal side and that was a simple way to draw all the external walls what's next the internal walls but before continuing let's save this drawing with a specific name for drawing the internal walls i will be using a lot to command polyline and offset but of course there are hundreds of ways to make this process i decided to start from the carriage with the command polyline i go to this endpoint move to the right type 2700 and draw this vertical line towards the opposite external wall then i click now when the object snap point perpendicular shows up then let's make the internal outline of the laundry room using the dimensions from the pdf file press enter to use the polyline again now i type 2050 millimeters to the right then this line has a length of 3400 the next i can hold that end point it's possible to do this even in the ortho mode then i go down and click on this intersection finally i'm going to connect to the end point after this i go to the lobby and i will make this side from here i draw 1700 up then 1400 to the left and for this line i need to add the width of the wall to 1650 the distance marked in the pdf and the total it's 1800 that's what i need to type let's now use the offset to the following the offset distance is the wall width 150 millimeters click on the line at the right of the garage and click again for putting a new line on this side next without pressing any key i offset the polyline at the laundry and then the other one here great so i can now press enter next i'm going to select these two polylines and by clicking on this script i can move this endpoint to the intersection on the one next to it when i click you can see this box that appears and why because there are two objects overlapped and the selection cycling is switched on the first polyline is the one that is now selected so i click and then i do the same action as before now as this process takes a few minutes and also because i think you will be able to complete the walls by yourself i'm going to fast forward it and focus only in specific details for example here i have overlapped lines but don't worry because we will delete all the duplicate objects at the end so if you think you will save time putting some objects above others it's okay for the moment then in the living room i put temporarily a thick wall dividing it from the next part of the house now i want to offset these lines but as i drew them with the command line i need to merge them to a single polyline that's simple we can do this easily with the command join then i'm going to offset the last object 150 millimeters to the right then draw the remaining walls all the dimension lines are available on the pdf file once i finish i'm going to use the command trim i click on the command select all the objects press enter and then i erase the segments that i don't need a good way to not forget to delete any lines is to start for example on the left side and go progressively to the right part after trimming all that i need there can be still some duplicate objects here on the modify panel i click on this arrow and find the icon delete duplicate objects i select everything and on this window i can keep the default options because all the objects have the same layer properties press enter and all the duplicate lines were erased okay before stepping forward to the next captor we have some dashed lines to insert here first i use the command line to draw them in their own place i select them and after i go to the layer properties and click on the option to change the line type for the layer walls currently there is just one line type available for this layer click on load to access more in all these options i'm going to select this one then i close the window with the line selected right click i go to the properties and i can now change the line type to the new one nice as you see now the lines have a dashed appearance the only problem is that it's a bit hard to see as it has a small scale so what i need to do is to change the scale to a bigger value here for example if i change to five i can see it better but let's put even a bit more eight now it's okay finally we finish drawing the walls and to make sure we are not going to modify these objects accidentally i'm going to lock the layer for now it's on this icon so as you see the colors now are darker i'm not able to modify anything in that layer although i can always select the objects or use its object snap points that can be useful to draw objects in another layers okay back on the layer properties let's create three new layers for the first i give the name of staircase the second doors and the last one windows oh as they are locked i have to select them and click here for now i'm going to set light colors for each of them as they are easy to distinguish on my workspace and don't worry because for printing purposes i will choose darker colors the next element that i'm going to draw is the staircase it's not hard but it has a couple of details first don't forget to change the current layer here to staircase that's very important then turn on the command line as the thread width is 25 centimeters go to this end point move up and type 250 draw a horizontal line up to the opposite wall next with the command offset i type o and press enter i can draw the other threads very quickly specify 250 for the offset distance click on the line then i can see on the prompt sentence specify point on site to offset or these three options i'm going to choose multiple type m and press enter to place several objects with a 250 millimeter distance between each other it's very simple i just click four times and press enter now i'm going to draw the railing this is very easy the first line is located at 50 millimeters from the wall i draw it vertically till the top and the second line also 50 millimeters but this time to the left of the first line then the last rises it's a bit more complicated but i will show you one of the several ways to do it i'm going to start with the vertical line which is where the staircase starts it's located at 1250 millimeters from the wall and the length of the line is a bit shorter just 870 millimeters and that is the run width of the first riser then i'm going to draw an arc using the start center and end points i click here for the start point the center i'm going to place it at 300 millimeters down and the end point i click here next i'm going to offset the arc with a distance of 50 millimeters to the other railing outline to draw the remaining threads i'm going to use the path array it's located here i select the object to array and then i click on the path and what happened more than 400 lines were generated because the spaceman between objects by default was set to 1 millimeter don't worry because if i click on this icon i can unlock the number of items and then i can set 5 which is the number that i want finally to distribute these five lines equally along all the path i have to change the option measure here and switch to divide now it looks better but before saving this array and check associative to not convert this to an array object now i just need to extend those lines to the walls i type e x and press enter select the boundary edges and then click on the lines to extend ah but i'm going to reactivate the command again to extend the lines also to this arc okay finally you can draw this inside of the railing as it doesn't have specific dimensions just do it how you wish it's not very important so to finish the stair i'm going to trim the line segments that are not necessary for example those ones inside the circle then press escape and delete those two lines and trim these parts of the railing get rid of this duplicate line press delete because there was another under it and to be more organized i select the objects and group them in the next captor we will create the windows and doors to insert them on the floor plan we are going to use blocks for that operation let's start with the window and it's very important that you jot the objects for your blocks in the layer 0. so i switch the current layer to 0. then i'm going to draw the window with the command line using the measurements available on the pdf file this line has the length of the exterior walls which is 350 millimeters then i'm going to make a horizontal line at 50 millimeters above the bottom and its length is exactly the length of the window i type 1200 as most of the windows in this floor plan have this measurement finally on the opposite side i will use the command mirror select the line go to this midpoint and make a vertical mirror line here for the remaining object i'm going to offset the horizontal line with the distance of 50 millimeters i click on it and copy it above now an important information windows and doors are usually representative elements of the floor plans the important thing is that the size of the gap to place them is correct now let's continue we want to convert a window to a single object as it will be much more comfortable for us to use it on the drawing and for moving and copying purposes basically i'm going to create the block go to the block panel click on create the block on the first blank i type the block name for example window then i click on this button to select the objects i'm going to open a selection through all the window then on base point the option specifying screen is ticked and it means that if i click on ok the program automatically prompts me to specify the base point it's simple so i choose this one for example and as you see the block is now completed to insert a window in the project first i switch the current layer to windows i go to this button insert a block and choose the window as you can see i can place the block anywhere on the workspace and it's also located on the layer windows you can see that change the color to blue but do you remember before i told that we should put the objects on the layer 0 for creating a block why suppose i have these objects in the layer staircase for example and i want to create a block with them i repeat the process as before and after finishing i select a block i change it to a different layer but you can notice that the color hasn't changed basically what really happens is the objects that compound the block stay on their original layers except if they were created on the layer 0 because actually the layer 0 is not a real layer now you can insert the windows on the floor plans without big issues but before i'm going to show you to add parameters to a block it's a very useful utility you will see in this case we will create a grip to change easily the size of the window and this kind of blocks are called dynamic blocks first we have to open the block editor we can click on this icon on the black panel and then select the window another way to access the block editor is select the block reference click with the right button and then click here okay now we are in the block editor mode here we can add or remove objects to our block and then all its block references on the drawing update automatically besides that we can add a new parameter from the ones in the panel at the left and don't worry because you will understand all these at the end i'm going to click on linear to add a distance parameter along the length of the window then a parameter by itself doesn't have a practical effect it's required that i associate an action to it i switch to the action tab and for this case i'm going to add a stretch to the parameter distance 1. select the parameter then specify the point to associate with the action i'll choose this then specify a stretch frame it's going to be all this part select all the objects except the first line also when you are selecting don't worry to keep the parameters out of the selection because they don't count press enter i save the block and close the block editor back in the normal workspace select a block and the distance parameter is represented by this triangle clicking on it i can change the length of the window by typing the new distance can you see it's so easy and practical to insert the windows on the floor plan i make sure that the current layer is windows then i go to insert a block and click on window to place the window on this room i hove this end point moved to the right and put it around here as it says 707 on the distance i type 700 just to look more organized and yes when looking at a pdf file you notice that i haven't put the precise locations of the windows and the doors in the rooms actually the purpose of this exercise is to make you decide to place these blocks wherever you want just imagine that you are the architect and you are creating this project of course when you draw the first floor you need to take in consideration the position of the windows here now let's continue with the other windows a method that i like to use is with the command copy use a window that's already on the floor plan it will make this process quickly ah it's better to switch to the polar mode here for being easier to move the windows around i put this window here now for example i type 800. important it's always good to have a window besides the drawing so i can copy it when necessary to place a window in the middle of the room i choose a base point in the middle then i click on this midpoint move it up and type an extension of 50. to place the window exactly on the correct location then you just need to continue putting all the remaining windows on the drawing just follow the pdf file on the side walls i have to make a rotation to the window i type r0 and press enter click on this point then rotate 90 degrees finally copy the window to the walls at the right for the windows that have a length different than 1200 use the stretch parameter to resize it okay before moving to the doors let's add a new parameter to the window block this new parameter will switch the window upside down i'm going to double click on one of the windows to access the editor mode and notice that all the blocks that have this icon are dynamic blocks this time i will add a flip parameter and this one has the same logic as the mirror command i specify this point as a reflection line and make it horizontal this parameter is called flip state 1. then go to actions click on flip select the parameter flip state 1 select all the objects press enter then i close the editor mode save the changes now if i click on any of the block references a new parameter is added to the window and look how i can easily switch the position of it now we are going to create the doors before creating a door block don't forget to set the current layer on 0 and start with the door frame you can follow the measurements on the pdf file or just make a different shape if you want here i use this intersection and then connect to the beginning then i draw a vertical line which represents the door itself the length is actually the door length millimeters for the door opening we need an arc and we are going to select the option start center end the start point is on the top of the line the center is here the point where the door rotates and for the end point i use the extension tracking and i click anywhere along this axis because the radius of the arc is already set but of course i need to switch the direction of the arc look at the command bar hold ctrl to switch direction i do exactly that wait and aha now i can click then i draw a support line here because it's going to help me on the next step which is with the command mirror i'm going to draw the frame on the other side select the objects that compound the frame press enter again and use the midpoint of the horizontal line to draw the mirror line okay i can delete the line if i want so once i complete the door i can convert it to a block like what we did for the windows let's this time do a different way select the objects first and then type b and press enter here i type the name click ok and select the base point ok it's done to edit the block i can select the door and with the right button i go to block editor that's another way so this time we are going to add two flip actions one will flip the door across the y axis and the other across the x-axis first finally i need the support line here then i click on flip and insert one parameter at the midpoint then switch to action click on flip select the parameter and after select all the objects now i need here a second flip state but this time i'm going to put it on this midpoint on the frame that will flip the door around the x-axis you will see i go again to action click on flip select flip state 2 and then select all the objects so once i finish i can delete the the line that i don't need anymore close the editor and save the changes now look how i can click on the flip actions to switch the direction of the door now let's insert the doors on the floor plan but first put it besides the plan and place it on the door layer then i can insert the door on each place and switch the direction when necessary for some of them you have to rotate the block reference the same that we did for the windows there i also need a double door on this floor plan we can use the same block copy it to a different place then i use explode to return to their former objects notice that the objects are back on the layer 0. that's why they changed to white color now i delete the frame at the right then with the command mirror i select all the objects and make a mirror line at this end point and the double door is finished then i create a block for this choose double door for the name and finally specify the base point then i can just grab the double door on the floor plan to finish the door captor change the opening of this door i explode this block reference use the command rotate select this line then use the reference for the rotation and click on both end points of the line so let's rotate the line more or less until here finally just use the command trim to delete the parts which we don't need let's learn to insert text i'm going to create a new layer for the text labels click on the layer panel with the right button go to new layer and choose a name then i keep it in white color so to write the labels in the rooms i'm going to use the command text i go with the mouse there and you can see two kinds here i choose single line text then i go with the pointer to the garage click roughly here for the start point then i have to insert the text height i type 350 in order to have the text with the same size as the exterior walls for the rotation angle i can type the angle of rotation or just place this dashed line on the direction that i want to type the text then i just type a text for this room which is the garage when i finish i need to click on a different place and only then i press escape now i can repeat the command single text again but this time i type a smaller text height for example 200 here i'm going to write the area which is going to be 12.42 square meters so after this i'm going to copy both texts to all the rooms by using this method this this can be a bit faster and then i just need to edit the text i double click on this object and change the name to its correct label which is kitchen then click on the next and do the same this one is the laundry okay after changing all the rooms i want to put the correct area for each of them okay i can copy all the areas from the pdf file that's true but i think it's better if you learn to calculate an area in autocad it's an easy process on the utilities panel click on the arrow below measure then go here to area to calculate an area i just draw a polygon and once i define all the vertexes i press enter and the area shows up on the screen so in this case it's square millimeters and you can see that it's a bit hard to understand as it has a lot of numbers to convert square millimeters to square meters we have to count six digits from the right and put a comma there then i can use the same process to calculate the remaining areas of this floor plan before starting the next captor i'm going to add an arrow to the staircase to indicate the direction that goes up to the first floor so as this is a group i can go to the group panel and click on the icon to ungroup then i click on the icon on the layer panel to isolate the layer click on any object of the layer staircase and all the remaining layers are locked to draw the arrow i start making lines from this right side of the stairs go horizontally to the left move down and draw until here then just draw a diagonal line from the last endpoint and then use the command mirror to draw the other side how to organize the layout tabs now let's learn how to prepare the layout pages to print our projects by default two layout tabs are included in our file and by the and by default they comprise everything that we have in the workspace then it's important to understand what's the size of this paper so with the right button we can go to the page setup manager and on this window we choose the layout tab that we want to edit for now i select layout 1 and click on modify so this is the page setup manager and there are some options to edit here on the first tab we can select a printer name or if we want to convert to a pdf file we click on this option dwg to pdf below we choose the paper size let's go with iso full bleed a3 remember iso is for the metrical system the units here are millimeters so full blade is a good option if we just want to convert to a digital format like a pdf it doesn't come with any margins however for printing it's better to choose the normal iso if i click on iso a3 these margins show up and then we shouldn't have anything outside this area they may not fit on the paper when we print editing layout objects on the page itself we have a viewport which is this rectangle here it shows what is the part of the model space that we want to print at this moment we are on the paper mode as it's indicated on the status bar we can move the paper zoom or draw objects if we print this layout this is exactly what will appear on the paper then we can double click inside the viewport to switch to the model space you can now see the same controls that we have on the normal workspace now pay attention to this each time that we zoom in or zoom out the scale of the drawing changes as you can see here however to set a precessive scale we should click on that arrow and select the scale that we desire if i don't find the one that i want in this list i can always click on custom and create it for this drawing i'm going to choose one per 100 now let's reposition the viewport on the paper i double-click outside to switch to the paper space then i delete this line with the command move i put a viewport a bit up then by selecting it i can resize it by clicking on the grips let's leave it like this the next step is creating the title block this is something i don't need to make on the model workspace as it's not actually a drawing i just want to put it in all the layout pages so i decide to create a special layer for it i go to the layer properties manager and add a new layer called title block now you can draw the title block with legend project information and so on here you can draw it by following the measurements available on the pdf file but that's something you can personalize by yourself title block first i'm going to draw the line at the left which is going to be the boundary the distance from the right is 60 millimeters here i press f8 to switch to the also mode and click on this point then we are going to insert text but this time i'm going to the annotates tab and click on this icon to access the text style here on this window i'm going to create two new styles but i want them to be annotative i go to new choose for the first one title block big then i tick on annotative and now in this blank i have to insert a paper text height that's the real size after printing it's exactly what you can measure on the paper i want it to be 3 millimeters then for the second style i put the name title block small and the paper text height 2 millimeters then i go to apply to close this window to start inserting the text for the legend i choose the style that i want type the block big so my text high is going to be the 3 millimeters then with the command single line text i go somewhere here click for the start point then i just need the rotation angle which is zero i draw a simply a horizontal line then i type the prompt to insert a client name with the multiline text now i insert the box for this corner until more or less here here is where i put the client name and the client address then i copy all these objects below and change the first text to john and the multi-text here to drafter name next i copy all together and edit them in the same way as it is on the pdf file the scale and date use the text style type the block small then then i insert a multi-line text with two lines scale and date then i draw a line at a distance of 40 millimeters to divide this part and another one here you can do it with the command of set another thing if you want to add the logo of a company and you have it in your computer as an image file you can go to the insert tab then attach an image select the image that you want this one then when i insert i specify the scale factor that i desire here i want it as 0.2 finally i move the block to the top and insert the text cad in black and to change the text height after making the text i go to the quick properties change the value here now i just move a bit to the left and the title block is finished ah there was a remaining line here add dimension lines to the floor plan in this viewport the dimension lines will look like this basically i want them to have the text height that is visible in the paper for that i need annotative dimensions let's go to the layer properties manager and create a new layer for dimension lines as you can see i have created this one dli go to the annotate tab and on the dimensions panel go to the dimension style manager choose the annotative style click on modify then here i go to the text tab i specify the text height as 1.8 and on symbols and arrows i specify the same value for the arrow size finally on lines i put a tick on fixed length for extension lines and set the value 3 millimeters then to add annotative dimensions i need to specify here the same scale of the viewport that i want the dimensions to show up one one hundred then i start drawing the dimensions on the floor plan i click on these two points for the first dimension then i move up and click again to place it as you can see the extension line have now a fixed length then to draw the dimension lines which are all together on the same side i click on this icon continue and the new dimension line starts from the last point so you can check how i can easily put dimensions here until i reach the other end when i finish i just press escape now oh i want to move the dimensions a bit up so to do that i isolated the layer dli click on isolate then in any object of that layer and use the command move for doing that now it's better important note with the function dim layer i can define a layer that will contain the new dimension objects that i create i specify layer dli and what happens is if my current layer is windows if i create a dimension line it's automatically placed within the layer dli let's switch again to the layout 1 tab you can see the dimension lines there because this viewport is with the same scale as the annotative dimension lines if on the other hand i would have a viewport with a different scale for example 1 per 50 the dimensions don't appear another curiosity here the dimension lines are in front of all the other objects how to bring them back select the dimension line then click with the right button go to select similar and this option selects all similar objects and in this case it's all the dimension lines then with the right button again go to draw order and click on send to back now all the dimension lines are under the remaining objects how to change the colors of the layers to print on the layer properties manager i can change the vp color which is the viewport color for each layer but of course i need to have the viewport active otherwise it will not work let's change the dli layer to gray then the windows wall stairs i want them to appear in black i choose this option white and white this one because this color is white on the model space and it turns automatically black when you go to the paper space so this is the result the floor plan with all the dimensions on this viewport now to finish this tutorial let's give to you a couple of tips lock the current viewport in this icon to keep the current scale so i can zoom and move without any issues it may look like that i am on the paper space but you can see that it says model here at the status bar and the controls at the top of the viewport then i can rename the layout tabs to be easier to recognize them for example this one i can name as ground floor a3 so it was the end of this tutorial to draw this floor plan then you can continue to watch the tutorial of the first floor by clicking on the video here also subscribe to the channel if you still haven't done it so you can access to all the tutorials of autocad for beginners thank you very much and see you on the next video [Music]

Channel: CAD in black

Views: 37,275

Rating: 4.9260502 out of 5

Keywords: autocad 2020, floor plan, project architecture, how to make a house plan, exercise for beginners

Id: wn1TT_-HpoI

Length: 54min 45sec (3285 seconds)

Published: Tue Aug 18 2020