Autism Representation in the Media

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I definitely see what they're getting at, but a lot of the time it seems like they're grasping at straws with those two.

That being said, if their presence does indeed help those who identify, who am I to judge?

👍︎︎ 3 👤︎︎ u/re-elocution 📅︎︎ May 05 2019 🗫︎ replies

Hey guys! /u/Obversa here! Some of you oldies may remember my post on identifying with Pearl as an autistic fan of the show here, which I made about 3 years ago. I was recommended Toon Ruins' video on "Autism Representation in the Media" today on YouTube, and I wanted to share it here, as I know there are also many autistic fans on r/stevenuniverse who would appreciate her video!

The video briefly covers several different autistic and autistically-coded characters, but focuses the most on Peridot and Pearl from Steven Universe. The videographer is also a passionate fan of the show, and has other great videos on it as well, which I highly recommend checking out!

👍︎︎ 7 👤︎︎ u/Obversa 📅︎︎ May 04 2019 🗫︎ replies

We all autistic now

👍︎︎ 1 👤︎︎ u/APr0N00b 📅︎︎ May 07 2019 🗫︎ replies
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(logo beeping) - [Lea] Hello everyone and welcome to "Toon Ruins." My name is Lea and today we're taking the time to talk about Autism Acceptance Month, which you may know as Autism Awareness Month. Now, for those of you who are subscribed to me and watch my videos regularly, you know that this isn't the type of video that I usually make. My usual content consists of theory and review videos about cartoons, mainly "Steven Universe." But April's a special month to me and many others. So I thought it was the perfect time to make another personal video like I did back when "Steven Universe" had its 5th birthday. And for those of you who don't know this about me, I'm on the spectrum. It's called being on the spectrum because there isn't just one catchall checklist for autistic people. For instance, one autistic person may have a problem with eye contact and communication. While another person on the spectrum may not be bothered at all by those things. It's called a spectrum because you can't put all autistic people into the same group because we aren't all the same. Just like everyone, we're individuals. We have our strengths and weaknesses, likes and dislikes. Just because we're autistic doesn't mean that we're suddenly all the same or fit into one definitive definition. And that's why today we'll be talking about autistic creators and characters, fitting with the theme of my usual content while also making informational video of sorts. And I hope that by the end of this video, that you'll have learned something or gained a better understanding of those on the spectrum. The first creator we're talking about today is Satoshi Tajiri. For those of you who don't know who Satoshi is, he's the creator of "Pokemon." Autistic people tend to develop something called a special interest where they become transfixed on either one or a few things. In Satoshi's case his special interest was insects and insect collecting. This special interest led to the creation of "Pokemon," since Satoshi claims he wanted something that brought joy to people the same way bug collecting brought joy to him. He also developed a special interest in video games while he was a teenager and began collecting them. Because of his love and extensive knowledge of video games, he wrote a fan magazine that was centered around games, specifically arcade games. The name of this fan magazine was "Game Freak." If this magazine name sounds familiar, it's because "Game Freak" would later grow into the video game company that has a hand in making the Pokemon games. "Game Freak" went from a magazine company to a game company in 1989 and soon after the idea of "Pokemon" was pitched to Nintendo. And that's how "Pokemon" became the behemoth of a series that it is today. Had Satoshi never been transfixed on bug and video game collecting, it's not too far of a stretch to say that "Pokemon" would never exist. Special interests in autistic people often lead to extensive knowledge on the subject that they're focused on. This is why Satoshi knew so much about video games and it's why he was able to successfully create "Game Freak." In other autistic individuals, having a special interest may cause them to excel far above their peers in whatever their special interest is about. For example, someone who is on the spectrum, maybe will tell you every little detail about how a complex motor system works if their special interest involves it. But on the other end, someone on the spectrum may have a difficult time motivating themselves to do something outside of their special interest. This may make them seem lazy or unintelligent, when in most cases, this is really far from the truth. For example, I frequently have a very difficult time making videos that aren't related to "Steven Universe." And if it wasn't already obvious, "Steven Universe" is one of my special interests, and it's actually my primary one. It makes it ridiculously easy for me to pump out a 10 page video script in under two hours. But on the flip side, it also makes it difficult for me to write a script of about the same size on something that I'm not incredibly interested in. This may make me seem lazy or unintelligent, but it isn't the case in the slightest. I just have a very difficult time focusing on things outside of my special interest. This is where a lot of common misconceptions about people on the spectrum start, but it really is just a case of people misunderstanding how the autistic mind works. A lot of the time we aren't unintelligent or lazy. We just find it more difficult to put all of our effort into something that we aren't interested in. More so than the allistic individual does. In simpler terms, we are masters of our trade and soar above our peers in that subject, but we have a hard time focusing on and succeeding on things outside of that. My advice to other individuals on the spectrum who have a hard time focusing on things outside of their special interest is to somehow involve it in whatever task needs to be accomplished. For example, I included "Steven Universe" in this script to make writing it easier. Another example would be if you want to improve your art skills but are having a hard time finding the motivation, that you draw one of your favorite characters or objects from your special interests. It will make the task that much easier. Another good thing to do is to motivate yourself by telling yourself that once you're finished with what you need to do, that you'll reward yourself by watching an episode from your favorite show or partaking in a related activity. It's important to reward yourself with your special interest, but also not allow it to dictate your day-to-day life. You don't want it to become debilitating. My advice to allistic individuals who have autistic people in their life is to encourage the passion and enthusiasm that the individual has towards their current fixations. Special interests are incredibly important to autistic individuals and act as a safety blanket for us. A lot of bonding can happen through partaking in related activities with the individual. For example, my mom and I are very close because she watches "Steven Universe" with me. Just listening to someone talk about their special interests could be a bonding activity and the person will greatly appreciate you listening to them. It's especially important for parents of children on the spectrum to encourage this behavior and support their child's interests, as it may one day turn into a profession if it's nurtured enough. It is important to note, however, that while you encourage them to share what they enjoy, that you should also shift the conversation to something that you enjoy as well. This increases social skills and is beneficial on both ends. Another example of someone on the spectrum who turns their special interest into a profession is Dan Aykroyd, who is the writer and creator of "Ghostbusters." Not only did he create the ghostly series but it was because of his love for ghosts and law enforcement, that it came to be. One of his special interest involved, Hans Holzer who inspired the idea of "Ghostbusters" in the first place. Dan also claims that his special interest in law enforcement is what helped the most in "Blues Brothers," since because of that he knew a lot about borderline sociopathic hedonist. Other examples of successful autistic individuals are Dr. Vernon Smith, who is a professor of economics at Chapman University, John Elder Robison, who was a successful book author, Clay Marzo, who is a professional surfer, Courtney Love, who was a lead singer for the band Hole, Sir Anthony Hopkins, who was an actor most famous for his role as Hannibal Lecter, Temple Grandin, who is a professor of animal science at Colorado State University, as well as animal behavior expert, and Tony DeBlois, who is a world famous blind pianist. There are many other autistic people who are both successful and well-known, but this is just to name a few. Another person that I wanted to put in the spotlight as well is Dan Harmon, who was the co-creator of "Rick and Morty" next to Justin Roiland. Dan realized that he may be on the spectrum while he was writing the character Abed Nadir from the show "Community." Since then, he's talked about his experience within the autistic community, as well as gone on to say that being on the spectrum isn't a disability or inhibitor, as people on the spectrum don't feel that they are negatively affected by it. In fact, in a lot of cases, people on the spectrum feel that it has the opposite effect. Instead, they state that they are only negatively affected by how people treat them for being different, which, honestly, this sentiment rings true to me as well. On the subject of "Rick and Morty" though, this is the perfect time to switch over from autistic individuals, to autistic and autistic coded characters. Like Dan Harmon, it's revealed in the episode "Rickchurian Mortydate" that Rick Sanchez himself is actually autistic. He may not be the best example of someone on the spectrum, but it is nice to see subtle confirmation on such an iconic character. - Is this game popular with autistic people? - Why would you say something like that? - 'Cause I'm starting to love it. - [Lea] Other canonically confirmed autistic characters are Julia from "Sesame Street," Parker from "Leverage Towns," Linderman from "Impulse," the blue Ranger, or Billy Cranston, from the 2017 "Power Rangers" movie, Abed Nadir from the "Community." Carl Gould from "Arthur," Brigid Tenenbaum from "BioShock," and Max Braverman from "Parenthood." While some of these portrayals are better than others, these are some of the canonically confirmed characters on the spectrum. Speaking on one of these characters I just mentioned as well, Carl Gould displays behaviors of having a special interest, like I mentioned earlier in the video. Carl's first seen special interest is trains, and he can easily point out the intricate details of the locomotives, and draw them accurately. He has also shown to have problems changing the subject away from trains, which is something I also mentioned earlier about special interests. His interest also changed from trains to rockets and spaceships by the episode, "Buster Spaces Out." Trains and space are a common fixation for people on the spectrum to develop, allowing Carl to be relatable to the young children viewers. That being said, there unfortunately isn't a whole lot of characters other than the ones that I've mentioned that have been canonically confirmed to be on the spectrum. There are a lot of characters that fans speculate and headcanon to be autistic, but they lack creator confirmation or an in-show statement. For example, a lot of people will agree that Sheldon Cooper from "The Big Bang Theory" is unquestionably somewhere on the spectrum. But when asked about it, the creators refuse to say if he is or isn't. So whether fortunate or unfortunate, depending how you look at it, Sheldon is in the headcanon list for autistic characters. There are a lot of characters that are headcanon to be on the spectrum. Some of which even being extremely well-known characters. One of the most famous headcanons in speculations is that SpongeBob SquarePants himself is autistic. People have pointed out that he's very hyper-fixated on his job at the Krusty Krab, is an excellent fry cook and knows about the job, gets upset and nervous when something doesn't follow a pattern, has a hard time understanding social boundaries and cues, laughs for no apparent reason, obsesses over even the smallest details, is best friends with his pet Gary, and has a hard time having more than a handful of close friends. These are all very obvious traits of an autistic person. And it's why a lot of people theorize that this happy-go-lucky sponge is on the spectrum. It would also explain why SpongeBob happens to be a pretty common special interest among autistic people. Another character that people headcanon to be on the spectrum is Dendy from "OK K.O.!" She has unusual speaking patterns, a very hard time making new friends and approaching people, doesn't understand a lot of social cues, appears to be apathetic when she isn't, has a special interest in Pow Cards, and happy stims by jumping up and down when she's happy or excited. A lot of people relate to Dendy and they find her to be a very positive form of representation, as her quirks aren't seen as something negative, but rather as something that makes her special. A similar character that is also headcannoned to be on the spectrum is Peridot from "Steven Universe." She is by far the one that most autistic people in the fandom relate to and there are a lot of reasons why. The first is that she takes everything literally, even after spending a lot of time on Earth and as a Crystal Gem. She doesn't quite understand jokes unless she's made them herself and will usually reply with a literal and unenthused response. She seemed to appear apathetic, when in reality, she just doesn't understand the situation. When it's explained to her in terms that she understands then she's able to fully understand the situation and becomes more empathetic to it. An example would be how Garnet explained Ruby and Sapphire's relationship through Percy and Pierre. She has a special interest in "Camp Pining Hearts," and it's why Garnett was able to get through to her using that analogy. Lapis watches "Camp Pining Hearts" with her. And since it's her special interest, it's a very good bonding activity for the two. This is why Peridot likely feels the closest to Lapis, since she takes the time to indulge in it with her. It's also been pointed out that she has a hard time maintaining relationships, accidentally hurts people's feelings and doesn't realize it, and hisses at people when she's overstimulated. There's also symbolism in Peridot's limb enhancers, and being an Era 2 Gem. Peridot feels that she's wrong because she seen to have a disadvantage and disability compared to the other gems, and it's why she's been given her limb enhancers. Because of that, she uses them like a crutch and is extremely upset when she loses them. She believes that without their help that she's useless. But through Steven and the Crystal Gems, she realizes that she's just different. She doesn't have a disability. She just has a different way of dealing with things and working around them. For example, she discovers that she has ferrokinesis when her tablet is in danger. Her discovery of her metal bending powers proves that she isn't defective, she just varies from the norm. Peridot is seen as a positive form of representation because she's an example of an autistic person who can thrive in a loving and supportive environment. When people take the time to explain things to her in a way she understands she's happier and so are the people around her. She's really come out of her shell on earth because people don't treat her like she has a disability. In stark contrast, when she was on Homeworld, she was terrified of messing up and she was incredibly unhappy trying to live up to their standards and expectations. This is a situation that's all too real to people on the spectrum. And it's why showing how she's thriving in a supportive and understanding environment, versus the one that she wasn't thriving in, is so important to a lot of people. However Peridot isn't the only one in "Steven Universe" who people headcanon to be autistic. While I personally identify and see a bit of myself in Peridot, the character I more heavily relate to is actually Pearl. Peridot has more visible traits of an autistic person, but Pearl has her fair share as well. And I saved this one for last since I identify more with her and can compare my personal experiences with hers. It's also interesting that there's two characters in this show who are strongly autistic coded, because it shows just how different people on the spectrum can be from one another. Like Peridot, Pearl takes things very literally. Jokes often fly right past her, and she doesn't catch that it's a joke rather than a statement. While the other Crystal Gems sometimes have this problem in not understanding human terms, it isn't ever as intense as it is with Peridot and Pearl. Most of the Gems understand jokes, whereas these two generally don't. This is one of the reasons why Pearl has such a difficult time dealing with Amethyst, because she doesn't really understand her actions or her comedic nature. She often reacts with anger or with reprimanding her. It isn't until recently that she better understands and is able to get along with her. I relate to this a lot because I oftentimes don't understand when people are joking with me. I can get defensive if I'm not understanding that it's a joke, or I can get irritable. This most often happens with my dad who has a similar jokester personality to Amethyst. They aren't mean jokes, they're basically just dad jokes that I don't understand a lot of the time. He often asks me, "You know, I'm joking, right?" Whenever he does them, and I can only assume it's because I'm not reacting the way he wants or expects me to. Over time, I've gotten used to, and started understanding that he's joking, but it took me a long time to grasp it. Another interesting point about Pearl is that she can get irritable when she's overwhelmed or overstimulated. Being overstimulated for an autistic person means that they are experiencing sensory overload. Now it is important to note that sensory overload isn't just exclusive to autistic people. However, it is seen in them the most often and causes more problems for them, as it takes less to set it off than someone who isn't autistic. Things that may cause sensory overload are lighting, smells, sounds, certain out of place or repetitive motions, and textures. It may also be as simple as an overwhelming situation where a lot of negative things are happening one after another, or where there's a change from a routine that they aren't expecting. If they fail to balance out the sensory overload, they may experience a meltdown, or they may stim to try and combat the overstimulation. Pearl often needs to plan out everything that she does to a rather meticulous degree, and shows a general distaste to going into something without a plan or an expectation for the outcome. She also tends to get overwhelmed rather easily and can react in a snappy or aggressive manner as a result. She has an obsession with keeping things in order and knows where to find all of her belongings without even thinking about it. She also has shown to have a hatred for food, which is something a lot of people on the spectrum struggle with. For me personally, anything slimy, bumpy, or seedy is enough to kill my appetite and make me gag. Something about the texture just makes me very unnerved and disgusted to a degree where I can't even look at seedy foods without feeling my skin crawl. Amethyst canonically eats a lot, and Garnet canonically eats occasionally. The other Gems, like Lapis and Peridot, haven't been seen eating, but they seem indifferent to food in general. Pearl is the only Gem who will go to any lengths to avoid eating, including forcing Alexandrite to unfuse in order to avoid it. Pearl also has actions that can be seen as stimming. Stimming stands for self-stimulatory behavior and is you usually use to combat overstimulation. Stimming behaviors include hand flapping, rocking, spinning general repetitive actions or phrases, hair twirling, or feeling certain textured surfaces. People on the spectrum may stim because they are excited, happy, anxious, overwhelmed, or because it feels comforting. Just like with overstimulation, this isn't something that is exclusive to autistic people. If you've clicked your pen repetitively, or bounced your knee, those are forms of stimming. You're likely aware of and can control these actions, whereas autistic people are usually unaware that they're doing it and they find it stressful or impossible to stop them. These actions are done to self-regulate and self-calm from overwhelming and strong emotions. Since people on the spectrum often suffer from sensory processing dysfunction which is what causes overstimulation to occur so easily. Though, contrary to popular belief, just because someone on the spectrum is stimming does not automatically mean that they're anxious. Stimming is for any overwhelming emotion, positive or negative. It's just a way to get rid of the excess excitement and energy that comes with these emotions, so that they aren't overstimulated. Some people even have specific stims for specific emotions. For example, I flap my hands whenever I'm happy or excited, I twirl the right side of my hair whenever I'm anxious about something. If I'm on the edge of a panic attack, I will either bounce my right leg, pace back and forth, or repeat certain phrases to myself until I calm down. A lot of times, I won't even notice that I'm doing these things until they're pointed out to me. Pearl has similar stims. Though most of her stims are in relation to negative emotions. Usually when she's angry or anxious, she can be seen grasping the fabric of her clothing and one way or another. She also sometimes will involuntarily cover her mouth or put her hands to her face when talking about something uncomfortable or stressful. While "Steven Universe" lore explains the mouth covering portion, it could also be that her mannerisms were planned out to match a theme. She also talks with her hands a lot which is another common action among people on the spectrum. Pearl also shows discomfort in physical affection when she's not the one initiating it. While a lot of people who are autistic love and crave physical affection, there are those who are known to react negatively to it. A lot of the time it's circumstantial as well, as they may just be uncomfortable with the person or situation that they're receiving the affection from. Pearl seems to be circumstantial in that she only likes hugs from those she's close to, or when she's initiating or expecting them. Pearl being autistic coded would also explain her inability to believe that Steven couldn't miss his mom more than her, because he never met her. Inability to understand people, even in similar positions, is something a lot of us struggle with. And it's something Pearl struggled a lot with in the past as well. And just like Peridot, Pearl is seen as defective. She's even been called defective multiple times in the show by multiple characters. Rose didn't see her like she came out wrong and it's why Pearl grew such a dependence and unhealthy attachment to her. Not only was Rose the first to treat her like an individual, but she was also the first to say that there was nothing wrong with her, she's just different. Other traits that land Pearl on the spectrum are her being the tech genius of the group, as is a common trait for autistic people. She has a large collection of swords and knows an obscenely large amount on Gem history. The interesting thing about Pearl and Peridot is that they're both representative of different types of people on the spectrum. Pearl is someone who's been around for a long time and has been reprimanded and told that her differences are bad for most of her life. Whereas Peridot is someone who has experienced those things, but not as long, or to the same degree. Peridot obviously loves herself and sees no problems in her differences, whereas Pearl is damaged and has a large self hatred for herself and her differences. Pearl sees her differences as a curse, whereas Peridot sees them as an advantage. Pearl and Peridot are two sides of the same coin. Peridot is someone who was caught early enough and given a loving and caring environment to reassure her that there was nothing wrong with her. Whereas Pearl was scolded and made to feel like a defect for the largest portion of her life. Peridot is more expressive, whereas Pearl is more reserved and often scolds herself for her reactions and feels useless and defective. It's also why she likely has more aggressive reactions, because she doesn't know how to deal with her emotions properly. She's gotten better, but it's taken a lot of unlearning and help from Steven to do so. While there are autistic people who are more easy to identify like Peridot, there are people like Pearl who you wouldn't know unless they told you. I actually fall into the Pearl category in this case, since a lot of my traits aren't very pronounced or visible. Usually if, and when, I tell people I'm usually met with a lot of disbelief and bewildered looks. If anything, I guess it really only proves my point that people don't really know a lot about this subject. And while Peridot and Pearl are aliens and likely can not be canonically autistic because that's a human term, I think that they're both pretty obviously autistic coded. But enough about these two, because I don't want more than half the script being about them. While these two are excellent examples of those who are on the spectrum, there's unfortunately more examples of bad representation. Now, if you've made it to this point in the video, you've likely noticed a trend. That trend being, most autistic representation includes some sort of genius character who is just quote un quote misunderstood and somewhat socially awkward. And unfortunately the most well-known characters who are thought or confirmed to be on the spectrum all fall under this category. Let's use some famous characters and their shows as an example. "The Good Doctor," "The Big Bang Theory," and BBC's "Sherlock Holmes." Now while Sheldon Cooper and Sherlock haven't been canonically confirmed to be autistic, these are the shows that most people think of when they think of autistic characters and representation. "The Good Doctor's," Sean Murphy is canonically on the spectrum and it's actually the basis of the show. There's many other shows like this where the main character is autistic and they're also some sort of genius that surpasses the intelligence of everyone around them. While it is possible for someone's high intelligence to be due to their autism, most of the time, this isn't the case. In fact, most autistic people are either of average or lower intelligence. The problem becomes that the media romanticizes the idea of autism being more of a super power, than actually giving an accurate representation of what it is and can cause. They focus on the very small percentage of genius people on the spectrum, while also completely skipping past the majority who are either of average or lower intelligence. You would think that something like all well-known autistic characters being geniuses is a good thing, but it really isn't. It's a harmful stereotype and it does more harm than it does good. While it is a positive trope, the media sets the standard extremely high for real life people. The ordinary person doesn't know much about autism. And I'm assuming that you yourself even learned a thing or two while watching this video. This means that people's expectations are formed by the media that they've consumed. When the media that they're consuming tells them one thing, and one thing only, then their standards and expectations for what someone on the spectrum should act like is set. Eventually these characters become a model neurominority and set the standard on how autistic people need to behave and be. Sociologists William Petersen coined the term model minority to describe the positively stereotyped demographic groups that achieve success despite marginalization. There's actually a very good and more detailed article about this that I will link below, but it's actually what I'm basing a lot of my wording off of because of how well it explains the issue. Essentially, shows like "The Good Doctor" create a false scale of importance. It alleviates some pressure from those on the spectrum with high intelligence, while excluding others who do not fit the idealized description. It creates a mythical autistic superhero who deceives the public by misrepresenting how disabling some symptoms of autism can actually be. This common trope also highlights and puts on a pedestal the false belief that autistic people only have value if they have savant skills that can benefit non-autistic people and offset their supposedly societal burden. "The Good Doctor" is again, a perfect example of this as Shaun really only exists to push this narrative and makes his coworkers feel good about giving him a job. While positive depictions can be essential to reducing the stigma, the majority who do not fit the media idealized definition are left behind. Autistic people who don't resemble the geniuses on TV, such as those who have visible and debilitating social and physical issues, encounter major barriers to self-advocacy and are virtually erased. Because of this people who aren't autistic have no idea how to actually deal with or treat autistic people. And it leads to the infantilization of people who are on the spectrum. Additionally, these depictions usually eliminate the ugly things such as overstimulation and meltdowns. This makes these things even more demonized and ultimately less understood. Meltdowns and overstimulation are completely avoidable, but only when approached correctly. These shows need to focus more on the bad and commonly unknown parts of autism to educate people on how to interact with individuals on the spectrum, as well as give them basic education on the subject. Things such as stimming aren't even common knowledge. And I'm sure are seen as bad, due to individuals being uneducated. Unfortunately, most people get their information from the media and entertainment they consume. It's time for us to change what the status quo for autistic representation is. So that life becomes easier for all of us. I understand that shows like "The Good Doctor" are supposed to be feel good shows that autistic people in a positive light rather than the normal negative one. And if you like it for that reason and change of pace, I don't blame you. I just think it's a problem that this is basically the only type of autistic character that is ever big in the media. While researching the subject, to make sure my facts were correct, I really only now realized how big the problem is. But to end this video on a more or less positive note, if you'd like to learn more about individuals who are on the spectrum and what that entails, I will be leaving resources below. If you'd like to donate to an organization that helps autistic people like me and many others, I will be leaving a link to the Autistic Self Advocacy Network, otherwise known as ASAN, below. As well as links explaining why Autism Speaks is a horrible organization that should never be donated to or supported. I could explain in this video but that entire thing is its own video in of itself and I don't feel like getting into that territory right now. And if you'd like to support me or my work, including videos like this, why not subscribe and hit that bell icon to get notifications of when I upload. You can also further show your support by pledging to me on Patreon. Every pledge enables me to keep making content comfortably and more frequently. Thank you so much for your support. And I will see you all in the next video. Have an amazing day guys. (gentle upbeat music)
Info
Channel: Toon Ruins
Views: 1,097,846
Rating: 4.8854737 out of 5
Keywords: lea c., steven universe, toon ruins, autism spectrum disorder, autism spectrum disorder symptoms, autism acceptance, autism acceptance month, autism awareness, the creator of pokemon was autistic, peridot is autistic, autistic cartoon characters, autistic representation, autism awareness month, carl gould, the good doctor, autism representation, autism representation in the media, famous autistic people, asperger's syndrome, sensory processing disorder, autism in the media
Id: aM9bZqyeX8c
Channel Id: undefined
Length: 25min 6sec (1506 seconds)
Published: Wed May 01 2019
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