American Red Cross Lifeguard Training (tape 2)

[Music] I don't feel too good are you okay I'm just feeling a little dizzy what would you like me to do I don't know excuse me my daughter's not feeling well and I'm not sure what to do I can help but first I need your permission yes that would be great I need to call our Father to see if he can come pick us up they're over there I'll stay with the girls until you return thank you so much can you recognize a possible illness or injury activate your facility's emergency action plan let your team know you are responding here comes a lifeguard now survey the scene as you approach the victim determine the scene is safe what might have how many victims are involved and if any by Anders can help hi there are you alright I don't feel too good do you know what happened well we were talking for a little while and then she started feeling sick what's your name Jessica hi Jessica I'm Melissa I'm a lifeguard is it alright if I help you always follow basic precautions to prevent disease transmission once you have determined that the victim is conscious and breathing and has no life-threatening conditions do a secondary survey to learn more about the victims condition to begin interview the victim and bystanders ask the she got off and then she had to sit back down because she was feeling dizzy I guess I was just dizzy for a while do you feel any pain anywhere on my knee which knee oh those bites look bad what happened I guess the bugs just really like me all right Jessica do you have any medical conditions or do you take any medicines no do you have any allergies no when did you last have something to eat or drink just a minute ago I had a hot dog and some soda all right Jessica could you look at me next do a visual head-to-toe examination begin it the face ears nose and mouth note the coloring of the face and lips look at the skin is it moist or dry pale or flushed work your way to the body ask the victim to shrug her shoulders good now could you take a deep breath and then let it out like this to check the chest ask the victim to take a deep breath then blow air out now could I get you to wiggle your good job Jessica and I were just talking trying to find out how she's feeling well I just called her dad and he'll be here in a few minutes I'd like to go meet him do you mind staying with Jessica oh not at all thank you so much they provide care for the conditions you find have the victim rest comfortably until she is well enough to leave or until EMS arrive and take over if EMS personnel take over be sure to share the information you have about the it may be very helpful especially if the victim becomes unresponsive before they arrive in review to do a secondary survey interview the victim and bystanders do you know what happened get any information from bystanders that may be helpful when you interview the victim asks the following questions do you feel pain anywhere do you have any medical conditions or take medication do you have any allergies when did you last eat or drink anything all right Jessica could you look at me do a visual head-to-toe examination provide care for the conditions you find when someone becomes not know exactly what is wrong by recognizing the signs and symptoms of sudden illness and acting quickly you can help save a life sudden illnesses include seizures diabetic emergencies stroke poisoning and allergic reactions victims of sudden illness may show a wide range of signs and symptoms a common sign of sudden illness is a change in mental state such as confusion dizziness or disorientation Jeff Jack Jack are you all right survey the scene to be sure it is safe follow basic precautions to prevent disease transmission I know first hey can I help you yes even if you cannot identify the specific sudden illness follow these general steps call 911 emergency number do a primary survey and care for any life-threatening condition a person is conscious but there you got sick do you know where you are continue to monitor the victims airway breathing and circulation watch for changes in consciousness EMS is on its way keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated don't worry help is on its way keep the victim comfortable and reassure the victim do not give anything to eat or drink unless the victim is fully conscious sudden illness can also occur in the water you may not know what is wrong with the victim once you recognize an emergency activate the emergency action plan caring for sudden illness will generally be the same for example if a person has a seizure in the water follow these steps call 911 emergency number a victim of seizure in the water may have aspirated water support the victims head above water until the seizure ends after the seizure ends remove the victim from the water as soon as possible provide follow-up monitor the victims airway breathing and circulation care for any life-threatening conditions during a seizure the body may stiffen and then convulse the victim may experience difficulty breathing do not hold or restrain the victim or place anything between the victims teeth remove any nearby objects that might cause injury in a diabetic emergency the victim may show signs such as dizziness disorientation or fainting deep rapid breaths or convulsions are you okay I'm diabetic my name is Catherine I'm trained in first aid can I help you yes I I need my medicine it's in my purse which pocket isn't it I'm the front one front one okay call 911 or the local emergency number if approached keep the victim comfortable and care for the conditions you find [Music] person having a stroke may show these signs and symptoms confusion dizziness or disorientation difficulty breathing paralysis to the face arm or leg usually to one side difficulty with speech vision or walking or severe headache a stroke requires advanced medical care immediately call 911 emergency number I know first aid can I help yes a person who has been poisoned or has an allergic reaction may show these signs and symptoms confusion dizziness or disorientation difficulty breathing coughing back pain abnormal pulse rate sweating vomiting or nausea all right we need to wash this out come with me if the person tells you they are allergic or if they begin to show signs and symptoms of poisoning or an allergic reaction call 911 should call 911 see number four sudden illness our if the victim is unconscious is unusually confused dizzy or seems to be losing consciousness has difficulty breathing or is breathing in a strange way has persistent chest pain or discomfort has persistent abdominal pressure or pain that will not go away is vomiting blood has seizures severe headaches or slurred speech or appears to have been poisoned sure review to care for a victim of sudden illness follow these general steps call 911 emergency number two a primary survey and care for life-threatening conditions watch for changes in consciousness keep the victim comfortable and reassure the victim keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated do not give anything to eat or drink unless the victim is fully conscious continue to monitor the victims airway breathing and circulation [Music] [Music] what happened a wound is an injury to the body's soft tissue the skin fat and muscles bleeding occurs when blood vessels or arteries are broken internal bleeding occurs inside the body it may be as simple as a bruise or as serious as a ruptured artery which cannot be seen a bruise is caused by damage to blood vessels in the soft tissue which results in bleeding under the skin external bleeding occurs when there is a break in the surface of the skin different types of injuries that may involve external bleeding include an abrasion is skin that has been rubbed or scraped away a cut may have either jagged or smooth edges deep cuts can damage nerves large blood vessels and other soft tissue a puncture is a wound caused when an object such as a nail pierces the skin and avulsion is a cut in which a portion of skin or other soft tissue is partially or completely torn away I want you to apply some pressure to that my bleeding is easily stopped with light pressure and elevation call 9-1-1 I have severe bleeding severe bleeding is only life-threatening condition be sure to call 911 or the local emergency number immediately take your hand place it over the cut and apply pressure when caring for any kind of bleeding follow basic precautions to prevent disease transmission to care for a bleeding wound first cover the wound with a dressing such as a sterile gauze pad apply direct pressure against the wound i've called 9-1-1 and they're on their way okay great let's get the chair elevate the wound above the heart elevate only if you do not suspect a fracture cover the dressing with a roller bandage use overlapping turns to completely cover the dressing secure the bandage by tying a knot directly over the wound if the bleeding does not stop apply additional dressings and bandages if bleeding still does not stop use a pressure point find the appropriate artery and squeeze the artery the bone squeezing an artery against a bone slows down the flow of blood beyond that point there are four locations on the body called pressure points that are commonly used to help control bleeding the pressure points for the arms are on the brachial arteries located on the inside of the upper arm the pressure points for the legs are on the femoral arteries at the front of the leg where the hip bends if the bleeding still does not stop continue to apply pressure and take steps to minimize the effects of shock any serious illness or injury can cause the condition known as shock shock is the body's natural attempt blood containing oxygen flowing to the most important organs of the body such as the brain heart and lungs signs and symptoms of shock include restlessness or irritability changes in consciousness pale ashen cool or moist skin rapid breathing rapid pulse a blue tinge to the lips and nail beds and nausea and vomiting take steps to minimize the effects of shock make sure 911 or the local emergency number has been called continue to monitor the victims airway breathing and circulation control any external bleeding keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated elevate the legs about 12 inches if you do not suspect a fracture or a head neck or back injury comfort and reassure the victim until EMS personnel arrive and take over to reveal and caring for a wound that is bleeding follow basic precautions to prevent disease transmission cover the wound with a sterile dressing apply direct pressure against the wound elevate the injured area above the heart but only if you do not suspect a broken bone or a head neck or back injury cover the dressing with a roller bandage and tie directly over the wound if the bleeding does not stop apply additional dressings and bandages if the bleeding still does not stop use the appropriate pressure point if necessary care to minimize the effects of shock until EMS personnel arrive and take over sunburned there are several different types of burns solar or radiation burns are caused by too much exposure to the Sun chemical burns occur when certain chemicals come into contact with the skin the electrical burns resolve to an electrical current such as from the power line comes into contact with the body all burns are caused by contact with extreme heat they result in damage to the skin and underlying tissue the severity of a burn depends on the temperature or intensity of the source of the burn the length of exposure the location of the burn the area and size of the burn the victims age and medical condition the severity of a burn depends on how many layers of soft tissues have been burned a superficial burn also called a first-degree burn may only affect the surface layer of the skin the skin is red and dry a partial thickness burn also known as a second-degree burn forms blisters and affects deeper layers of the skin the blisters may be open and weak fluid making the skin pure wet the full thickness burn also known as a third-degree burn is the most severe burn it affects skin and soft tissue down to the bone the skin may be brown or black with tissues underneath appearing white some burns can be life-threatening call 911 see number immediately if the burns appear around the mouth and nose or cause a victim to have difficulty breathing if the burns cover more than one body part or more than 10% of an adult's body surface if burns appear on the head neck hands feet or genitals if they are on a child and elderly person or a person with a medical condition or if there are burns resulting from chemicals explosions or electricity call 9-1-1 first thing we need to do is cool this burn to care for burns flush the burned area with cool water cover the burned area with dry sterile dressing loosely bandaged the dressings in place finally because any serious injury or illness can cause shock take steps to minimize the effects of shock and comfort victim just relax I'm gonna wait here with you until the paramedics arrive if a burn is caused by a liquid chemical flush the area continuously with large amounts of cool water continue flushing the burn until EMS arrives and takes over if the chemical is dry brushed the chemical off with a gloved hand be careful not to get the chemical on yourself or in the eyes of the victim if the burn is caused by electricity do not cool the burn or flush it with water cover the burn with a dry sterile dressing and bandage loosely take steps to minimize the effects of shock to review to care for a burn flush with cool water cover with dry sterile dressings bandage loosely and take steps to minimize the effects and rush dry chemicals off with a gloved hand do not use water on an electrical burn instead cover with a dry sterile dressing and bandage loosely look please injuries to muscles bones and joints can occur as a result of the accident some of your facilities my name is Brian I know first date yes as a lifeguard you need to know how to recognize and care for such injuries there are four types of muscle bone and joint injuries fractures dislocations sprains and strains it can be difficult to tell the difference between these types of injuries but the care you provide is the same immobilize and secure the injured area only if the victim must be moved and it does not cause further pain or injury please call 9-1-1 feel this if the victim is unable to move or use the injured area or if you suspect a head neck or back injury call 911 emergency number this is a sling this is place to care for a muscle bone or joint injury support the injured area above and below the site of injury splinting is a technique used to immobilize the injured area and keep it from moving for an arm injury a sling and binder can be used to immobilize the area above and below the injury splint the injury in the position you find it do not try to straighten or move the injury check for feeling warmth and color below the injured area your fingers if the injury is to a bone immobilize the joints above and below the bone to immobilize other common muscle bone and joint injuries use another body part to splint the injured area for example an injured leg can be splinted to the other leg a finger to a finger or an armed to the chest to immobilize an arm injury leave the arm in the position you find it to form a sling thread a triangular bandage under the injured arm and over the uninjured shoulder tie the ends of the sling at the side of the neck on the uninjured side place gauze pads under the knots to make it more comfortable for the victim bind the arm to the chest with a folded triangular bandage recheck for feeling warmth and color below the injured area continue to monitor the ABCs and watch for changes in consciousness if you suspect a head neck or back injury and the victim is on land stabilize the victims head by holding it in line with the rest of the body whether the victim is lying down standing or seated this technique can be used to help minimize further injury until EMS personnel arrive and take over by recognizing a possible head neck or back injury and acting quickly you may be able to here due to care for a muscle bone or joint injury support the injured area above and below the site of the injury splint the injury in the position you find it check for feeling warmth and color below the injured area immobilize and secure the injured area recheck for feeling warming and the color below the injured area remember to splint the injured area only if the victim must be moved and does not cause further pain or injury exposure to extreme heat can make a person ill but even when temperatures are not extreme a person can develop a heat related illness the risk of a heat related illness depends on the person's age physical activity general working or living conditions state of health and other environmental conditions such as wind and humidity heat related emergencies occur when the body overheats it is not able to cool itself effectively heat exhaustion is the most common type of heat emergency the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include cool moist pale flushed or ashen skin headache nausea dizziness weakness in exhaustion if not cared for promptly heat exhaustion can progress quickly to heatstroke a life-threatening condition the signs and symptoms of heatstroke are changes in the level of consciousness high body temperature red hot skin that can be either dry or moist a rapid or weak pulse and rapid or shallow breathing you okay times higher I've got a headache hmm my name is Luis I'm trained in first aid you know you don't look so well can I help you of course we need to get you out of the Sun to care for a victim of a heat related emergency move the victim to a cool place loosen or remove clothing okay it's kind of hot out here so probably help if you remove your shirt so you can cool down a little bit if necessary get the victim into circulating air and apply water with a cloth or sponge how you feeling yeah help if the victim is conscious give small amounts of cool water to drink want to relax now remember to take short sips you don't want to drink too much at one time and if you want you can take a little bit of that and kind of dash it on you just to kind of help you cool down and relax a little bit if the victims condition does not improve or if you suspect heatstroke call 911 or the local emergency number continue to give care and monitor the victim until EMS personnel arrive and take over to review to care for a victim of a heat related emergency move the victim to a cool place loosen or remove clothing if necessary get the victim into circulating air and apply water with a cloth or sponge call 911 C number if the victims condition does not improve or if you suspect heatstroke [Music] oh it's cold no it's fine [Music] that's great hon overexposure to cold can make a person ill even when temperatures are not extreme a person can develop a life-threatening illness called hypothermia susceptibility to hypothermia depends on a person's age physical activity general working or living conditions state of health and environmental conditions such as wind and humidity hypothermia occurs when the body can no longer keep itself warm and the body temperature begins to drop without proper care pulse and breathing will slow down and body systems will progressively fail it's very cold yes you could I get you to grab that towel and wrap it around her my name is Melissa I'm a lifeguard trained in first aid would it be all right if I helped your daughter of course alright sweetie what's the long exposure in water or wet clothing it can contribute to the onset of hypothermia signs and symptoms of hypothermia include shivering a slow irregular pulse numbness the glassy stare apathy or impaired judgment and loss of muscle control Courtney how do you feel alright Courtney can I get you to look at me this hypothermia progresses a victim may stop shivering or lose consciousness I think we need to get her inside where it's warm okay to care for hypothermia wrap the victim in dry clothing or towels as quickly as possible warm the victim slowly and handle her carefully if the victims condition does not improve call 911 see number take steps to minimize shock if necessary continue to provide care and monitor the victim until EMS personnel arrive and take over [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] [Music] head neck and back injuries rarely occur in a well supervised aquatic facility but injuries can occur from Falls collisions and headfirst entries into shallow water if you suspect a swimmer has an injury to the head neck or back you must use rescue skills developed specifically for head neck and back injuries because injuries to the head neck and back can result in permanent disability or death recognizing and caring for head neck and back injuries are important lifeguarding skills head neck and back injuries can result from a number of actions for example someone who dives headfirst into shallow water may strike his head on the bottom you should always suspect a possible head neck and back injury in the following situations any head first entry into shallow water any injury involving a diving board or water slide entering water from a height greater than the victims height a fall on land from a height greater than the victims height also look for signs and symptoms that indicate a possible head neck and back injury these include head neck or back pain loss of balance loss of body movement below the injury site difficulty breathing tingling or loss of sensation in the arms legs hands or feet bumps bruises or depressions on the head neck or back dizziness confusion or loss of consciousness seizures blood or fluid in the ears or complete or partial inability to move arms and legs if you suspect that a victim has a head neck or back injury activate your facility's emergency action plan this alerts other guards and staff to the emergency minimize movement of the victims head neck or back hold the victims head in line with the body this is called inline stabilization position the victim face up at the surface of the water so that the victim can breathe check for consciousness and breathing a victim who can talk to you is conscious and breathing move the victim to shallow water whenever possible immobilize the victim on a backboard and remove the victim from the water once the victim is removed from the water always follow basic precautions to prevent disease transmission such as using disposable gloves and breathing barriers there are two techniques you can use to minimize movement of the victims head neck or back while the victim is in the water the head splint and the head and chin support are two techniques used for victims who are face up or face down in the water use the head splint technique on a face up victim in shallow or deep water at or near the surface to perform the head splint for face-up victim in shallow water stand behind the victim's head submerge so the water level is at your neck grasp the victims arms midway between the shoulder and elbow gently place the victims arms alongside the head and squeeze them together this helps keep the head in line with the rest of the body reposition yourself to the victims side as you secure the head with the arms position the victims had close to the crook of your arm making sure that the head remains in line with the rest of his body maintain the victim in this position until help arrives you may also use the head splint technique for a victim who is facedown at or near the surface of shallow or deep water the head splint technique provides inline stabilization and turns the victim face up so that she can breathe in deep water use the rescue tube for support Lee first approach the victim from the side grasp the arms midway between the shoulder and elbow place the victims arms alongside the head and squeeze them together this helps keep the head in line with the rest of the body glide the victim slowly forward as you move rotate the victim toward you until her face is out of the water position the victims had close to the crook of your arm making sure that the head remains in line with the rest of her body maintain this position in the water until help arrives the other technique you can use to stabilize an injury to the head neck or back is called the head and chin support you can use it for victims who are face up or face down in the water you can also use it to remove a victim of head neck or back injury from the bottom of a pool approach a victim who is face-up from the side place one of your forearms along the length of the victims breath bar and grasp the jaw at the same time place your other forearm along the victims spine and grasp the back of the head gently position the victims head in line with the rest of the body it's alright more help is on the way for a victim who is facedown in the water this stabilization technique remains the same except you need to turn the victim face up in order for him to breathe approach the victim from the side and use the head and chin support to stabilize his spine move forward and rotate the victim toward you as you submerge maintain inline stabilization as you roll slowly under the victim surface on the other side bringing the victim's face out of the water keep the victim stabilized in this position until help arrives bring the back boy or a victim with a suspected head neck or back injury must be immobilized on a backboard before you can remove him from the water at least two lifeguards are needed to perform this skill but use additional help whenever possible there are several types of back boards and used today a back board may be made of fiberglass polyurethane or marine plywood they vary in size shape weight and buoyancy the straps that secure a victim to the backboard also come in different styles and configurations head immobilizers are attached to the backboard to minimize movement of the head and neck practice using your facilities back boarding equipment until you can maneuver it smoothly whenever possible immobilize a victim on a backboard in shallow water and bring the victim toward the side of the pool submerge the board and position it under the victim so that it extends beyond the top of the victim's head when it is raised into place when using the head and chin support carefully withdraw your arm from beneath the victim as the board is raised into place maintain your grasp on the chin with one hand and use the other hand to support the board from underneath the second lifeguard moves to the head of the board and rests the board against her chest grip the sides of the board between your forearms and place your hands against the victim's head holding it in line with the body the first lifeguard is now free to secure the victim to the backboard secure a strap high across the victims chest just under the armpits this helps prevent the victim from slipping down on the board during removal from the water place another strap across the hips be sure that the victims hands are secured under the strap either to the sides or on top of the body place a third strap across the victims thighs stabilize the head use a head immobilizer to secure the victims head be careful to keep the victim's head from moving as you place a pad on each side of the cell finally secure the victims head with a strap positioned low across the forehead bring the backboard when stabilizing a victim using the head split technique there are a few modifications in the back boarding process once the board is raised into place under the victim the second rescuer takes over inline stabilization using the head and chin support place one of your forearms along the length of the victim's breastbone and support the chin the other forearm supports the underside of the board the first lifeguard removes his arm from under the victim's head gently slipping it toward the head of the board the first lifeguard carefully places the victims arms at his side's he then rest the board against his chest and takes over inline stabilization the second lifeguard is now free to secure the victim to the backboard he's gonna be just fine once the victim is secured on the backboard worked together to remove him from the water lift the head of the backboard and place it on the edge of the gutter or deck the second lifeguard helps support the board while the first lifeguard climbs out of the pool the first lifeguard grasped the head of the board and the second lifeguard moves to the foot of the board on the first lifeguard signal both rescuers begin to slowly remove the victim the first lifeguard stands up and steps backward pulling the board towards him while the second lifeguard guides the backboard up onto the pool deck everything's alright if the victim is in deep water and cannot be easily removed to shallow water for boarding adapt your skills to immobilize and remove the victim safely to perform the head splint on a face-up victim in deep water approach from behind the victim's head grasp the victims arms midway between the shoulder and elbow gently place the victims arms alongside the head and squeeze them together this helps keep the head in line with the rest of the body reposition yourself to the victims side as you secure the head with the arms position the victims had close to the crook of your arm making sure that the head remains in line with the rest of her body maintain the victim in this position until help arrives if the victim is facedown at the surface in deep water use the head splint to turn the victim face-up keep your rescue tube in place for support can you feel like no [Music] if the victim is face-up at or near the surface in deep water keep your rescue tube across your chest and use the head and chin support to stabilize the spine if the victim is submerged leave your rescue tube at the surface into a feet first surface dive to reach the victim use the head and chin support to stabilize the head neck and back and bring the victim to the surface at an angle as you near the surface rotate the victim to a face-up position a second lifeguard can retrieve your rescue tube and place it under your arms to help support you and the victim move the victim to the side of the pool you're gonna be fine we'll put you on a boy okay to immobilize a victim on a backboard in deep water support the victim at the surface a second guard submerges the backboard under the victim when the board is in place the second guard moves to the head of the board supports the board on the rescue tube and provides inline stabilization of the victim's head once the victim is secured place the head of the backboard on the edge of the gutter or death the second lifeguard supports the board while the first lifeguard climbs out of the pool on command the first lifeguard grasped the head of the board stands up and steps back when pulling the board towards him while the second lifeguard pushes up from the water remember once you remove the victim from the water always follow basic precautions to prevent disease transmission provide additional care as needed [Music] [Applause] [Music] probably biggest difference is in large numbers that you handled in a pool setting you have a set number of people that are not allowed in your facility on a beachfront setting the numbers can go from 10 all the way up into 5 to 10,000 people all depends on the weather and what activity is going on it's important for a lifeguard to know where the shallow places are where the deep places are because people can walk out there would be shallow one minute and it could drop off immediately somebody might step off over their head but the river you have to take into consideration there is a current and a terrain is different there's lots of rocks and sticks or whatever underneath the water also there's more turbulence in the river compared to a pool it can create certain types of currents it's very tough to try to swim against them people just aren't strong enough to swim into the current and try to get back to shore you have to watch out for voters coming into the swim area this is actually supposed to be weightless area where no boats are supposed to come in and break awake and sometimes it'll happen and it's a big distraction [Music] whether it's a big one like I know a couple we've had a couple storms here that one Mantha skies blue in the next minute [Music] when people come out here they think it's just a lake and they can just do whatever because it's not a pool and they don't think they don't even notice it lifeguards on duty half the time [Music] and you get a lot of kids are coming here that it just here for the day they have a tendency to just hyperactive not really concerned about what the rules are and reminding them about the rules is the biggest thing yeah a lot of times you do get the impression that we're supposed to be the quote baby sitters of the beach I'll go right up to the child and say where's your mother and then I would go up to talk to the parent and said you know just ask her nicely or him nicely to come down you know and just keep an eye on your child well the area is definitely a lot bigger so you have to make sure that you cover your area and not only just your area but the other lifeguards and sometimes just the whole Beach idea is different different atmosphere big difference alcohol on the beach is a big problem it's not just sitting in the chair watching and putting suntan lotion on we hear that a lot and if people a lot of people say well we'd love to have your job I mean it must be really nice and it is it's a lot of fun I mean but it's also a big responsibility lifeguard it's serious but it's fun at the same time I recommend it it's a chance to work outdoors it gives you a great physical stamina endurance the whole nine yards I mean you get a lot from it [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] we pay attention to the Samaria the fishing areas the kayak and windsurfing areas and people on the beach safety of the people who are on the beach is one of the most important roles that a lifeguard can have always looking out for those people who don't know as much about the water is maybe you do everybody that we can see is our responsibility the basic surveillance principles of injury prevention and victim recognition are the same at a waterfront as they are at any other aquatic facility but at a waterfront changing water conditions large numbers of people the variety of activities water clarity and weather are just a few of the features that can make surveillance more challenge [Music] at a waterfront water conditions can change quickly wind waves currents and wakes from power boats can all cause changes in a waterfront swimming area lakes or outside environment like this can also be dangerous because of hazards such as wind today the wind is making a big turn and that takes some little kids under and you just need to be aware you have to take into consideration there is a current people that do come here they try to try and swim across it in it and then they realize they have to get back and the card they've never they never take the car into consideration either also there's more turbulence in the river compared to a pool because of the boats that do you travel by we can have a rainstorm Nora um it's not gonna send a wave down the river but the height of the river could go up within a day's time unaware of the gradual change swimmers could wind up in deep water where they were previously able to stand aquatic plant and animal life may also be a threat to swimmers [Applause] check the swimming area regularly for hazards if they exist try to warn swimmers before they enter the water and be aware that these conditions will change effective surveillance at a waterfront is also challenging because it is a less controlled environment than a pool crowds may be larger you may encounter swimmers who were under the influence of alcohol or other drugs non-swimmers may venture beyond the safety lines and children may play or swim unsupervised it was a little baby and her parents weren't watching her and she had wandered out in the water and kids they don't have any perception of you know depth or anything like that so they'll walk right on out over their head and I just happened to I just happen to catch a glimpse of her and she went under all right out and got her before achieving sucking water water clarity is still another factor in waterfront surveillance the clarity of the water can also be affected by the glare of the Sun other factors that will affect surveillance at a waterfront include the size and shape of the waterfront the size and shape of docks the types of activities that are taking place in the number of lifeguards available to cover the area [Music] like pools waterfronts you zone coverage to define the surveillance areas covered by each lifeguard on duty make sure you know the exact area you are assigned to cover you should be able to see your entire zone and everyone in it at all times you may also be responsible for responding to any incidents that happen within your view even if they occur outside the marked swimming area I'm always keeping eyes on people that are in canoes verbage sailboats it's just habit when you've been lifeguarding for a while so something you get used to watching everybody around you your facility may choose to set up an additional zone at the outer boundary of the swimming area maybe stationed in a boat or on a rescue board allowing you to be closer to swimmers who are at the far edge of the swimming area at some facilities personal watercraft are also used [Music] in CHEM settings where there is more control over swimmers there will often be a buddy system in place to help you keep track of each swimmer buddy systems are especially useful with large groups of children each facility has its own procedure for a buddy system but generally swimmers are classified by their swimming ability and assigned to swim in a specific area each swimmer is also assigned a buddy who will be swimming in the same area okay the next thing I'd like to explain to you is our board system now what you're gonna do with this board if you are a junior your tag is blue if you're an intermediate you're Tigers red QRS senior your tag will be white before you go out onto the H stock you were to come out here find your tag and move it over to the inside okay now when you come out of the water and you leave the dock you come over here find your own tag take it off and put it back over on the outside does everybody understand ok I'd also like to explain to you we have a buddy system here at Camp Anika now what you're to do when you're a call down to come on to the dock we will place you in a single-file line and we will count you off by buddies but III when you hear the lifeguard blow one whistle you will get into the water when you hear the lifeguard blow to whistles here to eat Italy find your buddy and get out of the water when you hear three whistles you could get back in [Music] each waterfront facility has its own unique set of characteristics as a lifeguard it's your job to know and understand these characteristics and to adjust your surveillance techniques according keeping your focus among the patrons and keeping your attention your eye on the water and all the potential hazards there may be and knowing that people are depending on me to be to be alert to be aware that's basically what's rewarding for me [Music] you either want to help people you want to prevent things or you just want to be helpful to anyone that you can I mean being a lifeguard has got to be the most important job around as far as I'm concerned [Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] most of the rescue skills you already know also work well in an open water environment however at some facilities the large size and design of the water front and changing water conditions make it necessary to use additional techniques and equipment [Music] most waterfronts have beaches that sloped gradually into the swimming area the entry you will use here is the run and swim it is important that you keep the area in front of the guard chair and the water clear because you must be able to respond quickly to any accident or anything that's going on if there's anything your way to slow you down that's a step slower you are to get into your victim lift your legs high to avoid falling to do this entry drop your tube as you enter the water when you can no longer run lean forward and start swimming it's important not to dive or plunge in open water it can be difficult to judge depth and see objects under the surface and you could be seriously injured remember you can get to the victim faster if you let the rescue tube trail behind you while you swim [Music] the waterfront there are several ways you can remove a victim from the water if the victim can walk use the walking assist place one of the victims arms around your neck and over your shoulder grasping his wrist wrap your other arm around the victims back or waist for support and maintain a firm grasp while you help him walk out of the water if the victim is unable to walk use the beach drag once you reach shallow waters stand up and remove your rescue tube out of the way so you do not trip on it firmly grasp the victim under the armpits and walk backward toward the shore what you really need to remember about the beach drag is to hold the victim securely in your arms and to use your legs and not your back the less pressure on your back the more secure you are with the victim and you're able to pull them in as quickly as possible it's always good to have an extra person there if you have it as you're bringing the victim out of the water the victim becomes heavier so the extra person there is there to help you support the victim as you're bringing them out of the water drag the victim far enough on to shore so that at least his head and shoulders are completely out of the water lower him gently to the ground and provide care [Music] while the rescue tube will still be your primary piece of rescue equipment at some water fronts you will also use a rescue board a rescue board is most valuable when there was a long distance between you and a swimmer who needs help using a rescue board involves learning a few skills the first is how to launch the board and approach the victim [Music] to launch a rescue board grasp it firmly on both sides at about the middle of the board and enter the water when you are about knee-deep in water lay the board down and push it forward alongside you climb on just behind the middle and lie face down paddle a few strokes and bring yourself to a kneeling position the way I prefer to pilot rescue board is from the kneeling position because basically it allows me to get to a victim quicker it's faster to paddle from the kneeling position and I can focus and concentrate on the victim it allows me to be a little higher than the water and I can see the condition of the victim as I get there with practice you'll be able to launch the rescue board and go directly into the kneeling position I found that rescue board can be a tough piece of equipment to master in-service training is not enough for me I have to get out and paddle the board practice paddle the board and also try and pile the board in different weather conditions because when the winds up and it chops up it's harder to use it's harder to maneuver and it takes practice to be able to really get out and use the equipment like you really need to alright okay here we go I'm gonna take it show come we'll help you on the board want you to help me pull yourself on the board to rescue a distressed swimmer approached from the side so that the side of your board is next to the victim grasp her handle wrist and slide off the opposite side of the board try to calm the victim as you help her reach across the board and hold on there are a couple of hints I can give to you when using a rescue board to go help a distress victim first is the rescue board your equipment I always keep it between you and the victim second is to talk to the victims of the entire process talking to them helps calm them down tell them what you're going to do and then help them back to shore kick to turn the front of the board also called the bow toward Shore then keeping the board as stable as possible assist the victim onto the board and have her lie face down help the victim to move slightly forward so there's room for you to climb on behind her be careful not to tip the board keep your legs in the water for stability and paddle back to shore [Music] when rescuing someone who is not able to climb onto the rescue board approach to the side grasp the victims hand or wrist and in one smooth motion slide off the board to the opposite side while you flip the board toward you her chest should be against the far edge of the board without letting go of the victim grasp the far edge of the board with your other hand kneel on the near edge of the board and use your body weight to flip the board and the victim toward you fleshing your knee up on the board allows you to use the knee plus your body weight to turn the victim and the board over a lot easier pull the victim's legs onto the board so she is balanced in the middle of the board with her head towards the bow climb on board from the back and lie between the victims legs keep your legs in the water for stability and paddle to shore you want to make sure that you place the victim into the center of the board this allows you to keep the best balance as possible so the victim does not end up back into the water and it also allows you to paddle the victim back to shore as quickly as possible [Music] if you find a victim in shallow water less than two feet modify the head splint technique as follows approach the victim from the side and move his arms slowly and carefully into position grasp his right arm with your right hand and his left arm with your left hand and secure the head between the victims arms after his head is secured begin to roll the victim towards you while you roll him to a face-up position step from the victims side toward his head lower your arm on the side of the victims that is closest to you so his arms go over the top of your arm as you step towards the victim's head you will now be positioned above and to the rear of his head maintain arm pressure against the victim's head during this maneuver [Music] every open water environment is different to be a successful waterfront lifeguard you must understand the characteristics of your waterfront you must also know your team's emergency action plans know the equipment at your facility and practice your rescue skills regular training is the most important thing we do if you're gonna be able to rescue someone you must be in condition just always have to be on your guard you're watching you're watching watching you don't is a lifeguard ever really want to have to make a save but you want to be able and prepared to be able to handle it when it happens we start with a major orientation training what the parts all about and what we have to offer and and all the fun things that are going to take place in summer and then we break it down we arrive and pools actually ride the attractions understand how they work and give them a kind of a practice session before we actually go into real operation and they show us the ins and outs of the position show us what we're supposed to do what we're responsible for all the all the things that go along with each attraction scanning the wave pool the areas where is most dangerous out here slides do a proper way of riding we check them off and everything make sure they're doing everything right we'll do a lot of in-service training once we actually get into the season one of the main things that a water park environment has its frequency of rescues teamwork is very essential on the average we use if I have three saves a day going in that doesn't include assists probably assists each guard maybe has three or fourth day of handing small children to dragging them to the shallow end and just helping people out people are here to have a good time you know people people spend a lot of money to come here and some people travel from miles away just to just come to our Park so you want you want to talk to them and make them feel like they're wanted here basically you're just trying to let the people in a facility have a good time without just getting hurt and that's what prevention is all about making sure they're following the rules a lot of times you have a language barrier we have a lot of foreign visitors here at the park so the communication between the guards and the guests are very difficult from you not share what language they're speaking sometimes you do the best you can a lot of times you have to use hand signals [Music] [Music] okay arms crossed legs keep crossing [Music] the basic principles of patron surveillance are no different at a waterpark than they are at any other aquatic facility your focus continues to be injury prevention and victim recognition but in a water park the large number of patrons and the wide variety of attractions adds significant challenges to your surveillance duties [Music] each attraction in a water park is unique the design the use of inner tubes mats and rafts the rules and the depth and flow of the water these characteristics change from attraction to attraction and may catch a patron off-guard especially a first-time patron or a poor swimmer in order to prevent a serious incident you need to know how each attraction works and where potential problems could occur [Music] [Applause] the most heavily used attraction in many water parks is a wave cool wave pools are zero depth floors meaning that the depth of the water gradually decreases from its deepest point at the head wall to its shallowest a depth of zero most wave pools have the capability of generating several different wave patterns each of these patterns will have certain points at which the water will be roughest we have the diamond pattern which has some middle wave which is the biggest and I can say I do look in the middle a little more a lot of people like to gather in that area whether we breaks and I say potential for a lot of people are flipping off with their tubes and busting their heads they catch the tube and it'll ride them all the way back to the shallow Ward and somebody can be sitting there and they just run them over waves are not on continually they run in cycles on for a certain amount of time then off giving patrons a chance to rest but rest for the patrons does not mean rest for the lifeguards that's probably the most dangerous time period is after the ways to stop the first couple of minutes people that are out there have been out treading for 10 minutes they're all going to be tired no even good swimmers many people that can't swim get pushed out by the waves to the deep end of the pool and once the waves are off they try to start paddling to the shallow end and you just have to be careful listen watch I see what's going on learn the characteristics of the waves generated in your facility and adjust your surveillance techniques accordingly while you are scanning a wave who will watch closely for patrons who may either drift unknowingly or be caught in the crowd and pushed into deep water also watch for children who cling to the walls of the wave pool wave action could push them against the wall causing injuries or pull them away from the wall and into water that is too deep for their abilities some poor swimmers and non-swimmers may rely on tubes to stay afloat they are likely candidates for rescue if they fall over or get knocked off even in shallow water large numbers of inner tubes crowded together bobbing with the waves and bouncing off each other limit visibility [Music] you will be more alert and more able to respond by standing up whenever the waves are on on the busy days when you have so many tubes out there and you can't see and you just got to step up a level to make sure that everyone is safe lifeguard chairs at some wave pools are equipped with an emergency stop button pushing the button before you enter the water to make a rescue stops any additional ways from being generated making the rescue easier at most wave pools there will be a lifeguard stationed at the shallow end of the wave pool in the shallow end you should watch carefully for patrons who may be caught off guard and knocked over by a breaking wave or children who may wander down the slope into water that is too deep if the pool is crowded an additional lifeguard may be placed in the water usually in the deep end zone coverage in a wave pool will be determined by the size of the pool the number of patrons and the number of lifeguards on duty [Music] [Applause] a much calmer attraction in many water parks is the winding river patrons float slowly along on inner tubes sometimes going through waterfalls and tunnels or under bridges a winding river is usually not very deep and patrons are often tempted to engage in horseplay stacking inner tubes flipping them over and jumping or diving into the river can cause injury bad incidents can happen in calm areas just as soon as they can happen in their really rough area those kids will see it up on the side of their tube and that seems to cause problem because they'll fall off headed backward a young man who fell off his tube and hit the side of the wall we have a lot of trouble with people trying to jump in because the stairs do tend to get crowded pay close attention to the entrance and exits warn patrons to be careful and be ready to assist them if necessary be especially aware of what is happening on curves or other blind spots between your station and the station on either side of you zone coverage for a winding river is generally set up to accommodate the shape of the river lifeguard stations are usually located at entrance and exit areas as well as various points along the rivers path in some cases you may need to walk back and forth make sure you are providing complete coverage for your zone yes there are blind spots on the river and that's why we paced the way that we do to try and cover those blind spots and that's why we have the guards placed in the places that we do so that we can get maximum coverage on the river [Music] a waterpark may also have a variety of water slides some are enclosed in a tube some are open on some patrons ride on inner tubes another's Mets and others may use no equipment at all some slides end and catch fools others in a run out with the end of the slide levels into a flat trough filled with water lifeguard stations are located at the top and bottom for the slide and communication between these lifeguards plays a vital role in effective water slide surveillance surveillance for water slides includes much more than watching patrons come down the guard stationed at the top of the slide has dispatch responsibilities these dispatch responsibilities include making sure that patrons meet height requirements ensuring that each patron knows how to use any equipment on the slide and making sure that they know how to ride the slide correctly [Music] The Dispatch Guard also is responsible for sending patrons down at safe intervals the amount of time you allow before sending the next feature down varies depending on the type of slide on some you will wait for a signal from the lifeguard at the bottom telling you to dispatch the next rider on other slides you may have to count a certain number of seconds between riders or wait for a rider to pass a certain point on the slide before sending the next person this patch is controlled by time basically to keep the guess far enough apart so they don't run into each other so they don't present a problem at the bottom of the slide when visual communication between the top of the slide and bottom is difficult or impossible slides are equipped with electronic signaling systems that will cue you when to let the next rider go it's a to process communication system we have a red and green light system at the top of blue Niagara where the guard will see a red and blue light the red light is always on until the guard at the bottom presses a button by pressing that button that activates the green light and it tells the guard on top that the coast is clear at the bottom of blue Niagara watch patrons as they go down the slide to make sure they are riding correctly if you see any reckless behavior such as unnecessary twisting and turning the tents at stopping or switching to a headfirst position alert the lifeguard at the bottom of the slide so the patron can be corrected before the next ride when you are stationed at the bottom of a waterslide be alert for warning signals that may indicate a problem with the patron who is on the way down if the slide empties into a catch pool the depth of the pool may vary according to the type of slide most catch pools are three to four feet deep while others may be deeper water rushing into a catch pool may create currents which are capable of knocking patrons off-balance and in some cases might even hold a child or weak swimmer underwater to be safe The Dispatch Guard will provide a special signal to alert the catch blue guard that a small child or weak swimmer is on the way down watch carefully for anyone who becomes disoriented when they plunge into the catch pool even in shallow water a disoriented patron can quickly become an active drowning victim basically it's people getting turned over in the splash pool and getting disoriented and when they're disoriented they don't know which way is up a lot of times they'll come down and they'll not be expecting the water to be as deep as it is and they'll come off of their tube or they'll hit the water and they may know how to swim but it's just the depth of water just surprises them and then the currents add to that fact and then it just kind of puts them in a panicky situation you are also responsible for making sure the patrons exit the ride safely some slides have steep slopes and lighters may reach speeds of over 35 miles per hour there are generally no curves or turns in this type of slide but it may have small hills or Rises some of these steep slides are nearly vertical the steep angle gives riders the sensation of falling as they leave the starting gate [Music] make sure each patron gets into the appropriate writing position for the particular ride making sure each patron is in the correct writing position helps ensure a safe ride instead of catch cools these slides are designed with a run out the end of the slide levels into a flat trough filled with just enough water to slow the rider to a stop worn riders to step carefully over the side of the run out and be ready to provide assistance once the rider has stepped safely out of the run out you can signal the guard on top to send the next patron down [Music] [Music] play areas are another popular feature in many water parks miniature versions of slides are often combined with fountains play equipment in structures designed for climbing be aware that small children climbing around on wet surfaces are often at risk of falling your facility may also have a variety of other attractions that require specific surveillance skills learn the characteristics of each attraction and know the kind of problems to anticipate before you take your place at a lifeguard station when you are guarding at a waterpark keep in mind that many of the people visiting the waterpark are not accustomed to moving water or currents and may not even know how to swim it's your responsibility to help keep everyone safe by knowing how each attraction in your facility works and how to provide the most effective surveillance possible from every station in the waterpark [Music] [Music] the hardest thing is just watching making sure you watch you never want to take your eyes off the water your water is their number one concern anything can happen all the time you can't ever let your guard down [Music] [Music] [Applause] it's gonna be okay the rescue skills you already know also work well in water parks just as some attractions present unique surveillance challenges some others require you to know additional rescue skills and techniques [Music] add attractions with sufficient water depth you should enter the water using the compact jump especially if you are entering from an elevated station or head wall if you're stationed at the deep end of a wave pool and need to enter the water during a wave cycle try to time your jump into the crest of a wave to cushion your entry because guests and inner-tubes are moving with the waves choose an entry point where you will not collide with any [Music] [Music] if your station is at the shallow end of the zero-depth pool use the run and swim injury hold your tube and excess strap in one hand and run into the water on your way out you want to make sure that you're getting your knees high as high up out of the water as possible and clearing your feet out of the water so that you don't trip and fall when you can no longer run place your rescue tube across your chest lean forward and start swimming never dive or plunge into the water [Music] [Music] at attractions where you are stationed in or near shallow water you will be able to help most patrons using a simple assist always keep your rescue tube between yourself and the victim who needs help reach across the tube and grasp the victims armpit to help him get his balance and we simply go in and give them a hand coming out of the water the exiting rides are just coming up onto the beach area you can also use both hands to grasp his armpits and help them stand up a lot of times someone will enter a Catchpole and because of the unknown depth whereas they've been in the slide it's been nice smooth ride all the way down all sudden they hit water that they don't know how deep it is I've become disoriented and they simply need to helping hand to find which eyes up ones Goes Down [Music] there are three ways to get a victim out of the water from the shallow end of a zero-depth pool if the victim can walk use the walking assist [Music] place one of his arms around your neck and over your shoulder grasping his wrist wrap your other arm around his back or waist for support and maintain a firm grasp while you help him walk out of the water [Music] if the victim is unable to get out of the water without assistance use the beach drag do not use this technique if you suspect the victim has a head neck or back injury once you reach shallow water stand up and move your rescue tube out of the way so you do not trip on it firmly grasp the victim under the armpits and walk backward toward the shore if another lifeguard is available to help you can each grasp one side of the victim and continue the removal [Music] drag the victim far enough onto the shore so that at least his head and shoulders are completely out of the water [Music] two lifeguards can also use the front and back carry to remove a victim from a zero-depth pool do not use this technique if you suspect the victim has a head neck or back injury once the victim is in waist-deep water move your rescue tube out of the way and reach under the victims armpits grasp the victims wrists your right hand grasping his right wrist and your left hand grasping his left wrist cross the victims arms across his chest [Music] the second lifeguard stands between the victims legs facing the same direction as you and the victim she grasps the victim around the knees working as a team lift the victim and carry him out of the water when you're out of the water bend your knees and carefully lower the victim to the ground [Music] the techniques you have learned for caring for head neck and back injuries in a pool can also be used at a water park but caring for head neck and back injuries in winding rivers slides with catch pools and speed slides because of moving water confined spaces and extreme shallow water introduce additional challenges [Music] final get her back forward [Music] the current in a winding river may apply pressure that causes further injury to the victim's body the current may also push the victim into other patrons or into the walls but you can make the current work for you [Music] right [Music] keeping the victim's head pointed upstream into the current will help keep the rest of her body in line once the victim is properly positioned the BAC boarding procedure can begin in a catch pool at the bottom of a slide rushing water can create turbulent currents and surface motion but it can also create eddies areas where there is very little movement on the surface of the water when there is only one slide emptying into a catch pool the calmest area is usually in the center of the pool when more than one slide empties into the same catch pool the calmest water is between two slides or along the pools edge [Music] when you suspect a head neck or back injury in a catch pool provide inline stabilization and move the victim to an eddy where the water is less turbulent and less likely to cause further injury as you provide care in a catch pool you'll want to move the victim to calm water to get them out of the way of anyone that might be coming down behind them it's also better for the stabilization of process to take place in calm water [Music] okay sir managing a head neck or back injury in a speed slide is challenging because of the confined working space begin by applying inline stabilization additional lifeguards Neil along the outside edges of the slide lifeguards place their hands beneath the victim with arms and elbows inside the slide on command lift the victim just enough so another lifeguard can slide the board under the victim slide the board from the victims feet toward his head making sure that the board extends beyond the top of the victor shell and the straps are not caught underneath maintain inline stabilization at all times probably the most important part is lifting the body before the board is placed under the victim hand placement and moving the victim slowly and as a unit and as a team very important you want to minimize the movement of the body as you're lifting up to the board can be placed underneath lower the victim onto the board and place the straps on top of the victim's body at this point you can proceed with securing the victim to the board as you would in any other situation secure the chest hips and thighs then secure the victims head [Music] [Music] you want to keep the head as stable as possible and make sure that the head mobilizers are touching the shoulders and are next to the ears once the victim is secured carefully lift the board out of the slide and carry the victim to safety you need to have one person communicating making sure everybody's lifting at the same time pausing and then stepping out of the slide and making sure that they all work together as a team and move the victim and not one person moving by themselves [Music] if you find a victim in extremely shallow water less than two feet modify the head splint technique as follows approach the victim from the side and move his arms slowly and carefully into position grasp his right arm with your right hand and his left on with your left hand and secure the head between the victims arms after his head is secured begin to roll the victim towards you step from the victims side toward his head and turn him face-up lower your arm on the victims side that is closest to you so his arms go over the top of your arm as you step toward the victim's head you will now be positioned above and to the rear of his head maintain arm pressure against the victim's head during this maneuver [Music] although most of the help you provide for patrons at a water park is in the form of simple assists you could just as quickly be called on to rescue a drowning victim or provide care for a victim of head neck or back injury to be a successful lifeguard at a water park you must be alert and prepared for any emergency that might occur know the characteristics of each attraction at your facility and practice your rescue skills on a regular basis I feel that in-service is very important for a lifeguard and I think it's something that everyone should be required to do by their areas but also I think is something that everyone should take onto their own hands quiz yourself goes through the motions go through the scenarios that's going to help you when the accident actually happens [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music]

Channel: Vintage VHS Archive

Views: 5,732

Rating: 4.8596492 out of 5

Keywords: american red cross, lifeguarding, lifeguard, lifeguard training, first aid, cpr, swimming

Id: TF-P6upyTWs

Length: 107min 50sec (6470 seconds)

Published: Fri Nov 16 2018