A History Teacher Reacts | "The War of the Bucket" by Oversimplified

hey youtube welcome back to another history teacher reacts video with mr. Terry is and continue my quest for historical knowledge here on YouTube alright a new video from oversimplified has just released a few hours ago and it's kind of everybody's favorite channel so we're gonna definitely check this out so this is called the war of the buckets so they're getting out there right and trying to find you know differently more interesting stories out there on the Internet as they've done a lot of the major kind of conflicts and a lot of the major concepts in history and it's kind of neat that they're they're going out and trying to find you know other stuff outside kind of the the mainstream history that people in the general public are usually made more aware of all right before we start the original video BD will be down below make sure you go and check that out like and subscribe the oversimplified Channel it's an awesome channel and they definitely deserve your your your support their love to have you as a subscriber here if you like the idea of a history teacher checking out videos on the internet love to have you aboard all right well let's go ahead and get started with this thing the war of the buckets let's do it hey you yeah me and you merch available now including a supremely uncool t-shirt and a glorious new character pin link in the description down below all they're already marketing in the bucket or one you gather round I've got some good news and some bad news did you say good news and glad news no I said good news and bad news very bad news a word on the street is there's gonna be a horrible plague coming in from Central Asia in the next couple decades that'll wipe out half of Europe what's the good news do you have a cure please say you have a cure no even better the good news is we've got a new bucket yes City well now okay the plague right this is gonna be probably 13 30s probably right here you know it was definitely making its way from Central Asia is facilitated by the boom of trade connections as a result of the mail the Mongol Empire and it's making its way now yeah of course there wasn't as much of the heads up and a full like full full knowledge of what this thing was going to be like but I love the foreshadowing they're doing here we first need to talk about this guy he's the man with colon the host with the most he's wholly lowly he eats ravioli with the white cassock matching Pellegrino and the most tasteful of fringed fascias come on y'all know who I'm talking about it's the Pope the head of the largest religious organization in the world but what if I told you he wasn't let's get this guy didn't get the Hat huh possibly you know that the church has had a history of although being very stringent and a lot of things has also had a history of course of adapting to local cultures you know some for so for where this guy might be from it may have some different stylings when some of these other ones and maybe for more traditional Catholic communities so or or he just need forgot his hat bad boy powerhouse he's often thought as today that's right throughout history the papacy often found itself forced to wrestle against adversity in opposition to return especially in the Middle Ages least Pope's for example suffered under the brutal persecution of the Roman Empire and many ended up martyred such as Pope Clement the first who was ostensibly thrown into the sink with an anchor around his neck on the bright side however he's not the patron saint of fishermen the persecution finally ended the Pope still found himself being heavily controlled by secular kings and nobility for over two centuries the Byzantine Emperor basically decided who could become Pope then came a Rihanna point during what has been called the Dark Age so yeah that was one of the the differences of authority between East and West what happens with the yeah with the church in the West and the church in the East especially before the Great Schism in the 11th century that kind of made the official split between Western kind of Roman Catholicism and then Eastern Orthodoxy the Emperor right Byzantine Emperor out east was somebody that could was a political leader as well as kind of seen as somebody that could appoint religious leaders as well so kind of taking control over church and state so yeah that's what they're saying you know like like with with the choosing alright so we got the Dark Age say cool an obscure um nice got some some Latin there a period where noblewomen controlled the Pope through how should I put this feminine charm it was around here that one infamous Pope John the twelfth took office this bad boy would hold how should I put this naughty no closed parties in the Lateran Palace in the Middle Ages this is one of the the big criticisms that a lot of the purists in the church had was how seemingly immoral some of the clergy had become when during these time periods of kind of living a different standard when what the role of these these people are supposed to be right so and this is also the high you know part of the height of the era when Pope's were also did have a lot of secular influence but yeah living these the kind of other lifestyles that didn't seem becoming of what Pope was supposed to be and living this celibate life but there were a lot of popes that end up having like fathering children and that sort of thing and almost blending it into like a traditional monarchy in a way so this was some of the the big stuff this is before the Protestant Reformation too and a lot of these grievances for the morality of the clergy was really coming to question but that won't start for over a hundred years I mean there's reven says about it but like the formalized Protestant Reformation Martin Luther and all that it's going to be you know in the 1500s though how should I put this naughty no closed parties in the Lateran Palace and apparently this would even happen come on Zeus give me a six gambling did I say or other gods Thor rather Egyptian Sun God dangit who is it we worship perhaps you should read this in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth Wow this is why from the 12th eventually died exactly how he lived caught in the act by an irate husband who picked the Pope up I heard that story I made sure that the Pope's might have been you know cheating with with other people's wives but there was a Pope thrown out the window Wow when I'm trying to make here is that often the Pope was a very weak and corruptible figure and was regularly used and controlled by secular leaders as a tool to increase their own power for sure whose and there was certainly an element of that in the year 800 well it's in the West especially once the Roman Empire in the West when the Roman Empire collapsed there was definitely a centralized power vacuum I mean it's the feudal era so you're gonna get the rise of the different states and stuff the Franks and etc here's the Middle Ages are gonna progress but without some of that check political check in power these Pope's wielded incredible secular influence right because there's not as much of an authority to check that you know I mean where as again opposed in the East they're gonna continue with an emperor and leadership but their church will definitely have oversight when the Pope and the kingdom of the Franks were good BFFs and king of the Franks Charlemagne was like there we go being king of the Franks is nice and all but I want more legitimacy and also to become the continuation of the Roman Empire so what Sam returned for my protection you crown me Emperor so everyone will respect me more sure thing pal we'll hold the ceremony tomorrow Charlemagne king of the French Christmas shown you emperor of the West I I was not expecting this at all what a surprise the Franks had before this converted to Christianity which was a really important moment for the history of Christian be in the West because they were one of these kind of descent of Germanic tribes right and they originally had not been you know Christian you know this same ancestor these tribes that the ones that that over and the the Roman Empire right and when they converted to Christianity the Franks were probably the most powerful the best most powerful Kingdom in all of Western Europe at this time so when you have this conversion of them to Christianity and with them very much being like conquerors and become very devout Christians I've heard of Charlemagne I'm ever in school being told that you can almost think of him like a Christian warlord in a way and spreading Christianity almost basically by force and Frank's were very influential to in defending against the push of other religions like Islam and this gained them a lot of favor of course with the Pope who saw them is kind of like protectors of Christianity out in in Western Europe so the this crowning of Charlemagne is is going to be kind of emperor of the Romans right was definitely probably a sign of gratitude from the Pope and also marrying basically military political leader with the religion is going to become a very especially potentially a very unifying force right with a kind of Holy Roman Empire right that's a little bit background with that but I like how they're playing like oh like Nikki wanted this to happen and he's acting all surprised we'll look at the last few seconds here again what a surprise I simply cannot accept oh okay then I guess I'll just put this back over here give me that clear right yeah he was all about us certainly an historic moment but it also created a bit of an interesting problem it set the precedent that from here on out only the Pope could crown an emperor but the Pope was also very much under the influence and control of Charlemagne if they get along and this is working here but this becomes a major major issue between the Emperor and the Pope right I mean first off this guy Charlemagne is not a Roman and does not really even rule over Rome right I think the whole like Holy Roman Empire title you know was was far more a name than actual practice because it sure sounds a lot more powerful right but yeah the Holy Roman emperors really never a Roman and that definitely happened here but this whole relationship it looked like on paper was gonna be like a good symbiotic relationship but many Pope's and many of the Emperor's did not get along and both saw each other getting in the way of their own politics their own religious things they tried to you know influence each other and kind of step on each other's toes so this relationship didn't always work so who really held the power here the Pope or the Emperor I'm sure that this conflict won't cause anyone to die bishop of rising we want to thank you once again for visiting our wonderful city it's been an honor the pleasure is all mine and what a wonderful tour it's been I've seen the city walls I've seen the towers nothing could top that couldn't it because we've saved the best for last pocket today yes that's very interesting isn't it the greatest thing you've ever seen I mean oh it's the significance oh they offended the bucket I think we're gonna have issues look how angry they all look but I'm Charlemagne's position as Emperor and the kingdom of the Franks gradually evolved into the Holy Roman Empire and by now the Pope and the Emperor weren't such good friends anymore since neither could agree on who was the boss of who to make matters worse the Emperor had taken to investing his own bishops and Abbot's what does that mean well allow me to explain the problem for the Holy Roman Emperor was his empire wasn't really an empire so much as a nightmarish Federation made up of hundreds of counties duchies bishoprics and more you've heard the the famous saying for Voltaire right the Holy Roman Empire is in their Holy Roman or Empire this is a little bit about what they're talking about here right it's neither of those three things right it's so much more in name than it is actually in practice as they're explaining right here the prince is in charge of these local regions often didn't give the Emperor their loyalty the German nobility spent a lot of the time battling against the Emperor and the Emperor spent a lot of his time trying to put down those rebellions can we get rid of them who all the nobility get rid of them and pick new ones who are loyal to me you can't just remove noble families from their territory okay how about this some of those territories are ruled by bishops and Abbot's and as Holy Roman Emperor considered by many to be the deputy of Jesus Christ himself perhaps you can choose who gets to become Bishop and Abbe gotta sell it now it's time to turn out the lights and go to sleep okay I love you okay good night so it was the Emperor invested his own family and loyal followers into powerful Church positions and thereby was able to increase his own power and authority not only that but the Emperor and other nobility we're also engaging in something called simony that's when someone would come along and say hey I want to become a bishop and get all the personal riches that come with the position perhaps we could come to some kind of exactly by positioned that's right Church positions were actually being sold to the highest bidder this sends I've you know these these these things about this okay it's selling of offices and then yeah the ability of for appointing bishops and stuff because it's a being a big issue at the investiture controversy about who where should this roll over this appointing of officials come from should be a church thing or should it be a secular you know thing by Emperor or whatever or princess and became a very divisive thing one of the key things that was dividing the whole Roman Empire in the church and let me tell you they probably didn't come cheap it's gonna cost you a lot more than this I don't think so I've got a promo code and speaking a segue do you like free money I know I do I really like it and that's why I use honey honey is a free browser station that automatically finds the best promo codes whenever you shop online for free this means you always get the best deals without even trying on over 20,000 sites like Amazon eBay a sauce and more I haven't looked up your promo code some pizzas after a long day of animating it's currently costing me a hundred and thirty dollars oh hello honey you have a voucher for me you say oh nice I saved $31 78 cents and all I did was click there is absolutely no reason not to use honey for everything you buy online it's free and literally takes two clicks to install get honey for free at join honey calm slash oversimplified that's join honey calm slash oversimplified and as always by using my links you'll be supporting my channel so thank you now where were we oh yeah investing bishops and Abbot's selling Church positions authority and power wait a minute this is the private e the purpose of the church isn't for him to increase his own authority in power it's for me to increase my own authority and power what about Jesus your holiness what exactly the purpose of the church was to spread the good message of Jesus Christ how drunk are you very all right the results for the election of chief magistrate are in Giovanni KaBlam II 1% spaghetti Jeff to person and the bucket one trillion percent around here 10:50 wait over there name bucket what were their names like the results for the election of chief magistrate are in Giovanni KaBlam II just one blam me spaghetti Jes bucket one trillion percent around here 10th in a series of reformist popes came along and they said enough was enough they wanted to stop the Emperor from abusing the church and investing his own church officials how are you gonna stop me so long as I have control over who becomes Pope remember this circular power division if you try to stop me I'll just oppose you and pick someone else oh no I've contracted tuberculosis uh-huh and just like that the Emperor was dead his six year old son Henry the fourth took over and as we all know child Emperor's equal-opportunity the church had an opening to take back control of the PLC payment roll over I mean but we're changing the rules said that only the Church of Cardinals can elect the Pope and you no longer have any say in the matter you know if that's cool with you I peed my pants okay great talk then with the position of the put a little more secure he held a big meeting where he drew up a big list of all the reforms and new powers he was giving himself and it included some pretty gnarly stuff okay first I have the power to depose emperors everyone cool with that yeah let's see only I can deposed or reinstate bishops yeah all right no one can judge me all princes shall only kiss my feet only my name shall be spoken in the churches my name is the only name in the world okay I think these were all some pretty radical powers that Pope was giving himself and what these reforms the Pope was basically telling the Emperor you no longer have the right to choose your own bishops and Abbot's only I can do that when the Emperor now a full-grown man heard the news he was furious remember the bishops and Abbot's have a lot of power right in the hole like feudal system they're very high in social status it comes with a lot of control over wealth and land and that sort of thing so it's a very powerful thing and that's you know definitely why I think the like the Emperor and the princes or whatever or how you just had this this issue of who could who could hire them because you want the since that person was getting very powerful you wanted that person to be of course loyal to you so it may seem like man that's just like who cares about that position but it is a big deal what this is madness who does this guy think he is I'm the Emperor for goodness sake he can't tell me what to do I'll invest my own bishops and Abbot's if I want to and this rapscallion can go right to heck I peed my pants again escalated when Henry the fourth went to the Pope and said hey guess what sucker you're deposed you can't deposed me you're deposed yeah wait a minute I'm the Emperor you can't deposed me we got a problem here minute eventually the German princes took advantage of the situation and they all turned against Henry Henry was forced to apologize to the Pope and the whole thing ended there except it didn't the whole conflict known today is the investiture controversy would continue on for centuries as Pope's and emperors engaged in a power struggle over the Emperor choosing his own church officials the overall result of this conflict is very intricate and full of complexities but in general the Pope was able to increase his authority great news your holiness you're influencing a lot out of us there at civilized Europe except for this one city in northern Italy really what's going on there as for the Emperor I found his room thrown into further chaos in civil war as the local princes continued to increase their own power and independence this was most notably the case in northern Italy separated from the rest of the Holy Roman Empire by the Alps the Emperor's influence and control over Italy had often been questionable the most common case these Italian city-states began operating almost entirely independent their practical independence was further solidified when Emperor Frederick Barbarossa came down in 1176 to try to reassert his control the cities formed an alliance and with the Pope's support they kicked the Emperor right back to Germany hooray said the Italian city-states we did it where the yeah the best different yeah you're not really the emperor of Rome anymore right I mean it kind of never were but now at least out of the Italian regions today and Holy Roman Empire much more a name than than anything else best of friends way let's go back to this pic the Emperor right back to Germany hooray said the Italian city-states we did it we're the best of friends and then they immediately began attacking each other oh why well this whole Pope versus Emperor thing in Italy at least had infiltrated society to it's very core across Italy families and cities were torn between two opposing sides on one side the Guelph's who supported the Pope's cause on the other the Ghibli's who supported the emperor these two sides struggled for control as Guelph cities battled against Ghibelline ones as usual personal interest played a pretty big role as Pro pub 12 cities tended to be rich mercantile ones who didn't like the Emperor's taxes Emperor some Italians on the other hand were often agricultural or the expanding people's states were a larger threat these cities would sometimes even switch sites depending who is in charge and their ever-changing play Smash Bros in some cities the streets as opposing families fought for control at times the conflict became so downright silly my love I can't bear it we must be together but how can we my Ghibelline family wears feathers on the left side of their caps and your Guelph family wears them on the right incompatible ting family cuts fruit straight down and your Guelph family cuts fruit crosswise these are arbitrary differences we shouldn't let them tear us apart we can be together no matter what our families thing wonderful news let's make a toast to our love I'll drink from my Ghibelline smooth goblet and I shall drink from my Guelph chaste goblet in particular that got caught in a long-standing rivalry was the emperor supporting Madonna and the Pope supporting bucket-loving Bologna these two cities had bad blood between them wait what do they say under Bologna wearing bucket-loving both home to the world's most amazing wise gracious honorable bucket they gonna tie in a little bit more about the bucket right I mean obviously it's a but much bigger contextual thing right but the bucket Vilonia these two cities had bad blood between them as they had already fought against each other on a number of occasions in 1249 the two sides took part in the battle of for salta after which the victorious Balinese wants the live donkey into medina to humiliate them for decades at whoa the two sites would occasionally take little day trips into each other's territory and mess things about a bit in the fateful year of 1325 the Balinese went on one such trip and laid waste to some farmlands the ruler Medina passerine idibon a coal sea was having none of it the Balinese had two major forts protecting their city in the southwest it's a passerine Oh in retaliation decided to take an army down and lay siege to one of them hey you dirty Balinese jerks you think you can raid our farmlands come out here and face me like a man hey man what's up I just come out to let you know that there's no need to see just because whoa hey man chill out I'm trying to tell you whoa stop doing that I'm trying to tell you I'm actually secretly sympathetic to the imperial cause and I want to willingly hand the fort over to you oh cool okay dude is that for for betraying your people press is for joining mine the Balinese were pretty unhappy to lose one of their main defensive forts but to make matters worse then this happened hey wait a minute Oh where's the bucket oh no it's gone do those realities must have taken it will make them pay this is unacceptable they may take our lives they may take our fort but they will never take our bucket oh wait here it is I found it guys it's right here phew could you imagine if we started a war over that that would have been really stupid and there probably be a billion videos about it on YouTube one day thank goodness it never actually happened that's right the famous story you may know about the War of the bucket that the war started because Matt Dennis stole Bologna his bucket doesn't actually seem to be quite right I was surprised to find that the bucket was likely not actually stolen at the start of the war and at this point I want to think and give a big shout out to fellow history youtuber and lazer he's the one guy found who actually translated a fantastic original Italian source and then kindly allowed me to use his work in my own research he does awesome we need more people like this on YouTube and we really do it's really well researched and in-depth videos and definitely deserves way more subscribers so please head on over and check him out the real reasonably you know people people doing the real kind of research you know out there and transcribing that that's so important good luck to check that out for sure it seems to have declared war on Medina is simply that they both hated each other supported opposing factions the Pope had pulled on guelph cities to attack Pass Arena and Bologna wanted its fort back and they were gonna get it back Bologna had a large force much larger than what Medina could muster up so they felt pretty confident they sent half their force to lay siege and take back the fort and the other half took defensive positions to prevent the modernise from crossing the river the smaller modenese force were struggling to find a place to cross so one night they were like hey guys look out we're attacking way up here in the north better move your troops how would you look at that that was easy and just like that the modern E's were across the river the Balinese were probably expecting the modern needs to come and break their siege but instead the modern ease went for the second port at sapa lee no baloney couldn't afford to lose both of its defensive forts so the entire Balinese force moved to take defensive positions at sapa lee know when the martinis arrived it was already late in the day and there were about two hours of sunlight left in most medieval battles at this point both sides would set up a camp rest for the night and prepare for battle the next day but the outnumbered modernise decided the only way to win was to deal a quick decisive blow while the Balinese were still unorganized and unprepared and that's exactly what they did they charged that the Balinese line and the two sides engaged in fierce combat then the sneaky martinis filled what must be the most predictable yet somehow consistently surprising move in medieval later they sent the cavalry around the side and hit him from behind bing bang bong the Balinese went on the run with casualties in the thousands medina had won and the modern ease cavalry chased the Balinese cavalry all the way back to the city after Madonna's victory they went on a tours the Balinese countryside burning some stuff down along the way when they reached the city itself instead of laying siege they set up a camp and basically held a massive party for three days the defeated Balinese could only sit back and watch as the modern ease force began packing up and getting ready to leave and they noticed something my gosh hey check this out wait are you kidding me they're still using traditional Wells hey you dumb Balinese ever heard of an artesian well yeah even get water out of the ground without using a stupid bucket it's not a stupid bucket it's a wonderful bucket yeah whatever bucket boy we're taking this with us uh oh Souma Dennis stole balloonism bucket and put it up on display in their Cathedral eventually moving it to the City Hall where it remains on display to this day all realities came to a peace settlement of a few months later Bologna would have to pay heavy war reparations and in exchange Madonna would return all conquered territories Madonna kept the bucket despite being one of the bloodiest battles in medieval Italian history it didn't really change anything except now Madonna had Bellinis bucket as for the larger power struggle between the Wow and the Holy Roman Emperor that would continue on for some time and played a part in many major events of medieval history Oh once I was like oh they know when these videos are coming out of there like way in advance the great brexit [ __ ] nice area51 raid oversimplified PewDiePie vs. t-series oversimplified nice such as the Crusades the Protestant Reformation eventually leading to the general separation of church and state we see in Europe today so there you have it we learnt about the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor the investiture controversy and finally the War of the bucket it's been a long day and it's time to turn out the lights and go to sleep ok I love you ok say you back [Music] awesome oh man how were simplified so great there it's so cool and I love how they're able to make these stories so they're entertaining and informative and they they seem to be getting funnier as they go on to it it's great they're kind of getting into this you had Wester controversy something that's not talked about a lot and I don't know the role this this war the bucket is kind of a an effect of that but it does make it it does make it jump out a little bit so that was great however they were real to do that so that's great I'm so glad they still make videos you know I know they take such a long time for them to do because the production's about you know our production values are very good and take a lot time for the animations and then the research and stuff like that so that's awesome so when they come out that's that's such a cool thing I know so many who are big fans and I am and I am too in fact it's the first videos that I did on this channel were from oversimplified so if you haven't seen those I've done videos I believe for all of them now so definitely check those out if you're looking for some commentary on some of these other awesome videos that they did all right just reminder that the original videos is down below so make sure that you go like and subscribe over to their channel if you have not subscribed oversimplified I don't know what you're waiting for but be sure to give them give them support because they absolutely deserve it thanks for everyone that's been subscribing and liking videos here and really appreciate all the support it's been awesome a few plugs on the way out if you haven't joined our discord server we have an active discord server of a lot of history fans there will be a link down below it's a great way to communicate with others in the channel and stay a little bit more connected that way also if you would like to support in other ways you may join and definitely invite it to join the patreon right now one of the perks of joining the patreon is to participate in polls that get videos kind of fast track to getting on this website so it's a way to get a little more influenced and right now it's set to people of all donation levels or pledge levels are able to participate in that further ways you can look to support the channel look down in the description and I really appreciate that but first and foremost thanks for being here following along with their journey it's great to have you along with the ride here all right with that we'll go and end it and we'll say goodbye bye

Channel: Mr. Terry History

Views: 594,300

Rating: 4.9028306 out of 5

Keywords: react, history, war of the bucket, investiture controversy, oversimplified

Id: 442-VZEsqy0

Length: 32min 20sec (1940 seconds)

Published: Sat Sep 21 2019