9.3.4 Packet Tracer - Data Center Exploration - Physical Mode

data center exploration physical mode data centers are often referred to as the brain of an organization storing and analyzing data providing communications both internally and to clients and providing the tools necessary for research and development activities the data center must be constructed in such a manner that it can securely and efficiently provide its full range of products and services regardless of what catastrophe occurs there are many different systems that go into the construction of a data center but for this activity we shall concern ourselves only with the networking components data centers can range in size from only a few servers to housing 100 or even thousands of servers whatever the size the data center must be constructed in an extremely organizated manner to simplify management and troubleshooting of a complex environment another design characteristic is to make the data center more robust by using redundancy to eliminate any single point of failure this could involve adding extra devices to provide physical redundancy and or using technologies such as foodshop residency protocol fhrp and link aggregation to provide logical redundancy in this packet raiser physical modes most of the devices in the toronto and seattle data centers are already deployed and configured you have just been hired to review the current deployment and to expand the capacity of the data center one in toronto explore the characteristics of a small data center explore physical layout how is the branch office physically connected to the data centers okay on the left you have data center number two is seattle on the right toronto data center number one and winnipeg on middle winnipeg it's the branch office but double click on seattle now you can see this is the building data center 2 that's why i said seattle data center 2 click here back level toronto double click data center one is in toronto so that's why i set toronto data center one back level and click on winnipeg the branch of his building is in winnipeg but the question is how is the branch office physically connected to the data centers now you can see uh okay but level you can see two fiber connections from winnipeg one goes to seattle and another fiber goes to toronto okay and cable type is fiber cable length 4956 meters okay and double click on winnipeg click on branch office building click on wiring closet on branch office and you can see the edge router edge router on branch office and two switches each router has two connections one connection to dc to a router okay from h router that is this router and this connection goes to dc to dc to a router dc2 belongs to data center 2 so is a data center on seattle okay and this another connection goes from this edge router and goes to dc1a router and dc1 belongs to data center one one toronto okay dc1 a router place it on toronto so how is the branch office physically connected to data senders the branch office is connected through redundant fiber links to the data centers the branch office edge router connects to dc1a router on data center one on toronto and also edge router connects to dc to a router place it on data center 2 on seattle providing a redundant connection from the branch office to the data centers what logical configuration in the branch office provides redundancy okay click on the edge router click here command interface enter enable show running config to build the configuration of this router and now you can see these study groups these static routes the destination is 172.1600 and goes through these netshop ip address but by default the metric is one for this and this another static route that is a floating static route the same destination 172 1600 use and use another nets hop ib address and the metric is 10 okay the same way with this another destination study root and floating static roots the same configuration with this another with this another destination and if the this is the preferred link and if the link of this study group fails the floating static route will take place okay what logical configuration in the branch office provides redundancy residency is provided with floating study routes on the edge router to data sender to if the main link to data center one fail how is data center one connected to data center two okay [Music] back level back level and you can see this black cable okay between seattle and toronto it's a black cable but the cable type is fiber so take a look go to seattle double click data center 2 data center 2 ok this connection goes to edge router this connection goes to dc1b router so dc1 is placed on toronto data center one is toronto this another fiber goes to dc1a router so is dc data center one on toronto this another cable goes to dc one a router this data center one on toronto and this fiber goes to dc1b router data center one on toronto okay back level and click on the rondo data sender data sender this is connection to edge router okay this goes to remember you are on toronto data center one so this cable goes so in this case the destination is dc2b router place it on data center 2. displays it on seattle this fiber goes to dc to a router data sender to seattle this the destination in this case is dc2a router the data center 2 in seattle and this cable goes to dc to be router data center two in seattle how is data center one connected to data center two data center 1 and data center 2 are connected through redundant fiber links dc1a router connects to dc2a router and dc1b router connects to dc2b router how are the devices in data center one physically organizated okay this is toronto this is a data center one place it in toronto enter here again now you can see rock zero rock one rock two rock three four four rocks now you will see that the resonant links between switches the connections between switches with redundant links two connections also the connections from switch to router using redundant links and also the connections to the servers with redundant links okay two connections who are the devices in data center one physically organizated the devices are organizated in an extremely logical manner into redundant rocks so if any rack fails the rodent rocks can compensate one of the main design feature of the data center is to standardize on equipment layout so that you have a flexibility and are not limited by equipment layout those the data sender to equipment layout differ from data center one okay back back but click on seattle there's under two click okay the same configuration the same layout so the answer is no data center 2 follows the same principles as data center 1 for equipment layout why is the physical organization of the data center devices important the clear and consistent layout of resonant physical devices helps with data center flexibility troubleshooting and management a logical equipment design prevents the equipment layout from limiting the usefulness and efficiency of the data center explore the naming and addressing conventions in both data center 1 and data center 2. how are the devices named on the data centers okay for example in this case this is rack number one this is dc2 this means data center number two rack one and this is switch a this another is data center number two rack one switch b this is data center two rock one server one data sender number two wrap one server two and so on for example there is standard number two rack two switch a and data sender number 2 rack 2 switch b route 2 switch server 1 run 2 server 2 rod 2 server 3. so how are the devices named in this data sender devices naming in the data centers are based on the physical location and fusion who are the devices addressed in the data centers for example click here on this server on server rack one server one click here desktop and now you can see the ip address but focus on this third octate okay first octet second object third octet is 11 and rock one server one click here on this another server 132 30 12 1 wrap one server two click here rack one server three and so on go to rack number two the third server rack two server one rock 2 server 2 rack 2 server 3 and so on and goes to rock zero field server is one rac0 server 1 rack 0 server 2. drug 0 server 3 and so on who are the devices addressed in the data centers device addressing is logically based on physical location for example servers have the rack and position number as part of the ip address in the third octet so one can identify the location of the server rock 0 is a multiple post rack serving as the network superstation so the servers follow a slightly different addressing scheme to io for the required networking equipment why is the naming and addressing of the data center devices important data center flexibility troubleshooting and management are improved by the logical layout of device names and addresses as well as the physical placement of the devices a logical naming and addressing scheme allows for future growth and does not place a new limits on the data center flexibility explore data center and layer 2 technology examine dc1 rock 0 switch a and dc 1 rack 0 switch b okay i i am in seattle so go back back so dc1 is on data center one place it on toronto so click on rondo then center one there's under one navigate to data center one server room uh rock zero dc one rock zero switch a common light interface and dc one rock zero switch b command line interface okay click here or data center one route zero switch a click here command line interface what technology is used to provide redundancy and stability in their configuration enter enable show running config space space okay you can see in port channel one this is another channel and channel group one on facebook one and channel group one of those eternal two so faster not one and two are forming the poor channel one okay first one and two are part of or channel one because of this channel group one channel group one and passive keyword is the lacp configuration this is a header channel using lacp also you can verify this show er channel summary now you can see port channel one protocol lacp ports fastener under one and two so the answer is the switches use other channel configured with lacp what is the purpose of this technology this technology allows multiple physical links to function together as a logical trunk this combines the link bandwide but also provides redundancy if one of the physical links fails what is the total bandwidth over port channel one okay click here again on dc1 route 0 switch a fast internet zero one runs at one hundred megabits per second fast internet to 100 megabits per second so fortunate one will run at 200 megabits per second header channel boundless multiple physical links into a logical channel in this case it is bundled to 100 megabits per second links into 200 megabits per second ether channel bundle what will happen if the first internet zero one port on dc1 rack zero switch a fails and why okay click here again on the switch if dc1 rock 0 switch a fast ethernet 1 fails the connection to dc1 master switch a will remain active using the other link in the bundle dc1 rack 0 switch a faster terminal 2. okay if first internet 1 fails faster faster than my 2 still remains active now you can see the connection from this switch to the dc1 master switch the correction from dc1 rock 0 switch 8 to dc1 master switch with redundant links explore data center rather than layer 3 technology examine dc1 a router and dc1b router okay these routers dc1a router dc1b router from rack 0 dc1a router command line interface dc 1b router command line interface okay on route 0. okay click here on dc1a router commander interface what technology is used to provide redundancy and stability in the configuration now you can see hsrp messages hsrp locks hot standby router protocol enter enable show running config you can see a standby configurations or also you can use show standby standby enter space now you can see facetime zero zero and faster net one zero configured with standby the data sender routers are configured using fhrp called hot standby routing protocol hsrb is the purpose of this technology this technology is used to provide redundant default gateways if part of the physical infrastructure phase which router and interface will be used as the default gateway for the 172 1600 prefix 16 network and why now you can see this default gateway is the virtual ip address will be the default gateway 172 16 0 254 and on faster.net zero this [Music] this router dc 1a router is active the default the default get way for 172 1600 prefix 16 network is 172 16 0 254 hsrp is configured with a priority of 100 on the dc1a router facet100 interface so this is the active interface okay active interface priority 100 faster net zero zero dc one a router it goes to the another router dc1b router command line interface and the enable show standby space faster.net zero zero priority 50 this is the standby router the same default gateway the dc1b router for saturn at zero zero is configured with a priority of 50 so it is the standby interface which router and interface will be used as the default gateway for the 101600 16 network and why okay click on dc one a router okay faster not one zero this is the standby interface the standby router virtual ip address the default gateway 10 16 0 254 the priority is 50. the dc1a router first internet zero one is configured with a priority of 50 so is in a standby state go to dc1b router fasten.net one zero this is active virtual ip 10 16 0 254 priority 100 the default gateway for the 101600 prefix 16 network is 1016 0-54 hsrp is configured with a priority of 100 on the dc 1b router fast ethernet 1-0 interface so it is the active interface create a plan for expanding the current data center determine what equipment is required to add one new rack of equipment to both data center 1 and data center 2. from your review of the two current data centers in part one determine the equipment required to add a new rack of equipment to data center one okay data center one is toronto when scaling the infrastructure of data center construction it is important to standardize construction and configuration whenever possible what new switches are required how should they be connected what should their names be okay i am on toronto there is another one so that's why my my devices starts with dc1 the descender one on toronto the switches on the rocks are connected to the to the master switch a and master switchb okay so i will add the switches okay on the shelf you have two uh 2960 switches so drag the devices the first switch and the second switch okay okay okay name the switches just like this dc one rock five switch a and this here one drag five switch b okay what new switches are required how should they be connected what should their names be the current equipment racks all consist of two cisco 2960 switches connected to the master switches in rock 0 for consistency name the switches dc1 rack 5 switch a and dc1 rack 5 switch b these switches are connected back to dc1 master switch a and dc1 master switch b so how are the rock 5 switches connected to the rock 0 switches look there another switches are using faster than one and faster than r2 to connect the the switches on rock zero fasten the net one and fasten them at two faster than that one faster than a2 and if the switch is a connects to master switch a if the switch is b connects to master switch b on dc1 master switch a you can see ports 23 and 24 3 free ports on dc1 masters hb you can see ports 23 and 24 3 ports i will connect the i will use this copper straight through cables and connect facilitate one or dc one rock five c j two to port 23 okay very good now another cable to connect faster net to to port 24 but i am unable to connect port 24 i can't see the port so you can do the following right click on the switch and use manage all cables on the device to weigh the moment and now this is very good so try again and use the cable from faster than my 2 to faster internet 24 on dc1 master switch a okay and right right click on this another switch on dc one on dc one master switch v manage all cables on the device and connect fasternet zero one faster the net zero 23 foreign further net 0 24 how are the rock 5 switches connected to rock 0 switches dc1 rack 5 switch 8 port faster net one and two are connected to dc1 master switch a ports 23 and 24 dc1 rack five switch b ports faster than that one and two are connected to dc1 master switch b ports 23 and 24 the links from dc1 rack 5 switch a to rock 0 master switch a are bonded together and the links from dc1 rack 5 switch b to rock 0 master switch b are bundled together and we'll use licp header channel bundle how many servers should be added to rock five how should they be configured and with what addresses okay so we look at the drug number four you have one two three four five six servers so add six servers thank you okay so add the six servers [Music] okay and name the servers you are on toronto so it's data center ones dc one touch r5 rock five server one server 2 server 3 dc1 r5 server 4 five and dc one toronto data center one rock five server six okay the names so take a look on the interface cards on this server i think they are faster net cards so they are faster net interfaces click on the server drag number two they are faster net interfaces fast ethernet zero for the internet interfaces okay so go to rack five okay only one interface and add physical mode when i click on [Music] this interface faster internet interface this pd host nm1cfe pd has an m1cfe module fast ethernet interface place the device another server okay click here [Music] you okay there are six servers with two fast internet interfaces each one how many servers should be added to rack 5 how should they be configured in with what addresses to maintain consistency with the existing data center a total of six servers should be added to rack number five this servers should have two faceter net network interface cards and these interfaces should be configured with ip addresses and the theory the third octet of this ip addresses will be [Music] the first number with the number of rock and the second number the number of the server in the third octet and that the default gateway should be the virtual ip address of the hsrp configuration the hot standby routing protocol and the dns address should be the same as the other servers how should the servers be connected to the network okay look at the rug number four how the first interface on the third server is connected to fasternet [Music] 13 the second interface is connected to net 13 on switch b for the next server the connection is to fast internet 15 on switch a and the next interface connected to 50 on switch b and so on and go to the rock number five use the cable connect the first to switch a 13 okay the second interface to switch b13 this first event on the second server to 15 switch a another connection to second interface to 15 on switch b okay and so on you you okay very good how should the servers be connected to the network to maintain consistency with the existing data center rock five server one faster not zero should be connected to dc one rock five switch a first internet 13 and rock five server one first internet one should be connected to dc one wrap five switch before saturn 13. and rock five server two faster than not zero should be connected to dc one wrap five switch a faster net 15 and rock 5 server 2 faster note 1 should be connected to dc1 rack 5 switch b fast internet 15 and so on how would the above information change for adding a new rack to data center number two in data some their number two device knives should be contained dc2 instead of dc1 okay in rock five and servers one two six configure the data center devices to expand the data center capacity you will install and configure equipment for the new rack in data center one toronto install the required equipment in rock five there are two 2960 switches to the top of rock five okay ready dc one rock five switch a dc dc one rock five switch b are six servers ready one two three four five six click the third server in rock five and under modules click and drag the second pv host nm1 cfe okay ready all servers with two fast internet interfaces click the power button below the second interface okay turn on power on the servers click here click here here okay six servers click the config tab and set the display name dc1 dash r5 s1 okay go to the third server click here and config tab use this display name very good is the same the same i use it here repeat for the other five servers s2 s3 and somehow okay ready s2 server 2 s3 server 3 and so on to server 6 ready configure ip addressing for the servers what is the first internet zero default gateway and dns address for all the servers in data center one okay and review the another rack for example uh rug number four and review the first the configuration of first interface okay for example on this server uh dc1 r4 server one rack for server one click here go to config and now go to desktop go to ipconfiguration and select faster not zero and look at the default gateway 10 16 0 to 54 and dns 172 16 1 1 okay but this should be 172 16 0 254 okay i repeat this is an error this should be 172 16 0 254 because you know the default gateway should be in the same network as the ip address and look at this they are on different network and if this is 172 16 this should be 172 16 okay so this is an error 172 16 0 254 okay the default gateway should be 172 16 0 254 and the dna server is 172 16 1 1. on the same server review the faster the node one okay then another interface the second fast ethernet interface the default gateway is 10 16 0 to 54. this is okay the default gateway the default gateway is placed on the same network of the ipv4 address very good okay this is okay the default gateway is placed on the same network as the ipv4 others and the dns server is 10 16 1 1 very good and look at another example go to rack number 3 review rack 3 server 1 go to desktop ipconfiguration faster not zero okay the default gateway is incorrect should be 172 16 0 254 172 16 0 254 and the on the server 132 16 1 1 review 4.1 and then the fall gateway 1 10 16 0 254 and dns server 10 16 1 1 okay this is very good okay what is the faucet or net zero default getaway and dns address for all servers in data center one okay the answer is the default gateway is 172 16 0 0-254 and dns is 172.16.11 in all faceter 0 in the servers what is the faster not wonderful gateway and dns others for all servers in data center one the answer is the default gateway is 10 16 0 254 and the dns is 10 16 1 1 in all facet.1 interfaces on the servers on data center one in conformance with the addressing scheme of servers in rack 0 through rack 4 complete the following addressing table for the servers in rack 5. okay for example a rock for server one the dns server is 172 1611 for faster not zero closet or not zero should be the same on rock five on rock five servers concerning the build 1611 okay for all faceter net zeros and the dns for faster and one on a server on rack 4 10 16 1 1 or 51 on all servers on rock five the same 10 16 1 1 the same for all faceter number one and the default gateway for facetime at zero okay remember this is incorrect should be 172 16 0 254 this is a rockford server but on rack five server the default gateway for faceturn at zero should be 172 160 254 and use the same for or faster at zeros on servers on rock five and for this server on rack four compositor one that the following the default gateway this is uh very good 10 16 0 254 16 0 254 okay for all servers also or rack five okay this is the first and remember on the example on this server on rock4 server one look at this facetime at zero 172 16 rack 4 server 1 41 so for positive net zero the ip other should be 172 16 rock 5 server 1 51 in use number one okay use number one the same subnet mask and review facet1 on this server on wrap four ip address 10 16 rack 4 server 1 that one and the same sibling mask for facet another one should be 10 16 rock 5 server 1 that one the same subnet mask and basically configure this 5 2 five three five four five five five six this another network five two five three five four five five five six the same subnet mask for all very good okay the table is complete you configure ip addressing for the servers in rack five both interfaces okay go to rock number five server one rock five server one desktop ip configuration use all this configuration 172 16 5 one not one subnet mask very good default gateway 172 60 0 254 dns concern you do sixteen one one if i set another one 10 16 rock 5 server 1.1 subnet mask 255 to 5500 default gateway 10 16 0 254 dns server okay don't worry about this bucket tracer we'll use a default giveaway of the fasta frictional port okay dns server 10 16 1 1 okay all this configuration okay and rock five server two ip configuration facility 0 172 16 5 2 rock 5 server 2 1 subnet mask okay the forget 172 16 0254 dns server default gateway okay 172 161 further not one 10 16 5 2 1 25 25 0 0 the away 10 16 0 1 0 2 54 okay dms 17 10 16 1 1 okay next so hmm so foreign foreign uh okay all according this addressing table configure the display name and hostname for the switch using wrap file click the first switch in rack 5 and then config tab okay this is rock five fuel switch config tab and dc one rock five switch a dc one rock files which are very good and hostname dc1 r5 underscore switch a okay and you can do this here or on command line interface i prefer command line interface and i will configure terminal and config tab global configuration mode the host name is case has dc1 r5 switch a enter go to config and very good the second switch verify the display name is very good okay very good this is one row five switch me go command line interface enter enable configure terminal the hostname is dc1 r5 switch b okay dc1 r5 underscore switch v enter okay very good you can verify very nice connect cables for rock 5 equipment for each server connect copper straight through cable from the faster node 0 to correct ports on dc1 r5 switch a and a straight through cable from faucet.1 to dc one r5 switch v okay already connected all these all these connections to the servers connect the copper straight through cable for the faster the net zero one port on dc one row five switch a to 523 port on dc one master switch a ii on dc1 rug switch a to fastener faucet at 324 dc1 master switch a okay these two connections this and this another okay right click to manage all cables now you can see the connections to the master switch from this switch dc1 rack switch a to master switch one goes to 23 on master and two fastener 2 goes to 24 or master in the same way for the another switch the connections to the master okay these connections 23 24 23 24 configure licp between dc1 master switch a and dc1 rack 5 switch a okay these are the configurations and now start with the master dc one master switch i configure ports 23 and 24 click here click on the switch command line interface enter enable configure terminal interface range fast ethernet 23 and 24 okay configure ports structs switchboard mode trunk okay switchboard voltron and recommends the tv 1999 for the nativilla switchboard run tip 1189 enter and assign to channel group number six channel 6 mode active for lacp and use no shutdown shut down then exit go to another side and the ports one and two on dc one wrap files which i click here command line interface enter enable uh okay it's already on global configuration mode so enabled is not necessary global configuration mode interface range faster than one and two switch port trunk switch port trunk and okay poor consistency restored and cha net group on this side use one mode positive enter and not shut down okay all these configurations here repeat the above to aggregate the appropriate ports between dc1 r5 switch b and dc1 master switch okay go to another master switch dc1 master switch b command line interface enter enable configure terminal interface range it's internet 23 and 24 switch port about trunk switchboard trunk trunk native black 99 channel group okay again enter and john dash group 6 mode active enter okay and interface range 23 and 24 switch portable trunk switch portray on a tv log 99 channel group 6 mode active okay channel group 6 mode active no shutdown enter no shutdown okay and go to the another side dc one rock five switch be enter a global configuration mode integrate range faster than one and two switch four no trunk switch four trunk tip milan 99 [Music] enter the channel group one mode passive not shut down enter verify the ports okay you for example dc1 rockfish which i enter and show at their channel space summary what protocol is for channel 1 using for link aggregation lacp which ports are aggregated to form or channel one on dc one rock five switch v okay go to dc one rock five switch b and show the channel summary enter okay the answer which ports are aggregated on dc1 r5 switch v first internet 1 faster than my 2 record the command used to verify show other channel summary what is a data center a data center is a physical facility where corporate computers network storage and other idea equipment that support business operations reside the computers in a data center contain or facilitate business critical applications services and data many organizations have multiple data centers based on geographic and business requirements what benefits does a data center provide for an organization a data center consolidates id resources allowing centralized management optimization and maximum utilization of resources it minimizes unnecessary duplication and wasted resources why is redundancy important in a data center redundancy is used to eliminate a single point of failure and maximize data center uptime what elements of data center should incorporate redundancy all components in a data center should incorporate redundant design principles servers and id devices should incorporate redundant components such as power supplies hard disk drives and memory servers and network devices such as switches network cabling power fits and cooling should also incorporate redundancy network technology that incorporates redundancy such as ether channel and hsrp should be incorporated whenever possible what is the importance of ether channel in a data center environment other channel allows multiple physical links to be treated as a single channel and treated as a single instance of stp thus combining their bandwidth it also provides for redundancy so if one link in another channel bundle fails the others remain active okay completion 100 thank you thank you very much you

Channel: Christian Augusto Romero Goyzueta

Views: 11,784

Keywords: data center, switching, routing, wireless, essentials, srwe, v702, packet tracer, physical mode, etherchannel, hsrp, hot standby routing protocol, host standby

Id: eqT50XxWD7k

Length: 89min 37sec (5377 seconds)

Published: Mon Sep 20 2021