<i> NARRATOR: WITH A
FIRE AT ITS HEART...</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE IS OUR
FIRST NATIONAL PARK...</i> <i> A PRIMAL FORTRESS THAT
SAVED THE DISAPPEARING WEST...</i> <i> THANKS TO ITS FIERCE WONDERS.</i> <i> MORE THAN THREE MILLION
VISITORS A YEAR COME TO MARVEL.</i> <i> BUT ONLY A HANDFUL
VENTURE PAST THE LOOKOUTS.</i> <i> OVER THAT RIDGE AND INTO
THE NEXT VALLEY IS WHERE</i> <i> THE REAL DRAMA HAPPENS.</i> <i> OLD BATTLES...</i> <i> NEW LIFE...</i> <i> AND UNEXPECTED COURAGE...</i> <i> IF YOU THINK YOU
KNOW YELLOWSTONE...</i> <i> THINK AGAIN...</i> <i> YOU HAVE NEVER
EXPERIENCED IT LIKE THIS.</i> <i> ♪ [THEME MUSIC PLAYS] ♪</i> ♪ ♪ <i> IN THE SHADOW OF THE ROCKIES,</i> <i> AN ANCIENT DRAMA
IS ABOUT TO PLAY OUT....</i> <i> ONE THAT NEARLY DISAPPEARED
FROM THE FACE OF THE EARTH:</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE'S TOP PREDATOR
AGAINST THE LARGEST MAMMAL</i> <i> IN NORTH AMERICA.</i> <i> ONCE ONLY 23
BISON REMAINED HERE.</i> <i> AND NOT A SINGLE WOLF.</i> <i> BUT NOW THESE ETERNAL
ENEMIES FACE OFF AGAIN...</i> <i> AS THEY DID LONG BEFORE
ANY HUMAN SET FOOT HERE.</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE HAS
TURNED BACK TIME.</i> <i> IT'S LATE WINTER IN
AMERICA'S FIRST NATIONAL PARK,</i> <i> AND THE WORLD'S.</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE IS A MELTING POT
OF SAVAGE BEAUTY CREATED BY</i> <i> ONE OF THE BIGGEST EXPLOSIONS
EVER TO ROCK THE EARTH.</i> <i> AND ITS VIOLENT
HEART STILL SMOLDERS...</i> <i> BLOWING OFF STEAM
THROUGH SOME 300 GEYSERS...</i> <i> MORE THAN ANYWHERE
ELSE IN THE WORLD.</i> <i> THE MOST FAMOUS GEYSER,
OLD FAITHFUL,</i> <i> HURLS HOT WATER 150 FEET
INTO THE AIR VENTING ITS RAGE</i> <i> EVERY 60 TO 90 MINUTES.</i> <i> THAT'S HOW LONG IT TAKES
TO BUILD UP ENOUGH PRESSURE</i> <i> TO TURN GROUNDWATER
INTO EXPLOSIVE STEAM.</i> <i> SOME BISON TAKE REFUGE IN
THE STINKING SULFUROUS HEAT...</i> <i> A LAST HAVEN FOR
THE WEAK AND WEARY.</i> <i> BUT ELSEWHERE IN THE PARK,</i> <i> THEY MUST FACE THE
BRUTAL WINTER HEAD-ON.</i> <i> MOTHERS-TO-BE
STRUGGLE TERRIBLY,</i> <i> TRYING TO FIND ENOUGH FOOD
FOR TWO IN THE RELENTLESS SNOW.</i> <i> THE CALF SHE CARRIES IS A
REMINDER OF A MIRACULOUS</i> <i> COMEBACK, IF SHE CAN HOLD
ON THROUGH YELLOWSTONE'S</i> <i> NOTORIOUSLY HARSH WINTER.</i> <i> BUT SPRING IS LATE THIS YEAR,</i> <i> TEMPERATURES HOVER WELL
BELOW FREEZING AND THE SNOWPACK</i> <i> DOES NOT GIVE WAY.</i> <i> THE GRAZING ANIMALS MUST
STRUGGLE MIGHTILY IN SEARCH OF</i> <i> A FEW BLADES OF GRASS.</i> <i> MANY ELK GROW WEAK
AS WINTER DRAGS ON...</i> <i> BUT SOMEONE ELSE GROWS STRONG.</i> <i> THE WOLF THRIVES IN WINTER.</i> <i> HIGHLY INTELLIGENT
AND SOCIAL CREATURES,</i> <i> THEY OFTEN SHOW DEEP
AFFECTION FOR ONE ANOTHER.</i> <i> THEIR INTENSE FAMILY
TIES ALSO MAKE THEM A</i> <i> DEADLY HUNTING UNIT.</i> <i> ONCE COMPLETELY
EXTERMINATED FROM THE PARK,</i> <i> GRAY WOLVES WERE
REINTRODUCED IN 1995 AND</i> <i> HAVE BECOME A VITAL PLAYER
IN THE PARK'S ECOSYSTEM.</i> <i> EAGERLY CHASING
A BIG BULL ELK,</i> <i> THE WOLF IS IN ITS
ELEMENT IN YELLOWSTONE.</i> ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ <i> BUT THIS BULL DIDN'T EARN HIS
RACK BY BEING ANYONE'S FOOL.</i> <i> HE FINDS REFUGE IN
THE FRIGID LAMAR RIVER,</i> <i> WHERE THE WOLVES
CANNOT FOLLOW.</i> <i> AND AIMS HIS
IMPRESSIVE RACK AT THEM.</i> <i> [HOWL]</i> <i> BUT ANOTHER DINNER AWAITS...</i> <i> AS THE REST OF
THE PACK ANNOUNCES.</i> <i> THEY'VE TAKEN A WEAKENED
BISON DURING THE NIGHT AND</i> <i> THERE'S MORE THAN
ENOUGH TO GO AROUND.</i> <i> WITH SUCH A
LARGE PACK TO FEED,</i> <i> THEY NEED TO HUNT
SUCCESSFULLY NEARLY EVERY DAY.</i> <i> BUT THE WINTER ITSELF IS
FAR MORE DEADLY THAN WOLVES.</i> <i> ONE OUT OF TEN BISON WILL
DIE BEFORE THE SEASON IS DONE.</i> <i> FOR OUR MOTHER-TO-BE IT
IS A PARTICULARLY HARD TIME.</i> <i> THE SCARCITY OF FOOD
MEANS MANY ARE STARVING.</i> <i> WITH WEARY, MASSIVE HEADS,
THEY PLOW THROUGH 4-FOOT</i> <i> DRIFTS IN SEARCH
OF ANYTHING EDIBLE.</i> <i> THEY ARE THE LAST TRULY WILD
BISON IN THE UNITED STATES.</i> <i> SOME 30 MILLION OF THEM ONCE
BLANKETED THE AMERICAN PLAINS;</i> <i> IT COULD TAKE SIX DAYS FOR
A SINGLE HERD TO PASS YOU BY.</i> <i> BUT BY 1900, ONLY A
HEARTBREAKING TWO DOZEN</i> <i> CLUNG TO LIFE IN THE
CENTER OF THE PARK,</i> <i> THE LAST REFUGEES OF A
CENTURY OF PERSECUTION.</i> <i> PROTECTED IN 1902,
THEY'VE SLOWLY REBOUNDED TO</i> <i> ABOUT 5,000 TODAY.</i> <i> BUT IN A TERRIBLE WINTER,
THEIR NUMBERS COULD CRASH.</i> <i> WITH THE BISON
CARCASS PICKED CLEAN,</i> <i> THE LAMAR WOLF PACK'S
SPECTACULAR ALPHA FEMALE IS ON</i> <i> THE LOOKOUT FOR MORE MEAT.</i> <i> AND AN ELK CALF HAS
STRAYED FROM ITS HERD...</i> <i> WITH THE POWER AND CUNNING
BORN OF LONG EXPERIENCE,</i> <i> SHE'S LIKE A HEAT
SEEKING MISSILE.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> THIS IS A SLIPPERY SLOPE.</i> <i> [BIRDS CAWING]</i> <i> THE DEATH OF THE ELK CALF
MEANS A REPRIEVE FOR</i> <i> OUR PREGNANT BISON...</i> <i> BUT FOR HOW LONG?</i> <i> [HOWL]</i> <i> IN WINTER, THE ALCHEMY OF
HEAT BELOW AND COLD ABOVE</i> <i> MAKES YELLOWSTONE LOOK
LIKE A DIFFERENT PLANET.</i> <i> EVEN AT 50 DEGREES BELOW,
THERE'S MAGIC IN THE AIR.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> EXTREME SUB-ZERO TEMPERATURES
IN A CLOUDLESS SKY SOMETIMES</i> <i> RESULT IN A
FASCINATING PHENOMENON:</i> <i> THE FORMATION OF
DELICATE ICE CRYSTALS...</i> <i> KNOWN AS "DIAMOND DUST".</i> <i> SOME BISON HAVE
DEVISED A SPECIAL STRATEGY.</i> <i> HOT SPRINGS GIVE OFF HEAT,
ENABLING GRASS TO GROW.</i> <i> A HASSLE-FREE SPA PACKAGE AT
MINUS 20 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.</i> <i> WINTER IS IN SLOW RETREAT,</i> <i> IN YELLOWSTONE'S
OWN GRAND CANYON.</i> <i> WARMER TEMPERATURES
UNLEASH THE FROZEN LOWER FALLS,</i> <i> TWICE THE HEIGHT OF NIAGARA.</i> <i> AND SOMEONE ELSE
IS BEING UNLEASHED, TOO.</i> <i> JUST OUT OF HIBERNATION,</i> <i> A YOUNG BEAR CAN'T
RESIST THE AROMA...</i> <i> OF FRESH CARRION.</i> <i> A SECOND GRIZZLY
HAS BEATEN HIM TO IT...</i> <i> THE CARCASS OF YET
ANOTHER BISON THAT DIDN'T</i> <i> MAKE IT THROUGH THE WINTER.</i> <i> AFTER SPENDING MORE THAN
FOUR MONTHS IN THEIR DENS,</i> <i> THEY'RE EAGER TO
FIND SOME FOOD.</i> <i> BEARS LOSE UP TO A THIRD
OF THEIR BODY WEIGHT</i> <i> DURING HIBERNATION.</i> <i> AND THEY'RE RAVENOUS.</i> <i> SOMETHING'S GOTTA GIVE.</i> <i> GRIZZLIES WOULD RATHER
INTIMIDATE THAN FIGHT;</i> <i> THERE'S JUST TOO
MUCH RISK OF INJURY IN</i> <i> BEAR-ON-BEAR VIOLENCE.</i> <i> STANDING UP TO YOUR FULL
HEIGHT IS MEANT TO IMPRESS...</i> <i> OOPS.</i> <i> THE OWNER OF THE
CARCASS DECIDES TO SHOW HIM</i> <i> HOW IT'S DONE.</i> <i> BUT WHEN RITUALS FAIL...</i> <i> VIOLENCE IS INEVITABLE.</i> <i> NARRATOR: HUNGRY
BEARS ARE VIOLENT BEARS.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> THE PAIR IS CLOSELY MATCHED
AND EQUALLY DESPERATE FOR A</i> <i> POST-HIBERNATION FEAST.</i> <i> A FIGHT LIKE THIS IS A
RARE SIGHT IN YELLOWSTONE.</i> <i> [GROWLING]</i> <i> WITH A FINAL SLAP,
THE NEWCOMER TELLS HIS</i> <i> RIVAL TO "SHOVE OFF" AND
CLAIMS HIS GRISLY PRIZE.</i> <i> SPRING IS FINALLY
HERE IN EARNEST.</i> <i> IN THE VALLEYS, WARMER DAYS
EASILY SHRUG OFF LATE SNOWS.</i> <i> IN THE PARK'S
NORTH-EAST LIES SODA BUTTE,</i> <i> A LIMESTONE MOUND
CREATED BY A HOT SPRING.</i> <i> A MUDDY CONDO COMPLEX OF
SORTS IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION.</i> <i> AMERICAN CLIFF
SWALLOWS ARE BUSY NESTING...</i> <i> THE MUD AT THE FOOT OF THE
CONE MAKES A PERFECT CEMENT.</i> <i> BISON LOVE THE MUD
OF SODA BUTTE TOO,</i> <i> BECAUSE IT'S RICH
WITH MINERALS....</i> <i> MINERALS THAT THE
PREGNANT FEMALES CRAVE.</i> <i> SOON THE VALLEYS OF
YELLOWSTONE WILL BE</i> <i> FULL OF BABIES.</i> <i> OUR MOTHER GROWS
RESTLESS AND NERVOUS.</i> <i> WITH GOOD REASON.</i> <i> DOWN THE VALLEY,</i> <i> A PACK OF WOLVES HAS
FOUND A STILLBORN CALF,</i> <i> BUT IT WILL ONLY
FEED ONE OR TWO OF THEM.</i> <i> SO THE REST HAVE
TURNED ON THE MOTHER.</i> <i> WEAK FROM HER ORDEAL,
SHE IS TOUGH...</i> <i> BUT VULNERABLE.</i> <i> SHE MAKES A
BREAK FOR THE HERD.</i> <i> A RISKY DECISION.</i> <i> EVEN WHEN SHE
REACHES THE HERD,</i> <i> THE WOLVES DON'T GIVE UP:
BISON ARE MOST VULNERABLE TO</i> <i> ATTACK FROM BEHIND...</i> <i> FINALLY, THEY ROUND UP,
CREATING A SHAGGY,</i> <i> IMPENETRABLE FORTRESS.</i> <i> ON THE SLOPES ABOVE, OUR
HERD IS MISSING SOMEONE.</i> <i> THE MOTHER HAS SLIPPED OFF
INTO THE BRUSH TO GIVE BIRTH.</i> <i> THIS MOVING AND INTIMATE
MOMENT HAS RARELY BEEN SEEN</i> <i> IN THE NATIONAL PARK.</i> ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ <i> IMMEDIATELY THE LITTLE
ONE STARTS SQUIRMING FREE</i> <i> FROM THE AMNIOTIC SAC.</i> <i> HE'S ONE OF ABOUT 700 BISON
CALVES THAT WILL BE</i> <i> BORN THIS YEAR.</i> <i> THE MOTHER LOVINGLY
CLEANS HER CALF,</i> <i> URGING HIM TO HIS FEET...</i> <i> HE'LL NEED TO BE ABLE
TO RUN WITH THE HERD IN A</i> <i> MATTER OF HOURS.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> HE'S UP ON WOBBLY
LEGS IN MINUTES....</i> <i> ADORABLE AND OBLIVIOUS
TO THE ASTOUNDING STRUGGLE</i> <i> THAT LIES AHEAD.</i> <i> NARRATOR: IN THE
HIGHER ELEVATIONS,</i> <i> WHERE THE SNOW STILL HANGS ON,</i> <i> ANOTHER PREDATOR IS
STAGING A COMEBACK.</i> <i> IT'S THE NOTORIOUSLY
SHY COUGAR,</i> <i> ONE OF ONLY
ABOUT 20 IN THE PARK,</i> <i> RETURNING TO HER ELK KILL.</i> <i> THESE BIG CATS ARE SO
ELUSIVE EVEN PARK RANGERS</i> <i> RARELY SPOT THEM.</i> <i> AT ONE POINT THEY
WERE VIRTUALLY ELIMINATED</i> <i> FROM YELLOWSTONE.</i> <i> THE RAVEN SHOULD BE
CAREFUL ABOUT COMPLAINING.</i> <i> COUGARS CAN LEAP
15 FEET STRAIGHT UP.</i> <i> SHE'S NOT ALONE.</i> <i> HER THREE-MONTH-OLD
KITTEN IS STILL NURSING BUT</i> <i> DEVELOPING A TASTE FOR MEAT.</i> <i> THE RAVEN'S A NOISY
IRRITANT AND IT COULD ALERT</i> <i> RIVAL PREDATORS
TO THE KILL...</i> <i> BUT SOMEONE'S
LATE TO DINNER.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> KITTENS WILL BE KITTENS,
NO MATTER HOW BIG.</i> <i> OUTSIDE THE PARK,
COUGARS ARE STILL SHOT BY</i> <i> THOSE WHO THINK THEY'RE
A THREAT TO LIVESTOCK.</i> <i> BUT HERE THE
LITTLE FAMILY IS SAFE.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> YELLOWSTONE'S PART OF
THE ROCKIES USED TO BE</i> <i> ON THE SEA FLOOR.</i> <i> THE CLASH OF CONTINENTS
HAS DRIVEN THEM 8,000 FEET</i> <i> INTO THE AIR.</i> <i> BUT WHAT THE EARTH LIFTS,
WATER SLICES,</i> <i> REVEALING THE YELLOW
ROCK CANYON THAT GIVES THE</i> <i> PARK ITS NAME.</i> <i> THE YELLOWSTONE RIVER,
THE LIFEBLOOD OF THE PARK,</i> <i> POURS INTO THE VALLEYS.</i> <i> THE HERD MUST MOVE IN
SEARCH OF BETTER GRAZING AND</i> <i> OUR CALF IS
READY TO JOIN THEM.</i> <i> JUST HOURS AFTER HIS BIRTH,</i> <i> THIS 40-POUND
FELLA CAN KEEP UP WITH</i> <i> HIS 1,000-POUND MOM.</i> <i> HE'LL FOLLOW MOM ANYWHERE,</i> <i> EVEN IF IT MIGHT BE
THE DEATH OF HIM.</i> <i> OTHER CREATURES HAVE
NOT BEEN SO LUCKY.</i> <i> WOLVES NO LONGER HUNT, BUT
SCAVENGE AT THEIR LEISURE.</i> <i> NOT FAR AWAY, THE PACK FEASTS
ON STILL ANOTHER FALLEN BISON.</i> <i> BUT SOMEONE'S GOTTEN
WIND OF THEIR BOUNTY.</i> <i> A GRIZZLY MOTHER
AND THREE BIG CUBS.</i> <i> RAISING TRIPLETS
IN YELLOWSTONE IS QUITE</i> <i> THE ACCOMPLISHMENT.</i> <i> EVEN AMONG GRIZZLIES,</i> <i> WHO ARE NOTORIOUSLY GOOD
MOTHERS, SHE'S REMARKABLE.</i> <i> WITH SO MANY MOUTHS TO FEED,</i> <i> SHE HAS LITTLE CHOICE
BUT TO TAKE ON THE PACK.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> JUST WHEN IT LOOKS AS
THOUGH THERE'S ENOUGH</i> <i> TO GO AROUND...</i> <i> SOMEONE ELSE
IS ON THE SCENT.</i> <i> A LONE MALE.</i> <i> THIS IS BAD NEWS.</i> <i> MALE GRIZZLIES
SOMETIMES KILL CUBS.</i> <i> TIME FOR HIM TO BACK OFF.</i> <i> A MALE BEAR, A YOUNGSTER,</i> <i> IS NO MATCH FOR A
RILED-UP MAMA BEAR.</i> <i> THESE WOLVES ARE
CONTENT TO WAIT,</i> <i> WATCH AND AMUSE
THEMSELVES TILL THE BEARS</i> <i> HAVE HAD THEIR FILL.</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE IS THE ONLY
PLACE IN THE US WHERE BISON</i> <i> HAVE LIVED CONTINUOUSLY
SINCE PREHISTORIC TIMES.</i> <i> THEIR RELENTLESS SEARCH
FOR BETTER GRAZING GROUNDS</i> <i> MEANS CROSSING RIVERS,
LIKE THE LAMAR...</i> <i> CROSSINGS ARE NO BIG
DEAL FOR THE GROWN-UPS,</i> <i> BUT A DAUNTING BUSINESS
FOR OUR 7-DAY-OLD CALF.</i> <i> RUSHING SNOWMELT MAKES
THE LAMAR TREACHEROUS.</i> <i> OUR LITTLE GUY IS
UNDERSTANDABLY DUBIOUS.</i> <i> BUT WHEN MOTHER
MAKES HER MOVE,</i> <i> HE HAS NO CHOICE
BUT TO FOLLOW.</i> <i> AND ALMOST IMMEDIATELY
THINGS START TO GO WRONG.</i> <i> THE CURRENT IS JUST TOO MUCH.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> HIS MOTHER TURNS BACK,
TRYING TO KEEP HIM SAFELY</i> <i> UPSTREAM OF HER.</i> <i> BUT THE WATER IS TOO SWIFT...</i> <i> AND HE IS TOO YOUNG.</i> <i> SHE REALIZES HER MISTAKE...</i> <i> TOO LATE.</i> <i> HE'S AT THE
MERCY OF THE RIVER.</i> <i> WHAT HAPPENS NEXT
WILL DEFY BELIEF.</i> <i> NARRATOR: A CALF SWEPT
AWAY BY THE LAMAR SHOULD HAVE</i> <i> NO CHANCE OF SURVIVAL.</i> <i> BUT SOMETHING
REMARKABLE HAS HAPPENED.</i> <i> HE HAS WASHED UP ONTO
A LITTLE GRAVEL ISLAND.</i> <i> HE'S CHILLED AND
UTTERLY SPENT...</i> <i> AND MOTHER IS
NOWHERE IN SIGHT.</i> <i> AS THE COLD
YELLOWSTONE NIGHT FALLS,</i> <i> ALL SEEMS LOST...</i> ♪ ♪ <i> DAYBREAK REVEALS A WOLF
ON A KILL IN THE RIVER.</i> <i> BUT IT'S AN ELK,
NOT OUR BISON CALF.</i> <i> SOMEHOW, OUR LITTLE ONE
HAS SURVIVED THE NIGHT.</i> <i> BUT HE'S STILL STRANDED.</i> <i> ANY HOPE OF RESCUE SEEMS TO
BE MOVING ON WITH HIS HERD.</i> <i> EVEN HIS MOTHER
SEEMS TO HAVE GIVEN UP.</i> <i> THE INSTINCT TO STAY WITH
THE HERD IS OVERWHELMING.</i> <i> AND THAT'S FOR
A GOOD REASON...</i> <i> PREDATORS ARE
NEVER FAR AWAY;</i> <i> SUCH AS COYOTES...</i> <i> AND A LONE BLACK WOLF.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> BACK DOWNRIVER,
AGAINST ALL ODDS,</i> <i> THE BISON CALF IS HOLDING ON.</i> <i> BUT HE SEEMS OUT OF OPTIONS.</i> <i> AND JUST WHEN THINGS
COULDN'T GET ANY WORSE...</i> <i> THEY DO.</i> <i> A STRAPPING YOUNG
WOLF HAS SPOTTED HIM.</i> <i> THIS TINY ISLAND
OFFERS NO ESCAPE.</i> <i> BUT APPARENTLY, OUR
CALF IS NO ORDINARY CALF.</i> <i> HOPELESSLY OUTMATCHED,
WITH THE COURAGE OF INNOCENCE,</i> <i> HE'S NOT GOING
DOWN WITHOUT A FIGHT.</i> <i> AND THE INEXPERIENCED
WOLF FLAILS.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> AND THEN, A NOISE.</i> <i> AN IMPOSSIBLE,
WONDERFUL NOISE.</i> <i> HERE COMES THE CAVALRY.</i> <i> BUT IS IT IN TIME?</i> <i> NARRATOR: WITH AN ADULT
BISON CHARGING TO THE RESCUE,</i> <i> OUR CALF NOW
TURNS ON THE WOLF.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> THE CALF SEEMS TO WONDER,</i> <i> COULD THIS REALLY
BE HIS MOTHER?</i> <i> IT SURE IS.</i> <i> AND THE WOLF CAN'T
BELIEVE HIS EYES.</i> <i> FAMISHED, THE PLUCKY
LITTLE FIGHTER LOSES NO TIME</i> <i> FILLING UP ON HIS
MOTHER'S RICH MILK.</i> <i> AND THIS WOLF HAS BEEN
THOROUGHLY BUFFALOED!</i> <i> IN YELLOWSTONE, SECOND
CHANCES ARE HARD TO COME BY</i> <i> AND IT'S GOOD TO BE ALIVE.</i> ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ <i> SPRING RUSHES INTO
SUMMER AND THE PARK</i> <i> SHOWS OFF ITS COLORS.</i> <i> SUMMER IS A TRULY
GLORIOUS TIME IN YELLOWSTONE.</i> <i> AND A GREAT TIME
TO BE A RIVER OTTER,</i> <i> OR EVEN BETTER, A
PAIR OF OTTER BROTHERS.</i> <i> TO SEE THESE GUYS IN
SUMMER IS A RARE TREAT.</i> <i> RIGHT NOW, YUMMY
YELLOWSTONE CUTTHROAT TROUT</i> <i> ARE FIGHTING THEIR WAY
UPSTREAM FROM LAKES TO SPAWN.</i> <i> MORE THAN THREE MILLION
YELLOWSTONE CUTTHROAT TROUT</i> <i> USED TO PLY THESE WATERS.</i> <i> BUT THE ILLEGAL
INTRODUCTION OF LAKE TROUT</i> <i> HAS DECIMATED THE POPULATION.</i> <i> OTTERS LOVE FISH.</i> <i> BROTHER HAS HIS LUNCH.</i> <i> THE OTHER CAN'T
QUITE REEL HIS IN.</i> <i> THIS SHOULD BE
LIKE FISH IN A BARREL.</i> <i> FINALLY, SUCCESS!</i> <i> BACK AT THE
SODA BUTTE CONDOS,</i> <i> INSISTENT MOUTHS
GAPE AT EVERY DOOR.</i> <i> THE CLIFF SWALLOW
PARENTS FRANTICALLY FEED</i> <i> THEIR INSATIABLE OFFSPRING,</i> <i> WHO WILL FLY THE
NEST IN JUST THREE WEEKS.</i> <i> BUT SOMETIMES MOM AND
DAD ARE SO ENTHUSIASTIC...</i> <i> EVEN THESE CHICKS CAN
GET A LITTLE UNGRATEFUL.</i> <i> THE DAYS OF SUMMER
PASS ALL TOO QUICKLY, HERE.</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE'S MAGNIFICENT
LANDSCAPES ARE A</i> <i> STUDY IN CONTRASTS.</i> <i> THIS PART OF THE
ROCKIES IS ANCIENT;</i> <i> ABOUT 75 MILLION YEARS OLD.</i> <i> BUT THE STEAMING PLAINS
ARE CONSTANTLY BEING REBORN,</i> <i> THANKS TO THE
SUPER-VOLCANO SIMMERING BELOW.</i> <i> HERE THE GUTS OF THE
PLANET ARE PERILOUSLY CLOSE</i> <i> TO THE SURFACE.</i> <i> GURGLING MUDPOTS
AND FUMAROLES,</i> <i> LIKE THE RED SPOUTER IN
THE FOUNTAIN PAINT POT,</i> <i> GIVE THE BAREST HINTS
OF THE POWER BENEATH.</i> <i> BUT 640,000 YEARS AGO,
IT BLEW UP WITH THE FORCE</i> <i> OF A THOUSAND ATOMIC BOMBS.</i> <i> AND THE GEYSERS REMIND
US THAT IT FULLY INTENDS TO</i> <i> BLOW UP AGAIN...</i> <i> SOME SAY IT'S OVERDUE.</i> <i> IT'S LATE SUMMER.</i> <i> OUR CALF IS
PACKING ON POUNDS.</i> <i> HIS RED COAT
IS TURNING BROWN.</i> <i> THERE'S EVEN THE TINIEST HINT
OF A HUMP GROWING ON HIS BACK.</i> <i> IT'S A BITTERSWEET
TIME FOR SOME.</i> <i> OUR THREE GRIZZLY CUBS
HAVE BEEN DRIVEN OFF BY</i> <i> THEIR ONCE-ATTENTIVE
MOTHER SO SHE CAN MATE AGAIN.</i> <i> SHE DID HER JOB WELL,
THOUGH...</i> <i> THEY'RE FAT AND STRONG.</i> <i> THE LAKE PROVIDES RELIEF
FROM THE HEAT AND ADDS SOME</i> <i> MUCH-NEEDED
GREENS TO THEIR DIETS.</i> <i> THEY FILL UP ON
TASTY AQUATIC PLANTS.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> WATER FIGHTS ARE GOOD FUN,
AND GENTLE PRACTICE FOR</i> <i> SETTLING SCORES LATER ON.</i> <i> THE TRIPLETS WILL SOON
GO THEIR SEPARATE WAYS,</i> <i> TO FACE THEIR
FIRST WINTER ALONE.</i> <i> AT THE LARGEST THERMAL
FEATURE IN THE PARK,</i> <i> THINGS ARE HEATING UP.</i> <i> THE GRAND PRISMATIC SPRING
GETS ITS VIVID COLORS FROM</i> <i> A RAINBOW OF
HEAT-LOVING BACTERIA.</i> <i> AND THE PLAINS NEARBY ARE
ABOUT TO HOST A SPECTACLE.</i> <i> THE BULLS ARE GATHERING.</i> <i> SOON THE FLATS WILL
REVERBERATE WITH THE THUNDER</i> <i> OF HOOVES AND THE
CRACK OF MIGHTY SKULLS.</i> <i> THE RUT IS ABOUT TO BEGIN.</i> <i> NARRATOR: THE BISON RUT
IS SHEER PANDEMONIUM.</i> <i> SNORTING AND SNUFFLING,
BELLOWING AND BELCHING MEANS</i> <i> THE AIR IS THICK
WITH TESTOSTERONE.</i> <i> THERE'S A GOOD DEAL OF
COMPETITIVE WALLOWING...</i> <i> BATHING IN DUST AND
ROLLING IN THEIR OWN URINE</i> <i> TO INTIMIDATE RIVALS.</i> <i> NOW FOR THE DOGGED
PURSUIT OF THE FEMALES.</i> <i> EACH DAY BRINGS MORE
BULLS TO THE VALLEY,</i> <i> LURED BY THE SCENTS AND
SOUNDS OF PROCREATION.</i> <i> MATING IS A QUICK AND
UNROMANTIC BUSINESS.</i> <i> IF IT TAKES, SHE'LL
CARRY THE BABY FOR NINE MONTHS</i> <i> THROUGH THE
MERCILESS WINTER AHEAD.</i> <i> TANGY HORMONES
DRIFT ON THE BREEZE.</i> <i> THE BULL IS ALREADY
CHECKING THE NEXT FEMALE:</i> <i> HE SAVORS HER
READINESS WITH A LIP-CURL.</i> <i> BUT THERE'S
TROUBLE ON THE HORIZON.</i> <i> A ONE TON LIVING
MOUNTAIN OF MUSCLE AND SKULL.</i> <i> AND HE'S READY TO RUMBLE.</i> <i> THE CHALLENGE
MUST BE ANSWERED.</i> <i> HIGH NOON IN THE
YELLOWSTONE CORRAL.</i> <i> THEIR MASSIVE
HEADS AND NECKS ARE</i> <i> BIOLOGICALLY ENGINEERED
TO ABSORB ENORMOUS IMPACTS.</i> ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ <i> NOW THERE'S A
NEW SHERIFF IN TOWN.</i> <i> OUR CALF, A TOUGH
LITTLE SURVIVOR,</i> <i> IS BOUND TO TAKE HIS PLACE
AMONGST THE BULLS ONE DAY.</i> <i> HE'S ALREADY SHOWN ENOUGH
COURAGE TO LAST A LIFETIME.</i> <i> THE BISON RUT DRAWS TO
ITS END IN EARLY AUTUMN.</i> <i> BY LATE SEPTEMBER...</i> <i> THE FALL SUN SETS
THE TETONS BLAZING.</i> ♪ ♪ <i> WHILE THE MOOSE
FATTEN UP FOR THE WINTER,</i> <i> THE ELK ANNOUNCE
THEIR OWN RUT HAS COME.</i> <i> THEN, THE PLACE
FALLS SILENT;</i> <i> THE BISON ENJOY A LAST
FEW MOMENTS OF PEACE BEFORE</i> <i> THE ONSLAUGHT OF WINTER.</i> <i> NOW ONLY THE VOLCANO
BELOW MAKES ITSELF HEARD.</i> <i> A REMINDER OF THE ENGINE THAT
POWERS AND PROTECTS THIS PLACE</i> <i> AND THE MAGNIFICENT
CREATURES WE ALMOST LOST.</i> <i> IN AMERICA'S
OLDEST NATIONAL PARK.</i> <i> YELLOWSTONE.</i>