Why do some people never get fat? | Why It Matters | Full Episode

she's always been the size always been petite it's very small before I met her after I met her after shed three kids extremely annoying [Music] I really really like nice night every hour usually I'm the trashcan of the group a lot whatever is left over well stuff it down my gullet yeah I'm in a well-rounded diet my favorite are to the Luna pizza me my favorite is Rudy partner [Music] I just don't get on yet oh yeah in Singapore over two million of us are overweight that's almost 40 percent of our population and this number is growing in this episode I want to explore one of life's greatest mysteries why do some people find it so difficult to lose weight and keep it off while others get to have the cake and eat it I want to find out the skinny on being skinny this is our world today complicated ideas news saturation information overload we'll delve into the issues break down the stories to see what matters and why it matters I have never met anyone or anything that's not trying to lose weight [Music] she's Mesa you can tell me what so currently my mom identify 75 and are you happy the wait and I've had some part of my belly [Music] [Music] everywhere I go everyone I meet tells me the same thing hello are you happy with your currently not really I'm trying to lose some weight for my ready I'll be into my god [Music] well I would like to go back to my pre-pregnancy weight of about 45 kilos all right it may not be a bad idea for Singapore to shed a few pounds according to a National Population Health Survey in 1992 about 26 in 100 in Singapore were overweight in 2017 that number increased to about 36 in 100 residents who were overweight if our waist lines continue to expand it will cost us more than 1.5 billion US dollars according to the world obesity foundation that's what it will cost to treat diseases related to obesity down the road the fitness industry in Singapore is having a good run with gym chains attracting huge crowds annual visits peaked in 2017 at two and a half million a 40 percent increase compared to 2010 [Music] today I am meeting Zachary lien he trains clients here you ready ready for your justjust watching Leno right no I'm not a penny short all right all right straight up here yeah we should go low low low chest touching the bar and press yourself back up all right hips away below hips away from the bar down and all right one last one [Laughter] twenty-nine-year-old zach ventured into personal training five years ago in that time he has helped numerous clients go from big to buff but he also realized not all of them kept the Bulge off so the number of clients you have has increased what about a number of dropouts well obviously it's great to look good right but we need to find something that sustainable having a six-pack is this easy it's just cutting all your carbs you know cutting all these yummy food that you like to eat and working out crazy light every day two hours or whatever you know but but honestly how sustainable is it it's not so much about how fast you lose weight to look like there but how sustainable after you know it's not getting better it's hard but maintaining it as hard as well and Zach's experience is born out of a wider study by the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition they found for those who do lose weight only about 20% of them manage to maintain the weight loss for at least a year eat less exercise more why is it that we are always being told to do that it turns out our ideas about exercise and weight came about from a 1953 study from a French physiologist dr. Zhang my a noticed that two lab mice who ate the same food deferred in size because the larger Mouse was less physically active [Music] in 1992 the Ministry of Health launched a program to promote healthy lifestyle the trim and Fitz program had overweight students doing intense physical exercise and activities a year later the great Singapore workout a nationwide exercise earned as a page in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest mass aerobic session held at one location today health hub recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for optimum weight loss despite this the latest statistics tell us that 36 percent of the population in Singapore between 18 and 69 are overweight dr. NARAS lapsus spent the last 14 years helping others win the war with weight he doesn't think the study is wrong but he thinks applying into real life is a tad complicated and exercise isn't the most efficient tool to keep the weight off it's not a great tool and because it's how much time you need to invest a meal like this one here the chicken and quinoa that's a 250 calorie meal but let's say for example it's part of your process was to be exercising to try to keep the calories in check you would need to run quite vigorously for about 25-30 minutes to burn off this nice healthy 250 calorie meal but I thought this was ought to be a healthy option we actually have to do quite a lot of exercise to actually burn a relatively few amount of calories this nasi lemak burger for example just the burger itself is twice the number of calories but what happens if you'd eaten the nasi lemak and the fries that's three times the amount so this might be a 90 minute run but not very many people have that amount of time and if you're doing 20 minutes or 30 minutes 40 minutes worth of exercise two or three times a week and thinking that you can then eat and drink how you wish you're in for a surprise well so it seems to me like exercise just plays a really small part in one's weight-loss journey should we just negate it there are many many reasons to exercise preserving lean muscle bulk making sure that body fat sizes contained keeping your joints and limbs subtle then it should be a very important component but as a weight loss component it doesn't play a major role since workouts for weight loss don't always work out can we then nip the problem in the butt I mean good [Music] way back in the 11th century William the conquerer indulge in the first ever recorded liquid tide of alcohol to cure his obesity since then there hasn't been a shortage of diets to try out there's the low fat diet self-explanatory you cut off fatty foods like salad dressing the purple diet where you eat everything that's purple purple food contain the antioxidant anthocyanin Mariah Carey swears by it but no one can exactly say why it helps people lose weight there's the diet where you don't eat anything at all for hours the intermittent fasting diet then there's the most googled diet of last year a high fat low carb diet known as the keto diet the shortage of carbohydrates causes the body to enter a state where instead of glucose body fat is burnt as fuel [Music] early this year yanti bruh Sally launched an online bakery that exclusively serves keto compliant cakes and sweet treats hi auntie approach Jacqueline a dietitian here because we want to talk about diet and she knows everything about it but you Yan T key tell us what is the current diet that your own at the moment I'm on keto diet I juice diet and I did cabbage diet only I eat cabbage soup for every meal for every meals yes you get your weight down very fast that you get very angry too what you just described is a lot of crash diets that have been around in the market for 10 20 years how quickly were you I'm on an under cabbage diet I think I lasted about 3 to 4 weeks on that one why do diets often fail because we all told calories in calories out just eat less and burn more then you lose weight you're going to a crash dieting it actually wreaks havoc on your metabolism because you're suddenly taking out so much food that your body has to survive on a lower amount of calories so that means your metabolism is really really low but then when you start to eat again because your metabolism has been suppressed for a while it's they suppress so that's why people have that rebound weight gain so many of us try to exercise or meticulously measure meals hoping to eat our way out of obesity but exercise routines are difficult to keep up with and restrictive mewn plants can impede our ability to burn calories so how do we lose weight it's time to turn to the thin for answers I've never been on a diet [Music] I rarely go to the gym and I've never been a fact is it my skinny jeans that are keeping me slim but how far can I stretch it to find out I checked myself into NUHS investigational medicine unit to meet doctor couch in Maine who specializes in metabolic disorders so I sure hope that this will allow me to find out why I can eat as much as I can and still remain skinny now what we are doing today is indirect calorimetry so it will help you to understand how your body responds to the meal the test starts by measuring my oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange at rest to determine my basal metabolic rate a medicine liquid meal and yes 60% carbohydrates so it's similar to what we usually all right after my liquid meal my metabolic rate is measured again this time to see how I respond to food okay now I have to graph here with me so this is actually the respiratory conclusion is a ratio of carbon dioxide's to oxygen right and it measures how your body responds to a meal and just now your your respiratory question is about 7.78 do you want a meal which is quite high you know a content of carbohydrates actually see your respiratory question Rises big-time okay we call this metabolic flexibility right so your body is able to switch you know according to the meal given to you for comparison I preserve for an obese person as well you can see the respiratory quotient and you know they don't change very much in response to the carbohydrate meals so this person is known as metabolic inflexible so does this mean that thin people and obese people will always metabolize differently okay you are coming to the set point theory all of us more or less you know we have predetermined body weight and so the the body processes you know or the regulatory mechanism will try to actually bring you back to this set point or range of weight for example let's let's say that you go for a holiday right and people usually eat more during holiday right so you have actually gained a kilogram or two kilogram during the holidays all right so then you come back you go back to your routine so the body regulatory mechanism the the physiology will bring the weight down to your range again so that's actually the reason many people will go for your coyote they fail because of you know they don't understand that you know the body will actually fight back you know the weight loss what dr. Khoo has just told me about is actually a set point theory the theory provides evidence that we are born with a natural weight range within which our body functions optimally when our weight falls outside of this range our body will fight to return to its comfortable setpoint weight it's even more unfair because our setpoint weight is determined long before you even take our first fight it's determined here [Music] [Music] black eyes straight hair birthmark these are not the only things that we are born with as I've just found out a less obvious thing that we inherit at birth is our weight [Music] dr. Neil Jack our nanny is a researcher from a star involved in Singapore's most comprehensive study on how a mother's diet and lifestyle during pregnancy affects a child's growth after birth is it true that our wait is kind of predetermined when we're in the womb well there are genetic factors that do control what we are going to be and so if a mother or a father is a base and that's determined by the genetics that it does get inherited by the child sensory genes related to taste to smell they can make us an individual who has more craving for sugary stuff to ate more calorie dense diets what are the factors affect a mother's a child in the womb if you are you know towards the older side of the spectrum that is above 35 years of age then your chances at that point of having any metabolic disorders is higher gestational diabetes which is a metabolic disorder that happens specifically during pregnancy and can have an impact on the child's weight so if you were born in overweight fetus or infant will that carry over to childhood and adulthood 70 percent of the kids who are born a base they continue to stay on the track obesity as adults too [Music] at one time Keith yup seemed destined to be that 70% [Music] yep he was clearly a chubby child still not sporting the skinny jeans at his heaviest Keith weighed one hundred and twenty three kilograms like the others before him Keith's weight fluctuated despite exercising and dieting hey nice to meet you hi nice to meet you it was only when he left his job as an insurance agent that he managed to maintain long term weight loss when his environment changed it made a world of difference right now how much do you weigh I'm live on 93 92 so almost 30 kilograms lost and you managed to maintain that weight loss yes how did you do that the old environment that I have which involves a lot around meeting people eating outside but once I'm here in the fitness industry I have no reason why I shouldn't be fit I should be working out so I changed my whole environment to something more healthier everyday when you walk into the gym you'll see people working out you'll see people burning their calories actually if I'm not doing it and they're doing it what's my time here in the gym every day right do you think that you would have achieved these results in terms of maintaining a weight loss if you didn't join the fitness industry mmm actually no not really it became a lifestyle for me and my job is to also bring people to come and join us in the gyms which is why I need to look the part if I am looking at like 120 kg coming up the usaa how about you come and join us I'm not gonna inspire you to come and join us right so if there is one thing I learn about sustained weight loss is that it requires consistency and tenacity if you can't pull a 180 degree change in your environment little tweaks in your existing lifestyle go a long way dr. Norris says one hack lies not in what we eat but how we he promised to spill the skinny tea over lunch but he told me to bring some pals and some plates I prepared what you asked me to I've got red pleats and white plates over here so what is happening so what I'd like is for these people who get the red plane two of them they're gonna choose the nice red marinara one person will choose the carbonara [Music] your other friends with the white plate we do it the opposite way around two of them we're going to get covered a carbonara and one is gonna get the marinara let's do a quick weigh-in so just place your plate onto the scales feel like I'm the glutton of the groom great let's have a look all right so what's going on why all these swaying and everything okay so this is actually a scaled-down version of a much bigger study what we found was that the people that were eating food that was matched to the same color at about 18 percent more calories than the people that had the mismatch plate and so if you have a look at yourself you actually chose a relatively biggest size volume of food mm-hmm and yourself way you took a much smaller size serve so it's not my fault that this happened that's exactly right yeah if you make changes to your lifestyle then your body can actually settle at a slightly lower weight when it comes to weight loss and keeping it off the small things add up so it's not simply a lack of willpower but our biology that makes it so difficult to lose weight if you're not biologically blessed dieting fads are not the way to go to achieve long-term success it is about weaving in new habits into a lifestyle such that you barely notice it that's why it matters [Music]

Channel: CNA Insider

Views: 1,229,942

Rating: 4.7268076 out of 5

Keywords: cna insider, cna insider documentaries, why it matters, joshua lim, health, fitness, body type, body wellness, skinny genes

Id: kNjdcqMaJMI

Length: 22min 40sec (1360 seconds)

Published: Fri Jan 31 2020

Reddit Comments

[u/trackofalljades]

They eat less than you think they do, and they’re a lot more active than you are?