[ Music ] >> He had been in this garden
before, it was a quiet place to pray, but this night
would be different, it would begin the culmination
of God's masterful plan. Jesus wrestled with what was
to happen, yet He submitted and said to God "Not My
will but Yours be done". [ Music ] >> Jeremy would come to
the Church of All Nations, would sit in the traditional
site in the garden of Gethsemane on the eastern side
of Jerusalem. >> Now obviously it's closed,
it's dark, we are not going to be able to get in and
it looks a lot different than it would have
when Jesus was here. We got modern city
streets, cars, lights, but if we can imagine
what it would have been like after Jesus final Passover
Meal with the disciples, they had sung their songs, Jesus
has prayed for them as recorded over in John and then they
come up here for Jesus to pray multiple times. What's one of the reasons
that coming up at night it's so important specially
looking back to Jerusalem? >> Well understanding
that when Jesus and His disciples were here,
it would have been dark, they didn't have the
light we have today, they wouldn't be able to
see the walls of Jerusalem, they wouldn't able to see
the gates and John tells us about the army coming out with
their lanterns and torches and weapons, Jesus would have
been able to see that from here. >> Now, that's really heighten
by this dark atmosphere, it's going to be
great to get in there and see what that looked like. >> We'll do that tomorrow. >> Jesus had the reputation
of going to that spot, to that that garden to pray
and He knew what was happening that night, during the Passover
meal He actually sent Judas out to do what He
was going to do. For anybody else, if they
knew what was going on, the would have gone
to an alternate spot, they would have gone to
a spot that was different than the routine, to be safe
and to keep himself from harm, but Jesus didn't vary His
routine, He still went through what He normally
went, knowing that that's where Judas would find him. [ Music ] I was a little disappointed we
couldn't get in to the garden of Gethsemane at
night, I understand why but it's exciting to go back. >> Yeah, they had a special
prior service going on, being there in day time we'll
have even a better perspective, we'll be able to see things even
clearer than we did last night. >> It's such an emotional place,
I mean Jesus was so vulnerable when He was in the
garden praying the night that He was arrested. I don't even know how to
anticipate what that is going to be like to be there. >> Jeremy we are at the
court yard of the Church of All Nations which sets
in the traditional location of the Garden of Gethsemane,
this building was built in the 1920s and it was built
on top of the foundations of the fourth century
Byzantine Chapel and the 12th century
Crusader Basilica. In the first century there
was an oil press here, of course in Aramaic the word
Gethsemane means oil press. During the times of Jesus
this would have been the area where they would have crushed
all of the olives that come from olive trees from what we
know is the Mount of Olives. >> There are some cultural
ideas about the various numbers of olive pressing, you put
the olives in, you press it, in the first pressing
went to this and the second pressing
went to this, the third pressing would be
used for this, and so the fact that Jesus was in an area
known for it's olive press and that He prays
and pours himself out under intense pressure
three different times is very significant. >> This was a place where
He was known to go to, for just some solitude and
so this is a place where, on the night He was betrayed He
felt it was a good place for Him to go and talk to His
father and He carried some of the disciples there with him. >> To be able to walk in
to a grove of olive trees, especially one as old as the one
we went to is really special. >> That whole area is
really only about the size of half of a football field. If the church building or the
olive trees aren't sitting in the exact location,
is very close. [ Music ] >> Jesus prayed all
trough His life, prayer was something special
for him, He set aside time to make sure to commutate
with the father, this night was specially
significant for him, it's just before His betrayal,
is just before His arrest, He comes here to pray
three times to ask God if there's any way possible
that He could avoid the cross and everything that went
along with the cross. The Gospels tell us that Jesus
prayed, that He had a habit of praying, that He would
go out by himself to pray, but is not very often that
the Gospels give us the words of His prayers and so to
have those words on the eve of such a momentous day is
really, really special and then to understand that
it was several times that He offered a
very similar prayer, that's how intense He was on it
and the answer was given to Him with the light of a torches
coming down, the answer is no, this is the way and He
submitted himself to God's will. When He was done with that
third prayer He gathered up His disciples and
He made a statement, Mathew and Mark recorded for us,
He said "Rise, let us be going, for my betrayal is at hand". Now, how does He know that? >> Well, I think there
is a possible explanation in John the 18th chapter,
in verse one it says "When Jesus had spoken
these words, He went out with His
disciples across the Kidron, where there was a garden where
He and His disciples entered". Now Judas who betrayed
Him also knew the place for Jesus often met
there with His disciples, so Judas having procured a band
of soldiers and some officers from the chief priests and
the Pharisees went there with lanterns and torches and
weapons, do you remember when we where here last night
and it was dark? Now, picture yourself in
that environment with regard to this passage, the
gate that you see across the valley here
is the eastern gate, that gate was build in
the sixth century and sits in the foundations
of an earlier gate. Now think about that, a band
of soldiers with lanterns and torches, coming in at night,
Jesus could have easily look across that valley and seeing
those people were coming, He had the opportunity to
do something but He didn't, He stayed right here
for you and me. And we don't know exactly which
gate those soldiers came out, but that gate seemed
logical, given its location, Jesus clearly would have
seen them; maybe for as much as ten minutes before they
arrived there in the Garden of Gethsemane, He would have
had plenty of time to run. >> Imagining what you are
asking us to think about, the night time prayers and being
able to see those lit torches from the group that were coming
up with weapons to arrest Him and then thinking
about the journey that Jesus has already taken,
He's already come from heaven, come to earth, taken on flesh,
He came all the way down, but this was a trip that
He easily could have made if He wanted to, when
He saw the threat of danger coming He could have
run off, He could have gone to Bethany over across the
top of the Mount of Olives, He could have gone to Bethpage,
He could have gone back to Jerusalem, He could have
done any number of things, but He didn't take that journey,
He stayed and He allowed himself to be arrested and crucified. [ Music ] >> In the Israel Museum
they have a number of things that relate to the
life of Jesus but one in particular is the ossuary
of Caiaphas the High Priest, during that time, when
Jewish people died, they would have laid them in a burial chamber wrapped
their body and after a year, the body itself has decomposed
and was left to the bones, then would take those bones
and put them in a ossuary, a bone box and they found
the ossuary of Caiaphas. >> They have several
ossuaries in that one, so you can actually compare,
there are some that are very, very simple, there's actually
the ossuary of a crucified man that has a remnant of his ankle
bone with a nail still in it, that ossuary is very plain
compared to Caiaphas'. Annas and Caiaphas, they were
the high priests and I say that because really Annas
was the high priest according to the Jews, that was a role
that you held for the duration of your life, but for the roman
perspective that was a title that past along to
different people, the way that that political
family maintained that role was to make sure that from the roman
prospective different younger men within the family
would rotate the title, but functionally Annas was
the one behind all of that, pulling the string
in the background. What the Gospels explain
to us is that the man in that family had actually
prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation and that they had
been looking for opportunities to arrest Him and kill him. >> Well Judas provided
that opportunity for them; he approached them and said that
he would be able to give Jesus over to them, identify
Him for them and so that's exactly what
happened in the Garden of Gethsemane and of course
Jesus then was arrested and He was brought to the
house of Annas and Caiaphas which would have set on the
western hill in the city of Jerusalem, it was a place
that was high on the hill, important people of the
city would have lived there, and that's the location
that we visited. [ Music ] >> After Jesus was arrested in the garden they would have
led Him up this way to the home of Annas and Caiaphas to
begin that night a series of trials to condemn him. Now, we are in a spot that
you think is really important to that story. >> We are at the church of
Saint Peter in Gallicantu, Gallicantu is Latin
for the "Cock's Crow", so this is the traditional
location of where the house of Annas and Caiaphas was
located, the same location where Peter denied
Christ while he was here. >> Now from this spot I
can see the Mount of Olives and the spot just above where
the Garden of Gethsemane was. There's an ancient that looks like a 1st century
road behind us, how would that had
play a role that night? >> That road led from the upper
city to the lower city here of Jerusalem, if you
notice in the scriptures, Annas and Caiaphas and
the people that were here, did not seem to be
surprised that Jesus showed up in the middle of the night, well because they
could see Him coming. From here you would have the
vantage point of being able to see the torches in Gethsemane
and then as they led Jesus here and this road that's behind
us was probably a road that Jesus was led up. >> Both Annas and Caiaphas
could have look from their house and they would have seen those
torches going to the garden and then start making
their way back toward them and they would have known that
their plot to arrest Jesus and ultimately kill
Him was in motion. >> There are some things
inside this building that I think give
some credibility for this being their
proximate location. [ Music ] Jeremy, look at this door. It's a picture of Jesus
and He's instructing Peter that He is going to
deny Him three times and of course we
know Peter does that. [ Music ] Come on inside. Jeremy one of the
reasons why they feel like this could possibly be
the location of the house, is the fact that they found this
5th century Byzantine mosaics here and if the Byzantines
built a church here, they must have thought this
site was important as well. [ Music ] Jeremy, here's a hole
on the floor that sets above this holding
cell down here, a prisoner would have been let
down with ropes into this area, when we get down there
you'll be able to look up and see this from below. >> So you are saying that the
Byzantine Church was built on top of this first
century dungeon. There're a couple of hours
when His trials with Annas and Caiaphas were completed and
before the Sanhedrin could meet in the morning, it's likely
He could have been held in a place liker this. >> Even for important Jewish
leaders it would have been out of the ordinary for
them to have a holding cell down in the bottom
of their house. Whoever lived here was
someone of importance who would have been
in the position that they would have had
the need to hold prisoners for either a trial or
some sort of hearing. >> On top of that you
have a number of Mikvah, religious baths on the front
of the property which indicates that this person is
a person of means, there are religious persons
and other than ordinary people that have what they perceive
to be a need to hold people and restrain them
down in the basement. [ Music ] >> Jeremy, we are down in this
holding cell underneath the bottom of this church, you can
see that above there's a hole that we saw earlier, they would
hold and let down the prisoner into this holding cell. This hole was originally a
Mikvah, which is a ritual bath but obviously it's been
cut deeper for the purposes of holding a prisoner down here. >> How ironic that a place where
they would have been coming down to get ceremonially
cleaned, it's a place where they would
have lower a prisoner and held them for a while. >> This would have been a very
dark, lonely place for anybody who would have been down here. >> I have done work in prisons, and in almost every prison there
is a place that they send them for isolation, to cut them
off from everybody else and for anyone who've been
lower down through here, the only way out, a hole
on the ceiling, 20 feet up, they would have felt
completely isolated and we know Jesus
felt similar to that, having all of His closest
associates run away from Him and give up on him. It would have been a
very hunting experience. >> Imagine any prisoner
who would have been lower down in here, with the ropes
tied underneath their arms, how uncomfortable that would
have been and of course, once a prisoner got down here,
they would have let the ropes out there and so
they would look down and saw the prisoner was
sleeping or something like that, they could have jerked
on the rope and of course woken them up, just another way
of torturing them. >> Now, there was something
else when we walked pass on our way down, a room
that has some ropes on the side, what was that? >> That was a place where
they could have punished the prisoners if they wanted to,
they could have stretched them out with ropes tided
on each arm, on each leg where they could
have whipped the prisoner or done whatever they
wanted to do with them. >> We know that Jesus was
mistreated during His trials with Annas and Caiaphas, we
know that they spit on Him, we know that they struck Him. There was more that was
going to happen to Him when His was turned over
to Pilate and Herod, but He wasn't treated well
when He was with Annas and Caiaphas by any means. >> No He wasn't. >> We need to try to put
ourselves in Jesus position, He's been out for full
24 hours at this point and this is probably one of the first moments being
lowered down, if He were put in a place like this where He's
finally calmed and to himself but how isolated
we would have felt, how tired He would have
felt and how these trials for the first time
during this process where they have finally
physically abused Him and what that have felt being
assaulted and so rejected by the people He
was coming to safe. There's a passage over in Psalms
that might help someone relate to how Jesus may have been
feeling in that moment. "But I Lord, cry out to you, in the morning my
prayer comes before you. Oh lord why do you
cast my soul away and why did you hide
your face from me. Afflicted and close to
death from my youth up; I suffer your terrors,
I'm helpless. Your wrath is swept over me; your dreadful assaults
destroy me. They surround me like
a flood all day long; they closing on me all together. You've caused my beloved
and my friend to shun me and my companions
to become darkness". It's really easy to imagine
Jesus feeling that way and mourning hours prior to be
sent out to Pilate and Herod as all of His apostles
scatted from Him and he'd been mistreated and was
getting ready to be sent over. >> Regardless of whether not
this is the exact location of where this happened,
it's still a vivid reminder of everything Jesus went
through for you and me. [ Music ] >> It was also during this
period, just on the hills of the conclusion of
the illegal trials when Judas comes
back into the story. It's my personal opinion that
Judas never really anticipated that this would progress
as far as it did. I think he assumed that Jesus
would be able to walk away from this on unscathed
very similar to how He walked thru
the mob that was trying to throw Him off
the hill in Nazareth when they rejected Him there
and ten when he realized that had progressed to
that point in the morning when the Sanhedrin found
Him guilty of blasphemy and they were going
to take Him to Pilate, it's when he rushes back to
give the money back and feels such guilt over that and
they refuse to take it but he throws it to their
feet and then he goes out and hangs himself. I really believe that Judas
didn't think it was going to go as far as it did. >> The story of Judas
is interesting and sad, one of the over looks that you
have there at the church looks over at the southern
side of the Hidden Valley and there's a portion
of land over there that has been divided off and
that's the traditional side of the field of blood. The field that was purchased
with the money that Judas threw down and the priest's feet, when
he realized what was happening. The other thing that
is interesting about Judas is the fact that
we have other people during the time of Jesus Crucifixion who
did things that shouldn't have. Peter denied Christ, all of
the other disciples fled, however all of the other
disciples came back to Jesus, Judas had that opportunity
as well, he had a choice he could make, he could have easily
have come back to Jesus and said I'm sorry
but he didn't. There's a lesson for
all of us in that, but a sad lesson
that we have learnt. >> In that one spot, you're
reminded of Peter's denial and you can see the
potter's field where Judas chose a very
different response to his guilt. He chose alienation from
Christ and just wallowing in his guilt instead of
coming back to a gracious Lord who forgave the one
who'll deny Him later on. I think is a powerful place. When Jesus trials with Annas
and Caiaphas were concluded in the morning they took
Him over to the Sanhedrin to be tried there in
one of the likely places for that was the
temple Mount behind us. Now, when that trial was all
wrapped up they took Jesus over to Pilate because the
Jews didn't have the authority to condemn someone to death,
now one of the likely places for that is over a place
called Herod's Palace. [ Music ] >> We went to The Kishle
which is part of the Tower of David Museum on the
western side of the old city of Jerusalem, very
close to the Jaffa Gate. This compound is built on
top of where the palace of Herod would have
been in First century. This is the probable
location of the Pilate and Herod Antipas were located
during the trials of Jesus. A number of years
ago in the city of Caesarea they actually
found a stone which talks about Pontius Pilate
being the prefect of Judea which is very interesting
because of course it's and extra Biblical reverence that confirms what the
Bible says about Pilot. >> It's has been removed
from its original site and then reused as a step in the amphitheater there
in Caesarea Maritima. Now, some people that have
questioned the existence of Pilate and they have
questioned His role as described in the Bible and so to find
this stone that mentions that He was the Prefect, which was a role they have
been questioning just helps substantiate the biblical text. [ Music ] >> Wow! This is beautiful,
this is incredible. This room is called The Kishle
and in the 1940s it was a prison but after Israel gained
His independence in 1947, they were able to come in here
and do some excavation work and they found civilizations
going all the way back to the first century. >> You can actually still see
the remnants of the prison bars in the roof where
they cut them out. >> This is really a great space. What we have at the very top of
the layers from the 20th century when the prison was here and as they began digging they
found ruins that aged back to the crusaders in the 12th
century and then the Byzantines in the fourth and fifth century and of course what we
are most interested in, is what they found here in the
very bottom which dates back to the second temple period
or the first century AD. This would be the foundation
of King Herod's Palace that sets here at the
western side of Jerusalem. So that would be a Herodian
section, dating to the same time as that first century road
over by the Temple Mount. >> That's right. >> So you just keep marching
down through the centuries and you get to the time of Jesus
and something that was pointed out to us was that on either
side of that wall are tunnels that run in opposite directions
and knowing Herod the Great and how paranoid he was,
he had built these tunnels for escape purposes, primary
to move water but also to get away in case
he needed to. So, just above that was where
the trial of Jesus took place. What I have always heard is
that Jesus' trial before Pilate and Herod actually took place over at the Antonia Fortress
connected to the Temple Mount, but you are saying that is
more likely it took place here at Baris Palace on the
other side of town. >> Well it is possible, that
was a military barracks during that time but it seems
more natural to me that Pilate would
have been here. Most of the time he would been
ruling in Caesaery Amir Temur, which was the Roman
Administrative capital of this area but because
he's a political figure and because he wanted to be near
the people he would have been in town for the Passover. Same way with Herod Antipas,
he normally would have been in Tiberias but of course
he had come to town as well. In Mark 15, it tells us that
after He was arrested and taken to Annas and Caiaphas and to the
Sanhedrin, that He was then led to the Palace, to the Praetorium which would have been
this location right here. >> And I think people need
to realize the difference between the two spaces. Antonia Fortress is a
smaller military barracks, Herod's Palace here on the other
side of town was a large estate, so it makes sense that
the Roman governor for the area would
have taken one of the largest most beautiful
places as his in town residence when he came to Jerusalem. >> We also read in the
scriptures in Mathew 27 that Pilate's wife was here,
it seems unnatural to me that she would have been over
to the military barracks; she would have been
here at the palace. >> Pilate know that they
are coming and he comes out of the Palace to meet
them and they are trying to get Him condemned before
Pilate, there's a mob forming, Pilate takes Jesus
back into the Palace and has a dialogue
with Him one on one. What is this about
the accusation about you being the
king of the Jews? >> And during that
questioning Pilates learns that Jesus is a Galilean
and so, Pilate says, I have found a solution,
I'll give Him to someone else so he sends Him across the
courtyard over to Herod Antipas. >> And so in verse eighth where
in says, "When Herod saw Jesus, He was very glad for He had
long desired to see Him, because he had heard about
Him and He was hoping to see some sign done by Him. And I think we need to put
ourselves in Jesus' shoes. Jesus and His family fled
to Egypt to escape being put to death by Herod the
Great, Herod Antipas' father and Herod Antipas was the Herod who had killed His
cousin John the Baptist and now He is standing in front
of the killer of His cousin and this man is really
only interested in seeing Jesus perform
parlor tricks. Jesus knows He is not going to get a fair trail
in front of this man. I think it helps to understand
the mental pressure and anguish that Jesus was going through
and exhaustion that He was under and He's sent back to Pilate. His wife says has got nothing
to do with this innocent man, I have suffered a lot
because of dreams. He performs this perverse form
of mercy that He has Him beaten, He has Him flogged, He's
mocked by the soldiers and then he leads Him back out
and says, "behold your King, I found no fault in him" and
the people this cry out for Him to be crucified and they
actually ramp out the charges against Him over in John. When He comes out and tells them
look, "I don't find any guilt in Him, the Jews answered,
we have a law and according to that law He ought to die
because He has made himself to be the Son of God," not
only has He claimed to be king, but He's made himself
to be Divinity and so Pilate quickly
grabs Jesus and comes back into the Palace, talks to Him
some more and from verse 12 "Then on Pilates
sought to release Him, but the Jews cried out, 'If you
release this man you are not Caesar's friend". And so everything is escalating,
the mob is getting unruly, there's a possibility that
Pilate could be charged with being against Caesar,
which would be death for him. We know what happened; He
ends up washing his hands and turning Him over to the
Sanhedrin to be crucified. [ Music ] >> One of the best views
of Jerusalem, the old city, is from the top of
the Lutheran Church, well over a hundred steps and a winding staircase all
the way up, but once you get up there is one of
the best views of the old city of Jerusalem. [ Music ] >> How gorgeous! >> Yeah, I'll let you catch
your breath for a second. I brought you out here because
I want to show you something. >> Okay. >> The two blue domes on the top
of the Church of Holy Sepulchre; that church sits on the
traditional location where Jesus Christ died,
was buried and rose. The big dome on the left
sits on top of the Edicule where they say He was
buried and the smaller dome on the right sets on top
what they think is Calvary where He died. >> What a great perspective, what a great view
of a built city. >> It really is, I love coming
up here and seeing this. As nice as this view is, actually there is something
I want to show you that is down below the church. >> Below, back down
all the stairs? >> All the stairs. [ Music ] In the basement of this
church are a number of things they found
archeologically. The main thing I wanted to
show you was the remains of the First Century
garden in Jerusalem. >> So, Mark tells us that Jesus
was led out to be crucified and then John specifies that
He was still near the city, so what do both of those
passages have to do to where we are standing? >> Interestingly enough where
we are standing is outside the city, now, how do we know that? Well, for many years the wall
behind us was thought to be the city wall from first century
Jerusalem. Scholars have since changed the. but still believe the wall came
through this area somewhere. Everything on the other side of
the wall would have been inside
the city. Everything out would have
been outside of the city. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre for which we believe is
the traditional location of Jesus Crucifixion. Would have taken place about
200 feet in that direction. >> We can imagine people coming
through the gate of the wall to access the point in Golgotha
where Jesus was crucified. >> That's correct. >> Right in front of us, according to what I've been
reading, is this shaft that goes down about 40 feet, back in the early seventies
they did some excavation and they actually
hit Quarry bedrock from the time of
Herod the Great. What can you tell us about
the layers in this shaft? >> Well, you're right; down at
the very bottom there's a Quarry from the time of King Herod. He used rocks from this
Quarry to build the walls and the other structures
inside the city. Probably another
ten to twelve feet above that is a garden layer
that actually dates to the time of Jesus, so about 30 AD. Another ten or fifteen feet
above that is a large section of basically residue, it was just a dumping
ground during the time of Hadrian around 135 AD. >> So if we can imagine going
back to that second layer, that layer of garden and imagine
right up against the wall, the wall extending down
another 30 - 35 feet, down to the garden layer where Jesus was led
up to be crucified. It helps us imagine
how large the wall was and how much history is
taking place in between now and then it was out into that
garden layer that Jesus was led to be crucified in Golgotha. What Barry was able to do for
us was show us more evidence that helps us understand that
our Bible and the descriptions of the crucifixion are accurate. Just in that one stop
Barry is able to point out the traditional
crucifixion site of Jesus was outside the city
walls, there was also a garden in that same spot
and the Bible talks about both of these things. It makes the Bible come alive
to see things like that. [ Music ] We are on our way to
Church of Holy Sepulchre. What's the route that
you are taking us? >> We are currently
on the Via Dolorosa. We are in the Muslim
quarter of the old city; Via Dolorosa is Latin
for the Way of Sorrows. It marks the traditional
path that Jesus took between His condemnation by
Pontius Pilate and Golgotha. >> Now, between here
and the Church of Holy Sepulchre are called
the nine stations of the cross, inside you got five
for a total of 14. >> There's a number
of those stations, there aren't Biblically based,
they are tradition than anything and the path of Via Dolorosa
has changed many times over the centuries. The current path, of course
even if it's accurate is still about 20 feet or so higher than
the first century Jerusalem. Whatever path Jesus
took from Pilate to the cross it would have
been hilly the whole way which of course is one
more layer of the suffering that He went through
for all of us. >> It's helpful to think about
what would have been going through His mind as He was
led trough those trials as He was led outside
the city as He carried and dropped His cross as
Simon of Cyrene was enlisted to pick it up and carry
it the rest of the way. To realize that I
was near the places where those events took place
and that people kept track of those locations for
thousands of years because is so important, it was a
very sobering moment. [ Music ]
