Power supply project - How to light a BBQ using pure electronics :P #Beginners diy projects

hello again hopefully this time will be right so i do have zero draw frames so should be fine okay hopefully will be fun this time i'm not good with the we are live streaming hello another coffee no i still have my coffee it's still here and i did had like two before so i'm okay yeah it seems to be fine just let me know if you still lagging no luck thank you so i think we are fine yeah okay let's go back to the power supply what we did last uh again what we did last uh last video we'll go together uh today with the short circuit rotation and pcb yeah and we will do the pcb on an easy way yeah on an easy way i'll see no lagging that's great that's fantastic okay so for the show circuit protection what the people ask on the comments from the last video we will do the easy way like the any power supply is doing using a relay and i do have a relay here somewhere yeah using something like that i should be fine so we have a relay 10 amps 5 volts 5 volts yeah 5 volts that should be fine i remember i had a 12 volts one let me check maybe not that's not important you know it's not important if 5 volts is fine it's okay hello good morning good morning there's so many people here okay we'll use a relay where we will connect the relay will be on the output yeah the people remind me last time we forget to move the the yellow wire from the voltmeter here on the end and we will do it this time so the relay will be here so here we'll connect our relay okay now the schematics of the short circuit protection is simple so these are the the contacts of the relay and the coil of the relay we will do something like that plus the main voltage and obviously ground is ground we have a full five volts relay that's what we have to keep in mind you know uh you'll have the transistor a npn transistor and we will use the relay on the emit area so on this way so here will be the coil of the relay relay to ground and we have to regulate the voltage so leave that center diode here oh hello britech just having a coffee you know okay we'll use that center diode here on the base with a resistor from the collector obviously and on the base of this one another transistor connected to ground still the same npn and here a resistor which is going straight to the output here okay and one capacitor here we need a delay just a small delay that's what the capacitor will do here so how this will work hello are so many people here just you know feel like home and make make comfortable so how this will work yeah in a case of short circuit here does mean with the ground does mean this resistor okay on a normal case no no it's too complicated let's say in a normal case when we have voltage on the output we have voltage here uh this transistor will be open but open and close means uh different things for different people yeah so another base i have 0.6 volts 0.6 volts this will be open the current will go through it will short this voltage to ground so my relay will not be clicking yeah will not be on so okay these contacts are normal uh normal uh yeah it's very important because on the on the relay you have like the normal uh without applying the the voltage on coil you have you know one way when you apply voltage one when you don't it's hard to explain but we'll see don't worry we'll see on that because uh this is new you know i never design a short circuit protection so when is short yeah here will be voltage yes okay one will be shorter on the output here we'll have no voltage if there's no voltage here here i will have plus plus 5 volts and the transistor will it will open the relay bank problem solved the should work on the paper is working we will see on the we'll see on the on the real life if it's working so we'll use one kilo ohm resistor here five volts center diode like any transistor here any transistor here let's say 10 kilometer resistor here 22 micro here so she'll be fine but obviously it's it's all about what you have at home yeah if you don't have a 5 volts relay use a 12 volts one if you don't have a 12 volts you use a 24 volts but obviously the diode will have different value depends of what relay do you have yeah so i have a five volts relay i'll use a five five volts uh center diode okay yeah another question on the on the last uh the last video was the people they actually don't have a big transistor like a powerful one and they want to use two on the parallel mode parallel mode is like what you hear parallel mode basic bass collector recollector but on the emitter you have to use the resistor so let's say used to transistor on a parallel mode collector together and on diameter if you want to carry more power yeah base base is base is together with this base but on the emitter use two resistors that's very important these resistors doesn't seem important but they are yeah so on the end you have one emitter you have one base and one collector the resistor i will say 0.10 0.20 something like that ohms okay now let's see yeah because we are around 150 people here why do we need these resistors why this are very important let me see if i can i remember someone sent me the schematics from that amplifier there is no here oh it is so why do we need resistors there you remember that i would do amplifier actually someone sent me the schematic i want to thank you but you know it was too late the amplifier was fixed so let's have a look together yeah even on the audio this is not our new amplifier remember we made three videos with that on the amplifier on the on the audio amplifier on the output here you have to transistor on parallel mode you see these two transistor and here to transistor on parallel mode just ignore the fact on the base we have 46 7 ohms but on the and the emitters are together but on the collectors we have 0.25 ohms resistor you remember the big white ones the resistor to balance the current why why why why this configuration the parallel mode need need a balance so why need a balance you know that's just that that's the answer why do we need to balance obviously yeah to balance the current but why why why do we need and you will find this register in any on any on any amplifier or any configuration when you use the transistor on a parallel mode so why do we need resistors no this is not darlington these are two transistors on a parallel mode because of current yeah but why i'm using two same transistors yeah like what we said last time uh 2n or tip zero five five yeah anyone knows from the chat why do we need these resistors come on people it's simple yeah zx yeah but why y is not a balance so i'm using same transistors here yeah on the parallel mode on any device you use two same transistors wide there is not a balance and you actually have to use some resistor to balance something what do you mean are not perfectly the same just what do you mean synchronize the gates to split the current now that's not the answer that's not the answer to pass same yes okay yes to pass same current on both resistors but why they are not the same because if they will pass same amount of current we don't need these resistors okay finally someone figure it out different amplification yeah that's the secret yeah because each term is a transistor he said like the people they are not the same so the amplification factor is different okay yeah thank you for that so i think we are ready we are ready to use the board now when you do pcb okay you can do it on two ways oh why why my stream why is lagging again why i have a error here this is crazy what happened with the so the the livestream is still lagging so i got error and i have no idea why you know you know when you don't have any idea so please use a keyframe frequency of 4 seconds or less or less currently keyframes are not being sent often enough which will cause both buffering yeah this is it's it's everything is on auto mode here stream no output video no output keyframe interval seconds zero auto it's on auto mode i don't understand why we have this issue no luck okay that's fine if it's working it's okay thank you no luck a champion okay let's see so now when you are doing pcb like how you are doing how how you put the schematics here you can do it like on a normal way that's the long way actually you draw the you draw the schematic you make the pcb layout yeah you burn the board and after that you make the holes and yeah after that you put the components obs is not recording 35 fps this is not recording it's a live stream and i do have 30 fps with zero drop frames i have no idea well i will check i will check later yeah so we can do pcb like on the old style actually we can't because i don't have a you know a drill machine to make the holes but anyway if you are doing on the on the normal style one actually you have to make the holes when you use the pcb on the case you have to use you know some things to keep the board uh on the distance from the anything yeah but my way you know when you are doing something for yourself my way do the pcb with the component solder on this side of the board so you will have this you know you can stick it with double tape with double tape on something and the board will be protected protected against like you know any vibration especially on the linear power supply yeah you know what i mean spacers yeah thank you thank you yeah so you can really know but you know one only one i think you have to make up so many holes is that you know that's enough to scare any people doing something like that okay so let's do it on the you know on the old style okay i don't have a paint you have to use some paint you know um what's the name anyway i don't have paint so i asked diana to borrow me some you know nail finger fingernail paint you know nail polish nail polish yeah so you can use nail polish this pcb you can get it from ebay if you want to do it okay so let's do the the drawing fast maybe it's a good idea just to draw with the with the pen first polish yeah yeah diana just okay but just think how it's easy you know this is too big anyway but let's see what we can do so let's do first the schematic you'll have to put this like that so my transistor will be around here because i'm sure people they will try to replicate this and okay first we have the plus plus is here a big plus so we have the truck going here this should be a big truck because it's carry current even if you solder the truck totally we'll be fine good morning okay what do we have next we have the transit a big one so on the big one we have like that so we have the base collector and emitter our keys so this will be tricky you know i i haven't done this from when i was a kid yeah so from that point i never done a game like a pcb on the on the wheel style so please be patient yeah it's new if it's for you even for me it's new okay so we have the base yeah we have the collector and emitter so the base what is the next component we have the emitter of the other transistor okay so here we can use a dot there and our collector can can should i should come with the truck here will be more easy okay is no problem we'll come with the collector here collector i don't even know if it will work it will work like to burn this pcb on the under this thingy so this arrived very clock core chloride so hopefully it will work because you know the concentration of the the thing is it's important so hopefully we'll be fine good so if here we have the base that's fantastic because the next pin the collector is with the collector together so here is the next dot for our transistor fantastic even better yeah and now this is emitter emitter okay collector on base and our base will be here from this one here no there this one that's the base good the next one is the input we have one uh oh we need a led yeah last time we didn't put the led so led should be here okay with a resistor on a stereo mode leds are nice okay and resistor led here and after that ground we can go with ground so what do we have next we have this resistor okay we have one resistor is going here and next we have the center diode so here it's a truck and after that we have the center diode 10 center here is going to ground okay the base on this one we have an external one i bought an external potentiometer yeah so you'll use something like that so in this case just try to make it uh you know logical so here we'll go to the potentiometer this one yes that one and after that we have one on the ground ground which is this and this and the middle one i can't put it here because if i come with the truck like that will be not okay not be okay so here we have the base of this transistor or you can get a we can make here a spot to solder a wire which is going to the potentiometer yeah i know it's long what do you mean old school i don't i you know you know what i know i'm this is old school but how do you do it on these days you know that breadboard that's that's that's you you can't work with something like that i try i try to work but it's it's nothing like to be clear the fly thank you for the super chat thank you uh so if you are you know you try to do something like that if you use that thing with the pins you put the pins inside that's that's that's nothing you know it's nothing good actually here you have a lot of current you you'll want to carry like up to five amps what you can use you can use the breadboard but you have to solder each thing and actually all the board will be like one solder it's you know i i think you know this is the easy way because the pcb which is the easy way to build anything you know from home okay that's the the here and we need the this transistor so from the base of this one we do have this transistor this is just a simple thing it's nothing complicated so you have this transistor collector here collector and we have the [Music] emitter on the base good next one is this uh this big resistor coming from the emitter of this one and the big ones let's put them here one here the square one here one here and i think it's uh it's okay if we make space for another one like that a lot like that and that's the output so what we have we have the adjustable thing like someone said on the comments hello hi new people here someone said in the comments sorry but make a make a limit on the current because you know it's it's quite dangerous to go with the current like we got we go last time like over one over eight amps so because of that we will leave this on board the adjustable resistor and you lose a potentiometer i have a hundred ohms one somehow in a parallel mode with this one so we can set up a limit from the board and after that we can adjust on that limit yeah pcb transfer paper yeah but after that after that pcb transfer paper you need a program to design it on the computer yeah it's i don't know you know it's it's just uh it's just you know it's a bit of headache it's more easy to do it on this way with the schematic on your uh yeah good so what do we need we need this adjustable thing yeah we should put it here here here they see three things here so one is going here the other end is going here and the middle is going on the base okay then we have one more track from the emitter there okay we need one more spot for uh for the voltmeter power which will be here now the ground let's take care of ground what do i want more this is i need i want a capacitor from here here here here let's put it here from here to here this is ground next need army turbo diameter it's on the ground will be on the end let's uh let's let's uh do the short circuit protection with the relay hello hey people there thank you for being here guys yeah okay way from a capacitor from output yeah okay that's good they should be together good and after that i said we have to put a relay let's draw the relay so the relay one more time it's not okay one second i'll try to figure it out so the coil will be here no here that's the coil and we have one more here which i will take this out in this direction and the next one will be this one here and this will be our output and will be the voltmeter the voltmeter spot and that's all next let's take care of this coil so one is going to ground one is going to ground so this one probably let's come with the ground we still have half of of the board is not used to put the the rectifier bridge on the board oh i didn't think that yeah we can yeah but usually the rectifier bridge is not on the board the rectifier bridge is on uh it's on a heatsink so that's the right place for the rectifier breach yeah but like how you say well we can use this part of the board you know what yeah let's do it i forgot about like the fire bridge because you see it's it's different part but yeah you're right okay good messy here the idea when you design a pcb it's avoid any bridge that's the you know that's the skill trying to use less possible bridges like on my case now i need like plus 35 and i can't take it out i can comb like duh like that but that's long that's very long okay i should i should leave here like a space so i can come with the wire it's too late now so we'll have like that yeah we will have we'll have the emitter here so here will be the emitter of this transistor the next one is the collector now emitter yes collector which is going to plus and base so from the base of the collector we need a resistor here here and here this one so obviously here i have to do a bridge from this point and we have the base and the base we have that resistor we have a center dial to ground turn our diode here and after that we have another transistor another transistor we have collector and collector is with the base with this one we'll have emitter of the transistor which is going to ground same like the center diode and we have the base the base which is going for a resistor here and here is going to the output output which is register this one this one from here this one next one a capacitor from the base to ground from here the capacitor here good so this is ground wait what we forgot no everything is fine everything is fine what we need we need two wires from here to here for the external potentiometer for current limit that must be the base this one and diameter this one okay this it is enough space and that's all yeah no and ground let's go in the ground here people hey old school uh yeah but you know this old school is the easy way like i'm trying to design anything in the next five minutes i have the board yeah we can we can put a rectifier bridge on board here on the left yeah let's do it let's do it and the ground for the output sorry in the ground for the output background good okay let's put the rectifier bridge here so we can put a rectifier bridge here let's say if you want to use a heat sink or rod here yeah here on this side yeah i think it is space let's take the rectifier bridge down the capacitor now you have to keep in mind not everyone has access on the you know the new technology okay status led is here i i uh it's okay that's power on yeah so it's okay yeah i need power on led and uh current limit led currently with led not tricky where is the schematic maybe can work on a serial mode with this transistor current limit led signature yeah i should do it okay let's uh to the rectifier bridge plus minus dc that would be ac you know what ac can be here that's ac and we have minus we have plus it can be ground plus ground last plus and i have to do a bridge there's no other way but the bridge can be from here let's say plus yeah so plus i have to come with the plus to this capacitor here and here so this will be plus of the capacitor here will be minus and i will do a bridge from here oh oh that's a very bad idea plus to be so close to the to ground yeah what we can do more we can paint this and leave it leave it for the next time yeah i think that's what we will do so if we paint this but we can we can use it because we okay so you can do halves now you pay the other half you burn it on the axis and you still have the the second half just want to be sure my circuit will be on the board i think we are fine yeah i think we are fine hmm all right guys five amps our jump actually will be more is more than five there so hopefully it will not be the case they draw power supply the problem with with the fan control i ordered the fan the fan doesn't arrive hasn't arrived so i open a case on ebay but i still don't have the fun maybe next weekend we can do the fun control which is very simple we need a thermistor and that's all power supply yeah i know i know it's uh seems funny but just think are so many kids trying to learn electronics you know supply okay that's fine let's wait a bit let's get the acid it's not the acid it's it's fairy chloride we'll see how it's working which will be should be quick and i can solder the components we can make it working what you will do if you have to build a power supply because if you start doing on a i don't know a professional way it's not worth so it's more cheap to buy another one just you know are quite cheap in these days messi what is mercy the board what is looking great what do you mean everything what i built was on board like that you know drawing by hand of course if you if you know you are a talent on the drawing you can make it like straight you can make it like perfect no not everyone is it's you know has a good drawing skill maybe an op amp yeah you know it's it's you have so many schematics there actually you can modify this power supply and we do it like you know a very complicated way but i said you know let's do something simple what everyone can build and use try to get out of your bubble now there are people they can't afford a power supply how you will wash the board on the you know on the sink okay let's try hopefully it's fine if it's not fine the solution will go behind of the of the paint and it will blow up the trucks you'll see trucks are you know are swimming on the on the liquid when i was a kid when i was a kid i was doing something like that yeah i was trying to build something actually no actually i work only on doing the things on air well on the board is nice i just joined did you change something on the schematics we add the sure circuit protection yeah and because you ask i just think we didn't use so uh we didn't put a switch to cancel the protection so to cancel the protection should be a switch here and here that's easy that's you can solder two wires and that's all [Music] alpha thank you for the super chat you don't have to man you know you are you are there on the discord thank you very much my lunch my lunch today is covered by diana cooking thank you hello serene green from holland yeah i know you thank you for being here take me back so far in time i wish you know you know so the electronic was so simple on on that time and even even late when the the tv comes out when the the phones comes out wow that was the best time thank you alpha thank you but you don't have to you know that's not the reason why why we are here yeah so we put a board inside let's put this solution i should be fine should be enough more yeah that should be fine we can reuse the the solution you see the board is getting burned right now let's just wait for the board why didn't you use a printer on a toner transfer you know why because i don't know how because usually i'm not doing this so last time when i did something like that was when i was a kid probably on these days are simple solutions but what is simple for you maybe it's complicated for me so you know it's not you know that's what i know that's what i know i can't show you something which i don't know no actually this is not dangerous this is fairy chloride this is not burning like this acid you know so you see now the copper get eaten by the solution but not what we covered here salutes alert so this board is like going back 30 years no not 30. yeah yeah yeah what is the chemistry behind i don't know the chemistry with this one but i know with the with the nitric acid which is hno3 with the copper it will give you age no co4 oh copper sulfate i i don't remember it is long time you know it's just long time cup cup co4 so no yeah s no co2 so4 i don't remember you should go live when you're on the show i can't the internet that is you know here is fine but at where they the speed is is it's it's same like 40 years ago it's a adsl line very slow start loosely start looking good cuso4 okay yeah salute christian alex uh die different samara copper sulfate okay well i don't think that's the reaction i don't know maybe possible no man where is my phone i don't think so i don't think you're right hn03 with copper okay yeah i remember yeah i remember so the yeah actually you'll you'll uh you'll feel the smoke it's a very nasty smoke i remember i remember the smoke the smell nitrogen dioxide yeah that's the the smoke and the result is c u n n o3 copper nitrate copper nitrite nitrate salt that form a deep blue color yeah that's that's true the acid go blue over over a while over the time thank you yes yeah someone figured it out hello greetings of croatia praise brazil germany hello welcome filipinos nearly done yeah nearly done i don't know maybe i got stuck in time i don't know maybe it's a easy way to do something like that but most of the time the simple things are working you know better yeah so many countries welcome guys russia romania uk india philippines poland we are trying to do the pcb for the power supply spain we are just waiting for the pcb illinois denmark serbia all countries are here brazil you know i'm so happy to see you know the people actually are interested on this if you look like you know this kind of uh learning from young being this this kind of dead you know it it's the people can't even they can't they can't learn because uh it's no help only if they are doing by themselves checking on youtube or buying things but it's like no school you have to go on a university to learn about these things the fan control okay i will show you i ordered the phone the phone hasn't arrived and i open a case is let me see if i can show you so i ordered a fan the fan didn't arrive and the seller replied sorry for inconvenience and blah blah blah so that's the story of the phone so hopefully when the fun will be here we can do the the fun controller hello i use okay cut probably it's a version of cud i know cuddle the program itself to create printed circuit boards you can draw schematics and it's for free yeah maybe i'm outdated you know flag back diode okay i forgot about that yeah that should be there true hot water worms speed up the thingy here possible but it's nearly done nearly done vintage yeah vintage old school i was playing when i was a kid you know building different things so i really don't know how the people are doing on these days or you know i think it's starting um we start ending the the process yeah you can see the light thing from there it's it's how do you know you can see the copper will disappear from the board you see the white things the the the i don't know the yellowish color that's the the bore color the pcb yeah it's it's starting you can see the the pcb color the yellow one next you're going to hold the pcb no no no no no no no no we leave the back of the pcb so you can stick it on the on the case and we'll solder the components on this side you see what nice is corroded you see starting now so the copper layer is going it's just you know it's it's it's it's it's an easy way let's say it's an easy way because even if you try like like how you said you print the yeah and you photo and think that's long if you want to do something quick let's say you want to do something quick maybe if you're doing like a i don't know you do only one thing and you want to do it right yeah probably can be more pro but if you are in your room and you are build things like every day i do a lot of circuits so you see the copper is start going you see the yellow thing actually does pcb without without copper nice you know what if you can leave some links on the on the on the comments so actually the people uh the people there want to do something like that but on different way you can have a look because i can see people are speaking they're about free version of designing pcbs warm the solution with a hairdryer i think it's getting warm by the reaction itself or maybe not i remember on the on the one with the nitric ac acid it was getting warm now mr silas is no problem the life will be saved anyway so you can see it again oh my coffee my coffee is here but it's ended it's you know it's just getting cold wow we are just waiting for the [Music] for the pcb so we can start solder the the fingers reminds me when i create my first distortion pedal for my guitars in high school thanks sorry you know what you're right so in that time on that time a lot of people was going crazy you know creating uh you know distortion things for the guitars and now audio amplifier that was the the trend the on that times uh no distortion i have a make distortion uh thingy but you know what i made i made a reverb reverb but you know like on the old style with a big you know a big spring spring sorry spring a big spring and with the speaker on one side with the speaker on one side and a microphone on the other side something like that yeah but that was the idea a speaker was creating a delay the the spring that's that's how the reverb was on that time spring reverb yeah yeah it was like that mr paul you know if it's uh if he's boring just uh just come back later when the board is done and uh yeah when his board is done and after i solder the components and you'll see the final product what can i do more we have to wait for the board i know it's boring you think you know for me it's not boring it is it's a boring process you have to wait for the solution to eat the the copper it looks done no it's still a little bit more you know most of the the people from the chat they are like adults which yeah these kind of things it's not like what you are doing on these days but for kids just think for kids kids they are like exciting to to learn electronics and build these kind of things for kids it's it's okay will be fun but not necessary for kids let's say for beginners the age doesn't matter yeah it is a fairy clown idea that's what i'm using it's from ebay i think i pay like four pounds because you see if you check the comments on the my old videos actually the people try to jump over this stage like a shortcut to electronics i don't think you can jump it's a lot to learn or just from designing and just build things is it good for tv and laptop repair no this will not help you for any kind of repair this is good for learning electronics a nice t-shirt i know it's a funny one for like five minutes is ready that stuff is banned on lithuania why should we burn this is pcb and ferry chloride this is this is not like it is poisonous but it's not like acid to burn your thingy so you can put your finger inside it's fine anyway don't do it nearly done nearly done just a bit of passion you know i'll be ready maybe i should put more you know will be faster and i can put it back after anyway finally sunday yes you know what i wish to see i want to see in the comments people leaving links from them uh their youtube things you know where uh when they build something and they use what they use how they did it that would be you know more uh would be a lot more to learn that's what i told you you remember i told you with the discord just go there you have you have on the discord check my youtube channel there you can share a lot of any anything from your youtube and you will not be banned kate thank you thank you for your super chat thank you very much just one minute more you can't only you can't pull links here but you can you can do it on the discord there on the discord you have a special place to advertise or share your youtube anyone can do it even if you want to grow up your channel you know there are like 7500 people on discord so i don't understand why there are not more people sharing things i don't understand why let me check i will tell you exactly yes like how i told you right now yeah right now there are like 7547 people a lot a lot you know it's a place where you can share your things like your videos mr bass thank you for your super chat thank you very much yeah you go there and you have here everything uh check my youtube channel yeah so here check my youtube channel people sharing their their videos this is a great way to advertise your channel your work and everything yeah that's why i told them you know we need this you know any other discord if you try to share something they will ban you they will delete your things because it's advertised but not there not on our discord yeah you'll find this corner description and also you can advertise your business we have the thing you can advertise your business i think it's ready yeah yeah we are ready okay so i'll go back in the the kitchen i will wash this i will put this back here and uh i'll come back just give me like 20 seconds yeah one minute one minute i'll be back [Music] [Music] um hold on yeah so that's our board you can see now it's white huh so what do you think magic yeah now let's clean it how you clean the the the thingy you clean the same things like for uh for nail for nail nail polish remover yeah same thing my luck you know diana has these things so now i just clean it and you see the real pcb's release this relief i love you okay hmm okay the answer is not very concentrated and we have to use more it's looking good but you know designing designing a circuit it will give you a lot of experience with the boards you know i know it's hard like um to think with the schematics and the the components being and design but if you try to do it few times you'll get experience so even when you check a pcb from uh you need a protection there for the relay i know i know i know i forgot about the diode and uh you know you you'll you'll get experience with the working with pcbs when actually we are looking on the on a pcb or you're try to figure it out what is there from the back here just one more you see all these small things it will uh you know it will help you okay so the board is ready the next step is just to solder the components simple so what we have b components first what we have big components is the capacitor and the rectifier bridge first yeah mr fred yeah burning components yes it will bring you a lot of experience yes so even burning you know it will give experience because if the components will get burned you'll try to figure it out what happened there and that's how you learn you know what is not so much light here let me get some light coffee now is better hmm so shoulder wire we have the solder wire capacitor yeah here we have a problem give me one second one second you see here where uh where i done that mistake with the tracks so yeah that was my mistake yeah is fine now so first the capacitor minus plus here minus plus yeah for these big components yeah maybe it's a better idea just to have holes on the board but we are fine anyway rectifier bridge which must be here here here here and minus so when you design these things you have to pay attention uh on uh on these like rectifier which must be on the heatsink so you should have space to [Music] use a heatsink so this is fine we have the rectifier bridge next let's get these components out and use them here that's our center diode i said that center diode must be hopefully you can see what i'm doing here next one is the resistor one kilo ohm resistor let me get one one kilo not too long one kilo yeah i found it wait there's nothing killer red black red black and uh red yeah that should be that's one kilo yeah my mistake one kilo red black red i should be wait the original original schematic we designed it with 600 ohms i want to use one kilo here that's the one the brown black red yeah that's the one brown black red so red is to zero brown is one black is zero yeah one kilo that's good that's okay people are still here yeah that's good i know i know it's kind of uh you know boring so let's solder the one kilo more actually we need two we need one more for the led we need one more one more for the led yeah one more same one kilo ohm so the resistor will be here and here next what is next the potentiometer is here this transistor is next uh this one yeah that's the one hopefully the people can you know it will replicate this not necessarily on the same way like how i did it well let me know share a picture you know with your uh with your thingy on the discord or you can reproduce here same thing so we sold the transistor we soldered the transistor diode these resistors here is the potentiometer and the next step what is the next one the next one is this transistor yeah this transistor which must be here this is the current for the current protection here this transistor it's a big pcb you can see everything so our whole schematic here can be designed on a board like this like a small one but just because it's big we can see better so emitter collector base but the base will be on this side so the transistor should be like that so let me check one more time the collector there emitter there okay collector base so it should be like that okay so we have the big the big transistor driver we have the current transistor here the next one is the adjustable this resistor from the current sensor here to iron the resistor so this should be like how base yeah here it should be like that you know in some way i understand this uh your feeling is like it's like trying to explain uh like my kid yeah try to explain him about how tape tape players are working you can't explain something like that or the electronics behind of that tape layer wow i remember that times well actually everyone was crazy not with the players itself with the recording you know recording was something new and most of the players the tape players was um on the erase head yeah you have a head for erase the the tape the cheap ones was with the with the with the with dc current a dc small current to erase everything on the tape but the good ones was a high frequency ac so i like a ac power supply a switching one with around i think 200 150 200 kilohertz that was the best one that's the way how you record like high quality anyway high quality has different meaning on these days okay let's solder these resistors i soldered the wrong one this is not supposed to be 10 kilo ohms it is supposed to be 100 ohms that's the one you need ac to wipe our tape no dc on the erase head that was the all the cheapest the cheapest players yeah dc a small current dc on the on the erase head and the good ones was ac switching around 150 kilohertz i can image image how a dc could erase a magnetic tape take a magnet and put a magnet on the tape you don't understand yeah or take a magnet and put it on on a hard drive and you'll see same thing so all the magnetic particles from the tape will be re-oriented rearranged the positions was nice and after that you have the videotape recorders and players and there that was even nicer you know the way how the head is spinning and it's reading or writing uh track by truck and you have the sink truck next to the video one and the audio they come out the the the top the top video tape players with the head with the with the audio heads on the main video head right righted on the pcm modulation which was crazy on that time was like you know it was like a wow pcm yeah pcm modulation yes so actually from like on only 30 years you know the the humanity evolutes so much so you know we have iphones we have you know you know like high electronics like i don't understand i got an email yesterday yeah email with the apple recall and i don't know if it's if it's if it's real or not uh trash because i deleted i will not go to replace my battery so there is a recall on the batteries no it's not it's not anymore i delete i got like two emails for a battery recall on macbook pro fiberglass here the pcb so let's see these big resistors one here and the other one here yeah like that a real-time building power supply yeah but it's no rush that's the that's the thing you know sunday raining outside it's just nice to be here doing electronics with you guys on chat it's just nice okay so the two resistors are soldered on the board okay the next one so there is a recall yeah yeah yeah 15-inch yeah 2015. but i delete them because i uh you know i will not go there next one what do we have next let's find the led we need a led a nice led yellow one yellow is fine or red let's use the red one red let's see plus and minus is better to check huh so the led is not working all this is possible plus minus and nothing i got a burn led it's not working so i do have two volts on my oh yeah okay this is a yeah it's going on three volts it's okay three volts plus is the long pin plus there minus here hmm hello i'm happy to see here new people so we are still doing the the power supply we just made the pcb and also we designed the short circuit protection so hopefully it will work we don't know yet i haven't tested but it's just a logical thing you know so hopefully it will work the next one so we have this this this we have two dots here i i said i will use a capacitor here capacitor yes and also i want to use the capacitor in a parallel mode with that center 22 micro 50 volts that should be perfect here like plus minus okay and one more on a parallel mode with the center diode plus minus done next let's work on this circuit that's all what is left this circuit i'm in theory okay let's let's finish with uh with this one the protection let's put the relay relay so i did made a mistake i think yes but the relays main is meant to be like that but this pin is meant to be at the ground this should be connected to the ground and it's not but that's not a problem we can make a bridge exactly an [Music] the big caps it's not it's just i don't know it's you know it's a normal capacitor it's nothing special so this is there that's the output this is not connected come on we are we are close you know we are nearly finished nearly good everything sorted next one we need a transistor this one and this one let's find them yeah that's good so here i will use a bd237 yeah 237 which is a npn i think if i remember these transistors are rated to 1 amp 1.5 amps well that's not a problem because we have the relay the metal corrector base so base is here okay good the next one the small transistor this one will be a bc bc one zero nine i think yeah of course we will test the power supply on the end what do you mean that's the idea no fuse fuse is for you know it is a fuse you can you can uh either i fuse it's just a wire you know just i don't know this the transformer has a fuse anyway okay my transformer has a thermal fuse so so it's okay but you can use any fuse anywhere on the primary on the secondary of the transformer okay so here i was wrong if you look like the transistor like that so emitter is coming here and it's not okay should be on the other side so it's just a bad design but we're fine okay the next component will be this center diode and this resistor one kilo ohm resistor so we need another one kilo ohm resistor can't see much board isolation to ground what do you mean to ground yeah one kilo ohm here you are doing 10 kilometers here i don't have 10 kilometers but i have 15 kilos same thing and the center diode so the resistor should be from the base to the plus plus 35 and i said i will make a bridge okay i understand [Music] collector so we need a resistor here okay one kilo so we need this resistor one kilo ohm one that's what i will use here from here to this base no this is not base one second so actually the design was good so it's a meter base collector yes no the design is right i soldered the transistor wrong okay so now the resistor from the base to the collector the spine and the center diode let me grab a center there so we have a 5 volts relay we need that center 5 volts they found one base to ground so here and here the center is done we need one more resistor this first resistor in the capacitor and a capacitor here and here 22 micro should be fine then i think we are ready so everything is sorted what do we have we have a bridge we have to do a bridge here from here to plus and it's too short okay it's too short another bridge from here to plus okay perfect forgot one big transfer on the top yeah but as i didn't forget that it's just on the end it's on the end yeah we need a bridge let me find a wire i need a longer wire let's see all what we have to solder is wires and that's all plus here okay now the big transistor so the big transistor should be here yeah like that hello perfect yeah the transistor is solder let's order the transformer wires the ac it's just you know it's about building a power supply i'll try to put a link on description to the first video because you can find all components on different boards different devices like broken things and you can build one you know everyone has 50 60 pound to buy a power supply a switching lap power supply or bench power supply so the ac is connected the voltmeter missing of yes yeah we'll we'll have to use this so we'll use wires for this yeah for variable resistors okay for current and voltage so what we have to use minus and plus on the voltmeter where should i put it somewhere here okay well i know what i did wrong here this is ground not this way's fine this should be here and actually this is the output let's solder this wire here okay and after that what is left is left this which must be on the output that's me here my shoulder wire is running out that's bad that's the output does the ground and plus 45 should be here on this plus or here so now we have the voltmeter now let's connect the yeah now we have the ohmmeter let's plug it the moment of true yeah we have to connect the this well let's see yeah the led is on that's that's what it's important the led so the led is on next one let's solder the wires here if we have solder our wire yes just a little bit okay uh i'm really sorry i missed things vladimir thank you for your super chat thank you very much you don't have to you know but thank you okay so that's the voltage this is called control the voltage so this must be yeah so one end must be here the middle should be here and this should be here does the voltage and the current this one we need only two wires funny let's solder these wires it was the current control and it will calm solder from here to here yeah that's right i think let me check the schematic so we solder the potentiometer from here yeah that's that's okay yeah so we are fine let's connect the load which is our light bulb does ground that should be plus let me use two wires my big wires no one's hungry here okay that's plus does minus what do you mean how uh how long the power supply will last like dying or how that's minus plus plus plus plus the output and that's minus so that's our output now let's connect a light bulb like usual let's see if the voltage is high it will uh let me connect it to ground here that's better to blow up my light bulb and so we have a cutter limit let's change that or maybe it's not current limit something is not right so we made a mistake huh where is the mistake i think he's no mistake but this yeah it's no mistake no yeah so this is fine this is the the the adjustable resistor from the board is made to adjust the limit so you cannot pass the limit with this i think no it's not working why is not working what i'm doing wrong okay let's check what's wrong with our adjustable thing yeah with our potentiometer so this one by 3.2 ohms y 3.2 ohms and on the other side 3.2 ohms and 3.2 ohms it's not supposed to be like that so let's check this potentiometer the current one which is supposed to be 100 ohms okay my mistake is still 3.2 ohms here from some reason but why because this is on this side this is on this side so here should be sure yeah yeah it is sure but not here so we have a short from the middle to the emitter yeah that's our problem so why so from the base from the base here we have a short so it's not really logical only if the transistor is burnt so if this transistor emitter collector base if this transistor is burned that can explain why we have here but otherwise i don't understand why btw base and emitter i have zero ohms like 2.2 point something 2.8 ohms so can be only transistor can be burned yeah yeah that can be check with the diode mode uh same thing it's not supposed to be 2 ohms here let's check the transistor first here transistor so my transistor is not shirted emitter collector base base here good you're good what i'm doing wrong here because this truck is not connected the wire is not connected and the only thing is the resistor is this is the adjustable resistance there's no body fault let's see now so now obviously it's not sure so here and in the middle we have two 2.8 ohms and it's on that side is here that doesn't mean this is faulty and now with the middle i have same story 1.7 but this is faulty my adjustable thing resistor which is supposed to be 100 ohms is 40. so this is not good it's not working it's not supposed to work like that let's use another one man three hours i can't believe this was not supposed to be three hour livestream three hours yeah maybe global warming french fries coca-cola you know from where is this this text yeah patty is from where uh on the season one dexter you know the dexter the cereal dexter goes to his dead father and the doctor from there tell him you know who knows what he killed him french fries coca-cola global warming who knows season one dexter yeah okay let's check now multimeter same spot and we have 28 ohms and we cannot use the resistance up to 100 ohms what what i'm doing wrong here i come like it's impossible to be all faulty what's going on here so here is normal to be to be short but on the other side is going to zero how this is possible yes it's going to zero because our circuit is closed by the ball by the load itself wow no no sorry here in here two ohms he's going up to oh sorry i'm idiot i'm completely idiot obviously it's not important where the base will be will be still short for this one ohm resistor resistor [Applause] so you you understand doesn't matter how you check the basic diameter even if he's here even if he's here will be same resistance like one two ohm you see that's a tricky one oh um i was a tricky one will be easier to use a board what do you mean this is a board this is a board let's connect the power supply okay so that's the voltage that's that's okay i understand that and that's the current and it's working how it's supposed to work that's great that's fantastic so all what we need now that's the voltage yeah it's working fine yeah the current limits let's limit the current let's say one amp one amp and it's working fine stable enough or two arms two amps limit good all what we need is this we need a limit so this is two amps to set up the limit of the [Music] but not now no no let's connect the disadjustable resistors first wait it's working okay the short circuit protection i don't know let's see huh the current is going up or not because if he's going up no it's not going anywhere it's not working the short circuit protection is not working for some reason let's see so i suppose 20 volts let's leave it like 15. let's say if i short this transistor yeah the relay should be clicking and cutting the voltage well he's not doing anything okay now i'm stupid you cannot show this collector in the emitter because you'll send 35 volts to the relay wow [Applause] can't believe yeah that's things not to do i was thinking the relay is on the collector but it's not the relay is on the emitter and you have the center diode to yeah that's my mistake and obviously was not working because we have a pin there which i didn't connect it to ground oh wait what oh i haven't burned anything actually it's not working because that pin is not connected to ground this one this one oh that's fantastic so i forgot to bridge this pin this is the other part of the coil we ground way ground let's see now so there's no voltage on the output there's no voltage but i'm not sure or short collector with the emitter of this one yeah i heard i heard the relay yeah so i'll show the collector the emitter wait is no output is no current going for through is because the transistor is opened by what no because there's no voltage okay let's redesign the schematic all what we need here over this relay contacts we need a resistance one kilo one kilo ohm resistance because if the relay the contacts are not made this base he will not the base will not know that this transistor it will not know when the short is gone or not okay so we need one kilo ohm resistance yeah maybe one kilo ohm resistance one second he found it found it is not really clear if the relay is like that yeah on the output you'll have no voltage so actually this transistor which is reading which is reading the output he will not know if he's still short and is zero volts or is not short and actually should be voltage here i'll explain on there just wait one second so should be on the relay contacts so from the output input here to here yeah let me call the resistance the resistor mr jason is supposed to be a a joke it's where we can assault glory here was the idea when actually we build a board to use hot glue for a while this actually is electronic you know it doesn't work we hold glue or praying or i'm using hot glue when it's about to fix a mechanical fault but not electronic so now we have voltage on the output let me check a little bit what's the story with the relay volts so now we have the output and if we show the output nothing happen okay and the relay is not clicking let's see minus let's see what happened on the center diet short on the center there nothing happen output 16. the base we have 0.6 when we short so does the relay that's the collector that's the base okay so from some reason when i shorted the output nothing happened that's interesting because on the base of this transistor the voltage goes down so 906 and it's going down to zero so either the transistor is burned or the tenor diet the center diode is zero volts okay so we found the problem but i still don't understand why why my center diode died why might zener diode died because i have one kilo ohm resistor here so there's no reason for this energy to die huh anyone knows okay we need a diode on the on the relay yeah don't forget about that that's not about this transistor it's about this diode which is on the base or you or you try to say the transistor actually died because of yeah possible yeah you can be right yeah possible let's see yeah because we didn't feed that diode actually the transistor died and sure the diet the center diet let's see that similar diet the center diode is is shorted is zero and the transistor the transistor is not dead no that's not short the transistor is not dead so actually what what is that is that center dial maybe because okay let's let's find another center let's find another diet need a center diode because the relay is only 5 volts that's the reason yeah that's that's the problem when you design things like you design something you don't you don't like just get a schematic from uh from internet actually you design one obviously it's a lot of things to be tested this is another chiller diet hopefully it will not get burned but who knows let's see it's very important to see what's going on here so i have no voltage on the center diode let's show the fence hmm here we have six volts on the center diet when i show this born really nothing happened and on the base of the transistor of the the relay transistor the voltage is changing we have six volts but nothing happened on the output of the on the on the emitter of the real the transistor nothing happened so we have zero so actually even the transistor is that when i have on the base i have five volts on the emitter should be five volts also one kilo is fine i have six volts here on the on the on the center i have six volts but i have nothing on the emitter so i think we need a flyback diode let's check the transistor diode mode yeah nothing no it's just that it's interrupted it's not shorted it's interrupted okay the transistor is dead let's get another one let's try to use a diode till i fly back direct because that's switching it will kill the transistor actually the inverse voltage of the coil it will kill the transistor really no no emitter collector base no the transistor was fine but you have to understand when you have a relay any switching the inverse voltage will be higher compared with the normal voltage someone said use a diode fly back diet and i said you know what maybe we'll work like that well i don't think so i think we need a diet so we'll use a diode let's see we do have one one and one and something i don't know it's not even important so from the emitter to ground here yes with the plus to the emitter the transfer burn when you want to test the relay by shorting the collar you can't burn any transistor any you can't burn it if you short emitter recollector you can't you can't burn a transistor short in the emitter with the collector you can burn different things one of the transistors okay foreign bless you now that's crazy that's insane so what we did wrong diameter collector base that's crazy that's insane how a schematic like that can cannot work so we have an npn transistor people are laughing on the chat i can't believe it's funny you know i don't it's funny when you don't know what happened what happened here it's it is not supposed to happen so what i did wrong it's it's not supposed to happen it's it's a simple schematic it's a transistor it's it's basic people people can't wait to fail can't believe okay things happen let's see what what get burned here transistor it's 100 burn so you understand is this schematic which is supposed to work it's not like i did something wrong no you see does the schematic there's no point checking the transistor let's check the dial the center die they still alive no the center is shorted so is something wrong with my design too much current current from where from where it's a relay the relay is still good because the relay is shorted the relay is zero so they really really died from the last time yeah that's my relay or this diode died zero okay let's let's give it there though wow it's not working in the air because because sunday because sunday yeah it's because sunday now let's check the diet the diet is good really shorted so on the relay coil i have 0.8 ohms can be good not today yeah banana all sorted out yeah fly back you listen to me yeah when you have a flyback dial the inverse direction so um yeah it will blow up but it's not the case that's the diode that's the plus you can see the ring there plus is here minus is here this is ground in center die there is too much current okay too much current on the center dial the center will get shorted but it will not blow up the transistor yeah that's how it center that is working so what's the problem with my schematics here just i want to see you know the capable people from the chat was what's wrong with my schematic here what is wrong relay shorter that's what i think relay shorted fly back acting as a self defense ah i think the relay is shorted i think i'm not sure let's show you the power supply i have the power supply here 5 volts you can't see the power supply 5 volts minus plus yeah two arms five volts two amps the relay is gone don't worry i'll find another one but you see like a case where actually everything should work because that's how you design it you design it to be working and it's not working can happen we don't know why because yeah maybe because i didn't feed the diet in the first place but still that doesn't explain why the relay got burned let me find another one let me find another bad things can happen what do you think you think it will not happen to you it will i found one 10 amps 12 volts yeah so you'll use a 12 volts relay on the same configuration that's karma that's karma yeah karma got me you know i'm working sunday so let's do it right this time yeah like first time why my fuse didn't protect my thing okay so what is changed now now we have a 12 volts relay so we have to use a 12 volt center that 12 volt server so will be higher voltage hopefully the explosion will be more spectacular you know i still don't get it what where i'm wrong with the schematic it's a basic question ward 9.1 volts maybe 10 volts even better i think it's 10 volts 12 12 13 volts okay found 13 volts that i should be fine [Music] check running again may have popped what do you mean which transistor is burned he was smoking that's gone 100 13 volts okay so we do have a center diode let's solder the center dial you know this can be burned but i don't know we'll see okay i need another transistor because this transistor is dead this is the burned one funny okay let's check the resistance of the relay like what's going on there this and ground here 400 ohms so again we are using a transistor on the same way in the same configuration it's no reason to blow up but who knows who knows so the transistor is solder on place now who want to plug in the to plug the power supply let's plug it yeah just be careful here okay nothing blow up nothing is let's check the voltage on the center so is zero let's show this it's working i can hear the relay clicking wanna short let's try let's see so when i show this everything goes to zero yes everything goes to zero okay let's use a load okay that's not good so why it happened even it allowed interesting what we did wrong yeah mr greg yes bald making uh the relay to engageable y because there is no shortage is 16 volts so my input on this transistor is playing so doesn't matter if it's short but the relay is acting why why one one key resistor this one that's what i was thinking i was thinking one key is two is too high should be less there should be a logical explanation while we so again if i short let's see what should i short if i short basically meter here i should have light on the on the bulb and i don't okay a meteorite base emitter base okay base collector with the emitter yes so if i sure collector of the emitter i have voltage i have output if i short collector with the emitter does mean my transistor should be open it is open but not with the bulb wait something is wrong here so now i do have voltage on the output 16. the above what voltage is this is from this resistor one second give me one second let me take this out this one kilo ohm resistor resistor so the resistor is out and i do have voltage and obviously now it's nothing oh let's check the the small transistor let's check that transistor the small one base so what's wrong with our circuit here what is wrong huh anyone knows the problem is before the relay what do you mean it seems that nicer connector is pnp how this can be pnp it's bc109 it's not pnp so everything is working fine till the point i connect a load now that one kilo ohm is fine it's nothing wrong with one kilo ohm resistance resistor that's actually fine okay let's try to connect two balls let's try like that [Music] transistor need potentiometer to be less sensitive to short no way let's check with the with the multimeter so on the base i have 0.7 which is fine it's connected so now if i connect a load let's rise the capacity of this this capacitor area let's see the truth is when the light bulb beats it's off the resistor is very low so possible to take more current on the beginning that can be a reason let's try with a bigger higher capacity that can be a reason but we have to find a problem let's see it's working now yeah what i told you so you see now he's taking how much he's taking let me get our other bulb you see on the beginning i told you we have to create a delay we have to create a delay because if you have alarms uh if you have a low arms uh load it will uh take like it's a short actually it's no shirt so let's see now we have a current limit okay sure this and it's going to zero you can see so now i have no current no no voltage and yeah the load has to be disconnected because that's the way how they are working it's working short and it's going to zero that's a short circuit protection okay now we disconnect the load the voltage is coming back short and it's going to zero okay disconnecting the voltage is coming back it's working fine so it doesn't matter how many amps we can set up more amps 2.6 amps short is going to zero you can see zero there yeah disconnect is working fine connecting it's working fine short is going to zero that's a short circuit protection okay so you understand what's supposed to work from the beginning so actually that smoking things it's it was not supposed to happen i don't understand why that happened because the schematic is clear okay so i think i'll stop now so even now like you have now 16 if i short the wires i will short without the without the the the bulb short is going to zero so it's working fine i can hear the really really clicking so if you want if you want like a protection to enable and disable this protection use a switch on a parallel mode with this resistor with this relay contacts here you know why why you should use here obviously you can disable doing any anything here but just because even if you use a switch here you still can hear the relay clicking when you have a short and it's helpful when you try to diagnose things use a smaller resistor for what for what i should use a smaller resistor so now we do have you know what the people ask the short circuit protection and actually it's working and it's short and it's going to zero that was supposed to work the power supply the first one which i bought it you remember on that first video even now you know people leave a lot of comments so that's our power supply with short circuit circuit protection is supposed to work and it's a simple circuit you can see it's a simple one okay the capacitor set the sensitivity of uh of the [Music] circuit detection the capacity the capacitor just give you a delay let me explain you so here on the base here without that capacitor here you will have something like that and the transistor can get this like you know it's a short actually when you have a load the capacitor it will give you something like that because it's charging is getting charged and is this this is a delay here a delay for this transistor okay so the the fact that transistor is getting charged our transistor is 220 220 micro the diode is now 12 volts the relay is now 12 volts and we have a diode here now this diode is one and four zero zero seven the relay is 12 volts relay the transistor this one it's a b the two three seven this one it's a bc one zero nine and this resistor is one kilo monkey yeah okay everything sorted i'll stop now because i'm i'm hungry you know i can't believe wow it's like four hours and you know what i think we can see next sunday and we can work more on the on the other things here on the fan control and but yeah that's what we did today you know the board with uh you know looks dodgy is working okay i'll try to sort it somehow to make it more clear okay this it's not 30 volts i think it's 20 24 24 volts i have on the center diode so probably the wall should be like 22 22 yeah it can be 5 amps we can remove the okay i think is something wrong with my internet anyway thank you for watching like and subscribe if you like the video and see you online next sunday next sunday we'll start doing more okay have a great uh sunday schematic post schematic that's a schematic you know just pause the video and see okay that's great thank you guys see you see you next week here bye

Channel: Electronics Repair School

Views: 678,525

Keywords: electronics courses, electronic lessons, online electronics repair, learning electronics online, electronics teacher, lets learn electronics, motherboard guide tutorial, electronics repair tutorial guide, learning about motherboards, logic board repair tutorial, power supply lesson tutorial guide, free electronics class

Id: eVEPXrpcGFM

Length: 231min 40sec (13900 seconds)

Published: Sun Oct 13 2019