Hi, I'm Rebecca. In this class, you will learn the easiest
way to talk about the future in English, and that is by using the word "will". When we use the word "will", we are, in fact,
using the future simple tense. This class is part of a series created by
www.engvid.com to help you master all of the English verb tenses step by step so that you
can communicate more fluently in English. So, when we talk about the future, what do
we mean? We're talking about anything that happens
after now. For example, it could be something that happens
five minutes now from now or 50 years from now. All of that is the future. And in English, we have many tenses and ways
to talk about the future. Some of them are basic, and some of them are
more advanced. So, let's start by looking at some basic ways
to talk about the future in English. Alright. So, three basic ways are by using the phrase
"going to", by using the present continuous for the future, or by using "will", which
is what our class today is going to be focusing on. So, how can we think about this? Let's look up here first. If you're talking about some formal situation,
something more official and formal in business, in academics, or even in a social situation
with someone you don't know very well, for example, if it's formal, it's very easy. Then, all you do is you use "will" to talk
about the future, okay? That's it. Now, what if the situation is a little more
informal? Either when you're speaking if when you're
writing, same thing here. In speaking and writing, if it's formal, we're
going to use "will", but if it's an informal situation, maybe it's more casual, it's more
friendly, it's with people that you know, then you have to consider two points: is the
thing you're talking about, the action, is it something that is planned in advance? Or is it something unplanned and happening
at the moment of speaking? Let me explain. So, if it's planned, then we would use this
phrase "going to", or we would use present continuous. For example, we might say "I'm going to meet
John tomorrow.", because you have a plan to do that. You may have an appointment to do that. Or you could say "I'm meeting John tomorrow.". Same thing, okay? Same thing. It's planned in advance, but if it's unplanned,
that means what? What do we mean by unplanned? It just came up. Let's suppose you're at a meeting and someone
says "Hey, could you meet John tomorrow?", and you say "Okay, I'll meet John tomorrow.". So, you just decided at the moment of speaking,
and it's an informal situation because you know John. So then, we can use "will" and of course,
as we already said, if it's a formal situation, then we use "will". Planned, unplanned, doesn't matter, it's a
formal situation, then we would say something like "I will meet Mr. Williams tomorrow.",
okay? So, this is your basic overview and, of course,
we'll be looking at all of this in more detail so you really understand it very well and
can use it correctly yourself. Now, let's look at when we can use the future
simple tense in real life. As you know, we can use it in formal situations. For example: The ceremony will begin at 8:00. Okay, it's an official ceremony, maybe it's
an awards ceremony, a graduation ceremony, so it's something formal and official, so
we can use it in that context, right? The ceremony will begin, there's our future. We can use it in planned events. For example, you call to make an appointment
and the receptionist says "Okay, the doctor will see you at 3:00.", so this is something
that's planned. It's an appointment, right? The doctor will see, alright? Good. We can also use it very often to talk about
business. For example: ABC Company will open a new factory,
alright? Here we have "will open", so this is like
an official announcement. It's a little more formal, right? So, we see that, we see "will" being used
in its full form. Next, we can also use it when predicting something
about the future. For example: Experts say food prices will
rise. We see here, "will rise". Okay? They're making a prediction about what might
happen in the future. We can also use it, as we saw, for informal
situation. For example: I'll call you later. Now we see that when it's informal we're using
that contraction, we'll look at that more in a short while, but you can notice it here:
I'll call you later. Same thing in formal, right? You can also use it for something that's not
planned in advance informally. For example: Hey, I'll give you a ride to
the subway. Let's suppose you and your colleague are just
stepping out of the office and suddenly it starts pouring rain or there's a big snowstorm
and you have a car and your colleague doesn't, so you say "Hey, I'll give", okay? Next, you can use it for ordering food. For example, when you order foo din a restaurant,
you don't always decide in advance what you're going to order, you look at the menu, you
see what you feel like, and then you order something. So, you're kind of making that decision on
the spot. So, you might say something like "I'll have
a small cheese pizza." I'll have, okay? So, we can use it, as I said, to talk about
like, the immediate future, right away, because you're ordering right now. You can also use it when you're promising
something about the future. For example: I'll return your book tomorrow. Okay? I'll return. Next, you can use it when you're offering
something. For example: I'll help you finish the report. I see that you've got a lot of work left. Hey, I'll help you finish the report, okay? I'll help. Next, we can also use it lots of times to
talk about possibility. We're not sure, but it's possible that something
will happen or that we will do something. For example: Maybe I'll take a break and watch
a movie tonight. Maybe somebody's been studying very hard or
working very hard and they just want to relax, and they say you know what? Maybe I'll take a break. So, this "maybe" is possibility. Uncertainty about the future, so then also
we can use the future simple tense. Now, let's look at how we form the future
simple tense and I really think you're going to love this part because it's so easy. Let's see how it's done. So, I've divided the board into three for
positive sentences, negative sentences, and for questions. So, the basic structure that you're going
to follow for a positive sentence is that you take the subject, which is I, You, We,
They, He, She, It, etc., + will + the verb in its base form. That's the interesting part. You don't have to change the verb at all. In many languages, in the future tense, you
have to change the entire verb, sometimes for every different subject, but in English,
no, you don't. This is one of those times when English is
actually easier than many other languages. So, let's see how to do it. So, in a positive sentence, we would say "I
will work.", alright? This is our base form of the verb and all
we're doing is we're taking the subject, we're using "will" before it, and the verb doesn't
change. You say it after me: I will work. You will work. We will work. They will work. He will work. She will work. And, it will work. Okay? That's basically it. Now, what happens when we make it negative? It's very simple. We're just adding the word "not", okay? I will not work. He will not work. They will not work tomorrow. Okay? Like that. Very simple. Then, to make a question, we have to change
the order. So, we say "Will I work tomorrow?" I don't know. Will you work? Will we work? Will they work? Will he work? Will she work? Will it work tomorrow? Okay? So, that's the question. You're just changing the order, but there
are not - there are no other special changes. That's basically it, it's really as straightforward
and simple as you could wish. Now, here are some other points to keep in
mind when we're using this tense. Very often, we can use some expressions before
this. You don't have to, but you can. For example, you could say "I think they will
work tomorrow.", or I believe he'll work tomorrow. I suppose she'll work tomorrow, or I imagine
we will work tomorrow. I don't know, I don't think it's a holiday. I imagine that we will work tomorrow, like
that, okay? Or you could also make it negative. For example: I don't think they will work
tomorrow because it's a holiday. Okay? So, you can do that. I don't think, I don't believe, and so on. But again, do you have to use this? No, you don't have to. You can just use these and that's fine. Now, one other point, instead of "will not
work", you're going to see that we can also use some contractions. We'll learn more about that soon, but a very
common and necessary contraction for "will not" is "won't". So instead of saying "I will not work.", especially
if it's informal, right? Then we'll just say, "I won't work.", alright? He won't work tomorrow. She won't work. We'll look at that again very soon. And, before questions, sometimes we add question
words. For example, we could say: Where will they
work? When will they work? How long will they work? Right? So, if you do that, then just put that word
here, like "Where will he work?", okay? That's it, alright? Now, one other question that I get very often
when we start learning "will" is "What about shall? I've heard that we can say 'shall' sometimes
instead of 'will'." Well, it's like this: usually in sentences,
okay, positive or negative, we don't - in North America, we don't really use "shall"
in the sentence instead of "will". We do not usually say "I shall go there.",
because it sounds very formal and very official and very - a little bit old fashioned. A little bit like Shakespeare, which is wonderful,
but it's not really used, so I would not encourage you to use it in sentences or in negative
sentences. What we do sometimes, though, is we use it
to create kind of a polite question. So, we could say, for example, only with "I"
or "we", you could ask somebody "Shall I order?" Shall I order dinner? It's just like a polite way of asking about
something in the future or "Shall I bring some dessert when I come to your house?" or
"Shall we dance?" or "Shall we begin?", like "Shall we begin the lesson?" That's fine. We do use it in questions like this, very
polite questions, but really not anywhere else. And that's basically how it works. Remember that you can also do the same thing
with irregular verbs, okay? It doesn't matter, because the verb isn't
going to change, right? So, you could say "I will go", like "go" is
an irregular verb, but you don't need to change it at all, just keep the base form of the
verb. I will go, I won't go, Will they go? Same thing, alright? And that's how you form this tense. Now, let's look at when and how to use contractions
with the future simple tense. So, first of all, when do we not use them? We do not use contractions or shortened forms
when we're speaking or writing formally. For example, here, these are formal examples. Dr. Johnson will speak at the conference. It's a positive sentence, it's a formal sentence,
so we do not and should not shorten it or contract it. And this example: The manager will not complete
the reports. Also formal, more official, it's negative
but it doesn't matter because it's formal. So, when it's formal or academic or needs
to be very businesslike, then do not use contractions. So, when can we use contractions? When we're speaking or writing informally. So, how do we do it? So, instead of saying "I will be on time.",
we join together the words "I will" and it becomes "I'll". Say it after me: I'll be on time. You'll be on time. We'll be on time. They'll be time. He'll be on time. She'll be on time, and It'll be on time. It will, okay? It will be on time. So, all of these are contractions for the
subject + will. Shortened and contracted. Now, we can do the same thing with the negative
form. Instead of saying "I will not", we can say
what? I won't. Say it after me: I won't. I won't be on time. Oh, sorry, I won't be late. I will be on time, but I won't be late. You won't be late. We won't be late. They won't be late. He won't be late. She won't be late, and It won't be late. It's important that you pronounce this word
correctly. Don't say it like the verb "want", it's not
"want", it's "won't". Say it again: won't. I won't. He won't. Alright? So, make sure you're pronouncing it correctly
in terms of the "o" and also make sure you're saying the "tuh" sound, the "t" sound at the
end. And, of course, you could use these with all
kinds of verbs. Here, we used the verb "be". I won't be, I will be, but we could say "I'll
call you later.", "I'll talk to you later.", "I'll see you later." These are very common words and expressions
that we use every day using contractions. Now, let's look at how to give short answers
in the future simple tense. So, when do we give short answers? When someone asks a question, we don't have
to repeat everything they said, we just answer in short, like this. So, if someone says, "Will he be in Madrid
tomorrow?", you could say "Yes, he will.", or, if it's formal, "No, he will not.", or
informally, "No, he won't.", alright? So, it's really easy to know how to give this
short answer. If it's positive, we just take it from the
question itself. Yes, he will. And if it's negative, you're still going to
use the negative contraction: No, he won't, or No, he will not, only if it's formal, okay? Let's look at another example: Will the flight
arrive on time? So, you could say what? "Yes, it will", or "No, it won't". Now, what's important to notice here is that
when it's positive, we cannot use any contraction. And the same here, in any example, whenever
it's a positive answer, then no contraction. If it's a negative answer, yes, you can contract
it. You can shorten it. Okay? Let's look at the last example: Will you invite
a lot of people to your party? So, you could say "Yes, I will", or "No, I
won't." Again, no contraction is possible for the
positive answer. And look, for most of these, you can also
take the subject from the question itself, right? Will he be? Yes, he will. Will the flight arrive? Yes, it will. The only time you need to change the subject
is if they ask about you, because you can't say "Yes, you". They're asking about you, so they say, "Will
you invite a lot of people?" and you say "Yes, I will" or "No, I won't". Now, let's practice what you've learned. We'll make some positive sentences, some negative
ones, and then some questions. Okay? Let's get started. Number one: I _____________ (give) you the
recipe. So, how would we express that in the future
simple tense? I - what do we put? Will give you the recipe, okay? I told you, it's really simple. We don't have to change the verb, we're just
basically adding what? Will. So, number two: Don't worry, you ___________
(pass) the exam. What will it be? Don't worry, you will pass the exam. Okay? That's it, that's all. Number three: The bank ___________ (close)
at 5:00. The bank will close at 5:00. Alright? Great. So, that was positive, okay? We were making positive sentences. Now, let's take these verbs and let's make
this entire sentence negative. The store __________ (deliver) on Sunday. And let's use a contraction. The store - what do we say? Won't deliver on Sunday. We could have also said "The store will not
deliver on Sunday.", but basically, the verb stays the same. Next, number five: He ____________ (be) home
until 11:00. What would it be? He - let's use the contraction again - he
won't be home until 11:00. Alright? Good. We could also say what? He will not be home until 11:00. Alright, number six: I _________ (have) time
tomorrow. Make it negative. I - use the contraction - I won't have time
tomorrow. Or, I will not have time tomorrow. Okay, wonderful. You're doing great. Now, let's make some questions. ________ they ________ (make) an announcement? Remember with the questions, we have to change
the order. So, which word do we use first? We say what? Will they make an announcement? Will they make, not they will make, but will
they make, alright? That's how we form the question. Number eight: _______ she _______ (get) the
job? How do we make the question? Will she get the job? Alright? Excellent. And the last one is actually the title of
a famous song. Let's see if you can figure it out. _______ you still _____ (love) me tomorrow? So, what will it be? Will you still love me tomorrow? Alright? So, there you go. You've practiced positive sentences, negative
sentences, and questions. Great work. Now, let's look at some common mistakes to
be careful of when using the future simple tense. So, the first one is with the word "will"
itself. Let's read the sentence and you can help me
correct it. This person wanted to talk about the future,
but they wrote "They meet you at the hotel.". So, what's wrong there? The "will" was missing. Where does it belong? They will meet you at the hotel. Okay? So, don't forget to write "will", alright? That's the first point. Second, sometimes mistakes are made in the
contraction. Let's look at this one: Well be home soon. Right now, if I were just to read it, it would
read like that. Well be home soon. But it should be - because this person wanted
to say, "We will be home soon", but they wanted to use the contraction, so what's wrong there? Right now, it doesn't look like a contraction,
so we need to add the apostrophe: We'll be home soon. So, make sure you spell it correctly, the
contraction, and also pronounce it correctly. We'll be home soon, okay? Very nice. The next one is, again, a spelling mistake. It's possible, okay? So, this student wrote "The kids want to go
to sleep.", but that's not what the person was trying to say. They wanted to say, "The kids will not go
to sleep" and they want to use the contraction, but they didn't use the right word. The word is not "want", it should be what? Won't. So, if you're using the contraction, make
sure you don't say "want", say "won't", and then make sure it's spelled correctly as well. Alright. Now, here's another point. We didn't cover this point before, but it's
really important and you'll get it. It's not hard to understand. It's also a common mistake because in many
languages, it is possible to write like this, but in English, it's not possible to do this. So here, we're talking about conditional sentences. Type one conditional sentences, okay, if you're
looking it up in a grammar book, you can check some more. So, what happens in these kind of sentences,
we're talking about real possible situations in the future, alright? And the sentence often has two parts. Let's read it first with the mistake: If I
will visit Greece, I will call you. Now, in many languages, both parts of these
sentences, both clauses, can be in the future tense. The "if" clause + the main clause. But in English, no. I'm sorry, we can't do that. So, in the "if" clause, the "if" part of the
sentence, we cannot use "will". We have to use just present simple. So, the correct version of this sentence would
be "If I visit Greece, I will call you.", okay? Now, what am I saying? I'm saying you have to change the "if" part
of the sentence, not the first part of the sentence or the second part of the sentence,
just wherever the "if" clause is. For example, if I switch the sentence around,
I could say "I will call you if I will visit Greece." That's also wrong. This time, the sentence started with the main
clause "I will call you", that's fine, but in the "if" clause, the "if" part of the sentence,
again, we cannot use that "will". We cannot use future in the "if" part of the
sentence or the conditional part of the sentence, alright? So, remember that because it's quite possible
that, in your language, it is completely correct to do it the way it was on the board, but
in English, it's not. Now, what's also important to remember that
it's not only with the word "if", it's any kind of word that creates a condition. For example: when. When I visit Greece, I will call you. As soon as I visit Greece, I will call you. All of these are conditional words. Or, Before I visit Greece, I will call you. Or, After I visit Greece, I will call you,
okay? And again, remember the order doesn't matter,
what matters is if it is a conditional sentence, alright? So, these are some of the most common mistakes
and be careful of them when you are speaking and writing with the future simple tense. To review, you know the future simple tense
when you know when to use it and how to use it, all of which you have been learning during
this class. So, by now, you should be able to make what? A positive sentence, a negative sentence,
a question, easily and comfortably in English. Let's look at the last example. Let's say someone has gone to the supermarket
and then you say, "He will return soon." Our positive sentence. Or, "He will not return soon. He has a lot of shopping to do", or we can
contract that and say, "He won't return soon." Or we can make a question: "Will he return
soon?" or "When will he return?" "What time will he return?". When you can form these kinds of sentences
and questions easily and comfortably, you've got it, okay? So, remember, if you feel comfortable with
this and you feel you've understood everything, then that's fine. If you need a little more practice, go back,
watch the lesson again, pay attention to any parts you need to review, and try to make
some sentences about your life, about what's going on around you. What will you do tomorrow? Okay? Write about that, talk about it, use it to
describe things happening around you. When you're ready, you can go on to the next
tense in this series, which is actually also about the future, remember I told you we can
also use "going to" and the present continuous for the future? That's the next class in this series. How to use the future for informal communication,
alright? And, if you'd like a little more practice
on this one, the future simple with "will", you can go to www.engvid.com to do a quiz
there, alright? So, thanks very much for watching, and all
the best with your English.
