How to do B2 Key Word Transformations - STEP BY STEP exercises!

hello everyone and welcome back to talk speak english the channel that helps you speak english with confidence what i want to do today is i want to look at some more keyword transformations keyword transformations are in the reading and use of english section of the cambridge exams and often my students find them extremely difficult but don't worry because in today's video we're going to use some simple steps that can help you tackle these tricky tricky examples once and for all so here we have the first example of a keyword transformation with keyword transformations the important thing to remember is that you can follow a simple set of steps that can help you solve or at least give you an idea of the process let's take a look at the example in a bit more detail and the steps that we can follow i regret not speaking to tim earlier and the word that we've been given is had let's take a look at sentence two so here we have i wish then we have the gap and earlier okay so let's talk through the steps step one do you recognize the word that has been given in the first step it's not immediately obvious okay we have the word had but we have to do a bit more work to understand exactly what to do with the example step two is it similar to any words in the first sentence so again we have the word had so i would say no it's not similar but we need to have a look at step three we need to talk more about the structure if we look at the structure it might help us a little further talking about regrets is something that at b2 level you should be familiar with here's the structure for expressing regret and the phrase that we have in the second sentence i wish can often be used with the past perfect for example i wish i had caught the bus earlier we have to remember how we form the past perfect and this of course is had plus the past participle so in this example the past perfect is i had caught here we have another example i wish i hadn't eaten so much food here we are saying that i did eat too much and perhaps now i feel sick and again the past perfect here is had or in the negative form hadn't and eaten so let's apply this to our example we know now that we need to use the past perfect and we already have part of the past perfect as the clue the word had now what we need to do is find the verb and put it in the past participle form so the verb in the sentence that we have that is obvious is the verb speak if we go back to our verb table we know that it is speak and then in the past symbol is spoke and the past participle is spoken i wish i had spoken perfect so now we have some idea but we still need to know who we spoke to and in the example we can see that we have to tim the full sentence would be i wish i had spoken to tim earlier and again knowing about certain structures is vital at b2 level and regrets with i wish comes up again and again so it's important to understand it and to learn it another structure that is very common is active to passive sentences let's take a look at an example the teachers were teaching the students well and the word that we've been given here is were here we can skip steps one and two and we can go straight to step number three as we have a huge clue to help us identify what we need to do if you look closely you can see that the subject and the object of sentence one and sentence two have swaps and this means that we can confidently say it is an active to passive sentence exercise but what are the steps to turning an active sentence to a passive sentence let's take a closer look step one we have to move the object to the beginning of the sentence and as we know this has already been done for us which is great step two we have to use the verb to be in the same tense as the main verb of the active sentence and how do we find that we need to look for the verb so we can see that the verb is teaching and the teachers were teaching so we have the past continuous and what we have to do here is we have to transform into the past continuous with the verb to be we're being step three we need to add the past participle of the active verb okay so the verb is teach and if we go back to our verb table and the three forms we have teach taught and the past participle taught step four we have to check if we need to use the preposition by and in this case of course we do because we know who has performed the action now let's put it all together the students were being taught by the teachers well let's try one more keyword transformation and in this example we're going to follow the steps so first of all do you recognize the word that has been given we have the word invite okay now is it similar to any of the words in the first sentence and we can happily say that it is it's very similar to the word ask and again we have a big big clue here if you do i won't stay to meet him so i think we're looking at a conditional sentence here so we have if plus the present symbol and then we have will plus the infinitive so here we have a sentence in the first conditional now all we need to do is use the word that we've been given and make a sentence in the first conditional so the good thing is we already have the second half of the conditional sentence and as we said earlier we know that ask and invite are very very similar especially in this example so we can say if you invite john on friday i won't stay to meet him now again let's check here that we have the structure correct so we have if plus the present simple and we have will plus the infinitive i won't stay in this case we have will in the negative form so we have will not perfect so there we are guys that should give you an idea of just some of the structures that you need to work on at b2 level like i said during the exercises it's very important that you focus on a number of grammatical structures because a lot of the time they will come up over and over again so there we are guys thank you so much for watching once again if you like this video please don't forget to subscribe but also leave me a comment and tell me what you would like to see in future videos thank you so much for watching and i will see you next time you

Channel: Talk Speak English

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Id: xaXjClNuDKo

Length: 8min 12sec (492 seconds)

Published: Tue Mar 30 2021