Why the midterms matter, and also a 1970s...
hi, James from www.engvid.com . I'm going to teach you a lesson today on also, as well,
and too. A lot of students get confused by these three
words, because they seem to be able to be used at any time, but there are distinct differences. And what we want to do today - or what I want
to do today - is first tell you what each word means, then show you how they can be
used, some special cases, and of course, do our test, hahaha. Anyway, let's go to the board. So, E, there is also that, but this as well. Well, Mr. E here is trying to show you how
these things are similar. And when we go to the board, you can see that
also, too, and as well can be used as "in addition". What that means is when you're using these
- okay, these two are adverbs, also and too are adverbs, as well as a phrase. When you're using them, they want to add on
information. So, in addition. So, I'm going to tell you something and some
more information. Let's go back to the board and we'll look
at an example. "I will also have fries with that" means perhaps
they said, "I want a hamburger", but they will also, in addition, have French fries. Let's look at the adverb "too". "I will also have fries with that too". Once again, we're adding on information. And if we look at the phrase "as well", "I
will have fries with that as well". In addition to the hamburger. All three have almost the same meaning, and
that's why a lot of times you see them used interchangeably. One of the reasons we use the different words
like this is because in English, we want to have it sound fresh, not boring, not repetitive. You could say too, too, too, too, too, or
as well, as well, as well, as well, as well, but after awhile it gets very, very boring
and uninteresting. So, that's why you can have three different
variations of the same kind of idea as "in addition". Heck, you could even say, "In addition, I'll
have fries!" Four different ways of saying it so you don't
sound like you're repeating yourself. Cool? But that doesn't help you, and the nature
of this video is to show you what is the difference between the three. So, if I just stop there, you're like okay,
well thanks, you've done nothing for me, I already knew this. And I'm like, "That's not my job". My job is to make this a little bit more interesting,
so let's go down a little bit. I stopped here with the adverb. I'm going to stay with "also" to start with. So, let's look at also. What else is "also" used for? Well, sometimes you want to make something
stronger. We can use "also" to put emphasis in a statement. And to do that, we put that at the beginning
of the statement. It doesn't go at the end, it goes at the beginning. That's one of the key differences between
"also" and the other two. Here's an example: Also, don't forget to get
the money. Alright? So, we're saying "also" there, we're putting
at the front and saying don't forget to do this. Okay? There's another thing about "also" that you
have to know how it's fixed with other verbs. So, what I've done is I've tried to give you
a little bit of a visual to help you remember. The simple thing to remember is "also" usually
comes before a verb, a simple verb, right? So, if you say something like, not in the
case of emphasis, of course. But if you say, "I also go to the gym." That's it, it's easy, I also go to the gym,
it will go before "go". But let's just say you have either an auxiliary
verb, and when I say auxiliary I mean in this case, a modal verb, the present perfect, or
the verb "to be". I want you to think of it in a sandwich form,
and if you say, "What do you mean by that?" Well, "also" doesn't start - remember here,
I said it's before the single verb? Well, we have to kind of change it a little
bit. When we have an auxiliary verb being used,
we have the auxiliary verb first, so "have" or the verb "to be" or "could", whatever modal
verb you want to use. Then we put "also", and then we end with the
other verb. Want an example? "I have also been to Austria three times." I have - present perfect. Also - right there. Being - that's the past, sorry, past participle,
to Austria three times, okay? Let's use a modal verb. "I could also go to the store." I could - modal verb. That's the auxiliary. Also - in between - "go to the store" verb
in the base, right? I also have five cars. So - I'm sorry. I'm also driving - I'm also going in his car. So "I'm" - verb "to be" would be first - "also",
then verb following up after. Cool? Alright. So, I think I've given a clear idea what "also"
is. So, let's look at the other two and see. Basically, keep in mind that with "also",
it's more about "in addition", right? With the added bonus or benefit of it can
be used for emphasis. Let's look at "too". "Too" is an adverb. Yes, it means "in addition", but it also has
a couple of other meanings. One of them means "to a higher degree or a
greater degree than desirable". Very, right? So, what do we mean by that? Or you can say excessive, which means too
much. "You're working too much." It's more than you want, it's to a greater
degree, it's excessive. It's more than I like. A second meaning is to make a strong point. So, similar to emphasis here, right? "Not only is he good looking, he's nice, too!" It makes it stronger. But you'll notice that the "too" is at the
end of the sentence, as opposed to when we talked about "also". I said you have to put at the beginning for
emphasis. You can also use "too" as a response, okay? You can use "too" as a response. What do you mean by you can use "too" as a
response? Has anyone ever said to you, "Have a nice
day?" Or you say "Have a nice day!" and they respond
to you not, "You have a nice day", they say, "You too". It's a response to "Have a nice day". That's the one that's most common. But it also can be a surprise response, like
if someone said, "I have crabs", and you go, "You too? You have crabs?" It means "I also have". Some of you will wonder what crabs are. That's what YouTube is for, and Google. Go check it out, okay? So, if someone says, "I have crabs." "You too?" It's a surprise to what you said, but if someone
says, "Hey, have a great day", you go "You too". "Good luck!" "You too!" A response as in I want you to have that same
experience as well, okay? Alright. Now, I want to go over to the third one, which
is "as well". "As well" is a phrase, it's not an adverb,
literally it's not a single word, it's a phrase. It's a phrase from well, "as well". We talked about it being in addition, so it
means added information. But it also can mean "with equal reason or
equally good result". Which means whatever happens, it will be equal
to what we do. So, here's an example to make it easy, "We
might as well go home. The game is finished." Well, the result's going to be the same. If we stay there, nothing is going to happen,
because the game is finished. If we go home, there won't be any more game,
the game is finished. The result is the same, okay? So, I know the definition. I'm a very firm believer in giving a definition
then giving an example, because when you give the example first, this, sometimes you go,
"Oh, it's about games!" and like, it can be used a lot of times, like, "We might as well
go to bed, there's no power." We might as well, like, the result's the same. There's no power, it's dark, you can't see. So, staying up, you can't see. If you go to bed, you can't see. Go to bed. The same, equal result. Definition seems confusing, but I would also
say to people, give the definition then give the example. You only need two or three. If you give the example, you need to give
a thousand for someone to go, "Okay, it's not just for this." Alright? So, the result will be the same, regardless. Alright? Now, you can use emphasis for using - for
both "too" and "as well". I know I said with "also". I did "also" first because "also" you put
at the beginning of the sentence. When we use it for emphasis here, we usually
put it at the end of the sentence for "too" and "as well", and that's one of the key differences. Placement of where you want it for to give
the emphasis. So, let's give an example. So, emphasis here. "Pick up your clothes and clean your room
too", right? I usually would have said "as well", but I
didn't have enough room on the board, so I had to put both. Either one could be used here. But what it means is it's to make it stronger. Maybe I'm angry and I've got a kid and my
kid has put their socks on the floor and their underwear and I'm like "Pick up your clothes,
and clean your room as well!" I want you to do both things, okay? I'm not happy. So, it's not just in addition. I'm not happy, that's the emphasis. If you said, "Pick up your clothes and clean
your room also", you'd be like, "Okay... I thought you were angry, but it's like you
just remember I've got to clean my room, no problem." This way, there's no - in English, how we
use it, there's no confusion. I'm not happy and I want you to know it. Or I'm making this point stronger, yeah? I could say, another example for emphasis,
"I'm proud of your behavior and your brother's, too", or "your brother's, as well", and I'm
kind of putting that emphasis like, I'm not just saying one is better, I'm making them
both equal but both strong. Cool? You like that? You got it? Don't forget the sandwich method for "also",
because I'm about to skip and you know what happens when I snap my fingers, we go to la-la
land where tests come up, bonus material and homework. Are you ready? Let's do it. Okay, so we worked on "also", "as well", and
"too". You noted the difference that "also" goes
at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, while "too" and "as well" goes at the end,
okay. And we talked about the differences for excessive
and whatnot. So, I'm not going to go over that, because
you can just press rewind and watch it, but we're going to go to the board and look at
what we can change in this particular story to use the new words we've got. And I'll talk about our bonus section, alright? And we'll do our homework. So, Mr. E ordered a hamburger and French fries
- French fries, fries, whatever, fries for lunch. I ordered the same meal that he ordered. I asked Josh - sorry, I asked if Josh was
coming to join us at lunch. He said yes, and on top of that, Daniel would
join us. We should be sensible and get a table for
four. I said we should change the restaurant because
it was excessively expensive. There's actually almost nothing really wrong
with this, it's just boring as all hell, and you just learned something, so why don't we
use it? Okay, so Mr. E ordered a hamburger for - and
fries for lunch. That's okay. I ordered the same meal that he ordered. I think we can work on that, and we can change
this part here - here, around here, we can change this, right? Next, I asked if Josh was coming to join us
at lunch. I think we change this as well. Alright? He said yes, and on top of that - we're going
to change that - we should be sensible - sensible, and I put a star here because I haven't actually
talked to you about that one, but it's on this side of the board. And that one goes with this one as well. There are two that I'm going to teach you
later, but you're going to see how it can be used from the three words we used. We should get a table for four. I said we should change the restaurant because
it was - and I'm going to use this one here. That gives us one, two, three, four, five
areas we can change. Now, let's look at why we can change them
and maybe what we can change them to. Mr. E ordered a hamburger and I ordered the
same, well the key here is "same", right? Same that they did, so I might say that's
an "in addition", right? And if someone was coming to join us, or with
us, right, coming to join us? That's also "in addition", coming to join,
so that's what we're really looking at here. And on top of that, we haven't really dealt
with that, but I'm going to come back to that after. I'll show you what word we're going to use
and then I'll explain it in the bonus section. The same thing works with sensitive - sensitive,
I'm sensitive today, it's my birthday. No, it's not, I just made a mistake. And excessive, excessive, there was a word
we found there, okay? So, let's go to the board and I've identified
what it is we want to change. I'm going to wait just a second or two, because
some of you, I know, have probably sat down and you've gone back and you've looked at
- you're rewound and you know which words I'm talking about. And someone of you have - oh, it looks like
you're ready, so let's do that. Alright, so, we talked about is the meal the
same, right, that he ordered the same meal. So, I think we can have up to three choices
on this one, alright? Probably wouldn't use "also", because I said
that usually goes at the beginning or we use the verb, but we could do this: I ordered
the same meal. I'm going to go here and I'm just going to
put this - "as well". Alright? I'm not - I said we could use three. We could put the "also" somewhere else in
the sentence, in front of the single verb. I'm not going to do that. I would say we could use this and just put
"as well, too", but all three could be used because it's about additional information,
right? I got the same thing as well, in addition. I could have said, "Also, I ordered the same
meal", right? Or, I also ordered the same meal, or we could
it put it here, so all three could be used. I'm just going with these two for simplicity
and putting them at the end, alright? How about the next sentence, where I said
"coming to join us?" "I asked if Josh was coming..." and because
of the rule where we said the "also" should go in front of the verb and I'm not doing
that; we can go here. So, we can use these two, "as well" or "too"
again. Right? Now, if I put "also", I'd put it here with
"Josh was also coming", but I'm not going to do that, so all three could be used, but
we'll go here, "as well" or "too" for the end of the sentence to make it simple. Okay, so we've done two and now we're going
to look at the other part I talked about on top of that. So, we're going to erase that, erase "on top
of", that section here, and we're going to put "also". I told you I'd discuss that when we get to
the bonus, which I will, alright? So, we've got "also". And then finally, we're going to get rid of
this. Now, I got rid of "should" and I'm changing
it, because these are both modal verbs, but in order to make this work, I have to change
this so be careful. But you'll notice when I did the other screen
when we were talking earlier, I took "We may as well go home", right? You can't say "should as well go home", but
"may as well go home". So, I have to get rid of that modal, but a
modal verb is necessary, that's why I've got to put "may", so I need to use another modal
verb. So, "We may as well", do that, get rid of,
so, get rid of that. And then finally, something's excessively
expensive, okay? This one's easy. So, we're just going to here, I'll be off
screen for just a second. But that's the easy one. Let's look over what I've written and see
if this is correct. Mr. E ordered a hamburger and fries for lunch. I ordered the same meal as well, or I could
say I ordered the same meal, too. I asked if Josh was coming as well, or too. Okay, we can use that. He said yes, and also that Daniel would join
us. We may as well get a table for four. I said we should change the restaurant because
it was too expensive. Now, notice how we had all this stuff, we
got rid of the excessive words, shortened down our phrases and we also made them more
interesting. Now, what I want to do is because I'm sure
there are two of them, which I told you, when we said "on top of" or "on top of that" and
"sensible", where did that come from? Well, that's in our bonus section. Sometimes, I need to keep you interested. If I tell you everything, you won't pay attention. I've got up here a list of the three words
that we just did and other words that can be used. When you do writing, and I did forget to mention
that "also" is usually written, people don't say "also" all the time. "Also" this, "also" that, they'll say "too"
or "as well". But in written, you'll find "also". And I'm explaining that because you'll see
words like "furthermore", okay? "On top of that" is informal, "On top of that,
blah blah blah", people will say. So, another word for "also" is "on top of
that". But in formal writing, you'll see people say
"furthermore". So, that can be used for that and is usually
for formal writing, you'd want to use that, right? Furthermore, we must do this, this. Not just also, do this and this. Another word for "as well" would be "sensible"
or "appropriate". We should do this because it's sensible. Or we may as well do this, and that's why
I said "We may as well go home", because it's sensible to go home if the game is finished,
or it's an appropriate action to take, right? The result will be the same. Too, remember I talked about it being excessive? Well, we have "unreasonably", "very", or "extremely". I did a video with "very", saying when you
should not use "very". Well, now you know there's another word you
can use, "too", or "extremely" or "unreasonably", okay? You should check that one out. Finally, for homework, what do I want to give
you for homework? I want you to write out six sentences. Now, they're going to be in pairs, because
we have three words, I want you to write two sentences for each word. I want one with the sentence meaning, so "in
addition", sorry I forgot to put it in here. So, one sentence I want you to write "in addition". So, "I ordered a hamburger as well", right? In addition to what else was ordered, okay? The other one I want you to use it for emphasis. Show that you understand emphasis; how "also"
is used for emphasis at the beginning of a sentence, or "too" can be used at the end
of the sentence. So, you can see those differences. Alright? Good. And before I go, I want to say thank you to
Nancy Carmona. I hope I'm not screwing your name up, please
forgive me. I do look through the comments, and I noticed
that you asked for this video, so this is for you. I hope that clears up any problems that you've
had with "as well", "too", and "also". And I invite any of you as I've said many
times, write something, because I do look them over. And if it's a great lesson, I'll put it out
there and I'll make sure you get the respect and adulation you deserve for your hard work,
okay? Thanks for watching the previous video. Once again, I've got to get out of here, also. So, please subscribe. There's a bell, ring my bell, and when you
do that, you'll get the latest video that I've produced. Also, don't forget to sign up for www.engvid.com
, because if you do that, you get on the quiz. Do your homework. Do your homework at, you know, underneath
this video. Do it on www.engvid.com . It's a great community. People love to come back and they talk and
help you improve, right? And you've found out I read what you write,
so you know, we'll be in touch. Anyway, gotta go. Have a good one, alright? Take care. Oh, always, thank you for being a great audience. Ciao!
