Australia and New Zealand Two countries in Oceania...more specifically…Australasia. Separated by the Tasman Sea, they’re two
well developed countries that often rank really high on nearly every quality of life ranking
list and are, uh, pretty awesome. Both seem to be kind of far away from the
entire rest of the world, and kind of in their own little world since they’re both so unique. Let’s first look at some differences between
the two. First of all, New Zealand doesn’t exist. Ok, ok, that’s just basically a meme at
this point that started since so many world maps were leaving out New Zealand. In fact, there’s even a large subreddit
dedicated to them. But don’t believe the hype. New Zealand, in fact, DOES exist. See, there it is. Australia exists, too, but it’s about 29
times bigger than New Zealand. It’s the sixth largest country in the world,
baby. That said, it only has around five times as
many people. (A- 25.7 million, NZ- 5 million) Why? Well, check this map out. Only 2% of the population of Australia lives
in the yellow area. And why does only 2% of the population of
Australia live in that yellow area? That’s because much of it is desert or near
desert. 35% of the Australian continent doesn’t
get enough rain. But what about up here? Well few live here mostly just because it’s
so isolated from the rest of the population of Australia. Only one metropolitan area in New Zealand
has a population over one million people. That’d be the magnificent Auckland. Australia, meanwhile, has five metro areas
with over one million people. Its two biggest cities, Sydney and Melbourne,
each have more people than the ENTIRE COUNTRY OF NEW ZEALAND. Being so much bigger, Australia has a wider
range of different types of climates. New Zealand has mostly an oceanic climate,
whereas Australia is, well just look at this map. As I said earlier, much of it is desert or
semi-arid. I should probably now bring up the sparsely
populated area famously known as the Outback. While the Outback is typically only associated
with the dry parts, it also includes the northern areas of Australia that have a savanna climate. Basically, the huge area in Australia where
humans don’t dare live. It’s a magical place. And believe it or not, Australia has a little
bit of rainforest and parts have a monsoon climate. Along the eastern coast, southeastern coast
and island state of Tasmania, where most of the population lives by the way, Australia
has a mostly oceanic and humid subtropical climate, but don’t forget the lovely Mediterranean
climate along parts of the southern and southwestern coasts. That’s also where a lot of Australians live. Australia has a more varied landscape, and
this magnificent sandstone formation, Uluru, one of the most important indigenous sites
in the country. New Zealand’s mountains are way more impressive
and tower over Australia’s mountains. In fact, many people not from Australia forget
that Australia actually has mountains. Meanwhile, everyone seems to know about New
Zealand’s dramatic mountains due to the Lord of the Rings and Hobbit films. The producer of those films, Peter Jackson,
is from New Zealand, and he almost single handedly put New Zealand on the map due to
those films. Remember how I said it’s often not on maps? Sorry for the bad joke there. Anyway, you can visit the actual Shire from
the film today. And fun fact! My uncles lived in New Zealand while they
worked on the Lord of the Rings films. What was I talking about again? Oh yes, mountains! New Zealand’s highest peak is around 1500
meters taller than Australia’s highest peak. Well mainland Australia at least. No one seems to care about you Mawson Peak,
way over on Australia’s Heard island. New Zealand sits on the infamous Ring of Fire,
an area where lots of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions tend to occur. Australia doesn’t have to worry about volcanoes. Also, since Australia sits on top of a very
stable tectonic plate with no active faults, residents there don’t have to worry much
about large earthquakes. New Zealanders, on the other hand, have to
worry about a major earthquake at least once every ten years. Related to this, both Australia and New Zealand
occasionally have to worry about tsunamis. Australia gets hit more by cyclones. While both countries have to worry about floods
and wildfires, Australia is more often in the news for them. Also, while bushfires are a regular thing
in Australia, it had one of the worst bushfire seasons in recorded history from September
2019 to March 2020. It was catastrophic and a bit horrifying,
to say the least. New Zealand is made up of islands. Australia is mostly made up of a continent. Liam: Well actually, some people actually
call Australia a really big island Mr. Beat: Well that’s preposterous. What a silly notion. Australia is clearly a continent. Liam: I mean, I agree with you, but that doesn’t
stop the millions of people out there from calling it an island. Mr. Beat: Well someone needs to stop them. Liam, you must stop them. Liam: Uh, well I don’t know if that’s
possible, Mr. Beat. However, I can make a video looking at why
some people think Australia is an island. Mr. Beat: Right on. Can you have it done by the time I’m done
with this video? Liam: I’ll see what I can do Mr. Beat: Dang, that’s awesome. (Liam zooms off screen) Well I’m looking
forward to seeing how that turns out. So anyway, like I said, Australia is also
mainly a continent, the oldest, flattest, and driest continually inhabited continent
with the worst soil for farming. And yes, New Zealand is made up of islands…around
600 of them, and they’re mostly remnants of a bigger land mass under the sea (Under
the Sea!) called Zealandia. Of those 600, however, only 13 are inhabited
by humans. Most of the population of New Zealand lives
on the BIG TWO, the two larger main islands, the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Maui, and South
Island, or Te Waipounamu. Oh yeah? Well Australia has 8,222 islands, so it’s
sooo much more than just a measly continent. Many seem to forget that New Zealand is lower
in latitude, I mean, higher in latitude gosh that’s confusing…it’s higher in latitude
than most of Australia. Further south ok? Latitude-wise, Australia is more African than
European by the way. Australia borders the Indian Ocean. New Zealand borders the Pacific Ocean. East of New Zealand is just wow. Quite a bit of ocean there. And quite a bit of ocean west of Australia,
too. Australians are often called Aussies and New
Zealanders are often called Kiwis. That name comes from the kiwi, a flightless
bird native to the country that’s also a national symbol. Here is a Kiwi holding a kiwi. New Zealand is growing at a faster rate. (A- 1.3%, NZ- 2.1%) The cost of living is lower in New Zealand. Not only that, but residents there generally
pay lower taxes than residents in Australia. Australia has a higher GDP per capita. (A- $51,812.15 USD, NZ- $41,791.79 USD). That said, wealth inequality is a bit worse
there. Also, New Zealand spends a higher percentage
of its total GDP on education. (A- 5.3%, NZ- 6.4%) Major industries in Australia include mining,
energy, manufacturing, and financial services. Major industries in New Zealand include agriculture,
forestry, tourism, and food processing. New Zealand generally has faster internet
speeds. While sheep outnumber humans in Australia
3 to 1, sheep outnumber humans in New Zealand 6 to 1. Residents of Australia are generally more
religious. The biggest religion there is Christianity. Within that group, most are Protestant. Almost half of New Zealanders have no religion. There’s no big highway that goes straight
through Australia east to west. I mean, there’s the Outback Highway, a series
of roads and dirt tracks that link the east and west, but uh, I ain’t trusting that,
dude. There is a north-south highway that links
Adelaide and Darwin, though. Stuart Highway, aka “The Track.” It’s just a 31-hour drive! There’s a weird tradition in New Zealand
of going places without shoes, apparently. You know, I think they’re on to something
there. New Zealand legalized same-sex marriage more
than four years before Australia. Australia has possibly the world’s longest
fence, meant to prevent the dingoes from killing sheep in the southeastern part of the country. In fact, it’s even called the Dingo Fence. Due to its long geographic isolation, most
of Australia’s mammals, amphibians, and reptiles are uniquely native to it. New Zealand has hardly any dangerous animals. Australia, on the other hand, has the most
animals with the most deadly venom. Sure, it's known for its cuddly koalas, wombats,
and kangaroos, but many of its native animals will actively try to KILL YOU, from sharks,
to jellyfish, to snakes. That said, this may all be overhyped. In fact, due to antivenom inventions, these
two horrifying spiders native to Australia haven’t killed anyone there since 1979. Australia has one of the highest electoral
turnout rates in the world. Why? Well, probably because it’s mandatory for
citizens there to vote. Not in New Zealand, though. While medical marijauna is legal in both countries,
parts of Australia have either decriminalized or straight up legalized it. Hey speaking of…uh…parts. New Zealand is divided into 16 regions. Australia has six states, three internal territories,
and seven external territories. So what’s the difference between states
and territories there? Well states have more freedom to do their
own thing. Territories are more under the direct control
of the federal government. Hey speaking of government, while both have
a parliamentary system, representative democracies, and constitutional monarchies, Australia is
a federation. And speaking of that, New Zealand once had
the opportunity to become part of that federation. Yep, it could have been part of Australia,
but turned it down. Oh hey, let’s look at some history now,
shall we? Humans have lived in Australia up to 64,000
years before they’ve lived in New Zealand. Aboriginal Australians, or a name given to
the various groups of people who all first settled Australia, likely arrived by sea from
Asia and developed a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Over a period of time of tens of thousands
of years, the climate of Australia drastically changed. The earliest humans reached modern-day Tasmania
around 30,000 years ago. Back then, it was connected to the continent
via a land bridge. The first Torres Strait Islanders arrived
from what is now Papua New Guinea around 2,500 years ago. New Zealand, meanwhile, was one of the last
places settled by humans on earth. It wasn’t until 1,000 years ago, or maybe
as recent as 750 years ago, that the Māori first arrived on canoes. The Dutch were the first Europeans to come
across both places. In 1606, the Dutch explorer Willem Janszoon
first landed in Australia. 36 years later, the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman
spotted New Zealand, but never settled there. The same year Janszoon had landed in Australia,
the Spanish explorer Luis Vaz de Torres checked out the Torres Strait and its associated islands
which is why they’re all named after him. However, it was the Dutch who came back in
greater numbers to check out Australia, which they called New Holland, of course. Not many stuck around to live, though. Around 1720ish, some Makassar people from
modern-day Indonesia came down to settle Australia. And then there was that James Cook dude, an
extremely influential British explorer and cartographer. He first checked out, mapped out, and claimed
New Zealand for Britain in 1769, and then checked out, mapped out, and claimed the eastern
coast of Australia for Britain the next year. The French came to both places soon after
that, looking at possible colonization, but they became a bit preoccupied and never followed
through. The British, however, did. In 1788, they arrived to settle, establishing
the colony of New South Wales, specifically at Sydney Cove on January 26, which today
is Australia's national day, Australia Day. Many of the first settlers of Sydney were
British convicts. Criminals. Mostly for petty crimes, but ya know. Over the next 100 years, the British would
establish several other colonies across the entire continent. Similar to when the British established colonies
in North America, at first they tried to live somewhat harmoniously with the various indigenous
people of Australia, who, ya know, had already been there for tens of thousands of years. However, similar to North America, the indigenous
population had little resistance to several introduced diseases they brought over. Smallpox, measles, influenza, typhoid, and
tuberculosis possibly shrunk the Aboriginal population up to 70%. And then of course, future British settlers
weren’t as kind to the natives, and they took land that many indigenous folks claimed
was supposed to be communal. This led to much conflict, especially in the
early 1800s. Meanwhile, things were a bit more chill in
New Zealand. The first British settlers there were mostly
Christian missionaries, and they lived at Rangihoua Bay beginning in 1815. They founded Kerikeri in 1822 and Bluff in
1823. The Maori and British mostly got along, at
least until the New Zealand Wars broke out. What a surprise, treaties had been broken
and the Maori got upset. Even though the Maori were greatly outnumbered
and had inferior weapon technology, they put up a good fight for decades, but ultimately
lost most of their land and livelihood. Most of the new settlers in both places did
the the whole farming thing, but land in Australia wasn’t as fertile as many were hoping it
would be. However, mining also became a thing. Gold rushes caused the Australian population
to more than double between 1851 and 1860. New Zealand also had some gold rushes in the
1860s. Meanwhile, Australia and New Zealand, being
literally on the other side of the world from Britain, had been becoming more and more independent. The British Parliament did allow a form of
self-government to the Australian colonies and the Colony of New Zealand. By the 1880s, though, a huge nationalist movement
had developed in Australia. Surprisingly, a huge feminist movement had
developed in New Zealand also by that time. In 1893, New Zealand became the absolute first
country in the world to give women the right to vote. But hey, nine years later, Australia became
the second country in the world to finally let women vote. Oh, and uh…that was the year after Australia
became an independent country. Australia said New Zealand could join up,
but New Zealand was like “naw man, we’re cool.” Australia was like “suit yourself,” and
carried on. Instead, New Zealand earned “Dominion”
status in 1907, which was similar to Australia so it has pretty much been an independent
country ever since as well. Only in the 1900s did the population of both
countries really start to grow. And grow they did, although both today are
still sparsely populated. Alright then, yeah… for the rest of the
video, let’s uh…look at the similarities between the two countries. Due to the aforementioned legacy of the British,
the majority of residents of both countries speak English. Maori and New Zealand Sign Language are also
official languages in New Zealand. Residents of both countries have different
accents, although for outsiders that may be hard to pick up. One way to tell is how they say their vowels. Aussies tend to draw out vowels compared to
Kiwis. According to the World Happiness Index, residents
of both are generally among the happiest in the world. Probably related to this, both have very low
poverty. Both have a high percentage of residents born
in another country. (A- 30%, NZ- 27.4%). And if YOU are interested in moving to either
(‘cause ya know you want to be happy, too) know that both are two of the easiest countries
to immigrate to in the world. Because of this high immigration, both are
ethnically diverse. While the majority of residents trace their
background to Europe, more than 16% of Australians and 12% of New Zealanders trace their ancestry
to Asia. New Zealand also still has a large Māori
population. Māori culture remains a big part of New Zealand
culture today. Both have a similar median household income. The minimum age to drink alcohol in both is
18. Both have areas with weird time zones. Both have flags that are often confused since
they’re so similar since they both feature the British Union Jack in the top left corner
and stars. An easy way to know the difference is that
New Zealand’s stars are red with anger from constantly getting mixed up with Australia’s. The ozone layer is thinner above both countries
compared to most of the rest of the world. As I said earlier, both are two of the most
sparsely populated countries in the world. Australia, in particular. Sure, it may account for just over 5% of the
world’s land area, but it has just .3% of the global population. A big reason why is urbanization. Hey speaking of which, both are two of the
most urbanized countries in the world. Odds are, if you live in either country, you
live in a city. Both have versions of universal healthcare. Related to this, both have a really high life
expectancy. (A- 82.9, NZ- 81.7) The median age in both is about the same. (A- 37, NZ- 37.4) Regarding violent crime, both are two of the
safest countries in the world. Both have historically had to deal with LOTs
of invasive species, or non-native types of organisms introduced to an area that become
way overpopulated and hurt the local environment. As I said earlier, many people who live in
both have recent ancestors from other parts of the world, and those ancestors brought
lots of animals with them that had no natural predators. In other words, no one eats them. Because of this, in Australia, they’ve had
to deal with an overpopulation of European rabbits, deer, cane toads, and honey bees,
as well as wild herds of cats, goats and horses. And believe it or not, Australia is the only
country in the world with wild herds of camels. Oh, and there was that mice plague last year. Goodness gracious. New Zealand also has its fair share of invasive
species…many of the same ones as Australia but other standouts like rats, possums, and
weasels, but it has been a bit more aggressive getting rid of them in recent years. Residents of both often call the undeveloped
areas of their countries “the bush.” Rugby is ridiculously popular in both. And of course there’s all the sports rivalries
between the two, the biggest probably revolving around rugby and rugby league, of course,
but also cricket and netball. All these weird sports Down Under. Oh, “Down Under” is what folks often call
these two countries since they're “down under” most other countries, meaning they’re
pretty far south, man. Coincidentally, “Down Under” by Men at
Work is also the national anthem of Australia. Just kidding. But shout out to Australian music. No offense, New Zealand, but in my humble
opinion Australia’s music is defo way better. Don’t believe me? Name one New Zealand band off the top of your
head. Exactly. Also, there’s this Australian band called
King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard that wrote a song about me, so that’s pretty rad and
stuff. And one final thing. In 2006, an Australian tried to sell New Zealand
on Ebay. In conclusion, while there is indeed a bit
of rivalry OVERALL today between Australia and New Zealand, I think they will always
have this special bond due to being on the edge of the globe far away from most of it
all. They really are two special, amazing countries. Oh before we go, I almost forgot. Liam? Liam: Yes, Mr. Beat? Mr. Beat: Did you happen to get done with
your video? Liam: Why yes I did, and I’m happy to report
that Australia is an island continent. Mr. Beat: Well it’s settled then Hey did you know that an estimated $1.7 TRILLION
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Masterworks for sponsoring this video. G’day, thanks to Liam from the channel State
of the World for collaborating with me for this video. He really did make a video look at why folks
call Australia an island, so be sure to check it out and you might as well subscribe to
State of the World while you’re at it. Also a shout out to Jon from the channel Veritas
et Caritas , who is from Australia and looked over my script. So which is better? Australia or New Zealand? Which two countries should I compare next? Let me know down below. And now it’s time for my monthly shout out
to my Patreon supporters who donate at least $15 or more each month to my channel. Starting with my $20 a month supporters,
