well hi everyone here we are again we talked nathaniel jensen for part 11 and part 12 of rewriting history now this episode is episode 11 if you want to see the previous episodes one to ten you can go to the Answers in Genesis youtube channel or if you now subscribe which is very minimal cost two answers t be our own streaming platform they'll all be up on there and that's really the best place to keep up to date with all of this well episode 11 and dr. Jensen said that this is sort of a summary of it a revolution in pre-columbian history who ruled the Americas before Columbus the years we've been taught that the Americas were sparsely populated by primitive peoples who lived in such harmony with nature that they were nearly invisible then Europeans came with their guns destroying both nature Native Americans and Native American culture new evidence from a surprising source shows a stereotype to be wrong and the source mainstream archeology so dr. Jensen this is going to be very interesting I'm sure you might raise a few eyebrows maybe I don't know so why don't you take it from here these next several episodes are gonna be quite eyebrow-raising so it'll be it'll be exciting to see how people respond this is again all part of our ongoing series as Ken mentioned a new history of the human race and we're finally getting to what I've subtitled this for several episodes the resetting of the Americas before Columbus and other surprises from DNA and we've seen many surprises that changed the stereotypes of how we understand who we came from we see so many differences in our world today culturally linguistically physically and our sinful natures want to push people away and treat them as foreign and and separate and different and somehow we know that somehow it connects but it's we have this evolutionary mindset of it's just this distant past and I I guess it happens but don't really think about it and not surprisingly there's all sorts of racist stereotypes and attitudes that arise from we're seeing that the things we've taken for granted as the relationships among us today are often wrong as well the assumptions that we carry into our views about ancient history I've grown up thinking well ancient Egypt is not my heritage the Greeks are not my heritage maybe there's some cultural influences we have from the Greeks in terms of Western civilization but I'm half German my mother was born and raised in Germany my dad's been American for several generations so what do I have to do with ancient Egypt with ancient Persia well I've discovered through genetics that this stereotype I've had of my relationship with the ancients is also wrong and I've promised that we're gonna discover several shocking facts about the history of the planet when we ask the question of who we come from I've said we're gonna see that so-called black white people exist we're just various shades of brown but Caucasians are running around the Americas and Europe who think they've had Caucasian ancestors for thousands of years when in fact they've had dark-skinned ancestors for thousands of years and wouldn't know it apart from the genetics were going to discuss we've seen in previous episodes especially episodes 7 through 10 that most Europeans Western Europeans Eastern Europeans are of recent Asian ancestry so we think of ourselves I think of myself I'm I'm a Caucasian look at my features yet you go back a thousand years a few hundred years for some Eastern Europeans and there's Asians in the family tree and we've also seen that genetically most European nationalities disappear sure we like to take pride in our heritage Italian cooking I'd like to take part of my German heritage when it's something to be proud of like winning the World Cup not so much when it deals with the Nazis so these nationalistic identities they disappear at the genetic level within a few hundred years we're gonna look at this episode and in several subsequent episodes a shocking fact about the Americas that they were resettled at least once before Columbus arrived and eventually we're gonna get back to the most ancient times and deal with questions about the Neanderthals who they were whether they were primitive or not and discovered that they were likely the survivors of several ancient catastrophes my goal in all this dr. Jason if I can just ask again for you to also summarize that a lot of this really comes out of genetics research and particularly dealing with the rock the Y chromosome that's inherited through the male and yes the the the difference is because of mutations and the similarities and so on yes and this is information you won't find anywhere else you can't go to a popular genetic testing company and say hey I heard about this these shocking discoveries about history can you tell you who I come from they can't do that on one hand most of their tests look at DNA that's inherited from both parents and my my German signal I'm half German I'm 50% genetically German and my children are gonna be 25% and it drops by half every generation so that signal of my ancestry goes away real fast so if you take one of these tests you're likely only gonna know what your Anil from your family tree anyways they only go back four or five generations and then if they look at the Y chromosome or mitochondrial DNA they're still operating with a mainstream timescale that human history goes back hundreds of thousands of years and they don't even think of looking for the signature of the history of civilization that Persians the Egyptians the Greeks the Mongols and so forth in fact because they stretch out human history so long it's very difficult for them to see the signatures of this history what we're seeing is that when you look at these particular compartments and we've seen now it's it's the Y chromosome the male inherited the that's key and you view it through the young earth time skill number one you see history pop out and it's a confirmation that it's the younger the time skill that's the valid one and not the old earth time scale and the principle that we're applying is really just the principle of family trees the closer the branches connect the more recently we have a common ancestor the more distant the branches connect the more distant past we have a common ancestor it's it's this process of this existence of a DNA clock that allows us to make these sorts of inferences so Ken and I get a y-chromosome test and we and and our DNA differences are very few and it in reloads it leads to the to the reconstruction of a family tree with short connections that means we have a recent ancestor if he and I have a lot of y chromosomes differences between us we have to go back in the distant past to find our common ancestor and so there's major apologetic applications if you're watching this as a creationist if you're not a creationist and you're watching this is a very strong challenge to the mainstream view that I think everyone should consider but my even bigger goal in all this is not just apologetic oh that's that's a gigantic goal my job my goal is even bigger that we we'd marvel at who we've come from who we are we'd marvel at the histories of those we love in a way we've never dreamed of marveling before this is new research these are things I wouldn't have dreamed of myself concluding five ten years ago this is this is recent research these are facts you won't find anywhere else this is the only place to find it right now and hopefully a little it'll be in a book within the next 12 to 18 months so today let's think about the Native Americans and I'm going to start by thinking about one of the the famous men from the Wild West George Armstrong Custer on June 25th 1876 he led a regiment of US Army soldiers to engage a group of Cheyenne and Sioux warriors near the Little Bighorn River in Montana territory now this is post-civil war era the US as a nation is pushing westward they're trying to ensure safe passage for settlers fortune seekers gold seekers and standing in the way from the European perspective are the Native Americans by in this case Sitting Bull now one of Custer's fatal mistakes that day was he underestimated the size of the enemy that he a fit that he faced he thought they're only about 800 turns out they're about 2,000 the other fatal mistake that he made was to divide up his band into three groups he was trying to surprise them and the people who got surprised that day were Custer and his men who in their famous last stand all lost their lives on a hill that day so this was a victory for the Native Americans 14 years later 14 and a half years later on December 29 1890 the close of the 1800s a fight broke out near Wounded Knee Creek again between US Army soldiers and Native Americans in this case though it was a massacre and several hundred Lakota Sioux tribes people were dead at the end of it buried in a mass grave and that effectively closed the chapter that was the Native American resistance to European incursions westward now if you're like me you've grown up being taught that Native Americans had been here in the Americas for thousands of years they were primitive so to speak in their technology and their ways of life but it was a very peaceful nature loving nature respecting existence and Along Came the Europeans with their guns of multiple sizes and shapes who wiped them out in short order because the Native Americans had no such technology with which to resist it bows and arrows couldn't stand up to guns now I've discovered in the last few years from mainstream archaeology of all sources that this view of the Americas is being overturned so who are these people who from and what were they doing here before Columbus arrived we've seen an episode 1 the world is smaller than we think the history of human population growth shows a spike in the last few hundred years so that going back just if a few generations maybe 20 generations there's a lot fewer people to find as a spouse so you even either have to marry someone who's a closer relative and we might be more comfortable with today or you need to marry someone outside your group and this is gonna begin to connect the family trees of humanities in ways that we hadn't expected we've also done the math of human population excuse me the math of our ancestors I have two parents you have two parents of four grandparents eight great-grandparents sixteen thirty-two and in just a thousand years this is still the ad era Middle Ages I have in theory more ancestors in my family tree than there are people alive on the planet that can't possibly be true my parents must be more related to each other than I've previously thought of thought of it as which means that if you apply that math around the globe there must be more connections among the ethnic groups so-called racial groups then we're used to thinking about we've looked at the genetics of this to see how easy racial or ethnic change can occur just a few generations this means that if you combine it with the math of human reproductive growth that in theory most of Europe could be a recent African descent we've seen that in fact there of recent Asian descent and if you go back to Episode four you can see just how easy it is for this sort of process to occur we've also seen that the global family tree is much more shallow much shorter than we used to thinking about even as young earth creationists so we threw out the term 6,000 years 4,500 years from the time of the flood which are dramatically different from the evolutionary time scale if you convert those years though to generations it becomes even more shocking to go from eight people at the time of the flood to the nearly eight billion alive in the world today is just 200 generational steps or less so you start to think about okay eight to eight billion and 200 steps or less whoa that means we have to start connecting the family trees much more quickly than we used to thinking about we've also seen as I mentioned earlier that it's it's the male inherited DNA and you can go back to episodes five and six to see why it's this specific segment of our DNA that's so key it doesn't get diluted by the other parents DNA by moms DNA and it's a clock that exists in ourselves it ticks every generation it marks off how many generations have passed since let's say Ken and I have had a common ancestor since my wife's family and my family have had a common ancestor anyone has that a common ancestor you can see this then to the global Y chromosome tree in Episode seven we began to see what this tree tells us about who we come from beginning with Europe we'd look for the lost relatives of Europe seeing connections between Britain and India even though we've grown up thinking that when the East India Company arrived in the shores of India in the 1600s this was a long-awaited meeting of two ancient cultures will in fact they shared a recent common ancestor in the 1500s we've seen that there's a good chunk of Europe and of India and of the Middle East and Central Asia that has recent Mongol ancestry they don't even know it it's only it's only revealed for the y-chromosome consistent with history but not something we'd expect we've also seen that another third of Eastern Europe has an ancient Chinese connection that's not something you'd expect given what we've thought about of China as being this long-standing isolated culture which it has been yet there's these genetic connections that have escaped and slipped through and connected to the two modern Europe we looked at who settled the Americas after Columbus in last time episode 10 and seen that it's primarily Western Europeans but Western Europeans have recent Central Asian ancestry and so I think of myself as Caucasian yet you go back a thousand years and lo and behold or even a few hundred years and lo and behold it's Central Asians who are in the family tree not indigenous Europeans so that's the hidden history of the Americas the ancestors of most Americans and so most Americans say at least in the u.s. our Caucasian Latin America doesn't have a European influence the mass majority of recent European ancestry yet these Europeans are themselves descendants of Central Asians in the recent past so today we want to look at that revolution in pre-columbian history and to set it up I want to review what I grew up with which is probably I'm assuming what many of you viewers have grown up with when I took history in high school we took world history we took US history and so Native Americans were in the context of learning about the history of the United States so for me growing up the history of the Americas began with Columbus's arrival 1492 and then it took a leap forward talking maybe about Jamestown that was just in passing and and the real business of the Americas got started in 1620 with the arrival of the pilgrims the first Thanksgiving peaceful relationships between the Europeans the Native Americans eventually history moves to the first thirteen colonies then the American Revolution the Declaration of Independence in 1776 the war for independence and then this moves this new nation inevitably net westward as the u.s. acquires the Louisiana Purchase and other parts of the US and people begin to move into these newly acquired territories and it was this process of arriving on the Atlantic seaboard and pushing westward where we learned about the Native Americans as they were encountered by Europeans now the European excuse me the Native American history for me has always been a gigantic blank spot I'm I'm used to thinking about the groups of peoples in Geographic and ecological categories woodlands peoples in the Northeast Plains Indians like the Sioux and in the Midwest and of course we learned first about the the Iroquois because and and then Mohawk and other northeastern groups because that's where the Europeans first arrived and so we learned about their ways of life and their cultures their long houses their weapons which I always found fascinating also their hairstyles obviously to this day I still find very interesting and appreciate it but in terms of weaponry weaponry grew up with the idea that they were no match for European guns and so inevitably then you see early in US history removals forcible removals of Native Americans from their homelands westward so the Trail of Tears moving the Chickasaw and Choctaw and Cherokee and Creek and Seminole tribes from their southeastern United States homelands into now modern-day Oklahoma and of course as the u.s. keeps pushing westward these encounters continue grew up reading Little House on the Prairie they talk about encounters as they're pushing westward with these Native Americans and of course the Plains tribes are often the most romanticized and and when we think of Native Americans as Americans thinking of fellow Americans this is often what we think of subconsciously those who rode horses survived on the Buffalo using every part of it therefore their existence Europeans moving westward with their guns and slaughtering massive numbers of them which is and threats the Native American Way of life and of course the eventual loss of Native American culture and lives at the hands of the US Army but who were these people with that history I still had no concept of their story of their origins and migration narratives I couldn't tell you anything about what happened before Europeans were here and this has always been a nagging mystery to me and one of the first steps towards wiping that blank slate clean and writing something down came when I lived in Texas so for six years I worked for the Institute for Creation Research before moving Answers in Genesis they're based in Dallas Texas Dallas Fort Worth is one large metropolitan area so the Fort Worth Stockyards are one of the historical cultural attractions and it wasn't a gift shop that my family and I went through one day and in the gift shop was a a map up there on the wall this wasn't the map of the closest the closest approximation I could find it was a map of the tribes I presume on the eve of Columbus's arrival or the arrival of Europeans on now u.s. shores and what struck me and what this map does a little bit of justice too is the demarcation of boundaries of these several different tribes this is a language map so there's in some cases you can see this this teal greenish shaded area here has multiple tribes it may not be visible on your screen but there's there's boundaries here and here what struck me and and finally connected for me was the fact that this map of the of North America of the modern US in terms of its Indian nation regions looked very much like Europe there were all sorts of so I guess you could say country boundaries and it was pockmarked with all these various tribes in a way that looked like how I thought of Europe and so this finally was a light bulb for me to say okay this is what Europe looks like and Europe has a long history in which I can tell you a long series of events it finally connected this this mystery to something tangible for me and of course we all know there's a history here for the Native American so they had nothing to connect it to nothing I could say this finally be this this very simple observation began to raise for me the possibility of discovering this history and the key step for me was again in Texas one of the books that was popular was a good seller was empire of the summer moon kana Parker in that and the rise and fall of the Comanche is the most powerful Indian tribe in American history there were a Texas tribe at that at the time of the European push westward and in this book which is a pretty fascinating read focusing primarily on those interactions in the the early westward push days he made a the author SD Gwyn made a comment almost a throwaway sentence but it caught my eye he said they the Comanches came from the high country in a place we now call Wyoming above the headwaters of the Arkansas River and so to put it on the map for us he was saying they originally were up here then they came down to here in this 1600 1700 s post Columbus yes but pre-european pushed westward this finally was now an event you could you could recognize as part of the story of these peoples so this is hardly any story I'm telling you but might the blank spot my mind I'm guessing for so many other people as well it was so empty just to have some small inkling of what was going on even if it's right before Europeans pushed westward was revolutionary for me the biggest revolution though came when I moved to Kentucky work Francis in Genesis I live in Boone County which is not that populated but it has apparently cuz of our tax dollars a fairly well funded library and had this book 1491 by Charles Mann he's a science journalist mainstream science journalist for science magazines written so he adopts the mainstream scientific timescale this is not equation as to what so ever but wrote this book 1491 new revelations of the Americas before Columbus and tells his story as having grown up decades ago learning the stereotypical views that we all learned about the history of the Americas before the arrival of Europeans or probably very little that history just hears who hears her Europeans interacted with as they pushed westward then he said he grew up had a son his son went to school learn the same sorts of things and it struck him that as a science writer he'd been attending all these archaeological conferences hearing about all these massive changes in understanding about these peoples and thought someone should really write a book about this now he gives us disclaimer at the beginning of his book and this was shocking to me it's a real it's it's a nonfiction archeology book essentially but for me a real patron er because what he says his show is so remarkable he said this book is not a systematic chronological account of the western hemispheres cultural and social development before 1492 he said such a book could not be written by the time the author approached the end the beginning would be outdated so he's saying I'm not even gonna try to write you a full account of this things are changing so fast in archaeology you can't even keep up with it so he picks three main topics and says I'm just gonna sketch for you it's been going on so the first main topic I've learned from this and also following them the literature since reading this book this came out in 2005 I've read it within the last five or so years since moving to Kentucky one of the things he points out is and one of things I appreciate it now and didn't appreciate before is that when Columbus arrives it's 1492 US history arrival of the pilgrims is over a century later there's a there's an over a century gap between the first permanent arrival of the Europeans and the general starting point of u.s. history this over a century gap is silent and contains long-held secrets that were just beginning to uncover and of course the European push westward 1800s is a three century gap and if we think of that battle between Custer and the Sioux and Cheyenne nearly four centuries have passed so the romanticized view of the Native Americans that we've grown up with represents a group of people who are the descendants of those who first encountered Columbus for centuries prior and that's multi century gap and time contains all sorts of mysteries were just beginning to unravel one of these secrets comes from and was buried in the baptism and death records of many of the Spanish churches in Latin America what I don't mean is that they were kept secret in and and obscured what I mean is that no one bothered to pay attention to what they were saying so in the past 50 years or so people have gone back to these records those that were closest to the arrival of Columbus and noticed a pattern the number of baptisms among these native groups was far less the number of deaths that recorded they began to plot these numbers and say okay many years many decades after Columbus arrived there were this many baptisms and death and if you move back a little bit closer there's this big skew and there were far more people dying than being baptized and then the gap gets even bigger and you start drawing a curve backwards you realize there was a massive die-off when Europeans arrived due to multiple factors apparently the the introduction of diseases to which the natives weren't resistant there was of course enslavement as well brutal treatment of these natives particularly in Latin America and many other factors but it's the magnitude of this die-off you may you may have already heard this because it's a common concept in today's Western culture that many people died but this the sheer number of it is something I didn't appreciate until reading this book so current estimates sort of middle-of-the-road estimates for how many people were here in the Americas on the eve of Columbus's arrival put about four million people in North America when I said North America for this for our purposes today I mean north of the Rio Grande in Central America in the Caribbean a whopping 26 million people were present and in South America about 24 million and just to put this in context because okay these might sound like big numbers but compared to what well around this time in Europe there were 78 million people in Africa 45 million people so there's more people in the Americas this isn't something big again this isn't some small primitive band of people there's massive numbers of people more people in the Americas than an African you what happens 300 years later by the time he reached the 1800s that number has dropped to under 10 million Europe has expanded 280 million people Africa despite the ongoing transatlantic slave trade is 70 million people this is a massive decline upwards of 80 to 90 percent of the people who were here apparently died out and were gone several centuries later now I said this is a middle-of-the-road figure because you're using death records at post date Columbus and you've got a few data points then you try to extrapolate into the past there's still severe debate within the academic community about what this number exactly is on the low end there's about someone say 8.4 million people which is if you if you then go back and go forward to the 1800s that puts very little die-off in those intervening centuries the upper end of those this so it puts puts it at 112 million people which is just under the combined total of Europe and Africa so 53 million is sort of middle-of-the-road very close to the population of Europe in Man says in his book that some American cities were larger than the leading European cities in their day so massive numbers of people in 1491 much larger than what we thought so that when the Americans push westward when Custer encounters the 2,000 Sioux and Cheyenne he's encountering the last remnants of a resistance to moving to a reservation at this time in US history the u.s. population is around 44 million the vast majority of which of being European Americans so what is the point of all this well the idea that it's guns and cannons that were superior to bows and arrows and this is why the Native Americans were unable to resist is only a small part of the story when these groups of people encounter one another violently in the late 1800s the Native Americans are at a severe population disadvantage the scenes of their eventual loss were sown several centuries prior my point is when Custer encounters the Sioux and Cheyenne he's encountering a relic a small relic of once what once existed in North America one of the second points man makes in his book deals with another stereotype that is often associated with this concept of small numbers and you may recognize it more if we think about the South American Amazonian tribes for me subconsciously and I'm sure for many other people we see these tribes we think oh they're these backwards primitive ways of life and Charles manis book points out many that the common views we've held we view them as some some people who view them as unchanged holdovers from humankind's ancient past is that they've never left the Stone Age the Paleolithic Paleolithic Age so he's of course speaking in mainstream terms but I think many of us have the subconscious view that yes that they never quite reached the advanced technology of the Europeans who came along man goes through a number of evidences showing that this view is also wrong from mainstream archaeology I want to show you things that have come after his book came out in 2005 recent ongoing research that overthrows things we've taken for granted for so many years so let me take this paper from 2018 so again man's book is written in 2005 and this just shows you again what what are you pointed out at the beginning namely you almost can't write a book about this because it's changing so fast the research is still ongoing we're still uncovering things about the Americas we never thought existed so this particular study is this paper was titled ecological consequences of post Colombian indigenous depopulation and the Amazonian corridor so if you strip away the the academic word salad what they're saying here is they looked at a cloud forest in Ecuador so cloud forests save the rainforest once a cloud forest always a cloud forest these are things we've grown up with the research that they did was to find a lake in this cloud forest in Ecuador and take sediment layers from this lake and within the sediment layers you can then look for various types of plant species and the types of pollen grains so to give a practical example here in Kentucky I've got a bunch of maple trees in my backyard they're shedding stuff all the time leaves seed so forth these things will eventually settle in lakes settle to the bottom and over time several centuries these layers will build up and so you can go back and basically read off the history the ecological history of this location from the layers in this lake so we've grown up with this idea save the rainforest the Native Americans had been these peaceful people small numbers in small bands with a very primitive way of life coexisting doing very little to disturb the ecological equilibrium so what is mainstream science am starting here because this isn't some wacko creationist in a corner of the internet coming up with stuff this is this is the mainstream community saying these things and overturning popular stereotypes of how we thought about this so there's another tool I use so that you can look through these layers and see the various plant species alive at the time based on their pollen grains other materials you can also do carbon dating now in future episodes we're going to talk about what carbon dating says about the ancient past there's severe disagreement of course among Croatians as evolutionists there were if you if you're familiar with the creationist literature you know that there's been a lot of research happening showing that the four ancient dates the carbon-14 actually strongly contradicts evolutionary time skills that's another story for another day we're going to talk about the usefulness for ancient dates for now that we're looking at more recent history the last few hundred thousand years they're creationists and evolutionists agree that it's a useful tool so living things are made of carbon you can use carbon-14 to date them so you can not only find out the the types of plants and various layers you can assign dates so that's what they did to these to these layers the year 2000 1918 hundred so on and it can move up and down to these sediments to see what happened so let's start with the top because this is this is a way to check whether or not their techniques are working at the top end of these sediment layers new finds and you can date these layers appropriate to their to their history you find evidence of of plants consistent with a a cloud forest with this this type of jungle ok no problem there well if you move down into the 1600s those layers you see all sorts of plant remains from grassland plant species well this is odd where it gets really interesting is where you go back to the pre-columbian layers and I should say free population decline this part of Ecuador was associated with the Incan Empire the Incan Empire also underwent massive population decline though in this part of Ecuador it didn't happen in 1492 it happened more in the late 1500s like 1588 so where it gets really interesting is if you look at the layers below 1588 what you don't see is plant remains from cloud forests or necessarily grasslands what you see is plant remains from maize from corn time of the Native Americans before Europeans arrived this was not a cloud forest this was farmland these people here had transformed their environment and what we see today is very different from the way things were back then so the author's themselves say we showed that 19th century descriptions of this area in Ecuador as a pristine wilderness recorded a shift in ecological baseline one that less than 250 years earlier had consisted of heavily managed and cultivated landscapes so within a few centuries it went from farmland to something that may be a poster child for save the rain forms so this idea of save the rainforest it's always been this way and Europeans have come in and crushed it not true so in the book so this is back from 2005 man quotes and he interviews a lot of leading mainstream archaeologists they say the Amazon landscape itself Brazil so I talked about Ecuador talk about Brazil at least 10% of it looks anthropogenic cultivated by humans and what and this is again ongoing we could talk about papers would be a time that have come out since then looking at and the evidence you look for is multifaceted sometimes you look for plant species that would be cultivated orchard so the Amazon soil is very poor one of the clever things that the natives did was to this effectively plant trees that grow very well and the rainforest and you then can eat their fruit and even today people are now going back and revisiting and saying well what did they do and what could we learn from them to understand what was actually going on and to to rashly and effectively use the rainforest the most effective weight let me give you one more paper again that's come out since man this is from 2018 here they're looking at the evidence for human occupation in terms of their earthworks their earth mounds so you can look for cultivated trees versus wild trees you can look for what they call black earth so again the soil is poor there's all sorts of evidence of the natives here going through and putting in fertilizers to make the soil more productive so yumen transformation of the amazon this is it this is a study saying let's look at their earthworks my own remnants of people being here and just to jump to the conclusion then they say we assume that a population between 500,000 and 1 million for the South Rim of the Amazon so they're only looking at a segment of the Amazon in late pre-columbian times right before Columbus arrives is a reasonable estimate and they say the fact that the predicted area of their earthworks in this part of the Amazon the fact that it comprises merely seven percent of the Amazon could have sustained a published in hundreds of thousands it discredits the old views so even in the last two years they're still overturning long-held views let's let's simplify that academic mumbo jumbo and put some numbers that are more accessible in in front of us so they're saying we're looking at 7% of the Amazon and we see at the low end evidence that this could have supported 500,000 people well what would a hundred percent of the Amazon be supporting that do the math that supports 7 million people for the whole region the Amazon 1491 take the upper end they say well we're looking at 7% based on the earthworks there's a million people who could have been living here the upper end means that the whole Amazon could have supported 14 million people 14 million people what does that mean well think about this in 1491 if there were 14 million people again not small primitive bands but people actively transforming their environment cultivating the rainforest so forth this would have been equivalent to in 1491 the population the combined populations of Norway Sweden Finland Denmark Latvia Lithuania Estonia Belarus Ukraine and the and the western part of of Russia the part that's consider Europe that whole shaded region of yellow that's how many people were alive that equivalent there were massive numbers of people here transforming it so these have been Latin American examples man extends it back to North America which is more familiar to me having grown up here in the States and he says the same rules apply there they're not primitive peoples living in impassive harmony with nature they were actively transforming it through fire and so forth he said rather than domesticate animals for meat the Indians retooled ecosystems to encourage elk deer and bear by the constant burning of the undergrowth and this would increase the number of herbivores and the Predators that fed on them and the people who ate them both so much so that rather being a thick unbroken monumental snarl of trees imagined by the famous writer Thoreau the Great Eastern forest the United States was an ecological collide scope and remember he's talking about the Indians not the colonial America the Indians had transformed it into garden plots of blackberry rambles pine barrens and spacious groves of chestnut hickory and oak they had done so much transformation that the first white settlers in Ohio found woodlands that resembled English parks they could ride carriages through the trees so these people are anything but unchanged holdovers from the Stone Age man had a very helpful analogy he said imagine you were dropped into Nazi Germany at the end of World War two and came across a concentration camp not knowing any of the history that preceded this you would see these people who'd been barefoot and starving and it's as if you you encounter these people and thought well they they must have always been barefoot and starving there always were these primitive people barely surviving eking out an existence in Germany then you learn the history of World War Two and you say oh wait a minute I've got this all wrong these are survivors of a recently shattered culture man points out and the research mainstream research is increasing pointed out the Native Americans are like that we the the old view is like being dropped into Nazi Germany not knowing the history now we can see in live this archeological thing we're in covering from the from the surfaces and digging below the surface and realizing these Native Americans these so-called primitive peoples they're survivors of a recently shattered culture there were massive numbers of people who people here are transforming their environments their numbers underwent this massive 8090 percent population collapse so that where there was once farmland there's now these cloud forests when Custer engages the Sioux and Cheyenne he's engaging a very small remnant of an advanced civilization that once lived here so their eventual forced removal to reservations and eventual loss wasn't so much necessarily at the hands of guns that loss and the victory of the Europeans over them the seeds of that narrative were sown several centuries prior and we're just beginning to uncover some of this history this is the revolution that's happening in our standing of pre-columbian history in our next episode episode 12 we're gonna look at an even bigger bombshell one that mainstream science never saw coming and that radically rewrites how we understand the history of the Americas before Columbus this is the new history of the runer human race and we're just beginning to uncover and we're gonna spend several episodes in uncovering what's been a long blank spot for me from some of the feedback I've gotten I think many of our viewers it's been a long blank spot as well and we're gonna we're gonna see some radical things that I've just covered now or this is just this is this beginning we're gonna recover a whole lot more radical things and forthcoming episodes we look to jeans and you've got me on the edge of my seat now and can't wait for episode 12 which will be the next one tomorrow night the resettling of the Americas before Columbus so what happened in the Americas before Columbus what is the history of Native Americans mainstream science has maintained the today's Native Americans are the descendants of the first people who migrated to America from Asia around 15,000 years ago but modern genetics up ends this view with radical implications for who was here first and who followed so this is going to be very interesting and I really wonder what's going to really wonder what's going to happen here maybe maybe this will what get into the newspapers and and radically alter how people view things but hey you're trying to challenge people's thinking and rewriting history and say don't just accept some of the things that have been forced on you and particularly from secularists who weren't there who don't know everything what a difference when you've done some real research here and of course the biblical foundation builds a worldview that makes sense of all of this and one of the most helpful feedbacks i've gotten was from a pastor who had been following this and some of the research I'm gonna discuss next episode has has just come out in our research journal and I posted that link on Facebook and he and a light bulb went on for him and he said this is groundbreaking new research this isn't just here's why evolution is wrong you're discovering new things about the world and it was like wow I didn't think the young earth model could actually do this so this is a real bombshell that's coming and to me a whole new chapter in the end and the wider global creation/evolution debate well we look forward to the next episode episode 12 and again people can go to the Answers in Genesis YouTube channel or subscribe to answers TV it's what just over $3 a month u.s. to subscribe and you get hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of Answers in Genesis videos including all these programs as well and all the future programs and future conferences that's really the best way to do it is to go to answers TV and subscribe to that and then you'll always be kept up to date so okay we look forward to our twelve coming up in the next episode
