Arch Linux Install: January 2021 ISO With BTRFS & Snapshots

hey guys welcome back again to the channel this is the first video i am recording in 2021 so i hope you all started well in the new year and for this video i'm going to install arch linux from scratch using the january 2021 iso and we are going to install it with the battery fs file system as well as snapper and i'm going to show you how you can set it up to take snapshot automatically also during system updates now in this video we're going to install of course the business tool and we're going to install also the desktop environment i'm going to install a general stop environment in this video to show you also how you can use the snapper gui so without further ado let's get going so here we go guys i booted up now the machine from the january 2021 iso and as i said in the intro in this video we are going to install arch looks from scratch with the battery fs file system and snapper and show you also how you can configure the system to have automatic snapshots when you do a system upgrade for example so i'm using for this video the archwiki as usual but i'm using in this case specifically the snapper wiki and especially for the sub volumes layout for the butterfs file system so that you have a you know written reference if you need to have more infos about it and i will leave of course a link to those in the video description below so i would say let's get started here and you can see i already booted up the machine so the only thing i need to do here because this is in a virtual machine and you probably have to skip this step you can skip this step i need to press the e key here and go to the end of the line and type in video equal 1920 pertinent 80 so that it picks up the resolution of the display and then i can start my virtual machine now what i'm going to do here once the system boots up i will also increase the font size so that you can also see better on your monitors since the iso comes with the terminus font already pre-installed it's gonna take a second so there you go first actually let me load also my keyboard layout and i'll show you after how to do that so i'll type in load keys de underscore ch dash latin one and let me increase the font size first so let's type in set font ter one n this is the size of the terminus font and you can see better so if you need to find out your keyboard layout you can use locale ctl and then list keymaps and then use the pipe and the grip function to narrow down the search in my case though the swiss keyboard has a ch connotation and you can see the list there so after you can select the ones you want and load it with the load keys command that i used before so once it's done we type in ipspace a to check our internet connection now i have already an ip because i'm connected via ethernet cable and if you are too then you should be good to go if not you need to use wi-fi for that i have a video to which i will leave a link on the upper right corner so that if you need to configure your wi-fi you can go there watch that video it's a very short video and then you can come back here and continue the tutorial so once we have an ip we can actually proceed to the next step which is synchronizing the network time protocol so we can type in time date ctl and then set dash ntp and then true and hit enter and this is going to take a second now i've seen this behavior recently in a couple of installations i have done then i don't know why it's doing this but once i press enter again it comes back to the prompt basically there may be some activities behind which are you know going to be done automatically so i'm not sure why this is happening but it doesn't affect the installation anyway so once we have done this we can use reflector to create our mirror list now i've seen some of you guys commenting on some of the videos that you come up with an error when trying this step i haven't seen that error yet so i'm not sure why that happens but if it does happen again to you in this when you're trying this tutorial you can just skip this step and then try again reflector once we have the system installed but i'm going to do it here nevertheless so i'll type in reflector c for country my country is switzerland if you have a country with two words you put them in uh single quotes dash a the age of the servers i need are six hours national swords then rate so speed we sort them by speed save to save the information under slash etc pacman dot d slash mirror list and hit enter so this is gonna take a couple of seconds to complete and i don't see any error happening and i think it's not going to happen there you go so once we have done that we can synchronize once the server so pacman dash sy and now we are good to go so lsb okay we have a disk here 50 gigabytes it's called vda yours might be called differently might be sda or sdb if you're using a second disk or nvme 0n1 if you're using an nvme drive in my case i have vda so what i need to do here i need to first partition the disk this is a ufi system and i need to create a efi partition that's mandatory i will create a swap partition as well and the third partition is going to be the main partition which is also mandatory so let's begin and i will use for this gdisk which is the tool used to create gpt labels which is mandatory for ufi systems and then slash dev slash vda the path of the disk and hit enter so first partition and for new partition number one default is fine the first sector default is fine the last sector defines the size of the partition so this is going to be the efi partition i want to make it 300 maybe bytes so i'll type in plus 300 maybe bytes as capital m and hit enter and the code for this is ef00 there you go now n for new for the second partition number two is fine first sector's fine last sector for the swap partition this machine has 8 gigabytes of ram so i'm going to create a 2 gigabyte swap that should be enough anyway and then hit enter and the code for the swap is 8 2 0 0 and now we can create our last partition so n for new and we can accept your basically all the defaults because it's going to use the rest of the disk file system is fine and now we can write the changes to the disk by typing in w and confirming by typing y there you go the operation has completed successfully so lsb okay again and you can see vda one two three next step it's formatting so let's begin with vda1 which is the esp the efi system partition so let's type in mkfs dot fat so we make a file system out of a fat file system type and i want to do it a 32 fight file system so dash capital f 32 and then slash dev slash vda1 and hit enter now this has to be because it's a efi partition so we need to use the default file system second let's make the swap so mk swap and let's use vda2 so slash dev slash vda2 uh maybe two not three there you go and hit enter now we can activate the swap so swap on slash dev slash vda2 and hit enter and now we can format the vdi 3 partition with mkfs make file system the file system is bad fs slash dev slash vda 3 and then hit enter and there you go we formatted our partitions now we need to mount our main partition vda3 because we need to create the sub volumes for the battery fetch file system in there so let's create first the mount point let's create the mount for the vda3 partition so let's type in mount slash dev slash vda 3 and the mount point is slash mnt the mnt is the installation directory where we are going to install the system and then hit enter so now we can create the sub volumes we need again i will use for this tutorial the snapper wiki which recommends a layout for the butterfest system so the first volume i'm going to create is the roots of volume that's the main one so to do this we can type in bada fs s-u-c-r for sub-volume create if you can if you want you can type in also the full words here under mnt say installation directory and the sub-volume mount point is going to be the add symbol which stands for roots of volume and then hit enter now we can pull up the last command here with the up arrow and create the home sub volume which is the second sub volume we want to create so i'm just going to type in home and hit enter again and the next volume by pulling up the last command here is the snapshot subvolume so i'm going to type in snap shots and hit enter and pull up the last command and last but not least we're going to create also the var underscore log sub volume and hit enter there you go so what we need to do now we need to unmount our mount directory because we need to then remount the sub volumes to their own respective directories which we need to create still so let's first unmount the mount directory by typing in umount slash mnt and hit enter and we need to first mount the root sub volume first so to do this we can type in mount dash o for options now there are several options here for the battery fs file system i'm gonna give you four or five of those and i encourage you to look also at the butterfest wiki to find out more about these options there are much many more technical info there that i can give you in a tutorial so the first option that i would like to put in here it's the no a time or no access time that's because butterfs it's a copy on write file system and by default if we don't put this option it's going to be mounted with the rel a time which is going to make the performance of the butterfest file system slower since it's going to read every single time the metadata to each file with the no access time we are going to improve this by not doing that so the battery fs file system performance is going to benefit from that and it's something that i definitely recommend you to do the second option is the compress option as you know um battery fs has several compression options now on the battery fs wiki there are three or four i think three of those mentioned uh for now and the one which is most used for general purpose is the lzo compression but there are several others which are very interesting as well so i recommend you to read through there and see which one fits maybe best to you or if you want to try them out as well in this tutorial i'm going to use lzo the next option i want to use is space underscore cache the space cache is an option which is going to help the bada fs file system know uh to know where are the free blocks on the on this on the on the disk on the partition uh so you can improve performance by using this option and for this option we're gonna use version two and that's because version two not only performs better but the performance does not increase in on large drives which is definitely recommended if you have an hard drive which is big you know 500 gigabytes or more definitely use v2 it's going to be much better then we can specify uh the sub volume we are using so we are going to use actually the roots of volume so let's type in subwool equal the add symbol which represents the roots of volume and then we need to tell the amount option okay where in which partition is this sub volume you know it's under slashed f slash vda3 that's the model fs partition and then we need to tell the mount command where do you want to mount this and the mount point is mnt that's our installation directory so now we can hit enter here now we need to mount also the rso volumes but before we do this we need to create the directories for that so to do this we can type in mkdr dash p because we need to create multiple directories and the directories we want to create are under slash m t which is already existing and we can create them all at once by using the curly brace the first directory i want to create is the boot directory because we're going to need this later to mount the efi partition in there and then we need to create the home directory for the home sub volume i'm going to create a dot snapshots directory for the snapshots volume and also the var underscore log directory for the var logs of volume and then close this with the curly brace and then hit enter there you go now we can mount the others of volume so what we can do we can pull up the last two commands here and basically replace the stop volume and its mount point now something very peculiar here to butterfest this is for now a butterfs file system imitation when you use these mount options as it says also in the wiki once you use options on one sub volumes they are going um once you use options on one sub volume like we did before they are going to be used those options are going to be used no matter what you type here on all artists or volumes so i cannot type in here other options for another volume at the moment so i'm going to leave them anyway as they are and what i need to do here because this is going to be the home sub volume i'm going to put in here home and specify the mount point which is slash home as we said before there you go now let's pull up the last command here and do the same for the snapshots of volume so we we replace home with snapshots and the mount point is not home but dot snapshots which we created before and hit enter and we do the same for the val log so let's pull up the last command here and replace snapshots with var underscore log and replace here the snapshot spawnpoint with var underscore log and hit enter there you go so that was a lot of typing let's clean up the terminal and type in lsbk and you can see we have the mount points there we forgot actually to mount the efi partition let's do this by typing in mount slash dev slash vda1 and we're going to mount it under slash m t slash boot that we created before there you go so lsb ok one more time and now we have also our mount directory with the boot partition and our main partitions so now we can proceed by installing the base packages for the system so we can use packstrap for that and we need to stop these packages under the slash m t directory our installation directory and the packages i want to install are base and also linux for the latex kernel i'm going to install also linux firmware which is going to provide some extra firmware for the machine i'm going to also vim my editor and also amd dash u code if you have an intel processor you can install intel dash code of course and that's it for that so we can just proceed with the installation and this is going to take a moment depending also on your internet connection for me it's break time and i'll be back with you guys in a moment so there you go the packages are now installed it took a little bit more than 23 seconds so we can clean up the terminal and now we need to generate the file system table where all the mount points are stored so to do this we can use gen fstab and then dash capital u for using the uuids of the partitions very important and we are basically taking the mount points we created before under slash mnt and append this information under slash m t slash etc fstab so we are porting this information to the fstop file and let's have a look in the fstop file so let's type in cat slash mnt etc fstab and hit enter and you can see here we have our partitions with the mount points and the options we specified before so everything looks good we can clean up the terminal and let's proceed by entering the installation directory so we'll need to type in arch dash to root and then slash mnt and hit enter there you go so we can proceed with some housekeeping here first let's work on our localization stuff and time zones so first the time zone let's type in ln sf so we are creating a symbolic link between slash user slash share slash zone info slash in my case europe i'm going to show you after how to find your time zone slash zurich and we're going to link this under etc slash local time and then we can just proceed and to find out actually your time zone i could have actually showed you this before we can use the time date ctl command and then list dash time zones then the pipe and the grab function to narrow down the search again in my case turk is the city closest to me so i'll type in surge and then it comes up with the results and the same thing you can do with yours and then use the previous command to put this into the system once it's done we can proceed by synchronizing the hardware clock and the system clock so hw clock dash dash assist2hc and proceed and now we can work on the local.gen file so we can type in vim slash etc locale dot gen and we are using here we are looking for our locale so i'm using i'm looking for english us which is somewhere here we're going to use the one which has utf-8 so we uncomment this line and then we can save the file and exit them now we can generate locales so locale dash gen it's gonna take a second there you go and now we need to put this information also into the locale.com file so vim slash etc slash locale dot conf we could have used also the echo command and the string is lang equal en underscore us dot utf-8 and we can save this file nxc3 and because i chose also a different keyboard layout at the beginning of the video i want to put this also into the vconsole.com file so vim slash etc slash vconsole.conf the string is keymap equal d e underscore ch dash latin one that was my keyboard layout and then i can save the file and exit v and now we can work on the hostname of the machine so fim slash etc slash hostname and i'm going to give the name to my machine i'm going to call it arch vader fs you can call it of course whatever you like and next we are going to work on the hosts file so vim etc slash hosts and i'm going to go here at the end of the line and create a new one with the ipv4 address 127.0.0.1 a tab and then localhost and the ipv6 column column one tap tab then localhost again and in the last line 127.0.1.1 the host name which is in my case arch butterfs dot local domain and then a tab and then again the hostname arch by rfs in my case and then i can save this file there you go so now we can give a password to the root user so let's type in pass wd and enter the new password and retype it there you go so now we need to install the packages you know the other packages we need for the system so let's type in pacman the package manager dash s and the first package is grub our bootloader i'm going to install also efi boot mgr for the networking tools i'm going to install network manager and also network dash manager applet i'm going to install also dialog and also wpa underscore supplicants and that's for you guys because i don't have a wi-fi but you might need this i'm going to also mtools and dos fs tools two packages for working with fat file systems i'm going to install git and reflector now git is going to be useful afterwards because we need to download and use the snap pack grab package for snapshots and we're going to install also snapper since we didn't install it before and i'm going to install also blues and blues shootings for the bluetooth adapters and cups for the printing system if you have an hp printer also hplip recommended and what else we can install also xdg-utils and also xdg-user-deers for the home directories and i'm going to install also alsa dash utils i'm going to also pulls audio and also pools audio dash bluetooth and what else we can install also inet utils this is a utility which contains several commands like the hostname cti command which might come in handy uh during the use of the system and we can install also base dash devil and linux headers and i think for now that's gonna do it so we can just hit enter here and accept the defaults and now we can proceed with the installation so again this is gonna take a moment to install so break for me guys i'll be back with you in a second so guys the packages are installed let's clean up the terminal and what we can do first before installing the bootloader we need to change something into the init cpio file so let's type in vim slash etc slash mk init cpio.conf because i'm using the butterfest file system here i'm going to put this into the modules and not into the hooks because i read in the wiki that it can cause corruptions on corruption on data so i'm going to put it here in the modules i'm going to type in here butterfs and save the file and exit beam and regenerate the image by typing in mk init cpio dash p and then linux because we installed the linux package before and it's gonna basically recreate the kernel image with the badafs module it in so it's going to take a second here to perform the command there you go so now we can proceed by installing the grub bootloader so let's type in grub dash install and then target the target for the efi machine for the ufi machine it's x86 underscore 64-efi and then efi directory the directory you remember is slash boot now it's not slash mount slash boot because we are now in the slash mount directory this is the installation directory we moved in here when we perform the arch truth command so when we define the boot directory here we just say boot not slash mount boot somebody asked me this once in the comments and then the last parameter is slash sorry dash dash boots loader dash id equal grub and then continue gonna take a second there you go and now we can generate the configuration file for grub so let's type in grub dash mk config dash o and then slash boot and then grab and then grab dot cfg so the output of the configuration file goes into this grub.cfg file it's going to take a second here there you go so now we can enable the systems some of the system we installed the packages for so let's begin with network manager system ctl enable network manager and let's do it also for bluetooth by replacing network manager here with bluetooth and also for the cups printing system so let's replace bluetooth with cups voila so let's create a user for the system so let's type in user ads dash m capital g and then wheel i'm going to explain this in a sec and the username in my case is going to be my name so here we created a user with a home directory that's the m switch and the capital g it's giving the user hermano the supplementary group which is called wheel which has to do with the pseudo privileges that we will look in a second first let's give a password to the user so pass wd and then the username and enter the new password and retype it and now we can type in editor equal vim and then vice sudo so here we can define the will group so let's scroll down here we can with ctrl f in vim i think i missed it it was up here we need to basically uncommon the first wheel group here the one which has the line all equal all all so every member of the wheel group will have sudo privileges and then we can save the file and exit them voila now before i reboot the machine let me install the last package which i forgot before which is pac-man s it's bash dash completion if you don't have this uh also install it because it's gonna help you out later also with other commands let's install this and now this is done so what we can do now we can exit the installation and go back to the iso because we're going to configure snapper afterwards when we reboot the machine let's unmount our partitions here with uman a and let's reboot so reboot and it's going to take a second here if everything went well we should be greeted by the grab bootloader in a second and there you go here is grub i forgot actually to add an option to grab so i'll do it here in the line and then i'll put it later into the configuration file again you can skip this step it's just for me to have the full resolution on the console and then ctrl x to boot so there you go the system is now booting up so i enter with my username here and the password and let me check my ip ip space a and the ip is there if you have wi-fi i'll show you afterwards what to do but let me install actually the terminus font so that you can see better so terminus font and enter my password here and proceed with the install there you go and now i can type in set font uh ter one three two n there you go easier for you guys to see so again if you type in ipsp say with an internet cable you should have an ip if you don't and you have wi-fi you can type in nmt ui and you go to activate a connection and there you will see a list of networks you can connect to yours and you'll have an ip as well and once we have that then we can continue installing our system so we did already a lot here but we are not yet done so what we need to do first following the archwiki again for the snapper wiki we need to reconfigure we need to reconfigure the snapshots directory because we didn't create actually the configuration for the for snapper and once we do that it's going to create automatically a snapshot directory the problem is it's already existing so it's not going to basically create one it's going to give me an error so there is a procedure here on the archwiki which i'm gonna follow and it's gonna explain us uh how to do this correctly so what i'm gonna do here as it says here in the wiki i'm just reading here so that i can see also better myself it is assumed that the sub volume root for the atmark is mounted at root which is there it is also assumed that the snapshots directory is not mounted and does not exist as folder this can be ensured by following the command so we basically need to delete and first unmount the snapshots directory and then delete it then we can create the new configuration for snapper which is going to actually create itself as an options directory and then we can remount the directory into the snapshots so volume so let's do this let's follow it step by step first let's type in sudo umount slash dot snapshots so let's unmount first our snapshots directory next we need to remove this directory so let's type in sudo rm r so it's going to be recursive slash dot snapshots and now we need to create the configuration for snapper so this we can do it with this with the following command i'm going to do it here for the root sub volume only so to do this i can type in sudo then snapper dash c so for configuration the configuration name is going to be called in my case root you can specify the name you want here and what we're going to do here we want to create the configuration so create dash config and then we need to specify in which mount point is going to be created so this is going to be the root sub volume so it's the slash directory basically and then we can just proceed and this is now done now once we create this configuration actually the configuration command that we just typed in it's going to create actually an extra snapshots sub volume under the roots of volume which we don't need because we already have actually a snapshot of volume this command is going to create usually a dot snapshots of volume which we can delete so to do this we can type in sudo but rfs sub volume delete or su del if you want to type in less and we want to delete the slash dot snapshot sub volume and then proceed there you go now that we have done that we can recreate our dot snapshots directory by typing in mkdir slash dot snapshots and then we can hit enter here and you can see i forgot the sudo command so let me pull up here and type in in here sudo there you go and now we can remount the snapshots snapshot subvolume into this directory that we just created so because i have already the mount point in the fstab file if you followed along you should have it too we can just type in here sudo mount dash a and if everything goes well we don't see any error that means now it's mounted so this is all there is to it and what we can do still we can also change the permissions for the snapshot folder so to do this we can type in sudo mode and the permissions are 750 this will make all the snapshots the snapper creates to be stored outside of the roots of volume so that the roots of volume can easily be replaced anytime without losing the snapper snapshots so let's continue here and i forgot here to define the directory which is snapshots there you go now only the root user can have access to this folder right now but i can change this by following also another procedure so first of all we need to go into the configuration file for snapper so to do this we can type in sudo vim etc snapper slash configs slash root which we created before and i'm gonna do two things here first i'm gonna change this allow users because i wanna be able actually with my user to basically manage these things these snapshots so i'm going to put in here my user and i'm going to go down because i want to show you also here something else now this is very important because it's going to define how many snapshots you want to keep into the system now the thing which is very important here is the limit for the timeline cleanup now because we are going to create your system which is going to perform snapshots every time there is an upgrade to the system it's going to end up with a lot of snapshots and if you have a lot of snapshots then it's going to take also of course a lot of space in the system so we want to change this and to do this we can also pick up the timeline recommended in the arch wiki and the artwiki recommends this timeline cleanup which we need to enable anyway later so we can enter insert mode here so for the yearly i'm gonna go to zero same for monthly and for weekly i'm gonna go also for zero for daily i'm gonna go with seven this is the recommendation for the wiki and for hourly i'm gonna go with five so that's gonna do it for me and then we can save this file and exit vim there you go and now we can enable the timeline and the timeline cleanup by of snapper by typing in sudo system ctl enable dash now and then snapper dash timeline dot timer and we're going to do the same for the cleanup so we replace here timeline with cleanup and continue there you go so the cleanup and the timeline are now available and they will perform what we define in the configuration file so let's clean up the terminal okay so we did a lot of work here and before i continue configuring snapper and other packages let me also install some packages from the aui because i need actually just one that's a snap pack grub package which includes grab batter fs and also snap pack so to do this actually i'm gonna first install yay not that i want to use it but i'm gonna show you also how to install it so that you can use it later if you finish to install the system um so to do this we can type in git clone https colon slash and then aur dot arch linux dot org slash ea and continue here now let's move into the a directory so let's type in cd and then yay and type in make pkg dash si and then package build and then continue by hitting enter it's going to take a second here to pull down the package there you go we need to first install the dependency which is go which is not going to take too long here there you go so now it's going to basically download and extract the package and compile it so it's going to take a moment here i'll be back with you guys in a second so now we can proceed installing yay so we just hit enter and now we are done so we can go back to the home directory here and now we can use yes to install for example snap pack i'm going to use a to install two packages so i'm typing a s the first one is snap dash pack dash grub and the other one is snapper dash gui which is going to be useful afterwards when we install the desktop environment so hit enter there and difference is to show none we need to import this key so i'm just going to accept the defaults there and again it's going to take here a moment because we need to install some dependencies as you can see here and then it's going to download both packages and install them so it's gonna take some time and i'll be back with you guys when it's done so there you go guys the packages are now installed and as you can see uh it's already created a couple of snapshots because it installed first the snapper no sorry the snapback grab package and it took a snapshot from that and then after it installed snapper gui it it created another snapshot for that as well so uh the thing is already working now these snapshots are going to appear in the graph bootloader and i'm going to show you this afterwards when we reboot anyway the machine so i think we are done for now here what we can do we can actually install a desktop environment so let's type in sudo pacman dash s i'm gonna install well the graphic card i don't need it because i'm on a virtual machine but if you have an intel card you can install xf86 video dash intel for amd you can install xf86 video dash amd gpu and for vdi and for nvidia you can install nvidia and nvidia utils if you have a recent card from nvidia if you have older cards uh i definitely recommend you to explore the archwiki for maybe drivers from the aur if you have an old card i have also other videos on the channel about using nvidia optimus or prime prime run if you want to know how to use that so i'm going to skip the drive the graphic drivers here so i'm going to install the display server which is xorg and for the desktop environment i'm just going to install gnome here very quickly i'm not going to install extra packages i'm going to install gdm which is the display manager i'm going to install firefox as a browser and also gnome tweaks and i think for the purpose of this tutorial that's gonna do it so i'm just gonna proceed here and accept this defaults and then proceed with the installation so again this is gonna take maybe one minute so i'll be back with you guys when it's done so there you go guys uh we installed the packages and there are still a couple of things we need to perform so first we need to enable the display manager so that when we reboot the machine it's gonna be starting in graphical mode so to do this sudo system ctl enable gdm very simply and uh the last thing we want to do actually before well the last two things we want to do before we reboot the machine so the first is the boot directory which is not a bad rfs file system so we have an article here a part of the article on the wiki which is explaining us to create a hook so that we can back up the boot partition as well when there is a kernel update so to do this we need to create a file and for that i want to create a new directory so i'm going to type in first sudo mkder slash etc slash pacman.d and then slash hooks and then i can create the file by typing in sudo vim slash etc slash pacman.d slash hooks and the file is going to be called 50-boot backup dot hook and this is again in the wiki so if you need more influence about it you can look them also up there so the hook is going to be working well also with snap pack which we just installed so the first thing we need to define here is the trigger so when is this going to be triggered basically so trigger close the square bracket the first parameter is operation i'm not going to go too in depth about system d here but it's going to be equal to upgrade we're going to perform this on upgrade we're going to perform this on install and we're going to perform also this on remove then we have a type path type option which is equal to path and the target it's going to be equal to boot and everything in it and this trigger is going to trigger an action so the action is going to be depending depends equal to rsync which is not installed yet we need to install it first and then description equal backing up slash boot and the next line is going to be when we are going to execute this it's going to be pre transaction and what are we going to execute so execute equal to slash user slash bin slash rsync so rsync is not installed yet we are going to install it dash a so we are using the most common options and then dash dash delete slash boot and we are going to create the backup for it which is called dot boot backup and i think this is going to do it so we can just save the file and exit them here and clean up the terminal and we need to install our sync so let's type in sudo pacman dash s rsync and let me type this correctly and proceed so let's proceed with the installation and you can see it found also the boot partition there so it has been now backed up so the hook is working correctly i think what we need to do i still need to actually change one thing in grub suit of you can skip this step guys it's just that i need to put in here again the video resolution so video equal 1920 pert 1080 save the file and exit and recreate the configuration file so sudo grab mk config dash o slash boot slash corrupt slash grab dot cfg and it should be recreated there you go so now we can actually restart the machine so let's go ahead and do that so let's type in reboot and i'm going to show you first the snapshots that were created now these snapshots are read only and in the snapper wiki as you can see here now we have sorry i interrupt shortly we have the arch linux snapshots so when we go here we see all the snapshots that we basically have in the system every time we did an upgrade or we installed something so these snapshots are read only and there are there is a way it's a quite simple way to turn them into read and write so that if you need you can you know extract some file from there some files from there i'm not going to do it in this tutorial but you will find the procedure in the snapper wiki it's just one command really so it's not that complicated anyway let's go back here to the main installation and boot up the system if everything went well we should be greeted by the gdm display manager there you go so i'll enter my password here and i'll probably need to adjust the screen resolution and let me go here to 1080p which is right here and 60 hertz and apply and there you go we are now full screen so let me pull up the tweaks tool here very quickly because i want to go a little bit easier on my eyes i'm going to put these two on top here i just like these options i do them all the time and i'm going to change also my keyboard layouts for the graphical interface if i find the region there you go i just need to put in here the swiss keyboards which is right here and delete the english one because i don't have it and now let's open up the terminal shortly and this is my terminal so i'm gonna configure this also very quickly gonna just a few options here for the color and remove the space the scroll bar and i go full screen shortly here increase the font size and type in here you name dash r and you can see we have our kernel there so good let's close this and open up snapper gui which should be available there you go and you can see we have our snapshots there and because we gave actually access to these snapshots to other to my user and i can click one and open and you can see it's not working and that's because i forgot actually one step uh before so let's correct this very quickly let's go into the terminal and again i'm gonna go full screen here and increase the font size so that you can see better so what i forgot to do is to change the permissions of the file of the snapshots file and also the owner of the file so let's do this both so let's do both let's type in sudo mode i'm going to change these permissions to read and write and that's gonna be under slash dot snapshots there you go and i'm gonna type in my password and i'm gonna change also the user permission so i'm gonna type in sudo chon so the user is going to be always root but for the group i want to use my username because i want to be able to access these and then slash dot snapshots there you go so i think the problem is now corrected so let's close this and restart snapper gui and let's select one of the snapshot and click open and you can see we can open up the snapshots easily now now again these are not read and write or just read but as i said you will find in the wiki how you can change that with one command so this is gonna do it actually the last thing i would like to tell you um it's the file system check hook in the mx mkinicpio.com file now uh there is an option and i probably should do it as well because uh it's probably safer if i type in here sudo vim slash etc slash mkinit.cpio.com and type in my password and go down to the hooks section you can see we have here the file system check hook now because we're using a battery fs file system this hook could actually turn into some data corruptions so you can remove it if you want to now if you want to have a file system check on your boot partition then you will have to leave it there because we have an esp which is uh the efi partition is actually not bad fs it's uh fat file system so if you want to check the boot partition you can leave this on if you don't then you can definitely remove the file system check hook here and re-generate the image with mk init cpio-p linux okay i'm just gonna show you this i'm not gonna do it here in this uh in this video so i think this is it for the base install of arch linux with the january 2021 iso with the battery fs file system and snap snapper and snapshotting capabilities i know this is a long video guys there's a lot of informations in here i tried my best to make them as short as possible and as clear as possible if you do have any questions let me know in the comments below and i will be trying to answer you as soon as i can and if you want to support the channel as always you can visit our patreon website you can donate your paypal it's always appreciated and if you didn't subscribe to the channel please subscribe and like the video if you did and i'll see you in the next video which is gonna come up very soon guys have a nice one you

Channel: EF - Linux Made Simple

Views: 31,604

Rating: 4.9821825 out of 5

Keywords: Linux, Arch Linux, Software, Training, how to install, install arch linux, install linux, tech tips, it tips, linux tips, UEFI, linux help, linux uefi, encryption, january 2021, btrfs, snapper, snapshots

Id: Xynotc9BKe8

Length: 47min 52sec (2872 seconds)

Published: Mon Jan 11 2021