One day, the legendary Chinese recluse Xu
You watched a mole drinking water from a pond. He then realized that the mole, when thirsty,
only drinks a bellyful: no more, no less, but exactly the quantity it needs. The mole doesn’t encumber itself with excesses,
because that would only impede its movement. Unlike humans, who often tend to consume much
more than they need. We may not drink water in excess, but we often
overburden ourselves with all kinds of material possessions, buying much more than we need
to stay alive and thriving. Consumerism comes with a price as well, as
it requires resources to keep up with the other consumers. Therefore, many people are willing to work
themselves into an early grave, and simply accumulate, what we could call, ‘extensions
of themselves’; extensions of their egos. “I have more, so I am more,” they tend
to think, so by increasing their possessions they increase their sense of self. But there’s a counter-movement to the consumerist
society we’re living in, known as minimalism. Minimalists are people who turn their backs
to overconsumption and decide to live with no more than necessary. Aside from it being a lifestyle trend today,
minimalism is a concept that people have been practicing for centuries. There’s a sense of freedom in simplicity,
and not owning much, which many sages and philosophers have experienced throughout the
ages. They saw that possessions don’t define who
we are, and that the ongoing pursuit of external things prevents us from experiencing life
to the fullest. This video examines the philosophical side of minimalism
and explores why more is less and less is more, and why the ability to let go is wealth. Minimalism can be interpreted in different
ways. In essence, it points to living with the bare
essentials, reducing the clutter in our lives, and refraining from overextending ourselves. In other words: to keep it simple. But there are certain modes of minimalism
that slightly miss the mark. First of all, there’s extreme asceticism,
which is geared towards going below the minimum. For example, when prince Siddharta Gautama
lived as an ascetic he only ate one grain of rice a day, and hardly had any flesh left
on his bones. In a way, consuming below one’s needs is
a very ‘minimalistic’ thing to do, as it hardly requires consumption. Also, such a way of life goes together with
the renunciation of possessions, which leads to a simple life. But in the case of the extreme ascetic, less
isn’t more, but truly less, as it’s a road to self-destruction. Siddharta Gautama concluded that the punishment
of the body won’t lead to enlightenment. So he quit the ascetic lifestyle before he
became the Buddha. Second of all, there’s a fashionable, wealthy
form of minimalism, which focuses more on getting rid of unnecessary, and often, ‘cheap’
objects, while maintaining a selection of very expensive things. For example, a minimalistic living room in
a two-million-dollar apartment. In this case, minimalism is still used as
a means to display wealth, as the absence of cheap, obsolete objects accentuates the
expensive things we do have. Thus, we can see this as a sophisticated form
of consumerism, as it still revolves around status and possessions, and thus, one still
needs a lot of money to obtain and sustain this lifestyle. Such a stance goes at the expense of the true
power behind minimalist living, which is that our baseline happiness (or contentment) is
achieved with a minimal amount of resources, and is detached from the burden of status
and extreme wealth. But this idea is difficult to accept when
the basic ideology of the consumerist culture we live in is that less is less, and more
is more. This has everything to do with how we collectively
value social status. And that social status isn’t measured by
one’s virtue or spirituality, but by the car one drives, the house one lives in, the
furniture one possesses, and the clothes one wears. What we have seems to determine our place
in the dominance hierarchy. So, in a society in which holiness is wealth,
the church is the shopping mall, and prayer is consumption, those who dare to reject these
‘sacred elements’ will be regarded as blasphemers. Nevertheless, the joy of simple living can
far outweigh the negatives. Emperor Yao regarded the recluse Xu You with
the utmost respect; so much that he was willing to give up his throne to him. However, Xu You (who lived a solitary and
quiet life by the riverside) refused, telling the emperor that he did not need “all under
heaven”, and said to him: “When the tailorbird builds her nest in the deep wood, she uses
no more than one branch.” The story about Xu You can be found in an
ancient Chinese text attributed to the Taoist philosopher Zhuangzi. The recluse who lives in poverty gets handed
something that many people can only dream of, which is a whole empire under his command. But the story tells us that he chose to live
as a hermit in a solitary place. Xu You probably realized that power comes
with great responsibility and that ruling an empire will not allow him to live a simple,
quiet life. The less you own, the less you can lose, and
the less you have to worry about. Lao Tzu wrote the following passage in the
Tao Te Ching, and I quote: If you overvalue possessions, people will
begin to steal. Do not display your treasures or people will
become envious. End quote. Having a lot of possessions requires adequate
protection. That’s why we see that outwardly rich people
often live in fear, hidden behind walls in gated communities. By not owning much, on the other hand, we
save a lot of time and energy. We don’t have to look after our expensive
things and they don’t distract us either. And we’re still able to find joy in the
world, as we don’t have to own what we enjoy. Why do we need a 1000 square feet garden,
if we can go for a walk in the woods? Why do we need a 6-bedroom mansion if we can
live in a small cheap house, and enjoy the world outside for free? This is what American transcendentalist philosopher
Henry David Thoreau must have thought as well when he decided to live in a cabin in the
woods near the Walden pond. Thoreau deliberately chose a simple life because
he believed that this could lead to spiritual growth. In essence, a minimalist life facilitates
equanimity. When the living expenses are low, we don’t
have to work like dogs and can spend more time enjoying the world around us, with a
sense of contentment. Isn’t that what freedom is all about? So, what do we truly need? Where lies the golden middle path between
asceticism and consumerism that a minimalist is looking for? In the course of history, there have been
several philosophers who shaped their minimalist lifestyle in their unique ways. Take, for example, Diogenes the Cynic who
lived in a barrel without possessions. The story goes that for a while he owned a
drinking cup, which he threw away when he saw a child drinking from his hands, and remarked:
“A child has beaten me in plainness of living.” Aside from that, Diogenes didn’t have shame,
and couldn’t care what people thought about him. His state of detachment from worldly goods
as well as other people’s opinions made him invincible; no one could hurt him. But, for those who don’t fancy living in
a barrel on the streets, and rather live a more integrated life that doesn’t make you
into an outcast, there’s a more practical recipe for minimalist living, which was invented
by a philosopher named Epicurus. Epicurus created a hierarchy of needs, that
shows us which desires we should pursue and which we shouldn’t. Natural and necessary desires like food, shelter,
and human connection, are the ones we should focus on. Moreover, these natural desires are generally
easy to obtain and also have natural limits, which means that they’re satiable. The desires that we should avoid, he called
‘vain and empty’ desires, which include power, wealth, and fame. These desires he considered unnecessary, unnatural,
and impossible to satisfy as they don’t have a natural limit. Now, Epicurus also urges us to cherish what
we do have and stop focusing on what we lack. Or as he stated: “do not spoil what you
have by desiring what you have not; remember that what you now have was once among the
things you only hoped for.” There’s great joy in having little. As opposed to the lives of those seeking to
consume to infinity, painfully exchanging their very lives for boosting their self-esteem,
so they feel accepted in a world where the amount of stuff we have is how we define how
worthy we are. For a minimalist, this is the very definition
of a miserable life. In minimalism, one lets go of the conventional
ideas of wealth and status, knowing that true wealth lies within and social status is not
only an unnecessary luxury; it’s also difficult to obtain, easy to lose, and, for a great
part, out of our control. Instead, minimalists choose to live simply,
as they know that the ability to let go of all these worldly goods is where the true
wealth lies; the joy of a simple, easy life. For them, simplicity is the ultimate form
of sophistication. As Thoreau stated: “I am convinced, both by faith and experience,
that to maintain one’s self on this earth is not a hardship but a pastime if we live
simply and wisely.” Thank you for watching.
I’m a minimalist but not by choice 😂
Cool Kenny and his mates should let go of their shorts.
This has been popping up on YouTube recently. I’ve been meaning to watch this, so thanks for posting it.
Look I like it, but I think I’d rather be super fucking rich and have what I want. I can live minimalist life on 1000 acres and never work it’ll be great.