When Royal Inbreeding Went Horribly Wrong (And Other Royal Family Stories)

when we talk about inbreeding we are referring to reproducing with someone who is closely related in terms of genetics we see this happen a lot when dogs are bred and many people are critical of it you see when it pooches mum and dad are not genetically related that puppy gets diverse genes this is a good thing as if both were the same are similar and carried a faulty gene the puppy would also get that fault with a mix it has more choice and can override the bad gene as one dog breeding website puts it some inbred dogs are born sick and die sick with that in mind how does inbreeding bode for humans that's what we'll find out today in this episode of the infographics show when royal in breeding went wrong so we know if you have offspring with someone genetically close to you like a sister or a cousin it might mean that the child inherits two recessive genes sibling to sibling we are told is far riskier than reproducing with a cousin or aunt or perhaps for some strange folks grandmother one scientist says this is really not a good idea it might be harmful to that child but that is not always the case we'll give you a rundown of things that might happen the child may have genetic disorders it might be short it may lack immune system protection have an asymmetrical face have a badly functioning heart or might die soon after birth let's now have a look at some people that took the risk and what happened to their kids we chose Royals because it was sometimes the nobility that believed in breeding was good because they mistakenly thought mixing with their own kind would produce a kind of super offspring of pure blood another thing is that people who are royal blood don't exactly have a massive pool of people that can choose to procreate with usually they must stick with their own kind King Tutankhamen this is the Egyptian pharaoh that ruled from 1332 to 1323 BC King Tut was one of a kind because his mother was not just his father's wife she was also his father's sister we know this because of tests on mitochondrial DNA how did that work out for mr. Tut well scientists tell us he went through hell that his life was a perpetual suffering it said that he spent most of his life because he suffered from something called koehlers disease this is a rare disease that starts in childhood and it basically means the bones and the feet die and the foot just collapses it's also extremely painful he had some aesthetic setbacks too in a large overbite and feminine thighs add to that a cleft palate and a bent spine we're also told that he didn't move his head well because of the seven vertebrae in his neck that were fused together we know that this man had 130 walking sticks and that he used to shoot arrows while he was sitting said secretary-general Zahi Hawass of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities okay so now you can see why you probably shouldn't in breathe King George the third the English King is sometimes called Mad King George and it's thought his madness might have been the result of inbreeding it wasn't even thought he would survive as little George came out two months prematurely the House of Hanover was notorious for cousin to cousin marriage sometimes first cousin sometimes second or third it was happening all over Europe with one essayist in 1802 writing that every hereditary monarch in Europe was insane it said that the Mad King who lost America suffered from a genetic blood disorder called poly fyra this made him ache a lot but also turned his urine blue it's also said that sometimes he just couldn't stop talking and other times he would have convulsions when he got older he was almost blind with cataracts and had terrible rheumatism and 1801 George was taken to the hospital in a straightjacket and he was not seen again in public he died crazy and didn't know who he was charles ii of spain now we turn to Habsburg inbreeding a house with a very shallow gene pool we should mention again that inbreeding between European nobility was very common but not all offspring ended up badly made this wasn't the case for charles ii whose father and mother were uncle and niece this had a nasty effect on his appearance and he was nicknamed the bewitched one historian writes that not so bonny King Charlie was short lame epileptic senile and completely bald before 35 always on the verge of death but repeatedly baffling Christendom by continuing to live it took him until four years old to talk and he didn't walk until he was eight he could barely speak because he had something called the habsburg lip this meant the lower jaw stretched out way farther than the upper part making him look quite horrendous he also had a very large tongue which didn't help matters at all when it came to speaking it's blamed on royal intermarriage and historians tell us that the Habsburgs were the inbreeding champions of Europe he died at just age 39 after being 6 since birth one writer said we are dealing with a man who died of poison 200 years before he was born he was referring to two centuries of inbreeding the physician that did the autopsy wrote that Charles did not contain a single drop of blood his heart was the size of a peppercorn his lungs corroded his intestines rotten and gangrenous he had a single testicle black as coal and his head was full of water did in brood and kill the Habsburgs off that's what a lot of people say papers have been written about this one such paper says this data suggests that inbreeding depression for infant and child survival could be occurring in the Spanish Habsburg families as a consequence of prolonged constant genius marriages King Chulalongkorn big family the great king of Thailand born in 1853 was responsible for modernizing the country and so is very much revered he abolished slavery reformed government built modern hospitals and introduced a modern system of law he also had four wives all half sisters this was a busy man as he also had thirty-two consorts and it's thought 116 concubines the numbers differ from source to source but who's counting in total he had 33 sons and 44 daughters many of those kids lived long lives but many others were sickly and lived very short lives princess Nicky a Naina's short-lived child it said in Hawaii incest with a privilege and this princess married her brother Prince Cowley kou Li the Christian missionaries took a dim view of this they had a child and it died shortly after being brought into the world the princess never recovered and she died not long after that Tsarevich Alexei Nikolayevich little Alex I was heir to the throne of the Russian Empire but his life was not a long one the youngest of five children he was born with hemophilia when blood doesn't clot now it's thought that the reason for this disease was because the young boy was a descendant of Queen Victoria in fact lots of people related to the 19th century British Queen bled out it was even called the royal disease it's spread of course because all these Royals were inbreeding and as we said at the start that doesn't go down well as recessive genes with recessive genes means faulty kids Queen Victoria's son Prince Leopold died at 31 of a brain hemorrhage her grandson Prince Frederick of Hesse and by Rhine met a similar fate her great grandson Prince Waldemar of Prussia bled to death as did Lord Leopold Mountbatten grandson of the great Queen great grandson prince heinrich of prussia went the same way as did two of her descendants Infante Alfonso and Infante Gonzalo of Spain why why did these people not venture a bit farther when looking for a suitable mate Queen Maria the first another mad royal Maria the first of Portugal was said to go into fits of hysteria quite often during her rule from 1777 to 1816 two of her kids died of smallpox which didn't help her condition she would stay alone howling and crying and it said that many people in this family suffered from mental diseases the blame is said to be all the inbreeding that went on both her grandfather's suffered from mental problems - Maria ended up marrying her uncle and one of her sons married his aunt enough said Elisabeth of Austria this is another member of the family loving Hapsburgs Elisabeth aka Sisi married at just 16 years old the groom was her cousin but as you know for a Habsburg this was the norm the Habsburg family tree looks more like a family branch she came from the very in bread house of Wittelsbach she suffered from depression most of her life and became obsessive about her looks to the point of starving herself she was eventually murdered things got better over time especially in Europe and nobility started to practice out breeding however the practice is still common in some parts of the world notably Africa and the Middle East the New York Times wrote a piece in 2003 stating that in Saudi Arabia people were just starting to see how bad this practice could be many kids born to cousins who had married cousins were born with all kinds of disease from spinal muscular atrophy to other serious genetic disorders across the Arab world today an average of forty five percent of married couples are related said a doctor The Times interviewed from the King Faisal specialist hospital in Riyadh public health officials in the country warned of disorders that might occur due to inbreeding including anemia hemoglobin deficiency deafness and even mutinous it seems things haven't changed much either as in 2017 reports stated that inbreeding was still costing Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Health millions of realm' it didn't just happen in the Middle East there's a famous story about inbreeding and Kentucky USA about the fugate family in the 19th century a rare disease happen in this family called methemoglobinemia which turned people's skin blue one writer states as a result of a coincidental meeting of recessive genes intermarriage and inbreeding members of the fugate family were born with a rare condition that made them visibly discolored we guess these blue people couldn't exactly hide the fact that they were the result of inbreeding [Music] the killing of a monarch is called regicide it's not something that happens in modern times but in the past quite a few Royals were murdered or executed take Charles the first of England for instance who said an unjust sentence that I suffered to take effect is punished now by an unjust sentence on me right before he put his head on the block then you get Henry the sixth who was murdered while he was staying at England's worst lodgings the Tower of London or what about Alexander of Greece who for all intents and purposes was murdered by a monkey but it's not often you hear about common folks getting close enough to fell a monarch today we'll find out why in this episode of the infographic show how much protection does the royal family get it goes without saying that monarchs are heavily guarded and don't take the risk of rubbing shoulders with the hoi polloi you don't hear about Queen Elizabeth popping down to the shops for a loaf of bread and a packet of Marlboro Lights it's not likely that these days the British public would get rankled enough to demand the Queen's head but there are likely a few anti royal people out there so she has a security detail in fact in 2017 the Queen's former security expressed concern that her present security system had changed Scotland Yard had begun implementing a rotation system and that meant the Queen would be seeing many different men around her one of the guys responsible for looking into the late Princess Diana said understanding the behaviors of the person you are charged with protecting is crucial understanding the imaginations of the royal household is very important too but how much protection did these Royals usually get well you might see the Queen surrounded by soldiers that are what's called the Queen's guard while every tourist likes to get a picture with these guys it can sometimes be seen wearing what looks like a bear's backside on their head a Buzzbee they are not just there for show they actually do protect the Queen these guys stand at their post and make sure no one can get to the Queen or any other Royals that wasn't the case in 1982 when a guy got to the Queen's bedroom but it was there that he was intercepted by the police the cops over in London have a branch they call the royalty and specialist protection service these guys look like regular security with dark sunglasses and a black suit and tie a website called elite UK forces tells us that men in this service stay around when the Queen is at home and they follow her and any other member of the British royal family when they travel abroad it said that they are highly trained they're experts in one-on-one combat and if they don't fight with their fists they may end up using their nine-millimeter Glock 17 pistol before the Royals go anywhere these guys will have secured the area and done their reconnaissance as we said there are not too many people out there who want the blood of Royals but in modern times there have been some close scrapes in 1981 a kid in New Zealand tried to take out the Queen with a gun when she was visiting he missed with his shot and he was kept secret at the time the Guardian wrote the Queen had just stepped out of a Rolls Royce to greet 3,500 well-wishers when a distinctive crack rang out across the grassy reserve cops got a hold of him and during an interrogation he told them he had been ordered to do the hit by a mysterious character called the Snowman yes he was crazy and sent to a psychiatric facility he later decided he also wanted to kill her son Prince Charles and then while in prison he took his own life he was awaiting trial for murder and kidnapping when asked about his famous assassination attempt he said damn I missed had he been a better shot Britain may have lost its queen and many questions would have been asked about her security detail it seems the British Royals had a fair few enemies in that part of the world in Australia in 1994 a young man by the name of David Kang attempted to assassinate Prince Charles well not quite the guy rushed toward the stage where Charles was standing and fired not a real gun but a starter pistol twice he was then pushed to the ground by the New South Wales premier John Fay and Australian of the Year in Kiernan Charles was shielded by his security the man got just 500 hours of community service he now works as a barrister so he didn't do too badly we guess security is a bit tighter these days when the Royals go abroad these days they are protected by the special escort group the armed men will surround a motorcade that is carrying one or more of the Royals they will also be somewhere in the crowd we're told the goal of the s e-g outriders is to enable the VIP convoy to keep moving thereby avoiding presenting a stationary target to would-be tackers while causing minimal disruption to the public there's also a guy who gets to have the cool-sounding job of Easy Rider this is the person that rides a motorcycle in front of the convoy it said that the motorcycle security guys usually ride Honda VFR 12 hundreds they carry handguns but also sometimes mp5 sf2 carbine guns one of these men crashed in 2014 when Prince Harry was being taken in a Range Rover the Invictus games the Daily Mail wrote the driver acting in line with his anti-terrorism training expertly steered through the damaged vehicles at speed before coming to a stop several hundred feet along the road but it wasn't an attack just an unfortunate crash Simon Morgan who worked as security for the Royals for many years told the British press that the protection was mostly about knowing what's going on around you you must have the eye of an eagle a super awareness that's what the protection officer is thinking when the principal gets out meet and greets a host waves to fans or the press you have thought of everything that might happen during that simple walk of two or three yards Morgan said he also said that it's mentally draining especially when the Royals walking around close to where hundreds of people are waving you're looking at hands you're looking at high contact you're looking at the dress it's very relevant at times like this when we are dealing with suicide bomber type scenarios why has someone got a very heavy winter coat on on a lovely summer's day he said to get into this position you'll have to take a lot of courses you might learn how to be a response driver an anti hijack driver an armored car driver obviously you get lots of firearms training but as we said learning situational awareness is a big part of the training he added that even though under their smart suits they're packing powerful handguns they don't want to be a show of force instead they meld in when he worked there he said there were 107 officers protecting the Royals these days he's taking care of famous movie stars and very rich business people do all the Royals get this kind of protection well you have the Maine royal family the princes and Princess and Dukes you've probably never heard of the princess Michael of Kent the Queen's cousin-in-law so you have those guys in all their families then you've got all the members of the House of Windsor and there are lots of them on top of that you have a bunch of folks who are related to the Royals but they don't use what's called the royal style take for example Lady Sarah Frances Elizabeth chato so it's a big family and no they don't all have round-the-clock security but you can bet they won't be seen getting some pie and chips at London derby football game the British tabloids in 2012 did say however that around 21 Royals have tight security and that it was costing the British taxpayer around 130 million dollars a year the mirror wrote 1,000 officers are being used to guard the Royals in their homes around the clock 16 properties around the country do have this round-the-clock security you might not even have heard of some of the people with this security it said that each of these lesser-known Royals will still have five highly trained officers around them all the time as for those places the Royals like this day such as Balmoral Castle in Scotland they will have scores of officers and armed response personnel surrounding them when they're occupying you can't just walk up to the door and ask if the princess is playing out this includes the country cottage where you might find Prince William and Kate Middleton and don't even think about rolling up to Kensington Palace and doing a belfie in the Royal fish pond what about when the princes joined the army such as Prince Harry was Harry protected where was he hanging out with the working-class lads from Liverpool Manchester Leeds etc well the royal loving tabloids would have you think the Royals are as much at risk as any other soldier but is that the case Harry once told the Guardian it's easy to forget Who I am when I'm in the army everyone's wearing the same uniform and doing the same kind of thing I get on well with the lads and I enjoy my job it really is as simple as that that said his unit was the household Cavalry's Blues and Royals which is what you might call a special unit of senior officers but of late they've been deployed to the Balkans Iraq and Afghanistan the unit does lose the odd soldier in action and Harry did say in the past that he wanted to see action the last thing I want to do is have my soldiers away to Iraq or wherever like that and for me to be held back home he said but in the end he wasn't allowed to go on that occasion then he got his chance in 2008 when he was sent to the Helmand province of Afghanistan but it was kept secret at the time years later he was shooting at the Taliban and then flying Apache helicopters it sounds like a con but Harry is genuinely shaping up to be one of the best young Apache pilots this country has ever seen set a military source so there you go maybe Harry is the least protected Roy there's always the chance he'll get hit by a bullet or his helicopter will go down in 2016 the British tabloids were abuzz with the news that one of the country's biggest celebrities the cheeky rakish gallivanting cockney called Danny Dyer was related to royalty how could this be Danny grew up on the mean streets of East London and speaks the agro of a true working-class geezer well we might all be surprised by our genealogy or family history leads to in 2015 a man from Maryland USA claimed he was the rightful king of the Isle of Man located in the Irish Sea between England and Scotland this revelation came after he was contacted by a genealogist who told him the throne was his the Queen wasn't too keen on the idea today we will do a bit of digging and find out if you could have noble blood running through your veins in this episode of the infographic show are you related to royalty as you'll know from our show on names surnames originated in a complex manner and it differs from country to country if we take England in the Middle Ages people were often given surnames based on what they did as an occupation where they came from or simply whose son they were Smith was of course from blacksmith and Williams was the son of William the Romans were also keen on having surnames but other European cultures were not certain surnames were also unusual researchers at the University of California and the London School of Economics actually looked into some unusual surnames to see which ones often had aristocratic connections the surnames at Hill Vaughn dick Balfour Brampton Teslin and Cunningham were all set to be linked with nobility more so than other last names indeed they found that there was a corollary between certain names and wealth but what does it mean if your name is Smith well imagine all the Royals of brin over the centuries and how many kids they had including the many bastards born in the Middle Ages that's Allah says one genealogy website stating that practically everyone alive with British ancestry will have a connection with a king can that be true one website called royal family tree lets you search your surname and brings up a bunch of Royals and landed gentry sharing that name the name we use one of our writers is shared with some of these aristocratic persons in fact if you've got a British surname there are plenty of those all over the world one research agency cited in The Huffington Post in 2011 said there's a good chance you are related to nobility or royalty if you live in the UK it is said there is a 20% chance in fact thousands of people who both of their family tree on the website my heritage had King George the Third's somewhere in that tree any number of these families could be related to you never mind if you were in the UK US or somewhere else you shouldn't get too excited though as Gizmodo wrote in 2015 having royal blood might not be as special as you think let's just forget about names and think about bloodline people can test their DNA these days and if they do they might be surprised to find they come from royalty how is this in an article in The Guardian in 2015 geneticist Adam Rutherford explained that if you are of European extraction which means a hell of a lot of you watching this show then you are related by blood to the famous King Charlemagne he had 18 kids with lots of women during his lifetime from 742 to 814 you see you know you have two parents and you know you have four grandparents they had parents and grandparents too if you kept adding that up by the time you went back a thousand years you would have had more relations than people were alive back then what this means explained genealogists is that the further you go back the smaller the web is Rutherford explains basically everyone alive in the ninth century who left descendants is the ancestor of every living European today he says if you are white you have a bit of everything in you meaning you'll be part Viking part Celt part anglo-saxon etc now we can take this a little further how related to you is another person watching this video at the same time the answer is you are related because we all share common ancestors in fact it's said that everyone alive on the planet today will have a common ancestor that lived around 2,000 years ago we are all inbred to some extent the question is can we find out who our common ancestor is this question is a subject that is studied called the most recent common ancestor or MRCA is there a single person from the past that can be connected to everyone alive today was there one little group of the first humans that led to the explosion of mankind and the Bible that could be said to be Adam and Eve and their kids Cain Abel and Seth it's thought they had daughters too and perhaps in sexually they had children of their own the Bible is a bit sketchy here according to Bible org there was indeed incest but it was okay because Adam and Eve were created by the hand of God anyway let's now move back to the scientific point of view did we all come from a small group of people it seems so we can trace our DNA back to one single female she's called the first matrilineal ancestor or the mitochondrial Eve and is thought to have existed around 200,000 years ago or there abouts at 10,000 years we have something called the identical ancestor point which means anyone alive back then is the ancestor of everyone alive today one scientist writing on Quora States everyone alive today has at least one single ancestor in common with everyone else on earth and that person may have lived 200 to 300 generations ago that means said the writer that if the ancestor were to come back to life to have a big family reunion we would all have to attend we could even accept that we are all made of stars as all elements were formed at the heart of a star the brilliant Carl Sagan once famously said we are a way for the universe to know itself some part of our being knows this is where we came from we long to return and we can because the cosmos is also within us we're made of starstuff so now you know we are all related and indeed we share some royal DNA but what does that matter it's nice to know we all basically come from the same place and in some sense are connected the Prince of Monaco journeyed to the North Pole from Russia via dogsled to prove the effects of global warming the king of morocco has flown his car across countries and portions of the North Atlantic just for a tuna the royalty of Qatar Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates are currently at odds and have been known to call each other rabid dogs in the heat of the debate yet despite their differences all have at least three things in common a title power and money let's see just how rich they are in this episode of the infographic show the world's richest monarchs right now number 10 is Prince Albert of Monaco the third richest royal in Europe with a net value of 1 billion dollars Prince Albert is a descendant from traditional as well as Hollywood royalty his father was Prince Rainier the third of the Grimaldi bloodline while his mother was Princess Grace otherwise known as famous actress Grace Kelly one of the assets that Prince Albert owns is Grace's childhood home in Philadelphia which he purchased for seven hundred fifty five thousand dollars in October of 2016 with plans to open it up as a seasonal museum but his mother wasn't the only one to leave behind valuable and cherished mementos Prince Albert also inherited a priceless stamp collection that was begun by his great great grandfather it includes some Sardinian stamps from as far back as 1851 that are believed to be some of the first ever used in Monaco then there's the impressive car collection that his father built up over decades to which Prince Albert continues to add it's now around 120 vehicles strong this stockpile is so large they can no longer fit in the garage and it was moved to tourists at Fonte VA where it's still currently on display among the cars is a London taxi that Prince Albert's family used for most of their travel as well as the Lexus from his 2011 royal wedding to a blonde bombshell south african swimmer it also includes models from rolls-royce Ferrari Maserati Lamborghini and more the prince owns a fourth of the land under his control as well and has plans to work to expand Monaco's territory further by extending it out to sea this is critical as Monaco has the largest population density of any country in the world in fact 35 of every 100 residents are multimillionaires buying over space to call the tax free Principality their home due to this competition the cost of property in the area is surpassed by Hong Kong alone to accommodate the expected influx of an additional 27,000 of the filthy rich by 2027 the plan is to expand by around 645 thousand more square feet this will make space for 120 luxury homes and bring yet more prosperity to the region beyond pricey real estate stamps automobiles and land Prince Albert also profits off shares that he holds a name a car low resort as well in other words he his wife and their three children have got it made number 9 is Amir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-thani of Qatar who is worth a reputed 1.2 billion dollars most of his wealth is due to the Qatar Investment Authority the fourth largest middle-eastern sovereign fund with 320 billion dollars in assets qya makes investments around the world with the money it gets in exchange for guitars oil and gas and has made substantial profits its investments include shares in the Deutsche Bank London Stock Exchange and Volkswagen in Europe and the gigamon incorporated software company in the United States it plans to and the u.s. portion of its portfolio to reach a total value of 45 billion dollars within the next two years however the area wasn't always well off and the Qatar Investment Authority didn't exist until 2005 in fact the Qatari people struggled just to get by until part of the world's largest gas field was discovered within their borders Emir mods family joined forces with Exxon executive Rex W Tillerson a recent US Secretary of State to liquefy the gas and make it exportable the area then went from a poor one to one with the highest average income as a result however the Emir believes that this profit has made others in the area feel threatened Qatar is currently riding out a boycott by its Saudi and Emirati neighbors and each continually tries to one-up the other in a Display of power and prestige for example while Qatar purchased this sazon painting for 250 million dollars a record for art at the time Saudi Arabia purchased a Leonardo da Vinci painting for a new record of four hundred fifty point three million dollars Emir Ahmad of Qatar's assets have set him apart in other ways as well he bought the Paris saint-germain soccer team which placed as the 11th most valuable according to Forbes in fact it set a record by paying a 242 million dollar transfer fee for player Neymar jr. the Emir is also reputed to own a 408 foot yacht known as the Katara translated to means celebration built in Bremen Germany the massive vessel is the 14th largest private luxury yacht worldwide and established to be worth 300 million dollars number eight is Grand Duke onry of Luxembourg the second richest royal in Europe and one of the youngest with a net worth of four billion dollars his value is mainly the result of funds from the Grand Dukes house that are his alone as holder of the crown he does not earn a salary but gets three hundred twenty four thousand eight hundred fifty one dollars to spend on Royal functions and an additional budget of twelve million one hundred eighty one thousand nine hundred fourteen dollars for household expenses because the country of Luxembourg is so small with few inhabitants compared to most other nations the cost and taxes each citizen paid to support the royal family was a little over $19 in 2014 in comparison the cost to the British royal family was 70 cents a / and the Spanish required 18 cents then there is Belgium where royalty no longer accepts any form of assistance though some believe financial burden is a contributing factor to why monarchies of the past have dissolved the Grand Duke and Duchess seem beloved by their people nonetheless crowd stepped up to cheer at his swearing-in ceremony in October of 2000 after his father Grand Duke Jeong stepped down number 7 is Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum who is both Prime Minister and vice-president of the United Arab Emirates as well as a mere Sheikh of Dubai he's worth four point five billion dollars a large amount of his income is generated through his sovereign wealth fund at the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority ranked as the third biggest in the world and worth 828 billion dollars as of 2018 a majority of this is due to Abu Dhabi oil and most of its other holdings remain undisclosed to the public the Emir also profits off of majority of shares in the investment firm Dubai Holding the owner of a major property development and management company and a luxury hotel company and worth thirty five billion dollars in the past decades Dubai was renowned for its riches once largely due to oil this eventually shifted more recently this wealth around 100 billion dollars in revenue was a combination of real estate ports and Airlines while surprisingly a mere 7 percent was from oil in fact it was real estate developments that led to soaring economic growth and the construction of the Burj Khalifa which at 160 storeys high is the world's tallest building and Burj Al Arab the most expensive hotel in the world however this upturn was soon followed by a downturn the construction of man-made islands off the Persian Gulf and other massive enterprises did not meet with as much success as planned Dubai found itself out of eighty million dollars and had to turn to Abu Dhabi for a bailout it was not the only area to struggle as real estate and the stock market plummeted the richest around the world lost 22 billion dollars from 2018 to 2019 though Dubai lost the most of all its Savior the Sheikh of Abu Dhabi also lost billions as oil prices fell however despite some not so successful projects the Emir of Dubai has been quite generous with his money with positive effects on many he contributed 10 billion dollars toward the establishment of the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum foundation one of the largest five foundations in the world for example this organization seeks to promote job and business opportunity knowledge and education and culture number six is Prince honza down ii of Liechtenstein the richest royal in Europe with a net worth of five billion dollars according to the Bloomberg billionaires index he's one of the 500 richest people in the world ranked at number 444 to be exact his fortune is one that dates back to the time of the Crusades from land held throughout Europe this wealth is now tied to the princely house of Lichtenstein's private bank the lgt group lgt acquired additional assets that led to a recent spike in value in 2017 this provided von Lichtenstein an extra 1.7 billion dollars and lifted him up to his current billionaires index ranking on top of this there are profits he's made from his investments through the Prince of Liechtenstein foundation a holding company as well he also happens to own the second best private heart collection in the world according to Forbes while there's sixteen hundred paintings and other forms of art were hidden away from the Nazis in 1938 they are available once again for public view and they are not displayed in an ordinary gallery but rather a garden Venice palace owned by the prince that was altered for the exhibition at a cost of twenty-seven million dollars he also owns a city Venise palace as well the allowance the Prince of Liechtenstein receives of two hundred seventy thousand seven hundred nine dollars similarly to the Grand Duke Inari of Luxembourg seems rather unnecessary it's likely as small as it is due to the royal houses wealth number five is King Mohammed the sixth of Morocco with a net worth of 5.7 billion dollars he made most of this wealth through the société nationale died of a TCM a holding company after his father left him 35 percent of the business among other things it has shares in Morocco's biggest bank and in the mining sugar and dairy industries he has other holding companies that control additional businesses and industries as well in other words he owns most of the Moroccan economy because he also controls half of the phosphate in the world his value is virtually immune to changes in the market that impact most of the other such as the value of oil or gas yet despite is wealth he's still given more than thirty four million dollars each year to spend as he chooses unfortunately his choices have been questionable when his expenditures were first discovered and then published by French authors in March of 2012 his subjects were justifiably enraged while millions of his people struggled to make ends meet on a dollar or so a day the French book claimed that the Moroccan King was spending 1.3 million dollars annually on pet food and 2.6 million more on clothing he also has a habit of keeping 12 palaces ready on the off chance he would use them yet he never showed up to more than four supposedly the king even flew his luxury car to Britain for routine servicing and spent forty six thousand dollars on a coat unsurprisingly the book resulted in scandal though the king was not the only one whose reputation suffered its authors were arrested for supposedly attempting to earn 2.3 million dollars in exchange for not printing it and somehow despite it all years later King Mohammed remains king number four is Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan President of the United Arab Emirates and Emir of Abu Dhabi with a net worth of fifteen billion dollars much of his wealth is due to his connection with the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority responsible for managing oil reserves from the United Arab Emirates it's believed that the investment firm has a greater worth than the total assets of Saudi Arabia and Qatar put together or somewhere over 525 billion dollars it's surpassed in value only by a government fund in Norway with a worth around 757 billion and the Chinese Investment Corporation valued at approximately five hundred seventy four billion it's preferred areas of investment include London's land real estate and resources it now owns the old Scotland Yard building that it purchased for over 486 million dollars as well as just shy of 10% of London's Thames Water Supply number three is King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia with a net worth of 17 billion dollars keys aren't vist fortune through his family's ownership of a media group that includes al shark al-assad and Alec T sadia the first of these is a newspaper that provides news on both national and foreign affairs there is a newspaper with a focus on economics and business the King spends his money without reserve on several luxurious items one of these is a yacht as long as a football field with a banquet room and an onboard space to accommodate as many as 30 he's also taken a 30 million dollar vacation to the Maldives and used three entire resorts for himself and those accompanying him including his 100 bodyguards even his Kleenex dispenser is covered in gold as well as the chairs he sits on and the King had a golden escalator designed for his use when exiting his private plane however to the ridicule of many he has awkwardly walked down the gilded steps when the contraption malfunctioned on landing in Russia for a meeting with Vladimir Putin number two is sultan hassan al bokya of brunei who's worth 20 billion dollars thanks to oil and gas it was Brunei that came up with the first large-scale natural gas liquefying plants once a gas field was found offshore of his country this set a precedent for others worldwide who had gas but no way to ship it such as Qatar Brunei has many sources of oil as well but the oil field known as champion is the greatest champion can fill up to 100,000 barrels daily with natural resources of that amount it comes as no surprise that the Sultan is living a lavish lifestyle his home known as the istana nurul ahmad is the largest residential palace in the world it takes up around 2 million 152,000 782 square feet surrounded by white walls and topped with golden domes it has 1788 rooms 5 pools and a 110 car parking garage and uses 38 kinds of marble for its 18 elevators and 44 staircases and that's not all his garage is anything but empty the Sultan Parks is 65 customised Ferraris Bentleys and Lamborghinis is 165 Rolls Royces and is 37 Bugattis there after all why stop at the king of Morocco's 120 cars when you can have 267 number one is King mahavakya on corn of Thailand worth 30 billion dollars due to investments made by the crown property Bureau the bureau owns more than three acres of property in Bangkok and steaks in Siam commercial bank and in Siam cement King wah here along corn is also the owner of the largest cut and shaped diamond in the world the golden jubilee diamond it came from the premier mine the same origin as the other large and famous Cullinan and tailor Burton diamonds though unlike the others at first it was considered quite ugly it took two years and specialized equipment to cut it and give it the attractive yellow-brown Sparkle it has today it has since received blessings from Pope John Paul the second the supreme Imam and the supreme Buddhist patriarch of Thailand and was first given to King mahira longhorns father in honor of his 50th coronation anniversary though his people were told that it was a golden topaz at first and not a diamond in a time of financial hardship it was prudent that they didn't realize their leader was parading around what is believed to be an up to 12 million dollar stone on his royal scepter however in time they learnt the truth and it now sits on display instead of attached to a kingly accessory clearly these men are all quite different from one another yet are all famous powerful and filthy rich in a world where many monarchies have toppled they for one reason or another have retained their positions of leadership this is despite questionable spending by many at the taxpayers expense you might have wondered from time to time what does the British Queen do all day when she's not cutting ribbons or waving to people from gilded horse-drawn carriages she's human of course so we know she wakes up in the morning likely heads over to the bathroom gets dressed and then later has a bit of breakfast but what's in between does she turn on morning TV read the newspaper check her social media accounts call her friends or google her name to see what the media is saying about her maybe she heads over to YouTube to see the latest infographics show installment that might sound funny to you but the Queen must have a normal life doing everyday things around her official duties as the UK's monarch let's now try to find out just what those things are here are some basic information about her first she was born on the 21st of April 1926 which makes her a ripe 93 years old yeah she doesn't likely get about as much as she used to do being that old she took the throne on February 6 1952 and this not only makes her the oldest living monarch but also the longest reigning current monarch if you didn't know there are 28 monarchies in the world right now and she's been in the big seat much longer than any other monarch she wasn't second place for a long time until Thailand's Bhumi Padang a day passed away in 2016 so when it comes to work experience she has the longest resume you can just imagine what that looks like current occupation Queen date started 1952 duties trying to stay neutral in politics meeting with the Prime Minister a lot traveling around ceremonies lots of ceremonies previous occupation homemaker but what does she do all day when she's not in an official role well it seems she keeps a lid on her personal feelings for the most part looking at bios of Queen Elizabeth we hear things like she does a lot for charity she likes riding horses and we know that for sure because we can see it in photos she also likes dogs and especially the breed called the Corgi but is that it she rides horses and pets are dogs surely she must have seen Breaking Bad or perhaps gets down with some good literature now and again let's look further according to recent reports she's doing much less than she used to and hasn't attended a number of events that she usually goes to because of her failing health but when she's in good health according to some sources she has a regular routine she takes a bath in the morning but first the police officer standing outside her room will clock off from his shift the time is usually around 7:30 a.m. the first thing she does of course is go to the bathroom and while we can't exactly say what she does in there the Daily Mail reports that she does take a daily bath the water the report said is seven inches deep and a servant will always test the temperature with a thermometer to make sure it's just right while she's in the bathtub three women called her royal dressers will pick out the Queen's outfit for the day and this is done under the supervision of someone with a title of the Queen's personal assistant and curator of her wardrobe she might have to change the outfit though as many as five times during the day the mail says the Queen never chooses any of them and relies on these people to make the right fashion choice of course her style is all based on what she'll be doing so the people in charge of dressing her know exactly where the Queen will be going all day long once a week after this she'll get a haircut and this is done by a special royal barber and she might listen to BBC Radio 4 around this time if she's not getting a cut to another of the servants we'll be in charge of brushing the Queen's hair and making sure she keeps that style she's had for a very long time apparently the first thing she does after this is look at the day's newspapers which for her would have been a depressing affair on many days during her reign she then looks at the letters that are sent to her from the public and some reports tell us she gets around 300 of these every day some sources say she replies to sell of them but it's more likely that if any reply is given that it's her ladies-in-waiting or her private secretaries she might also receive mail from the heads of state in other official correspondence someone from the public might well get a reply but it won't be from the Queen herself and instead just one of those ladies in waiting these people are just like assistants but they are women of course in one case one of these aides replied to a letter from a young boy who had written to the Queen and said he liked horses and would she like to see his this is the reply although unable to accept your invitation to come to your house for tea because of her very busy schedule the Queen greatly appreciated your kind thought of her and her Majesty was pleased to learn that you two liked horses so there you go she seems to look at her fan mail by the way if you want to write to her you can send your letter to her match see the Queen Buckingham Palace London sw1 a1a a you're supposed to start with madam and end it with I have the honor to be madam here Majesty's humble and obedient servant but apparently she won't complain if you slack on the formalities after the mail is done she then meets with her private secretaries and talks about her official papers and documents she may also have a sit-down or two with what are called audiences and these only lasts about 10 to 20 minutes then it's time for lunch and she takes that privately or she entertains guests but what does she like to eat according to former royal chef Darrin McGrady her diet isn't always exactly in line with health fads she loves chocolate and she loves biscuits aka cookies with her tea Earl Grey tea no milk no sugar she's also partial to cake in the occasional cucumber or salmon sandwich on a normal day she'll eat four times for breakfast she reportedly likes cereal maybe a boiled egg and some tea her favorite cereal is Special K Quaker Oats and Weetabix on another day she might just have toast and marmalade according to that royal chef's lunch might get a bit more elaborate and include four courses the entree might be something like a tomato mousse with the lobster but she also loves game the main course is often pheasant or venison she'll also have a dessert and a bit of fruit the chef said on days she's eating alone the meal is usually simpler and might just be lean meat with vegetables apparently for lunch she only eats small portions but she has a vice in that with lunch she'll usually sip a gin and Dubonnet that's a sweet aperitif she keeps the carbs low - refusing to eat potatoes rice or pasta for lunch he also said she's really not a big foodie unlike some of the rest of her family but she'll snack throughout the day and that means more tea more biscuits more cake and more chocolate she might also have a sandwich a scone or a bit of fruit for dinner it might be game if she didn't have it for lunch or it might be fish or stick this is washed down with champagne and if the mood takes her she might use one of these condiments with her meal liyan parents HP sauce and heinz ketchup we spent some time on that but it's very important to know that eating is a big part of her daily routine it seems her very diet and chocolate binges have helped her live a long life after lunch she might take a look at Britain's main horse-racing newspaper at the Racing Post because she has a fondness for horses and race the Daily Mail suggests that she might take a walk in the gardens and for this she likes to be alone the afternoon might be busy but that depends on whether she has royal engagements when she does she might visit four places a day before this she has read a brief about who she'll be a meeting in 2016 she had 430 of these kinds of engagements over the entire year this keeps her pretty busy and she'll do the visits by a region if possible so she doesn't have to travel much at the end of the afternoon she might see her Privy Council and also government ministers that's pretty much the day done and she can settle for dinners that we talked about once a week she'll meet with the Prime Minister usually on a Wednesday at around 6:30 p.m. and every evening after dinner she'll read the day's parliamentary proceedings and this will be written by one of the government's whips again she's settled yet well she may have a show to go to or have to host an event within the palace but this doesn't happen much and especially at her age now in the past she was much more active in the evening if she's got nothing to do there's one thing she loves and that's watching TV apparently she has seen the Netflix show which depicts her own life called the crown it was her son and daughter-in-law that got her onto that a royal source told a British newspaper this they have a Netflix account and urged her to watch it with them happily she really liked it although obviously there were some depictions of events that she found too heavily dramatized but the crown isn't her favorite TV treat and she loves British game shows she's also into British TV drama centred around the police force the soap opera EastEnders the show Downton Abbey and the iconic British science fiction show Doctor Who apparently she likes to binge watch the latter when she's on vacation at Balmoral Castle in Scotland she also watches the British reality talent show called The X Factor and has seen many of them one time she met one of the contestants and said to her you are the lady off The X Factor your song was fabulous so there you go when the Queen puts up her feet she does what many other British people do and settles in for a long night on the sofa watching soaps dramas and reality TV we expect at this age though being buzzed from her champagne she might quickly fall asleep as the TV plays if she reads she seems to go for the page turning thriller novel and better still stories with horse racing in them we're told that 11:00 p.m. is the time she usually says that's enough time for bed but some reports tell us before she turns off the light she writes in her diary she's reportedly been doing this since her rain started and wouldn't we all like to see what's in that diary and that's the story of a day in the life of Queen Elizabeth the second it's no secret that throughout history there have been some very mean monarchs kings queens and sometimes emperors that have not just spilled the blood of their external enemies but also killed those closest to them the show Game of Thrones might be a fictionalized account of the often bloodthirsty greedy cold-hearted nature of rulers but it's also not too far away from reality when we look back throughout history uneasy lies the head that wears a crown wrote William Shakespeare in his play King Henry the fourth which is basically the same as saying heavy is the head that wears the crown ruling can be a curse and a burden but some of those rulers were simply cruel let's see who were the worst in this episode of the infographic show who were the most murderous monarchs in history Henry the eighth of England we'll start with someone most of you have heard about you could say Henry the eighth wasn't anywhere near as bad as some other monarchs but he deserves a mention and we'll get to the worst at the end of the list just a quick search on who was executed during the Kings reign will pull up 92 names many of whom were burned at the stake for heresy but these were just the well-known people history websites say anywhere from 57,000 to 72,000 people were executed during his reign from 1509 to 15 the King had a taste for blood his most notable victims were two of his wives one was Anne Boleyn some historians say she had her head taken off because of adultery and being involved in a plot to kill Henry VIII eight others say she was accused of witchcraft and was his second wife and it wouldn't be until his fifth wife that another would be executed her name was Catherine Howard and the charges against her were treason and adultery Bloody Mary yep it's a drink and the name is partly based on the queen she was Mary the first of England and she was the daughter of wife-killer Henry the eighth when she took control she tried to reverse what had started to happen during her father's reign which was called the Reformation in short it was the Church of England pulling away from the Catholic Church this was in line with the Protestant Reformation Mayer got her name from persecuting anyone embracing this movement finding them and burning them at the stake she burned so many dissenters she earned the title of Bloody Mary come Gila his full name was Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus there are many tales of his horrific actions during his rule as Roman Emperor from 41 ad to 37 ad it seems he was outrageously narcissistic and had delusions of grandeur it said he believed he could talk to gods and was sadistic at times he did some horrible things during the Roman games - one time he fought a gladiator who only had a wooden sword and then stabbed him to death looking particularly pleased with himself another time it said he was frustrated at the lack of prisoners he could watch being devoured by wild animals and so forced part of the crowd into the arena to be torn apart by the beasts it's not known how many people he tortured or killed but it's thought to be many we can't really call this man a monarch but Roman emperors were treated much like Kings Ivan the Terrible this is another ruler that was given an appropriate nickname under his rule as the Grand Prince of Moscow and then Tsar of Russia it said he did many good things and much of them were related to innovation and expansionism he was at his worst though for what is called the massacre of Novgorod in which he had his army put men women and children into freezing waters and killed him it said he tortured and killed thousands more and it was all because he was paranoid that the rich City was planning to defect from his rule it's also rumoured that when he was just 13 he had one aristocrat eaten alive by a pack of dogs many of his own people suffer - as expansion doesn't always mean a sharing of the bounty it has to be said that this ruler was permitted in his reign in terms of conquest and modernizing he just gets the name because it seems he had a brutal way about him king leopold ii of belgium he was sometimes called the butcher of the Congo under King Leopold the seconds rule it's thought millions of Congolese Africans died in the early 20th century it's thought that during his bid to westernize Africa something many Europeans would try to do large-scale massacres happened he is also known for being exceptionally cruel to the Congolese if his rubber quotas weren't met this sometimes meant viciously flogging people and often cutting off their genitals or their limbs after one village protested the incredibly harsh working conditions one belgian wrote the commanding officer ordered us to cut off the heads of the men hang them on the village Palisades also their sexual members and to hang the women and the children on the palisade in the form of a cross this really was the heart of darkness Attila the Hun he ruled the Huns with his brother beretta from 434 this man and his powerful army were called the scourge of God by the Romans and greatly feared Attila it seems was the worst half as he likely killed his own brother for power he was also a great leader and led many successful campaigns across Europe it's often said it was the way he won that was especially barbaric and cruel so that's why he gets a mention here modus operandi and body count it's not known exactly how many people the Barbarian and his army killed but the number is said to be in the hundreds of thousands Vlad the Impaler you might have heard of Vlad from the Dracula legend but unlike the blood sucking count the bloodthirsty Impaler who was the ruler of Wallachia from 1436 was certainly real Wallachia was part of present-day romania according to historical documents after one attack on the ottoman army Vlad's own army left what was called a forest of the impaled then he hit the town historian Leo Niko's Chaka Khan dailus wrote in The Histories that about 20,000 men women and children had been impaled quite a site for the Turks and the Sultan himself he also added there were infants too affixed to their members on the stakes and birds had made their nests in their entrails in fact following the invention of movable type stories spread around Europe about how this man was the most sadistic ruler ever it said he invented new and horrific methods of torture that were unheard of even in those times he's also said to be a national hero for some or he is sometimes called yet another cruel ruler those he defeated obviously tell the more gruesome tales Genghis Khan Khan was the first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire he was born in 1162 and died in 1227 during his life he became the most feared man in the world and today he's still routinely judged as perhaps the most brutal but also the most successful war campaign manager he is credited for modernizing culture and also for his trade aspirations he's also credited with killing 10 to 15 million people in a time when military technology couldn't take out great numbers in one fell Boop there are mixed depictions of him from country to country but it's generally agreed that this ace military leader had a penchant not just for fighting soldiers but also for killing millions of non military personnel such as he did in the Iranian plateau many international historians write how he would enter towns burn them to the ground and then systematically kill everyone that was in them some historians write that when he invaded the Persian city of Nishapur he spared the locals at first but when his son-in-law was killed by a Nishapur in his wife demanded revenge it was then that anything breathing was slaughtered men women children and reportedly even their cats and dogs some say around 1.7 million people were massacred but was that entirely true many people think the number is too big Khan is also a national hero in Mongolia as the saying goes the victors write the history but what version of history you get often depends on which language you are reading it in or it may even change depending on where the historian stands politically writer George Lane said in the book daily life in the mongol empire that after one battle with the Roose principalities the mongol leaders put a heavy wooden platform over russian generals and ate a victory feast as they were all squashed to death underneath despite varying interpretations of history we think it's safe to say genghis khan had a lot of blood on his hands have you ever wondered what Queen Elizabeth really does throughout her daily life and how different that might be to other people's lives in the United Kingdom what she has for breakfast who cooks it for her and has she ever been to the shops or had any of the experiences in average Joe has you never really know how the other side lives until you do a bit of digging in today's show that's exactly what we will be doing learning a little bit about the queen of the United Kingdom to see what she gets up to and how different her life is to everyday people welcome to this episode of the infographic show the queen versus the average Brit Elizabeth Alexandra Mary was born on April 21st 1926 when her father King George PhysX died in February 1952 she became Queen Elizabeth the second her coronation was on June 2nd 1953 she is the queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms so how does her life compared to the average Brit first we came across the crown chronicles an online publication focusing solely on royal news they published an article detailing the Queen's daily routine a great place to start Her Majesty gets up at around 8:30 a.m. being greeted by the sounds of Scottish bagpipes each morning at 9:00 as a piper plays on the terrorists beneath her apartment at Buckingham Palace for breakfast she usually has cornflakes for a special case cereal and fresh or dried fruit bagpipes before breakfast is far from the norm of wake-up calls but cornflakes for breakfast that's pretty normal according to a 2014 survey on what Britain's best-loved for breakfast cornflakes was number five on the list so when it comes to morning eating habits the Queen is not far off the average but then after breakfast life takes a less than average direction when the Queen decides to open her fan mail she can receive over 300 letters from the public every single day she doesn't have time to open all of them of course but she does choose a few to reply to and usually takes a random sample the Queen's afternoons are often spent on public engagements carefully selected from hundreds of invitations she receives each year she carries out well over 300 per year visiting schools hospitals factories military units art galleries hospitals for the homeless and British and Commonwealth organisations when traveling outside of London the Queen will use the Royal helicopter or sometimes a Royal Air Force aircraft for the speed it has she will also use the Royal train which as a portable mini palace so the majority of her day is a routine sorted for royalty and very different to the average Brit what else can we explore when it comes to the Queen versus the average Brit one thing the Queen is well known for is her love of dogs in particular corgis the Queen takes her pack of corgis out for a walk just after lunch around the grounds of Buckingham Palace a dog is the most common pet in the UK with 24% of households enjoying the company of a canine however where the life of the average house dog may differ to that of a Royal Corgi is when it comes to eating forget bagged dry food and canned wet food according to Brian Howey in the 2013 book pets by Royal appointment the Queen's corgis are fed at 5 p.m. each evening and dine on filet steak and chicken breast that has been expertly prepared by a chef the menu is created from scratch with fresh ingredients and it is typed up daily and placed in the kitchen their meals are hand-delivered to them by a footman while sometimes the Queen herself pours gravy over their feast before they begin eating now those are some lucky little corgis what about her wealth how does the Queen's net worth compared to the average Brit according to Bloomberg the Queen is estimated to have a personal net worth of around 425 million dollars that includes the 65 million dollar Sandringham house and the 140 million dollar Balmoral Castle that's a lot of money to the man on the street but it's maybe less than you would think for a monarch and would not put her at the top end of the UK Rich List however those figures are only what she is inherited the true wealth of her family comes from properties kept in trust which generate income the Trust is called the Crown Estate and includes the crown jewels and Buckingham Palace as well as large areas of central London including nearly all of Regent Street half the buildings in st. James farmland industrial office and retail properties about half of the United Kingdom shoreline and almost all the seabed to the 12-mile territorial limit we tried to find out exactly how much this is all worth but since some of the assets are privately owned while others are owned on behalf of the nation by the monarch for the duration of their reign it is complicated according to a Reuters estimate the British monarchy has nominal assets about thirty four point eight billion dollars that would not get the British monarchy a spot in the top ten global rich list but it would place the family in the top twenty globally how does this all compared to the average Brit well according to the UK's Daily Mail newspaper legal experts calculated the value of the average brand's property equity savings pensions investments cars and possessions at one hundred forty seven thousand one hundred thirty four pounds so not a scratch on the queen's wealth and as the Daily Mail pointed out less than 0.01% of footballer David Beckham's net worth so Her Majesty eats cornflakes walks her dogs and replies to mail when people write to her not too far away from your average Brit but outside of those ordinary activities she also lives a far more extraordinary life with traveling and attending appointments and when it comes to her net worth though it's hard to get exact figures on that it is clear the Queen is not short of a Dalek so is it fair that the Queen is so much richer than the average Brit should the UK even continue to have a queen let us know your thoughts in the comments also be sure to check out our other video called Bill Gates versus the average American thanks for watching and as always don't forget to Like share and subscribe see you next time

Channel: The Infographics Show

Views: 4,540,221

Rating: 4.7011061 out of 5

Keywords: Royal Family, the royal family, British, England, UK, United Kingdom, Brexit, The Queen, Queen of England, queen elizabeth, royal guard, fun, funny, video, 2019, news, entertainment, comedy, official, best, top 10, story, crazy, amazing, life, prince harry, prince william, infographics show, infographics, compilation

Id: 66XNIgqjVnw

Length: 62min 53sec (3773 seconds)

Published: Sat Nov 30 2019