SciShow Quiz Show: Writer vs. Creator

ladies and gentlemen boys and girls welcome to scishow quiz show a gluten-free part of this balanced breakfast today on the show we have purple tank co-owner Hank green I have gone and we have protein pathway Grandmaster Sam Riley hi Sarah is one of our writers for scishow and she's really excited to be here I was so excited and definitely not terrified good you didn't write this one though no I didn't never Elsa the other one okay Salem one yeah so uh Hank yes today you are competing on behalf of Patrick Merrithew hi Patrick I could pause for a while because I wasn't sure if Michael pronounced you last name right but now I feel like we should he just plastered right on to be honest I'm not not sure if I said it correctly even I'm not really questioned it cuz we're just gonna have to guess Siri you are playing on behalf of Bader Al Ghamdi good let's go make this happen okay so both of you start off with 1,000 scishow bucks each time you answer a question correctly you will win some number of points if you answer incorrectly you will lose some number of points but not answering really is an option because that just makes you looks weak and whoever has the most points at the end of the game wins some fantastic prizes well on behalf of their patron so Stefan what are we competing for today thank you Michael Patrick and Bader will both receive signed cards from our final round with our contestants final guesses and wagers on them the runner-up will receive the I lost scishow quiz show pin very nice and the winner will take home the I won scishow quiz show pin and some secret scishow swag from dftba.com back to you okay you guys ready to hit the light yes it's starting to get pretty wintery here in the northern hemisphere so we're first round is about the cold okay and our first question in this round is about the coldest continent not much can live in Antarctica with all that ice and wind and freezing temperatures for a second I thought the question is gonna be what is the coldest continent and I was like boom I got that one Africa thought it'd be a trick question or something I'm so excited yep continue sorry given that we've got the ice in the wind and the freezing temperatures some animals are still able to manage with the help of some special adaptations sure so the question is what is Antarctica's most abundant land animal is it penguins mosquitoes nematode worms or tardigrades man ago with nematodes you want to know my my reasoning sure cuz they're little and weird and tardigrades I feel like I would have heard about that well Hank you are correct hey so that's 100 points for Hank green but I I would not have been surprised if it were mosquitoes cuz they go everywhere yes yes life finds away the answer is C nematode worms nematodes have a few techniques for surviving in some of the coldest weather on earth like some other animals that are adapted to cold they have a compound called glycerol in their blood which acts as an antifreeze if it gets so cold that ice crystals start to form in their blood anyway they also have special proteins that surround the crystals to protect their cells from damage nematodes can also protect themselves by what's essentially freeze drying when the temperature drops too quickly they let themselves dehydrate and enter a kind of inert state once it gets warmer again they absorb moisture and go back to being their usual wormy selves penguins meanwhile aren't considered land animals at all because they spend so much time in the ocean and there are no mosquitoes in Antarctica tardigrades do live there though we haven't directly counted the populations of nematodes or tardigrades but by analyzing amounts of different species and soil samples researchers have concluded that there are more nematodes in Antarctica that tardigrades or any other land animal the next question is about things that seem to work only at very low temperatures superconductors superconductors are materials that conduct electricity perfectly without the usual loss of energy that regular conductors have but they only work at super cold temperatures in 2010 researchers were testing a new kind of superconductor that was made by heating a compound called iron Telluride in water at one point the team was at a party and but with the idea of soaking the compound in different kinds of booze they had on hand like beer wine and whiskey red wine turned out to be the best choice it made sixty two point four percent of the material becomes superconducting six times more than plain water why was it because of the concentration of ethanol in the wine the acid found in the wine the compounds in the barrel used to age the wine or the yeast in the wine I'm not gonna I'm gonna take that risk ah the acid in the wine see Riley you are correct oh that's a high point for soon amazing I was I guess yeah I would have I was between those two yeah acid in the ethanol that I had no idea which one it was but I guess it makes sense cuz all those other things have ethanol wines definitely got more on the acidic Department yeah what else did they try today like Pierre who they like do something like blood sacrifice to the I don't know but future me is probably gonna tell you about it the answer is B the acid found in the wine many of the alcoholic drinks the researchers tested increase the amount of superconducting material compared to water beer for example caused 37.8% of the material to become superconducting but the red wine caused by far the highest increase researchers then tested different kinds of red wine and compared their effectiveness to their composition to try to figure out what was happening on the molecular level turns out that a type of red wine called Beaujolais increased the super conductivity more than the other kinds of red wine because it has more tartaric acid a weak carbon containing acid that sometimes used in baking powder in salt form it's also known as cream of tartar after some more research the team concluded that weak carbon containing acids increase super conductivity by changing the structure of the iron Telluride so as a biochemist and a biologist you probably both know at least a little bit about the subject of our next round okay carbon char a carbine with a Y is a type of carbon that's structured as just one chain of carbon molecules with alternating single and triple bonds it's stronger than any other known material but it's also really hard to make so far the longest chains made in the lab have been about 6400 carbons long but carbine has been found naturally in some places like meteorites where else might you find it as an impurity inside a diamond in the Earth's mantle in the Sun or in interstellar dust I'm gonna say enter Stardust but before I do in the Mars trilogy the space elevator collapses onto the planet and in the process like it generates so much energy that it like whips around and causes a lot of destruction one of the things that it also does is create all kinds of crazy chemical compounds that they're then able to harvest that would never have been created in any other way because of the amount of energy that was involved in that and one of them was weird carbon chains like that so that's one place you might find it and it collapsed the space elevator but additionally since we said that it was in meteorites and Menace a interstellar dust well Hank you are correct hey the answer is D in interstellar dust german chemist adolf von baeyer first proposed the existence of carbine in 1885 but all he knew was that long carbon chains might exist ever since researchers have been trying to figure out how to make these chains but as you can probably imagine it's tougher to engineer chains that are just one atom thick especially because they aren't very stable but in 1980 a group of astronomers from the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory in Cambridge England proposed that natural carbine could be found in interstellar dust earlier studies had looked at the electromagnetic radiation coming from interstellar dust to try to match up its spectroscopic signature with known compounds and see what the dust is made of but parts of the spectra weren't a match for the compounds astronomers expected to find an interstellar dust the Cambridge team realized that the data could match up with carbine though from the fact that carbine has been found in meteorites and other studies describing the conditions where carbon can form the researchers concluded that these long carbon chains were in interstellar dust so that's 200 points for Hank now there's also a new form of carbon that was only invented last year it's called cue carbon doing it it's made by taking layers of non crystalline or amorphous carbon using a laser to heat it up and then cooling it really fast okay the team that invented cue carbon also discovered there's something unique about it what is that special property is it that cue carbon is permanently magnetic liquid at standard temperature and pressure electrically conductive or a superconductor okay the superconductor one say Riley you're wrong okay I'm gonna guess the one about it being a liquid Hank green you are also oh I thought that was a really we were madly magnetic that's any sense at all explain it to us Michael the answer is a cue carbon is ferromagnetic that is permanently magnetic cue carbon is actually a lot like diamond except that the carbons inside it arranged much more haphazardly and it's even harder than diamond cue carbon is also electrically conductive but so are other forms of carbon like the graphite in your pencil but you carbon is ferromagnetic at room temperature because of the disorganized way the carbons are bonded to each other no other plane forms of carbon are permanent magnets our final round is actually about biology specifically fish herring live in big fast swimming schools called Shoals and they have a unique way of keeping these Shoals together specifically at night how do they do it is it by infrasonic communication farting but vibrating their swim bladders or swimming in circles wait a second the first thing wasn't even words infrasonic communication I think that's like below I think that's like deep deep sounds very indirect way bytes long wavelength sounds which you might do by vibrating your swim bladder so I'm just going to roll both I was out what were they there after parting obviously this infrasonic command question farting and vibrating their swim bladders swimming in circles and somebody has to do it the swim bladder one incorrect okay that's totally yeah we're in the 300 point rounds I'm sorry to say oh this is 300 300 points a lot of point it's okay it's fine I feel an obligation to answer now I'm gonna go farting Hank is it farting you are correct oh I want to know more about this well let me tell you about it the answer is B farting herring release bubbles from their rear ends especially at night which makes a high-pitched noise that other herring can hear the gas isn't because of something they ate the fish specifically swallow air from the surface when it's dark and there are lots of fish around the herring fart to help eachother keep track of the shoal the fish that eat herring aren't as sensitive to high-pitched sound so the herring can communicate with each other without telling their predators where they are we have reached our double-or-nothing question wherein our contestants can wager any number of the points they have Hank is at 1,400 Syria you have 600 so I can tell you that the next question is also about fish okay I didn't do so well on the last one about fish place your bets we'll be right back after these commercial messages welcome back mangrove kill fish are tiny fish that live in Florida Central America and South America and what's weird about them is that they can survive on dry land for up to two months and they have to because they live in little pools of water that disappear during the dry season the fish have lots of adaptations to help them survive on land but which of the following don't they do lower their metabolic activity drive through their skin bounce around using their tails hunt for food on land what they do one of those two things they do three of those things that I just said yeah but obviously they decrease their metabolic activity yeah that one is yeah I'm not final thing and you guys ready yes all right show your answers oh we both have the same thing well you're both equally wrong the answer is lower their metabolic activity oh man hasn't asked me is really embarrassed we were starting words together hey your point I didn't so did you yeah Wow ty the answer is a mangrove killifish don't lower their metabolic activity to help them survive on land when their pools dry up the fish just kind of keep going about their business as long as they're kept moist they could breathe and even excrete waste through their skin they can move around on land either by wiggling their bodies or by using their tails to launch themselves into the air since they can move around on land they can capture the insects they eat so mangrove killifish don't really need to conserve energy when their pools dry up they have no problem keeping their bodies going even on land well I think that we could say that we both won or at the end so everybody's gonna get something in the mail everyone always gets stuff anyway yeah everyone always gets tan but everyone gets both pins this time whoa this was a this was an exciting quiz show oh man it was thank you boys and girls for watching at home if you'd like to help us make more stuff like this you can go to patreon.com/scishow and don't forget to go to youtube.com/scishow and subscribe I am Internet yes competing against Hank we have the host of Kate tectonics and rock and mineral enthusiast Caitlyn Salem

Channel: SciShow

Views: 241,917

Rating: 4.953536 out of 5

Keywords: SciShow, science, Hank, Green, education, learn, Ceri Riley, Mongrove Killifish, fish, Herring, Q-carbon, Carbon, Carbyne, Superconductor, Nematodes, Nematoda, Antarctica, The cold, farting, glycerol, winter, penguins, mosquitoes, freeze-drying, iron telluride, acid, alcohol, wine, yeast, beer, red wine, Beaujolais, tartaric acid, baking powder, interstellar dust, Adolf von Baeyer, ferromagnetic, graphite, shoals, hunting fish

Id: DhMVWEMrxIc

Length: 15min 35sec (935 seconds)

Published: Wed Nov 30 2016