Raspberry Pi 5: EVERYTHING you need to know

the Raspberry Pi 5 is fast over 2.5 times faster than the pi 4. it's the size of a credit card and it starts at 60 bucks for a 4 gig version 8 gigs is 80 and it should start shipping in October I'm going to cover everything a massive graphics card plugged into its new PCI Express Port of course 10 gig networking yep we'll talk custom Pi silicon quad USB controllers performance everything the competition has been way ahead of the pi 4. during the Great Raspberry Pi shortage Rock Chip released a chip that's three times faster the pi 5 doesn't need to hold a performance Crown to win but it does need to close the gap does it and can Raspberry Pi rejuvenate its image after all the shortages we'll see let's dive into what's new right on top is this new rp1 chip designed by Raspberry Pi it's a South Bridge a go-between from the soc over to the rest of the board it has two built-in USB 3 controllers for full five gigabit bandwidth to each of these blue ports then it has two USB 2 controllers one for each of these black ports gigabit Ethernet and control over all the GPI opens networking Hardware is nearly identical to the pi 4 but I got double the Wi-Fi speed and the rp1 adds wired ethernet features like PTP support Wake On LAN is actually possible too but more on that later but there are other big changes obviously there's the new BCM 2712 SOC but we'll get to that later down here there's this brand new pmic or power management chip it has a built-in real-time clock so your Pi can keep time just like a real computer it measures power consumption and it lets you use USBC power delivery to get even more power for Hungry USB accessories and the faster CPU there's a new battery connector here for the clock and a new separate uart header using Raspberry Pi's debug probe you can jack straight into the soc now for serial console access in the past you had to set a special flag and plug into some gpio pins which was kind of annoying but now we get to my favorite thing this this little FPC connector see what it's labeled that's right full PCI Express right on the Raspberry Pi this is a long time coming it's still not perfect but for me I love it some other SBC makers cram an entire m.2 slot somewhere like this one on the orange Pi 5 but Raspberry Pi decided to use a custom FPC header FPC stands for flexible printed circuit like this tiny flat cable and you can use it for high-speed expansion hats now I'll get back to PCI Express later in this video because we got a lot to cover still like what happened to the display connector that used to go here well it moved down here and turned into a dual purpose cam disk plug the new rp1 chip allows either port to be used with a camera or display you could have two cameras two displays or one of each if you want one tiny feature that I love is this memory resistor it's not even functional but instead of having to look up part numbers or boot up the pie just to see how much RAM it has there's a resistor soldered down for one two four or eight gigabytes and and I have it on good authority that the pi 5 could handle 16 gigs someday then there are a few quality of life upgrades like that RTC that keeps time and even a real power button fancy that it's right next to a new Dual Purpose status LED and the location isn't random the new Pi 5 case has a combined power and led status button so finally you won't have to hack the case if you want a real power button and wait what's that case has better airflow too yeah we'll get to that later and they're also making an active cooler that plugs into the 4-pin fan plug over here it snaps into these two extra little holes on the board but do you need a heatsink or a fan probably but we'll get to thermals later flipping over the board there's a trusty old micro SD card slot that's been around since the pi b plus except this slot is twice as fast as the one on the pi 4 and second well second is actually something missing look closely what don't you see there aren't any more through-hole components if you haven't seen my video on how they make raspberry pies go check it out in that video there's a huge part of the assembly line where these fancy robots slowly and meticulously place a bunch of through-hole components like these gpio headers this new design drops through-hole components entirely meaning everything on it is surface mount this makes manufacturing easier since the production line doesn't need any complex robots and it might even make the board more reliable that's more a thing manufacturing nerds will love but there are a bunch of other big changes like the Poe header it's way down here instead of right next to the GPA opens yes that means there will have to be a new Poe hat and no I haven't seen it yet also the USB and ethernet ports flipped back to how they were in the pi 3 and earlier meaning it goes ethernet then USB 3 then USB 2 now also the camera and display connectors use the same narrow FPC connector from the pi zero meaning you'll need to use these narrow adapter cables if you already have a pi camera the AV Jack is gone and now there's just a little empty header for analog video out that means if you want sound you'll either have to use an HDMI monitor with built-in speakers or use Bluetooth or USB audio the network chip is identical to the one in the pi 4 but it's rotated to make signal routing work better and last but certainly not least instead of the BCM 2711 there's the new BCM 2712 system on a chip which contains the Pi's brains the GPU and CPU that makes the pie go the new SOC has a quad-core arm a76 CPU running at 2.4 gigahertz Acro across the line it's at least twice as fast as a pi forward usually faster it also has a new video core 7 GPU which can decode h.265 up to 4K and 60 frames per second and is capable of driving two 4K displays at 60 hertz we'll get more in the performance later but with this new chip and all these new components another big change is new power requirements you'll notice that I'm using a new power adapter this board has so much new i o capability it really needed a power upgrade you can pump 25 watts into the pi 5 and it all goes through this new power stage the new dialog chip down here can negotiate USBC power delivery so you can use the pi 5 with any compliant adapter but to get the full potential I still recommend Raspberry Pi's own 5 amp power supply many other power supplies might say they provide 5 amps but if they don't you might wind up with a current protection warning at boot Raspberry Pi still supports their old 3 amp USBC power adapter so if you don't have a new adapter you can still run the pi 5 in a low power mode with your old one but my advice just get the official one if you don't want to worry the new chip also exposes power monitoring for the first time on the pi the VC gen command utility has a new power monitor function and you can read back all the voltages with the command pmic read ADC but to control that power there's a power button it's a long time coming and other competitor Sports have had power buttons for a while now but it's nice to see it here you press it once to boot the pi and then press it again to safely shut down and the eagle I might see there's a wide LED lens on the new Pi 5 case that's actually the button actuator meaning you can press on it to turn the pi on or shut it down we'll get back to the rest of the case later first I want to talk about sleep I mean new power button new CPU surely Raspberry Pi is thinking about supporting sleep modes for power savings well yes but right now the firmware doesn't support it supposedly sleep and wake on land should be possible but so far I haven't been able to test them hopefully those features will come soon maybe even by the time the pi 5 with shipping as a consolation price this thing boots up in seven seconds with the RTC and the rp1 chip there are a few ways we can hack around sleep until that's supported but now we get to Performance I mentioned earlier the pi 5 is at least twice as fast as the pi 4 well pretty much everything CPUs two to three times faster memories two to four times faster Wi-Fi and micro SD are twice as fast and all this while being fifty percent more power efficient how does it do it well besides upgrading to LP ddr4x Ram a lot comes down to the new BCM 2712 system on a chip this chip is built by broadcom with four arm a76 cores running at 2.4 gigahertz and it's manufactured on a 16 nanometer process it's interesting to compare this thing to rock chips rk3588 an 8 nanometer chip that chip also uses a Big Dot little architecture with four high power a76 cores and four efficiency a55 cores in devices that use it tend to cost a little bit more than the pie but to save on cost Raspberry Pi just went with four high power cores on a slightly older process node we'll see if that decision is a good one and I know fitting everything on the same credit card size board created its own constraints the latest Rock Chip boards are a bit larger than the pi though the rock 5A bucks that Trend the BCM 2712 was specifically designed for the tiny Pi 5 with all the pins on this chip placed specifically for this layout compared to the pi 4 from media encoding to running PHP to compiling the Linux kernel this thing is 2 to 2.5 times faster and for cryptography the pi is 45 times faster the a76 cores finally bring arms crypto extensions to the pi ecosystem Ram is way faster too Pi 5 has lpddr4x which runs at 4267 megahertz while using less power than the old memory in the pi 4. how does that translate to Performance well the pi 5 obliterates the pi 4 in every way here from two to four times speed ups for anything that touches RAM and latency is also cut in more than half but what about the rk3588 well I tested the pi 5 against the orange Pi 5 and rock 5 model B and here while the price is still in Raspberry Pi's favor you really get what you pay for if you're willing to stretch your budget Beyond 100 bucks you can get even more performance they all have the same LP ddr4x and 4a76 cores but the rock chips more efficient process node and four extra cores push the limits Rockchip really nailed this chip and the pi 5 lags a little but it does stay in the ring especially for Value it's neck and neck for media encoding and actually faster for some things like PHP so it really depends on how you use it which one's actually the fastest I'm just excited because we're really spoiled for Choice the pi 5 isn't the SBC performance King but it keeps Pi in the race this generation especially if they can keep it on the shelves at just 60 bucks but what goods all that power if thermals are terrible for all these boards some form of cooling is now a basic requirement it you can run the pi 5 bear just like you could a pi 4 but unless you're just doing light browsing or typing a document it'll throttle now even throttled the pi 5 is a lot faster than a pi 4 but for almost everyone I recommend some form of cooling and there are two first party options this new active cooler is going to be five bucks or the new case will be 10. I tested both along with just this tiny heatsink and here are the numbers with no fan and no heatsink throttling starts in less than 30 seconds if I add a little heat sink in it keeps the pie from throttling for a full five minutes so just a tiny heatsink will get you through a lot but especially in a case you need a fan with the active cooler the pi never broke 60 degrees and there's no chance it'd throttle the case with just the fan and no heatsink lets the pie run a bit hotter but it never passed 75. add on heatsink and it should pop down to probably around 70. and how about noise the squirrel cage fan on the active cooler is nearly silent and only ramped up while I was running benchmarks even then it maxed out around 40 decibels and didn't have any Buzzy noise it never even ramped up to 100 except when I was overclocking the case fan is Audible and it's a huge improvement over the pi 4 retrofit case fan but it's a step below the fan on the active cooler but the noise is also better because the new case was actually designed better there's actually ventilation the fan is a little bigger and it uses pdbm to keep the fan nearly silent most of the time and that top cover can even be removed so you can stack cases if you want and for overclocking you gotta run a fan on my Alpha unit I could run stable at up to 2.6 gigahertz but some benchmarks got a little flaky at 2.8 so it's faster the fans are quieter but I haven't touched on efficiency bottom line the pi 5 is a lot more efficient than the pi 4 all out and idle power isn't bad either at least with the official power supply the pi 5 sucks down 1.8 Watts which is within spitting distance of the pi 4. under load it's 50 more efficient shutdown power is a little weird now though the pi 5 has the same issue as the pi 4 where when you shut it down complete completely it'll still be pulling a water so if you edit the boot config like this though it'll power down to less than a tenth of a watt and like I mentioned earlier sleep might finally be possible though it's not in the alpha firmware so I'm not going to cover it here but Rock Chip really holds the efficiency crown for now there's really no contest at all Raspberry Pi traded efficiency for cost the pi 5's 16 nanometer chip keeps it a bit cheaper than the competition but with the trade-off that it's a little less efficient now hiding right next to the CPU on this chip is the new video core 7 GPU and it has some upgrades too it can handle a full 60 hertz on 4K displays and not just like the it barely works level the pi 4. it can play h.265 video at 4K 60 it runs super tux card at 30 FPS on high and it runs open arena at an okay-ish frame rate on high settings too YouTube playback is close to perfect at 60 frames per second though I couldn't test 4K playback YouTube seems to be blocking that option on pios for some reason I tried the next best thing and played two HD videos next to each other on a 4K display and they were watchable but not quite smooth I mean it's not going to beat a Mac or anything like that but it's certainly more useful than the pi 4 if you want a tiny desktop the GL Mark II score was 117 full screen or 905 windowed and I also got Vulcan running after I installed the Mesa Vulcan drivers chromium's GPU support is working in wn12 and I also installed Super Mario 64 and had a smooth 60fps there I tried installing steam with pi apps but after a reboot I couldn't get back into the desktop environment so probably just something that needs to be updated for the new OS I'm sure other channels will dive deep into Retro Gaming and box 64 on this thing and I am excited to see what kind of results they get but I decided to move on to seeing if I can get one of these things working on the pie I mean go big or go home right well good news and bad news this little PCI Express header uses a custom FPC connection and right now there aren't any hats or external breakouts to plug in pcie devices I have this prototype board I had to borrow from Raspberry Pi but it's more for debugging also out of the box this thing's only rated for one lane of PCI Express Gen 2 speed meaning can still only get 5 Giga transfers per second through it in good news the bus can technically pump through gen 3 speeds though it's not certified for that speed all you have to do to hack that is to add these lines in your boot config and restart so I did that and I tested everything graphics cards like the latest Nvidia and AMD gpus don't just lock up the whole system anymore so some of those bugs I ran into on the compute module are fixed and older gpus may work better but there are still driver issues on arm especially on AMD side nvidia's driver installed and I could see the graphics card but I still run into this RM init adapter error we'll we'll get there though I'm sure of it and yes I recompile the kernel like 20 times there's a shirt for that on redshirtjeff.com for the best arm experience with gpus though you should see this ad link desktop my big upgrade video is coming soon so make sure you're subscribed switching tracks to nvme ssds I got 400 50 megabytes per second with Gen 2 or 900 megabytes per second at gen 3. I've actually been booting off this kyoksu drive at gen 3 for all my testing and it's been perfectly stable and what about raid I tested a hardware raid card and an HBA and both seemed to get recognized without even patching the kernel like I had to do on the pi 4 but I had a little trouble with the CLI utility so I can't access a hard drive on it just yet I also tried a quarrel TPU over pcie and it seemed to work but when I tried running image recognition on it the thing flaked out a bit it's certainly promising and there might be a way to get working on the pi 5 but it'll take a little more time in testing something that worked perfectly was this Asus 10 gig Nick because it's limited to one pcie lane though it can only really put through about six gigabits of traffic so the pi 5 might be great for 2.5 or 5 gig networking but it's not ready for a full 10 gig Network at least not yet and something missing on this connector is any USB pins so if you want something like a 5G hat you're still going to need to get USB up to it like on this board I heard Raspberry Pi is working on a better cable than the little one I'm using and I'm sure third parties are going to come out with a ton of useful new hardware now that we have full PCI Express before I wrap up pcie I should note the connector only delivers about 5 Watts Max over the 5 volt power line so something like an nvme hat might need a 12 volt Barrel plug that powers it and the pi we'll see and even if you don't want to boot off nvme the micro SD card slot uses uhs1 now meaning I can get double the speed of the pi 4. I got 90 megabytes per second on a SanDisk Extreme card versus 46 on the pi 4. USB boot still works too and now you can get a full 5 gigabits on both USB 3 ports plus extra power if you use a 5 amp power supply that means you can do Shenanigans like copy data between USB drives around 600 megabytes per second or have a USB SSD and a 2.5 gig network adapter both running at full speed and the rp1 also has two full USB 2.0 buses so the black ports run at 480 megabits a piece and if you don't have a 5 amp adapter you can still use the USB port but you'll have to choose if you want full CPU power or more current to the USB ports continuing the theme of double is better the built-in Wi-Fi uses the exact same Hardware chip but it's double the speed from the same location in my basement I'm getting about 200 megabits per second where on the pi 4 I got just over 100 and built in Ethernet well it's pretty much identical since it's still a gigabit I really wish they went to 2.5 gigs this generation but at least I can still get faster ethernet through pcie or a USB adapter and speaking of USB adapters I wanted to see if this Netgear Nighthawk Wi-Fi 6E adapter would work on the pi 5 and you know what it did because it's a pretty new adapter I had to patch the system to tell it to use media text driver but I was able to get six gigahertz Wi-Fi 60 right out of the box on the pi 5. down in my office the thing goes through like four walls so the Wi-Fi speed wasn't much better but if I moved everything upstairs closer to the router I got well only about 260 megabits using a PCI Express version would probably be fast I tested one on the compute module 4 last year and I got about 1.5 gigabits besides all the high speed connections there are still 40 gpio or general purpose input output pins these pins carry power ground and SPI I squared C and other ins and outs so you can interface a pie with tons of devices the big difference this time around is these pins all go through the rp1 there are a few reasons for that but a big one is to protect the main processor from dying if you accidentally short a couple pins the rp1 uses the 40 nanometer process node so it can handle more current inside is a close relative to the rp2040 so the next big question I have is what fun things can we do with it I mentioned earlier in the video this chip adds on PTP support courtesy of a Cadence gem inside so if you have a GPS disciplined oscillator on a GPA open you can use that to drive precise Network time over PTP explain like I'm 5 rp1 makes clocktick better I haven't had time to test PTP yet but the driver already shows Hardware supported ready I'm excited to see what other surprises might lay hidden inside this rp1 though rounding out IO I tested a camera module 3 on the cam display ports it worked without a hitch autofocus and everything with the ability to run two cameras you can do stereo Vision right on the pi 4 instead of needing a compute module like the stereo Pi required the pi 5 will be even more popular for Machine Vision and Robotics especially with the global shutter camera the bottom line is the pi 5 is basically the pi 4 just two to three times faster and with a lot more i o the pi 4 4 gig model sells for 55 bucks and the pi 5 is 60 and the pi 5 8 gig model is 80. it'd be nice to see if they release a 40 2 gig model too but we'll see it's certainly nice the Pi still undercuts the competition on price though the competition has been doing quite well these days I don't feel as uncomfortable today dipping my toes in other SPC ecosystems as I did back in 2019 risk 5 is finally starting to eat at the low end too one thing's for sure the SBC ecosystem is heating up going into 2024. what else do you want to know about the pi 5 let me know in the comments until next time I'm Jeff kirling

Channel: Jeff Geerling

Views: 1,173,270

Keywords: raspberry, pi, rpi, 5b, model b, pi 4, pi 5, sbc, single, board, computer, linux, open source, broadcom, bcm2711, rp1, silicon, chip, maker, hacker, hack, make, pci, pci express, pcie, hdmi, usb, 3.0, 2.0, ethernet, wifi, bluetooth, networking, performance, benchmark, test, comparison, radxa, orange pi, rock 5, rk3588, rockchip, opi, raspian, debian, csi, dsi, uart, update, refresh, ram, memory, vpu, gpu, videocore, vii, vulcan

Id: nBtOEmUqASQ

Length: 20min 31sec (1231 seconds)

Published: Thu Sep 28 2023