Hi everyone and welcome to this tutorial. In this tutorial, I will demonstrate the procedure to create an Oracle 19c Database with Asm on Oracle Linux This is a standalone non-cluster database. In a high level, the tutorial procedure goes through the following steps: First, we will change some basic settings
of the tutorial appliance The tutorial appliance is an Oracle VirtualBox machine named as srv1 Second, we will add a couple of Virtual Harddisks to the appliance. Those disks will be used by ASM Third, we will make the machine IP address static Fourth, we will configure Putty to connect to the virtual machine Fifth, we will set up the environment variables for the OS Accounts: grid and oracle Sixth, we will install the ASM Packages and create the ASM disk volumes In the seventh step, we will change the kernel parameter values to the values recommended by Oracle after that, we will install some more
packages in the operating system that are
required by Oracle software after performing all those operations
steps we will be ready to implement the good stuff. We will install Oracle Grid
Infrastructure Software which is in our case is called Oracle
Restart then we will create the ASM disk groups
that will be used by the database and finally, We will install Oracle 19c
database software and create the sample database Let's get started the pc that could be used to implement
this tutorial should have free 8GB in its memory. This is practically means that the ram memory in your pc must be
at least 12 Gigabytes In this tutorial
the pc where the tutorial is implemented in it is referred to as the hosting pc Because it hosts all the environment
components We will also need at least 50 Gigabyte
free disk space It will be used to save the VM files and
the software installation files Finally, the pc should be connected to
the internet Because some packages will be installed
directly from the internet The diagram in the screen demonstrates
the architecture of the database that we will create in
this tutorial the server name is srv1 It works with the operating system Linux 7.8 The database SID will be “oradb”. It will be a CDB database. Not a non-CDB database. Non-CDB database will not be supported in the Oracle releases that come after 19c so we should get ourselves ready
to deal with cdb databases At the ASM side, we have two disk groups the size of the first one is 12 Gigabyte and it will be used to store the ASM OCR The size of the other disk is 40 GB and it will be used to store the database files. Following are the software products
needed to implement this tutorial Oracle VirtualBox, Oracle Grid Infrastructure 19c Oracle Database 19c and Putty The tutorial document has the links to download those products Oracle VirtualBox: is the environment where the virtual machines are created in this tutorial in Oracle terms virtual machines created
by oracle VirtualBooks are called Virtual Appliances. The tutorial uses VirtualBox version 6, specifically 6.0.22 After the VirtulaBox is installed, we need to create an Oracle Virtualbox appliance with an Oracle Linux 7.8 installed in it To save your time, you can download a pre-built VirtulaBox appliance from the link provided in the tutorial
document the link is the URL of the download page
on my website. Search for the required download and get it from there The next component that is used in this tutorial is the Oracle Grid Infrastructure 19c for Linux x86-64 installation files. This software will create the layer that controls the ASM
controls the listener and manages the sequence of starting the services The installation compressed file can be downloaded from Oracle Site just search the internet for “oracle grid infrastructure 19c download” or click the link
provided in the tutorial document the next required product is the Oracle Database 19c installation file for Linux x86 64-bit the installation file can be downloaded
from Oracle Site just be careful to download the
compressed zip file not the rpm file Finally, we need putty you must have used
it several times in your life putty is a utility that provides a
command line prompt to connect to a Linux server from
Windows In the first step of this tutorial, we will make some simple changes on virtual appliance
that will make our lives later easier on implementing the other tasks After the appliance is opened in the
VirtualBox we need to configure a 'Shared Folder' in
the appliance this shared folder will be used to
exchange the files between the appliance and the hosting pc just open the setting page of the
appliance go to a shared folder, click on the plus
button, add the full path of the shared directory give it a name in this tutorial, I give it the name
staging and mark the checkbox "Auto-mount". after that we want to make sure the
network adapter type is Bridged Adapter and its name is the same as the network
card for your PC This makes your VM appliance
appears in your network as a separate host and will be assigned an IP address based on your network configuration in the next step, we need to create the
disks that will be used by the ASM In our architecture, we will create two disks. One for the OCR, which its size should be 12 GB, and one for the database files which its size will be 40 GB. so i just click on the sata controller and click on the add hard disk button select create a new disk keep the first option selected keep the first option selected give the hard disk a name and set
its size I will repeat the same steps to create
the other disk after that, It is not a bad idea to set a meaningful name and description for the appliance in the next step, we will obtain the IP
address assigned to the appliance and and make it static We need to make this step because we want to make sure that the machine will always have the same IP Address when it is rebooted first we will start the virtual machine and login to it as root open a terminal window and run the ifconfig command from there I can obtain the IP address in my case, it's 192.168.1.120. I will fix this IP address for this
machine so I go to "Applications" system tools and settings from there i click on the network option
in the left hand side Click on the gear button Go to the IPv4 tab change the first option to manual and enter the IP address information after that click on apply button and close the window let's ping the IP address to make sure
that the chains are successful now I will edit the "/etc/hosts" file and add
the hostname and the IP address to it then I will verify that the changes were
registered in the NIC configuration file The network configuration is registered
in the file now in the hosting pc, I will open a
command-line window and make sure that I can ping srv1
IP address the ping is successful if it doesn't work in your case make sure the firewall in the hosting PC
allows communication between the PC and the Oracle VirtualBox in the next step, I will configure putty
to connect to srv1 open putty then enter the IP address of
srv1 in the Host Name field then go to the connection option and set the seconds between keep lives to a value like 9 if you wish you can increase the font
size just click on the appearance option
under the window node Click on change button and
increase the font size Finally, save the configuration as srv1
then open decision Login as root to the machine in the next step, we will configure the
OS variables for the software owner accounts Oracle
and grid Oracle is the software owner of the database software and grid is the software owner of the
grid clusterware software first, we will make a backup copy of the
the current bash profile file then we will add the code as demonstrated in the practice document to it The most important variables are the first three variables oracle base, oracle sid, and oracle home. Observe that oracle home is a subdirectory of the Oracle base. as we will see soon this will not be the case with the grid account I will switch the user to oracle create the bash profile file and add the code to it switch the current user back to root
then run the code as demonstrated in step
number 21 to create the required groups grid user
and modify the accounts Add oracle andy grid accounts to
vboxsf group this group was created by VirtualBox
Guest Additions and it allows its members to access the
shared folders in the hosting machine create oracle Clusterware home
directories and change their access permissions to match the software Switch to grid user and modify its bash profile as shown in step No. 24 observe that oracle home in this case
is outside the oracle base the values of those variables
must be set this way because the installer will change the ownership of the oracle grid home if oracle home was under the oracle base the ownership of the oracle base will also be changed in the next step, we will install the ASM
package then create ASM disk volumes change the current user to root user
then install oracle ASMLib package run this command to configure and load
the ASM kernel module the owner of the driver is grid the owner group is Oinstall and answer "Yes" to the questions run the following code to load the
oracle ASM kernel module this command will list the disks as
seen by the operating system we can see the disks created in the
VirtualBox and attached to the appliance sda is the disk that hosts the operating
system files sdb is the OCR disk
sdc is the ASM data disk use fdisk to create partitions in the
disk do the following for the disks respond to the utility by pressing on
n, p, 1, Enter, Enter then w so if disk for the OCR disk n, p, 1, Enter, Enter and w We will do just the same for the second disk create the ASM disks Oracle software requires minimal values
for the kernel parameters in the following step, we will change the kernel parameter values to the values
recommended by oracle create the file as shown in
step No.33 of the tutorial document then add the code that follows to it the file name starts with 97 so that we guarantee it will be the last
to run by the system by the way this method of
changing the kernel parameters is slightly different from changing
them in Linux 6. after modifying the parameters reboot
the system in the next step we will install further
packages in srv1 they are required by oracle grid
infrastructure and database software open putty and login to srv1 as root
then run the code as demonstrated in step No. 37
to install a couple of packages required by oracle software by reaching to this point we are now
ready to install oracle grid infrastructure software in srv1 the installation procedure automatically creates and
start the clusterware services copy the oracle grid infrastructure
software installation file to the staging folder in my environment, I have both the
grid and oracle database installation files copied to the staging folder extract the installation file into the oracle grid infrastructure software home directory install the cvuqdisk in srv1 as root this package must be installed before
installing clusterware software it is available in
the grid extracted files themselves login to the VirtualBox window of srv1
as a grid Then open a terminal window change the current directory to the grid infrastructure software home directory and run the grid setup script observe that this is a new way of on installing the software in the older releases we used to extract the installation file
in a staging directory and then install the software from there With release 19c, you can extract the installation files
into the home directory itself and then run the installer from there this method saves a bit of disk space and a bit of the time I need to Login as grid open a terminal window and run the software installer in the first window select the option
configure oracle grid infrastructure for a standalone server
oracle restart in this window click on the change
discovery path button enter the discovery path enter the disk group name select external for redundancy select the OCR disk and that's it enter a password for the ASM system
accounts make sure this checkbox is unmarked the group names are successfully selected Oracle Base and Oracle Grid Home should automatically point to the values of their corresponding variables. the inventory directory is successfully selected mark the checkbox and enter the root
password All the Prerequisite Checks should pass except the memory it complains that the
available memory is 7.5 we can safely ignore this warning
just select ignore all checkbox then click on next button If you see other warnings you should resolve them before you proceed and then click on install button when the installation reaches to nearly
11% it will display a confirmation message just click on yes button after the installation is done check the
crs services status all the services should be stable after installing the clusterware
software we need to create the disk group that will be used by oracle database to store its data files in it in real life scenario we might create more than one just disk
group for example one for the data files and
another one for the recovery area in the virtual box, window initiate ASM
configuration assistant to create the Data Disk Group click on disk groups then click on create give the disk group a name set its redundancy to external select the disk and ok button and that's it is as simple as that after installing the clusterware and
creating the ASM data Disk Group we are ready to install oracle database
software and create the database in the putty session change the current
user to oracle then extract the installation file into
the oracle database software home directory then log out from the virtual box window
and log in to it again as oracle open a terminal window and change the current directory to the oracle database home directory and run the installer script in the first window keep the option
create and configure a single instance database in the system class window, select the
server class option in the system class window select the
option server class we are working on the “Enterprise Edition” the default values are correct keep the option general purpose database over here we have to enter the global
database name the oracle sid and the pluggable
database name do not mark the AMM checkbox set the memory to nearly 5 GB keep the character set to its default
value and mark the checkbox install
sample schemas in the database make sure the ASM is selected make sure the checkbox is not marked mark the checkbox enable recovery and make sure the asm is selected select the data disk set a password for the system accounts select the the “oinstall” group for all the
options except the OSOPER keep it blank mark the checkbox and enter the root password all the prerequisite checks should pass click on the install button when the installation reaches to nearly
12 % it will display a confirmation message
click on yes button click on close button after the installation and database
creation are finished verify the database is up
and running by logging to it as sysdba the login was successful I will now switch the user to grid and
try to know the database status using the srvctl utility from the grid user I can know the status
of the database using srvctl utility and the same command can be run by oracle let's try now starting the firefox
browser and opening the EM express the browser returns the error secure
connection failed this error is generated because the
listener runs as a grid user and this user doesn't have the right
access to the oracle xdb wallet folder before fixing this issue Let's verify that the xdb service is being registered in the listener let's
check the status of the listener if we don't see this line in the output
it means the listener is unable to receive connections to the EM
express if this is the case in your environment
restart the database using srvctl start command remember when oracle restart is configured do not use the sql plus command prompt to restart the database
use the srvctl commands instead let's now fix the grid permission issue
to access the oracle xdb wallet folder just run the code as demonstrated in the
screen to grant the grid user the access
permission to the xdb wallet folder now let's try accessing the EM express here you go the EM Express is accessible now we just have to allow the browser to open it Enter the username as s Enter its password
and keep the container name blank and here we go we have the em express
opened for us so here is the summary of this tutorial we learnt in this tutorial that we can build an oracle database 19c with ASM on a virtual box machine in a high level, the procedure goes through the following stages decide about the storage size and architecture prepare the machine and the operating system then install oracle grid infrastructure in this case, it's called oracle restart and finally, install Oracle Database software and the create oracle database and that's it for this tutorial thanks
for watching Thank"s for watching, see you guys in another tutorial
