Industrial Scratch Build 1 - The Paper Mock Up - Scratch Building With Inkscape

[Music] [Music] so hello welcome to chandwell this is the first in a multi-part series where i'm going to take you step by step through building a scratch-built industrial building for this part of the layout here and to go between the river bridge that i did a video on a couple of weeks ago and the viaduct so i've got a small space here i wanted to go right up against the road i want it to be an industrial building of some type so in this video i'm going to show you every single step i went through in inkscape mistakes and everything and just to show you the way that i use inkscape when i approach a new scratch build this is the first part and i'm going to show you how i made this paper mock-up so it's always good to start with a mock-up in paper because it doesn't matter if you make mistakes it's very easy to correct them you don't have to use much glue just a case of printing it out and folding it it fits in quite nicely it's got a few errors with it keep your eye out for as i make those as i go through i've just finished editing the video and i've seen many things i could have done better and many places where i made the obvious mistakes but i thought it was important just to show you how i work and how my general thinking works as i go so this is just how i work there's many other ways of doing it in escape but this hopefully should show you how i approach this particular build so without further ado let's switch to inkscape and i'll show you how i made this building here i am in inksgear don't worry if yours looks a little bit different to this depending on what you used last time and how freshly it's been installed and things i think sometimes it looks different what i always do when i start an inkscape build is i create a layer to have the guides in and that is a reference to the rest of the building all the way through so what we'll do is we'll go to the layers tab now there's layers there and you can see it's on it's on my screen already if it's not there you can press shift control l i can go up to the layer menu and choose layers you'll see there's a layer already there by default layer one all i'll do is double click it and that makes it editable and delete the text that's in there already i'm just going to call it guides so there's a layer for our guides you can also see there a standard a4 sheet of paper that is the print area what i'll do is i'll scroll up to get rid of that i like to work in an area of the page where i'm not constrained by the size of the paper that i'm eventually going to print it out on so i saw the building that we're drawing in sheffield when i went for a walk with my good friend simon didn't take any pictures though so i'm relying on google earth so here we are it's this long works building in the middle of the screen you can see here that there's a little road that goes through the middle through the center of the building so if we look at the 3d we can see that it's quite a long building i'm not going to make it as long as this i'm going to focus on the middle bit around where that bit of road goes through here we are looking at the front of the building so i'm going to keep referring back to google especially this street view view while i construct the front of the building that's our main focus for this part of the build i could count the bricks and work out the exact measurements and everything but i'm not going to go to that level of detail for this one i just want to get the general feel of this building so you can see the central arch of the where the road goes through and the most important thing i think is the windows if we look at the ground floor there's a group of three windows two large ones with a small one in the middle and then this group is repeated above and to either side of the central archway now for the windows i'm going to use a product called scale glaze by scale scenes these are screen printed window frames onto high quality acetate and they come in various sizes i'm just looking at the website here to see the different sizes that they're available and the n scale ones are on the right there so having spent some time browsing these i think i'm going to use um the ones over here and the size m the large sash windows so we'll take those and we'll have a look at the size down here and then the smaller ones under there and g the small sash windows so i'm going to use the large and the small sash windows for this i'm just not going to match the prototype exactly but that's the way i'd like to work so the size m are 12.5 by 7.5 millimeters so let's get those drawn onto the canvas so i just draw a rectangle color it in blue and it's important not to have any border and i'll explain why another time but for now up at the top we'll just type in the dimensions so a width of 7.5 and a height of 12.5 millimeters once that's there we now know we've got the correct size for our window and i just use the text tool just to put on um all about what that window is so it's the main window it's the scale scenes m and it's on scale glaze sheet two that just helps me remember what to order when the time comes so that's the large window on the small one i type g in n scale it's 9.5 millimeters tall again just draw a rectangle it's 4.5 millimeters wide by 9.5 millimeters tall so let's get that in so i'm going to base the whole of the building around these two rectangles these are rectangles for windows so this is a smaller window it's scale scenes type g and again it's on sheet 2. so i said it's important not to have a border on your rectangles and the reason being is in inkscape when you have a border the dimensions include the width of the line um so it's better to not have the line on so that you know that your rectangle's the right size and that way i'm confident these windows are correct so we now have some windows let's start arranging them to match the building if you remember there were two large windows with a smaller one in between right click and choose duplicate that creates a copy of that rectangle you could press ctrl d as well if you wanted but anyway i've duplicated it and i've dragged it over here there's our first window if we look there's a large one either side with a smaller one in between so i'm going to just duplicate this one again and holding ctrl down i'm going to move my mouse side to side if you hold ctrl down it keeps it level with where you're moving it that way you know that they're in the right place we'll now duplicate the smaller window and move it just drop it somewhere in between the two larger ones so there we are there's the basis now if we look in here the gap between the windows is around about the same as the width of the larger window so again i'm just wanting general representation so what we'll do is we'll duplicate the larger window color in a different colors to keep it separate in our minds so we know what we're doing so now duplicate it twice drop them down there let's place the first window somewhere here and now i need to get the red one beside it somehow now we could spend a lot of time trying to arrange these very very precisely but the best way in escape to do it is to use the snapping tools the snapping tools are basically lots of different ways of getting shapes to line up with each other with the minimum of fuss what i'm going to do is i'm going to turn them all on by clicking the whole lot of these buttons down the right hand side i'll leave those few at the end unticked because we won't really use those but now as i drag the red one around you'll see that as it gets close to the blue one it jumps into place so it snaps to it that way we know that they're sticking to the red spacing rectangle so i'm going to do i'm just going to arrange them all alongside each other like that and then delete the two red rectangles so now we've got the three windows with an equal space equivalent to the width of the larger window between them we now look back to what we're working on it looks about right maybe it's still a little bit too wide obviously the proportions of the windows were a little bit different because i'm going to be using the scale glaze windows in fact i'm not actually happy with the width in there so let's try a different technique i'm going to drag this one in a little bit to reduce the overall width of the three of them and then just drag around them and select them and then i'm going to choose the align tool over here you can get that by pressing ctrl shift here or choosing object align and distribute down at the bottom select that and then choose this one here which is make horizontal gaps equal we'll click that and that basically just puts the middle one into the middle there and the gap either side is equal now that looks a lot more pleasing to my eye it looks more like what we're looking at here obviously the large one on the prototype has got this arch on top and once i build this properly i may or may not put an arch on top but i think this looks more representative of the original so what i'm going to do is i'm going to draw around them again with the tool which selects all three of them i'm going to right click and i'll click group that just puts them together so now i can drag that around as a group of three as as and when i need to now if we look there's a similar group of three up above and to either side of the central arch so they're the same size windows they've got slightly different treatments what i'm going to do i'm going to click on it once to select it i'm going to press ctrl d to duplicate it then holding ctrl down move it up now the gap between the top and the bottom is again it's about the width of the larger window so again i'm not going to be too precise i'm just going to drag it to where it looks right for now i'm going to select the pair of them press ctrl d to duplicate then holding ctrl down drag them to the right so this is now given the rough basic outline of the main windows let's now get the middle windows in place now these ones look as though they're about the same distance apart as they are in the main set so it looks like the distance between the little one and the large one is about the same as the distance between the two large ones so we'll duplicate the main window again and drag it into place give it a slightly different color i'm gonna line this one for now right on top of the small window duplicate it and drop it back on top of the big one now because we had snap enabled we now know that these are exactly the same distance apart from each other as the main bank of windows so we can drag those roughly into the right amount of place and again i'll snap it to the side of that one and then hold ctrl down and move it to the side that way i know that they're all lined up now we've got quite a big gap here between the sets of windows and the ones in the middle i'd say it's almost twice as wide as the gap between the other sets of windows so what i need to do is to get that reflected on the canvas so what i'm going to do i'm just going to draw a rectangle using the snap tool from there to there that gives me a rectangle that's the same width as the gap i'm going to color it in differently drop it down in the gap here and which is the gap between there and there and essentially i'm going to make the make it twice as wide now to do that i'm going to move things out of the way now all i need to do is duplicate that and drop it down again and i know that i've now got a gap that's twice as wide as the gap over there i can select them drop them down and get them in the right place be careful to select both groups there so they're all moving together and it snaps into place and it's as simple as that so what about the size of this opening in the arch now i could use google to measure the width of the road here and try and get exactly the right proportions but instead i'm just going to try and get it looking right because i'm using the scale glaze windows as the reference point now there's these buttresses to either side of the archway and they look to be about half the width of the width between the two big windows at the top so let's see if we can get that represented on the canvas i'm going to undo it to get these these orange rectangles back now i know that these are half the width of the what of the large gap already because you know i i measured it that way and that's how i did it so i'm going to drop it roughly in the middle and extend it using that middle arrow there and drag it up and down it makes it longer and shorter without it reflecting the rest of the measurements so by dragging this one here to the side and then using the snap to midpoint on top make it a different color you'll see what i'm talking about so we've got one there which is half the width now its right hand edge if we line up the middle bit of the pink one there we now know that that middle one the pink one is exactly in the middle and it's exactly half the width of the large gap you can see there it's snapping to the midpoint delete the orange one we now have a pink one right in the middle in the right place so that represents where that buttress would go we take a look that's that there so that buttress there is the pink bit so undo it get the orange one and the pink one back duplicate the orange one move it over there duplicate the pink one move it over there snap it into place we now have two pink ones in the middle and they represent those buttresses now using snapping we can drag another rectangle give it a different color but it does still look a little bit wide so i'm going to just select it and take off one and a bit millimeter just to make it a nice even 23 millimeters wide so now what i need to do is get this aligned to the middle of the two windows up above it and to do that it's fairly simple let's get rid of the two pink uprights we need to get this orange one right in the center now of everything else so to do that i'm going to select the bottom row and group it so i've got one row at the bottom grouped then i'm going to select the top row and group that as well so i've now got a top row the bottom row and the orange archway entrance i'm going to select them all and i'm going to just divide them to the center that just puts the orange archway into the middle of the two windows up above and it looks about right for what we're looking for so let's move on to the rest of the front of the building let's have a look here and work out where the ground is it looks to me as though the distance between the lowest windows and the ground is about the same as the distance between the top window and the bottom window so working with that then we will draw a rectangle with snapping on between the bottom of the top window and the top of the bottom window that gives us the space we drag that down to the bottom snap it to the bottom window then drag it all the way along we now have the bottom of our building and we can drag that archway down and that snaps to the bottom of the yellow rectangle that gives us about the right space for the archway and if we look at the proportions on the prototype it looks about right it's just slightly lower than the top of the lower set of windows so what about the width of the building if we have a look the distance between the outer edge of windows and the edge of the building that we can see with those drain pipes is about one and a half times the gap between the larger and the smaller windows so we'll bear that in mind and when we go over to the canvas we'll try and make that saw [Music] so as before we'll start by drawing a rectangle we'll draw it between the large and the small window that gives us the width of the gap and if we look up here it's 4.593 millimeters now i said it was around about one and a half times as wide so let's make it 6.75 millimeters wide and then we can drag that to the outer edge of the larger windows we duplicate it and drag it to that side we now have a gap on that side of the building we'll drag it up we'll use snapping like that and that is now snapped to both sides of the building so now we'll get the bottom of the building in place i'm just going to draw a rectangle of any old size underneath the orange arch there and just drag it along both ways i've snapped it to the bottom of the arch so that i know that that's the bottom of the building and i can then bring the side rectangles down and snap those to the bottom one now it looks again that the distance between the top window and the roof line is about the same as the distance between the top of the bottom set of windows and the top set of windows so bearing that in mind i'm going to use the same technique i'm going to draw a rectangle between the bottom of the top windows and the top of the bottom windows move it up to the top of there snap it on corner to corner and then simply drag it along corner to corner there so that is roughly the outline of the building that we want i'm now going to use the line tool i'm going to add a line color just of straight black i'm just going to simply draw around the four corners of the building there and what that does is that gives us a nice outline in black of the building i'll color it in red and then remove the outline i've sent that red rectangle to the back and now i'm cleaning up by deleting the yellow rectangles and that now is the outline of the building the last thing to do on the building now is to put this top bit on now i've got no idea what the correct architectural term for this thing is if you do know please put it in the comments because i would like to know rather than calling it this thing that sticks up anyway as with everything i'm going to start with some guides i'm going to draw a green rectangle of a random size at the top and then drag it into here and drag it along with snapping so that it represents the same width as between the two sets of windows i'm going to duplicate it and drag it along that side i've made sure the snapping has snapped it to the top of the building so they're all in line i'm going to draw another rectangle now of a different color again again place it at a random size and then use snapping i'm going to snap its corner to the center of the two green rectangles what that means is i know now that the width of this it's centered on the two darker windows and it goes down to about halfway between the windows and the next set which looks like what it does in real life i'm just going to choose a random size that looks about right for the height of the first of the lower bit of the thing that sticks up using a rectangle again in between the two windows i'm going to drag that up and that is that central top there that top looks about the same width as the width between the two windows let's do another rectangle and this time holding down control i'm going to use the rotation handles which means i can rotate it an exact 45 degrees and then snapping it into the center i know that is now centered now moving it to the back that is far too sharp sharpen angle so i'm just going to use the central arrow to drag it down you'll see here that snapping is causing a bit of a problem so i'm going to turn that off and now that gives me full control of where i can place that i'm going to make it a little squatter and move it up and keep playing around with it until it looks about right to my eye [Music] moving this rectangle to the back i can use the arrow to drag that down and i'm starting to get the shape about right so i'm going to turn on snapping again i'm just going to draw around the points of what i've drawn [Music] i'm going to do this bit first that gives me this shape i can then select that shape that i've just drawn color it in blue just to make it obvious and i'm going to select that rectangle that triangle shape and that rectangle and i'm going to use path union and then delete the pink shape behind it what that's done is it's giving me one solid shape which is currently this blue one that looks around about the right size for this i'll just make it a little bit squatter and move it down a little bit as well with snapping off again i could have measured this or counted bricks or something but i'm just using my own eye just to see what looks about right and i think that looks okay and now we can move on to the rest of the building i've got to do the sides and the back now if we look one side of the building in real life is slightly wider than the rest of the building i'd like to model that because i think it'll give a nice courtyard kind of look when it's against the viaduct first of all though i'm going to measure the width of the building and it's about 7.5 meters i simply divide that by 148 and it comes out at 50.67 millimeters wide in n scale so i'm gonna draw a rectangle and then i'm going to use the normal snapping tools just to snap it to the side of our building that we've drawn and i'm going to go up here and i'm going to make it a straight 50 millimeters wide feels about right to do that make sure it's snapped into place and that is going to be the side of our building [Music] i'm going to put another one on which is half this half the width that is just enables me to find out and quickly and easily work with the center when it comes to putting the roof on now i looked at this for quite a long time and i think that the thing that sticks up whatever it might be called seems to stick up to the same height as the top of the roof line so i'm going to use that as my guiding principle for when i do the roof angles the roof line does look quite shallow so i think i'm probably about right i'm going to make the top of the roof i'm going to make the ridge line the same height as the top of the blue thing so to that end i'm going to draw and hold ctrl down and draw a straight line that ensures that the line is straight and i'm going to use snapping to to bring the top of the pink rectangle which is half the width of the yellow one to the same height sometimes snapping works a bit funny and you'll see me struggling with it a little bit but i always get there in the end now i'm going to use the line tool simply to draw around this shape i'm going to snap it to the corner of the yellow one to the top of the corner of the pink one and then back down to the corner of the yellow one and finish off making a shape that's made of shape with the black outline i'm going to select it color it in orange move it to the back delete the two guideline rectangles and then take off the line and that is my corner of my building okay i'm going to duplicate that and move it to the other side again snapping ensures that it all lines up and stays perpendicular to each other but now the left hand side of the building needs to be wider than the right hand side so how we're going to do that i'm not going to measure how much wider it needs to be i'm essentially going to make it wide enough so that the extended bit of roof comes down to around about the top of the top set of windows now i'm going to use snapping to draw a line across this bit of the roof line and the nice thing about diagonal lines is you can just make them bigger and they'll keep their exact angle so essentially just using the tools i've just pulled it out to make it a little bit bigger i'm going to draw a guideline with snapping from the top of the blue top windows and along to the left and essentially where those two lines cross is where i want the roof line to be extended to i'm going to use another rectangle just to help me and the reason i do that is it just makes the snapping a little bit easier i'm going to snap that rectangle to the intersection you can see sometimes that the snapping does behave strangely particularly with rectangles so i find if you turn this one off it works a lot easier so you can turn that off and then turn it back on again later on so i'm going to delete the two black lines that i used as guides and that gives me a much cleaner area on which to snap my way around so i'm going to snap my way around the edges i'm going to snap straight down to that corner there [Music] down to the bottom and along back to where i started and if you double click at the end that finishes the shape so that new shape i'm going to color in a different color and remove the lines and that is the shape and i can remove the orange guidelines now so i'm getting this that gives me a left hand side of the building which goes deeper than the one on the right and the roof line descends right down to the line of the top windows now the back part of the extended bit needs to go about the same or exactly the same width as the left-hand side of the building between the building edge and the arch so i've drawn a yellow rectangle using snapping to give me the basic shape i've moved it over to the end of the brown bit again using snapping and that's enabled me to draw this pink rectangle of the correct width on this side of the building so that's the back wall which takes me as far as the arch we now need the bit of the wall that does a return back to the full width of the normal building so to that end i'm going to duplicate the shorter side and pop it on top of the brown one and essentially the return piece of wall has for the same width as the amount of brown that's showing there i'm going to duplicate the yellow rectangle and using snapping i'll color it in different colors first using snapping drag it along so that's now the same width as the brown rectangle put that there next to the yellow duplicate the pink move it over using snapping different color drag it in the same process over and over again so that's the return bit of the wall which returns the wide bit of the building back to the correct width for the narrow bit all we need now is the final bit of wall and that is the width of the arch plus the bit on the right again guideline rectangle drag it into place copy the pink drag it into place drag that out and because we've used snapping we don't need to worry about measurements we don't need to worry about measuring the whole thing we know that this building is now the full width and we can just double check that by making sure that those two rectangles together are the same and they are so that's it that is the initial net of the building that we're going to print out onto paper and fold it up and see how it looks on the layout we don't want to print it obviously in all these colors so what i've done is i've selected the whole thing and duplicated it and dragged it down here now i'm going to try and get it all ready for printing i'm going to ungroup everything first it makes it easier if you ungroup everything and the reason being is i want to actually cut these windows out of the red rectangle rather than just having them on top of the red rectangle so i'm going around ungrouping them all and then once i've done that i can use the difference path command to essentially take away the blue from the red and leave a hole in the red shift ctrl minus does the same so i'm going to repeat that over and over again select the red select the blue shift ctrl minus and then that leaves a hole do it for the arch as well now i want the blue bit and the red bit to be the same shape so i'm going to select both of those and use path union and that just turns into one shape so the front of the building now is one shape rather than lots of shapes on top of each other i'm going to select the whole thing fill it in white and then give it a gray outline by holding shift down and pressing the gray and i'm just going to go to the fill and stroke palette there and just make sure the width of the line is 0.2 millimeters i find that a gray line 0.2 millimeters is about the right size for when we're printing it makes it easy enough to cut but it's not so wide that it impinges on the whole design especially when you've started to get brick textures and things like that now i'm dragging this down to the print area and you can see it's far too long so we're gonna have to split it into two bits oh look i've left that bit is two separate shapes that needs to be one so i'll just union that as well okay so what i'm going to do i'm going to select the whole thing and move it around a little bit what we need to do is split it into two so i'm going to select this bit [Music] click group do the same for this bit click group then i'm going to select both groups and rotate them here by 90 degrees if we then see that fits perfectly onto the sheet of a4 paper so we're almost done all we need now is somewhere to be able to glue the two parts together so i'm going to add a little flap and that flap is you guessed it just going to be a rectangle so let's draw a rectangle we'll use snapping so it snaps to the edges of the building like this i often find it's easier sometimes to use the corner handle i do have trouble with snapping rectangles sometimes i have to turn these four off and then it starts to work i'm not sure why it does that i'm not sure if it's a bug or if there's a reason for a lightening escape but do watch out for it so i'm going to pull the edges in a little bit to do that i need to turn the rectangle into a path so i use path object to path that turns the rectangle into a shape with four corners which you can then use the node tool there to drag it in a little bit and i do that on both sides that just gives a nice little flap that i can apply glue to when i'm sticking the whole thing together once i've done that i can duplicate that shape by ctrl d drag it out of the way and flip it along its horizontal axis and then pop it at the other end so now the back of the building has got two flaps on the end which will be perfect for gluing together to the main part now all i need to do is print this out cut it fold it and stick it and see what it looks like on the layout so the mock-up is complete it fits really nicely in the gap it's perfect width more by accident than design i didn't actually measure the gap when i was working i just worked on the basics of the windows so that was a happy coincidence more than anything else um i've decided that i'd like the extension bit that sticks off the end to be on the other side because i think it would look good to have a kind of a courtyard here between the extended bit of the building and the viaduct i think that would look good and i also made an obvious mistake in that the bit that returns here i didn't bring back up to the correct height of the wall so this rear wall here is too small i need to have an upward bit on this bit of return so so that's easy to do obviously i also didn't take into consideration yet that it's going to be up at road level and the ground is going to be slow going slightly up towards the back but it's a really successful first build i think the proportions look good i think the building looks good it's exactly as the i think it's got the feel that i was looking for so i'm really happy with it so i'm now going to progress on to the second stage and that will be in the next part of this video which i'll be posting in two or three weeks time that video will show the obvious next step which is to fix the errors and then build a mock-up out of cereal packet this is just basically a conflict packet and folded in the same way but it goes in nicely and it's exactly what i want so that's what i'll be showing you in the next episode and then from there we'll go into the build itself so i hope this is of some use um please add any comments especially if you've got any questions or if anything didn't make sense and also please tell me what this bit that sticks up is cause i've got no idea i don't want to have to keep calling it the blue sticky up bit so thanks for watching and i'll see you next time

Channel: Chandwell

Views: 5,748

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Id: TNkD885bPSc

Length: 33min 0sec (1980 seconds)

Published: Sun Aug 23 2020