How to Read Blueprints and Shop Drawings with Weld Symbols

hey oh you cool cats and kittens welcome back to wall comps today we're gonna talk about blueprints and shop drawings before we do that we want to go ahead and take a moment to thank today's sponsor which is Skillshare Skillshare is an online community for creative people who get together and they want to learn more interesting skills and kind of take the next step in their creative journey there's all kinds of classes on there that you could take such as underwater basket-weaving or photography video freelancing all kinds of stuff for those of you that are staying at home right now don't have a whole lot to do now is a great time to learn the new skills so that when you get back into the market you become more employable the first 1000 of our viewers to click on the link below is gonna get two month free trial Thank You Skillshare for sponsoring today's video all right guys let's get into it I'm Ron Burgundy okay so here's a typical print that we have here just for a random widget that we're gonna go ahead and construct this but before we do that we have to figure out how big each part is the shape of each piece and then where they're all actually going to go now we all understand our welding symbols because we did a previous video on that just make sure you go back and check those out we'll get into that a little bit later first thing we want to look at is right here this is called an isometric drawing okay it's usually set at about a 30-degree offset and as a 3d representation of the part typically you won't have this in a shop drawing or a set of blueprints for some reason they tend to leave that out and we are left with what's called orthographic projection and that is these three parts right here now usually on a set of prints this the top part is always up here that makes sense right because it's top this is the bird's eye view of the object this is called the front view and it has the greatest amount of detail see it shows the most amount of information that we have to learn about our part like I said this is typically not here so we don't have that 3d representation so what does that do is is look at this in the in the flat position you know it's where you only see one side or the other at a time and kind of build that 3d model in our head and you can do it it just takes a little bit of time you have to learn how to look at these objects okay and then this one over here is called the right side view so that means we took that object and literally rotate it to the right and now we are looking at it in this direction okay so this is the right side view let's go over some of the lines there's some basic lines on here object lines are gonna be these bold lines right that's basically the outer perimeter of the shape that we're gonna be working with so most of stuff on here is plate so you can see these hard black lines here are our object lines case that is the the edge of the piece that we're gonna be working on next up we have hidden lines now these are lines that we can't see so it's almost as if we have x-ray vision and now we're available to see so right here is a hidden line this hidden line is directly in line with the edge of this piece that's gonna go here on the bottom same thing here I have some hidden lines in this area as well as here okay so I can tell that this is a hidden line so there's obviously some sort of through-hole but I don't know the shape of that hole but if I turn it to the right hand side I can see that that in fact is a one-inch diameter circle okay so those are our hidden lines next we have our extension lines and dimension lines now the extension lines go right off of our object lines okay they're usually offset by about a sixteenth of an inch and they tie right into our dimension lines or dimension lines tell us exactly how long or wide or thick that piece is going to be so we have our extension lines that's just an extension of the object the extension lines should never touch the object lines because then it's part of the object so we don't want that you'll notice that there's a gap in between all of those but these are our dimension lines so we have some up here across here down here other parts of the blueprints we have or other parts the prints or shop drawings we have what's known as notes notes are usually in the upper right hand corner or in the right hand side of the drawing and it's just some things that we want to consider as we're going through to build this so for instance note number one all dimensions US customary unless otherwise specified the material is going to be 3/8 thick plain carbon steel materials so on and so forth all right here is important because we're gonna get into this in here in a minute the welder shall prepare a bill of materials and US customary units of measurement prior to cutting so we're gonna go ahead I already have that done but this is called the Bill of Materials and this can either be down in this area or the far upper right hand corner depending on who's drawing the the prints down here in the right hand side or usually across the bottom we have the title block the title block is going to give us dimensions and tolerances it's gonna let us know the revision dates if there was anything updated on this set of prints your revision dates are gonna be on here if it's signed and sealed by an engineer that's gonna be on there along with the engineered stamps so you'll have a sealed set of documents so these are legally binding construction documents once they get that seal on there and that's the way you have to perform the way that it's laid out and drawn you have to perform to those specifications and then there's usually a title what project are we working on so this one's called entry weld workmanship qualification and then there's usually a page number and a drawing number down at the bottom right-hand side and then here we have scale scale on this is one to two we're not going to worry about scale because I don't work off of scales because I have to my dimensions on here most of the time you're gonna see these prints you're gonna have something down here where it says scale and it's gonna say MTS that means not the scale throughout my entire construction experience I've never used well I take that back I've only used scale drawings a couple of times because pretty much everything is dimensions we don't have to scale anything anymore but scaling just means it's not full-size so obviously take for instance this one dimension line right here tells me that that's eight inches sorry fellas that's not eight inches okay so this is not to scale so what we're gonna do is we're gonna go through build our building materials so we have item numbers or piece marks or I'm sorry we have item numbers what number these are going to be part numbers so we can actually label each part so when they when they go to assembly we'll know which piece is going to what spot a description so Part A for instance 3/8 by 6 by 8 inches mild steel a 36 and there's going to be one of those because this is our quantity so anytime we have more than one that's gonna be listed in here as well if we're going to go ahead and develop a bill of materials we'll kind of go through what a shop drawing with like let's start off with item number one and that's going to be part 1a so we'll go ahead and draw that out okay so part number one is telling me is 8 inches long because I'm looking at right here this tells this indication here is part number 1 I'm just gonna follow the object line all the way around engineer kind of made a mistake right here this should be a hidden line because I shouldn't see the seam where these two pieces are together so part number one goes all the way to here to here so that's 8 inches so I know that that part is 8 inches long now it doesn't tell me the width because I don't have depth here so I actually have to look at my top view which is up here and it tells me the depth of piece number one is going to be 6 inches so this is just a plate six inches wide eight inches long and as we read the notes it's gonna be 3/8 thick material all right so this this is the piece we've already cut out so this is this would be the top view okay front view and then if I rotated it right side view so that's just three ways to look at one plate so you can start to see how you develop a 3d image of this in your head so that's once again that's top view lay that back 90 degrees front view rotate at 90 degrees in right side view let's move on to piece number two we'll just do a couple of these so you get the basic concept and then we'll get into the fancy stuff so now we actually have to do a little bit of math to figure out the dimensions of piece number two because it doesn't dimension this out and this is very common in a set of prints not to have everything dimensioned out so I need to figure out the width of this piece so in order to do that I have to follow some clues right I know that overall this piece from end to end is 11 inches well then I have to come down here that that tells me my edge of my piece is right here so there's a two inch offset right here so I just take my 11 subtract 2 that's gonna give me 9 okay so from the end of this plate to the end of part number 2 is 9 inches but this right here this 5 inch dimension tells me the left side of my plate so now I can deduce that from this point here which is 5 inches over to this point here which is nine inches is four inches so that plate is four inches wide how long is it got to go back up to my top view six inches long okay so we're all good there so this part number two is going to be six figured out the math on this it's four inches here we have part number two okay four inches wide six inches long 3/8 thick so if we look at it from the top looking down bird's-eye view that's the top view okay we can actually see the whole plate for the most part rotate it down to the front that's where I get that four inch width right side view now this piece is six inches okay so when we go over here even though this piece isn't dimensioned I know that it is six inches because I have a hard stop here and up here it tells me that these plates right here are six inches so they're not typically going to dimension the same part several times they're only going to give you the dimension you need one time to kind of give you some clarity just so you don't have numbers all over the page okay so that's part number two part number three and four you're gonna find those dimensions the exact same way this one right here is just two by six nothing special about that we're gonna get into how to detail that part out here in a moment and then part number three same thing we don't have to worry about that you're gonna find those dimensions the same exact way you found the rest of them you have enough information in here to do your math and figure out exactly how tall piece number three is right because we already know it's six inches tall and we just subtract two inches so it's gonna be four inches up to this mark right here same thing with our width we're given six inches here so that's how you find the dimensions piece number three once again it's just a flat plate nothing special about it we'll we'll check out the welding symbols here in a minute to figure out exactly how to detail everything let's move on to part number five all right so moving on to piece number five okay I don't have any high Stu mentions but here's the outline of part number five okay it's kind of got like an L shape to it but I don't know how tall it is because it's not depicted here on the front view and I can't see heights on my top view so now I have to resort to my right side view so if I look over to the right side view it tells me that overall it's six inches tall and then I have a an object line right here so what could that be that's not a hidden line that's an object line if I look back over here I can see where it's cut out so this object line that we're looking at on the right side view is this line right here okay now if you notice if you drew a straight line from here to here all the way across that's where that mark is hitting right here okay so I have an overall height of six inches I have a width we need to figure out the width that's pretty simple because if I go from here to here it doesn't tell me exactly what it is but it tells me that it's 11 minus six so that's five inches wide right you just take six minus eleven boom I'm at five so now I figured out that part number five is five inches wide six inches tall I come down two inches come in two inches and go straight down so when I cut it out that's piece number five so a top view would be right here I can see my my dotted line so there's gonna be a dotted line right in here that's my hidden line that's showing the object line right here in the back it's rotated you can't see that hidden line but it tells me something's back here it's not a full plate right because I have that hidden line right in this area and when I rotate it to the front view that shows me exactly what it is right here and then when I go to my right side view that's where this hidden line is so this hidden line right here is actually the edge of that plate so that's part number five okay so now we're on to part number six right here remember we have the hidden lines in here but to figure out exactly what's going on I have a object line two hidden lines so I know that there's some sort of something's missing here right some things I can't tell the whole story so I look at my right side view this tells me that it is a one inch circle okay so I know I have a one inch circle in here well how do we draw this how do we figure that out how do we figure out the dimensions of this piece well I go over here to my right hand side view I know that from here to here because of my top view is six inches so this whole piece is six inches wide and then I'm coming in 1/2 inch so the width of this is going to be five and a half okay so I know I have a five and a half width now and then I have to figure out what my overall height is gonna be alright so to figure out the height I'm piece number six I know that this is six inches overall and I have a half inch offset right here and it says typ now T YP is a standard abbreviation for typical that means everywhere we're where you see this that's going to apply this situation right here so it's a half inch in here and a half inch in here so now I know I'm down to five and a half inches I know that both of these plates are 3/8 thick if I add those together them at 3/4 so if I subtract 6 - the two three-eighths plates and then that 1/2 inch offset I'm left with four and three quarters of an inch height come in on both sides three quarters of an inch typical so that means three quarters of an inch here three quarters of an inch here and then I just strike those two lines together and I end up with piece number six so once again here is my top view I can see the hidden lines which is the edges of those that circle in there that I can't really see if I'm doing the bird's eye view rotate it down to the front okay I would have hidden lines here and here and then my object line which is shown here so hidden line hidden line for the circle and then object line right here and then a right side view okay so that pretty much shows me everything I need to know okay so now that we have our bill of materials built we went ahead and cut out all the pieces and typically what I do is I'll just kind of sketch everything out I'll draw it out just like we did over here I'll draw each piece out make sure the dimensions are correct go ahead cut them out do any you know clean off deburr all that good stuff now what we have to do is we have to start prepping the materials because there's a lot of beveling that has to go on here so the first thing I'm going to do is I'm going to start off with item number one or piece one that is our 6 by 8 plate and if I look at this print right here tells me that there's a 45 degree bevel now I'm gonna go out on a limb here and say once again the engineer screwed up we all know our welding symbols we should have a material brake line or brake line right here telling us that that's the material that we need to prep so on that long edge of part number one I'm just gonna bevel this 45 degrees and face it down because I have the vertical pieces that are going to sit here and I'm going to put a grooved weld in here one side is going to be beveled 45 degrees the other pieces are just going to match up square so part number one is a 45-degree bevel all along the entire backside of it that's from here to here because of what this welding symbol right here tells me piece number two doesn't look like it gets any beveling whatsoever this is part number two here again that's my isometric it's not going to be in there but I do have some weld symbols that I need to pay attention to I'm getting some quarter-inch Filat welds two inches on four inches so these are going to be staggered uniformly staggered part number three right here that's just gonna be a square plate but I do have some beveling that has to take place here and I know that because I'm looking at this part right here now that's going to be a single V but groove or single V but joint 45 degrees so the backside of part number three has to be beveled twenty-two and a half degrees so we'll get that beveled as well part number five is this side right here so this thing right here needs to have the matching 22 and a half degree bevel to meet up with part number three let's go ahead we'll start hitting up cleaning all these up get them beveled and get them prepped to weld and then I'll show you guys some tricks how to do lay out and get the material cleaned up so we can go ahead and weld it together alright guys so what we're gonna do with this I'm just gonna go ahead and take the victor grain got it on the grinder I'm gonna go ahead and knock this down I'm gonna try and hit a 45 degree angle and just get it pretty close try to maintain that hard edge so we don't have any gaps in there and just strip this back we'll go through each piece take care of all the beveling and then we'll do some layout and then material cleanup so that we can get ready for well [Music] all right so we got our 45-degree bubble on this piece let's go ahead and prep up the remaining pieces piece three and five and four are all gonna be part of the same weld seam and we know that it's a 45-degree angle so what I'm going to do is I'm just going to lay piece number three and four side by side double those at 22 and a half at the same time and then I'll do the backside of piece number five as well and we will put that's this means it goes on the other side so this is going to be on the side facing us so it'll be on the inside here okay so we're going to go ahead get that stuff prepped up [Music] so as you can see I have pieces a 1 3 4 5 1 is actually going to sit on top of these okay so as you're looking at it you're kind of looking at it from the front view but everything's in line here so I'm just gonna lay everything out where I need to take off all the mill scale to where I can weld all this stuff up and then I've done my material preparation correctly prior to welding I also want to figure out where piece number six is going to go I know it's going to be somewhere in here so if I look at the print it tells me it's going to be offset from the edge of plate number five three point eight one one inches which equates to three and thirteen sixteen so I'm going to measure over three and thirteen sixteenths come down from this top edge that specified distance of a half-inch right so I'm going to come down a half down a half-inch from here three and 3/16 in make a square mark and what I'm going to do is I'm going to Center punch where I'm going to make my marks and Center punch those because I only need to take off as much mill scale as the weld is gonna require I don't want to waste the time of taking mill scale off everything okay unless you can get all your parts bead blasted then you can skip this step but for this part I'm gonna go ahead and just lay out the areas where I'm gonna put everything together I can take the mill scale off my marks will still be left there and then I can do the final assembly another thing I have to do is figure out where piece number two goes now that I know that piece number two down here that left hand edge is going to be five inches off the far left hand edge of plate number one so I'm going to measure in five inches so that's from here measure in five inches that's gonna be the left-hand side of this plate I'll Center punch that get everything cleaned up because remember we have our stitch wells that we're gonna put in here are our intermittent fill it welds so let's go ahead and do that I'll measure that three and thirteen sixteenths in so this what I already have set up here on this combination square so I'm gonna just make a mark here that's where my plates gonna go so here's my top there's that right hand side this piece is gonna sit just like that if everything's correct I should have three quarters of an inch right down here and nailed it so we're all good we're tracking go ahead senator punch these so I'm going to take that four and three quarters plus that half inch distance right here that gives me five and a quarter so I'm going to measure down five and one eight five and 1/4 just make me a little tick mark and I'm going to Center points that Center punch that part as well so to figure out where we're gonna go with plate number two I'm going to do that five inch offset right quick so now I know exactly where piece number two goes and get rid of the mill scale so now I'm just gonna kind of this is what I do might help some of you guys out I know that I want to take my mill scale off it right here I'm gonna take it off this edge over here this just prevents me from wasting too much time grinding and then I'm gonna go right in through here take off about an inch same thing with this this piece here get weld on both sides so I'm just gonna take off all this this area is not getting welded here so there's no point taking that off and then I know that right up here on my bevels I'm gonna take all that stuff off as well and then I'll go ahead and pull it off the back too so now as you go through and kind of tack everything together so I have this at my five inch mark I'm flushed down here so I'm gonna go ahead tack that in because I can lift this as one piece and then I'll get a couple tacks on these so they don't go anywhere get this guy where he's supposed to go keep carrying on alright so going through this print there's one thing I didn't anticipate come on down here now when I put this together see I have this groove weld in here once I put this plate into its final resting place I won't be able to do that with that groove weld teeter-tottering and I can't tack this all together because I'm gonna miss you know three-quarters of an inch of weld so I'm gonna go ahead clamp this to the table run the groove weld I'll take that Victor grain knock that three-quarter inch down flat and then I'll be able to do that final assembly to be able to get everything else tacked up and ready to go okay so as you can see I went ahead I just did that first inch in the quarter I run that whole thing I'm probably gonna turn this thing into a banana so just did that first a little bit I'm gonna knock that back off with that Victor green then I'll be able to tack this on there once I'll be able to get this in there and this is actually gonna help stiffen that plate up all right so I went ahead I got that cleaned out and then I noticed I didn't take enough of the mill scale off over here so I got that cleaned up you can go ahead and put this in place get it tacked up to where it's not gonna move anywhere and then we can start doing some well doubt today all right so now we just have the welding symbols to worry about so we have a couple of groove welds to fill in and then we get a quarter-inch weld on both sides on this this piece top and bottom so we'll catch all four of these quarter inch and then we have the quarter inch two on four centers now this is a six inch wide plate so if I put two inches at the front two inches at the back they're going to be two inch welds at four inches on center so that one's pretty simple so we'll go ahead and knock that out tie everything in and we should be good to go all right so we got it all welded out everything's good so again you know just go through check out your bill of materials if you don't have one develop one for yourself make sure you cut everything out according to specs get all your bevels in there do your prep work try that little trick I showed you with Center punching all your marks and then you can go back and take off all your mill scale or you know prep your material whatever the case may be get everything tacked up kind of figure out your sequence operations like that one groove weld that was uh that was gonna screw me up because I didn't anticipate that I should I should have saw that but when I went to assemble it I noticed hey if I put that together I'm gonna miss 3/4 inches of that groove weld and I'll never be able to get back so I had to make that groove weld before I did the final assembly so just kind of take some of that into consideration the only way to get good at blueprint reading is to continue building them check out Skillshare see if they have any videos on there on different print reading methods you can go through and check out their library there should be some other stuff in there pick you up a book on how to weld detailed drawings that is a great book it's good reference material you know go through the additional lines because there's more lines than what we just covered here it's fam lines short lines brake lines there's a whole menagerie of stuff so this is just like an introductory video to how to read blueprints and shop drawings covered the basics so you guys should have a pretty good understanding how to assemble small parts and objects hope this video helps you guys appreciate you watching don't forget to Like and subscribe and until next time make it real better than your last

Channel: Weld.com

Views: 176,978

Keywords: weld, weld symbols, welding, how to weld, learn how to weld, how to read blueprints, how to read blueprints for welding, how to read blueprints for fabrication, learn how to read blueprints, blueprint reading, blueprints, welding blueprints, fabrication blueprints, blueprint reading for welders, blueprint reading for welders and inspectors, blueprint reading for welders and fitters, welding blueprints and symbols, Welding symbols

Id: hBe_NtSuxRs

Length: 26min 28sec (1588 seconds)

Published: Fri Jun 26 2020