HOW TO MAKE A COMMON RAFTER AND RIDGE BOARD EASIEST WAY!

how's it going everybody so today we're going to be talking about is how to make a common roof rafter so let's get down to it let's pretend the building shed doghouse whatever you're planning on making is the square building just like this and let's say that you have the span of your building at 8 feet okay the span is from one side all the way to the other corner to corner of your top place that's the span the run of your building is half of that half of that is 4 feet this is where we're to be concentrating on in order to make your roof rafters so in order to figure this out you have a couple of options on how you want to make the pitch of your roof the pitch of your roof could be 3 12 could be 4 12 could be 6 12 it doesn't matter what picture using the what matters the most is what you want your your gable roof to look like so the lower the number the lower the pitch of the roof the higher the number the higher the pitch of the roof so whatever you decide on using it doesn't matter just your preference what do these numbers mean 3 12 for 12 6 12 what these numbers mean is for every 12 inches the rise which is going to be right here on top of your roof the rise is going to rise up 3 inches and we're using a 3 12 pitch if we're using a 4 12 pitch the rice for every 12 inches is it a go up 4 inches pretty simple for the 6 12 lips on the way reset for the 6 12 for every 12 inches the rise is going to go up 6 inches it's pretty simple to figure that out so for feet we have 48 let's go get right on this thing 48 inches 48 inches is 4 feet you don't have to really worry about this number so much when you're looking let's let's say we're going to do a 4 12 pitch roof for 12 we're going to concentrate on a for 12 right now so let's erase all these other ones okay 4 times 4 is 16 16 inches that's going to be the rise of the middle of your roof right where the ridge board is going to be at the top of that Ridge board is going to be at 16 inches pretty simple to figure out we're not concentrating so much on the 48 inches we know that there's 4 feet we can convert this every foot goes up 4 inches so 12 inches is 1 foot so for every foot so almost think about it this way okay for every foot it's going to rise up 4 inches 4 feet 4 times 4 equals 16 convert that into inches 16 inches pretty simple okay so let's try to convert this over to a 6 12 pitch so you guys understand the difference here I'm going to take all this off let's do a 612 pitch six times four we're looking at 24 inches 24 inches is going to be the rise of this portion so basically at the peak of your roof when you start making your your gable roof and you're going to have your plywood and all that the very peak of the roof is going to be 24 inches it's pretty simple to figure out you can see that the higher the number that we're using for the pitch is going to be the higher the pitch so if you're using a 312 let's say 312 still 4 feet 3 times 12 is 12 inches 3 times 4 I'm sorry 3 times 4 is 12 inches so 12 inches or rise the top of the peak of the roof is going to be 12 inches that's pretty simple to figure out and that's how you figure that part out ok so now you're probably asking how do I put these numbers and make an actual rafter so we have our rafter square here a couple different ways we can do this I'm going to show you how to do each one you have your speed square and then we have a way to make a calculation the calculation we want to find if we know what our run-ins are run is 4 feet or 48 inches and we know what our rise is which is 16 inches let's take this out of the equation for right now the 4 feet and concentrate on it 48 inches ok the calculation that we're going to be using is a squared plus B squared equals C squared C squared is this point on the top of the peak to the corner ending corner of your top plate we don't know what C squared is until we do this calculation so what's a what's B a and B we want to find C so 16 squared plus 48 squared is going to give us C squared the way to do this is pretty simple sketch your calculator if you have a smartphone you're going to be able to figure this out on a calculator 16 times 16 equals 256 okay so I get this thing off here to 5/6 plus 48 times 48 is 2,304 add these numbers together plus 2 5 6 it's going to give you a total of 2 5 6 0 2560 now you need to take you need to find the square root of 2560 and all you have to do if you have a smartphone is flip this sideways and all this on your square root comes up on your cell phone so square root of 2560 equals fifty point five nine so what that means is from this corner to the very top plate the ending of your top plate to the outside of your roof is fifty point five nine inches now this right here seems like a lot of myths to figure out a rafter I'm going to show you guys the easiest way to figure all this out without even doing any of this now the only time that you ever really want to use this number is when you're prior to purchasing material you have your plywood at four by eight four feet by 8 feet plywood you know that forty four four feet already by our calculations is 48 inches if you're laying your plywood say this is the top of your roof here's your ridge board and you're laying your plywood sideways going this way 48 inches is going to be cut off somewhere about right here with an extra two point five nine inches left now that's not to include your fascia or the rafter tail that's on the end of your rafter so keep in mind that the only time I ever really use this number here is to figure out how much material I'm going to need a purchase before I go to the store one thing that you have to remember is the difference between a ridge board and a ridge beam here again is your shed your house let's look at this as being the front here's a little door little window and we are going to go ahead and figure out obviously this is your ridge board okay how to find the height of this so we already figured out is 16 inches on a 4 12 pitch okay now if you were to use a 3 12 pitch you can still use a ridge board anything below a 2 a 3 12 pitch say a 2 12 pitch you're going to need to use a ridge beam which basically means that these rafters are going to meet at the top and there's going to be a board underneath it that's by cold right there's your what you have to do anything below a 3 12 pitch this is now your ridge board which at one time was meeting in the middle of your rafters this is your ridge board a ridge beam goes underneath it which is when your rafters meet at the top you have a board on the bottom a beam basically ridge board ridge beam anything below a 312 pitch needs a ridge beam anything higher it's going to be a ridge board the way I remember that is easy oh it's four over which basically mean anything over the 312 or you can remember it this way beam flip that eel round to a3 anything below a 312 pitch is going to need the ridge beam so let's clean this board up a little bit and let's figure this out one more time just for a refreshment make this a little bit bigger now we have an 8 foot span one side to the other that means half of our building or our run is 4 feet from right here to right here or the nd the ending of your of the top plate we're working on tops okay if I want to do I don't know a 3 12 pitch let's say 3 times 4 12 inches the top of your peak is going to be 12 inches school for 12 4 times 4 is 16 16 inches top of the peak is going to be 16 inches let's do a 6 12 6 times 4 is 24 24 inches top of the peak is going to be 24 inches the higher your number you go on this side the higher the pitch is going to be for every foot every 12 inches it raises up 6 inches for every 12 inches on a 4 12 it's going to raise up 4 inches that's the that's the way that you calculate that to find the height of your pitch now how do we find out exactly how to make our pitch how to make the ridge board so again coming back with our house our structure whatever you're building here okay and we know that let's say on a 4 12 pitch we want to be at 16 16 inch rise okay sixteen inch rise so how do I find out how to build this say we're using a two by eight by eight or ten whatever whatever you're using it doesn't matter two by eight by let's say by ten okay the eight in the middle is the number you need to be concentrating on that is from this point to this point bottom point eight you're going to subtract from the 16 inch rise subtract your eight and that's going to bring you to eight inches okay so you know that you're going to need to make some sort of support with a 2x4 of eight inches so on top of your roof should have your ridge board at eight inches make this one looks a little bit proportioned eight inches you're going to have a support of eight inches and you're going to have two brackets on the side a little less than 8 then 16 inches so let's go about 15 inches that way you know that your plywood is going to be able to clear that if you go straight up with this with your support on both sides of your two by fours you're not gonna be able to clear this it's going to be I mean it's not going to work so you need to make sure that you go below in order for this to clear it that's basically how you make your structure just take your rise 16 inches minus the thickness of your wood from one side to the other subtract 8 inches that's going to give you 8 inches of a support that you need to put on the bottom of that ridge board same exact thing as if you were doing a 2 by 6 by 10 you know that this right here is 6 inches 16 inch rise - 6 inches is going to leave you with 10 inches this board has to be a 10 inch support okay so now how are we going to do this so what we have here is our rafter square okay what I have on here are some stair gauges you don't need these but they help out tremendously when trying to figure out exactly where your me placing your rafter what I like to do is call the step down so if you can see here I have this portion of my my blade on my rafter marked at 12 and this portion of the tongue is at the tongue this is the blade the tongue is marked at four I have my stair gauges so when I put it on it simply just places right on to that instead of having to wiggle it around and make sure I'm on four make sure I'm on 12 doesn't matter where I'm moving this at wherever I put it it's got to land right on it so you're going to start from one side okay so you can see here I have the four marked on the very top where the stair gauge is at and I have the 12 at the top of this portion where the stair gauge is that when you have those two set up on a four 12 pitch again it doesn't matter if using a 4:12 612 viewers in a 612 all you would do is make your fist for at a six if you're using it 312 you would change that for to the three but you always remain on the blade side on a 12 so we have our four 12 set up we're going to do and make our angle cut there's our marking for our four twelve okay going back to this when you have this portion set up so try not to move on me we're going to know that our twelve mark is right here we're going to move this back again okay so I apologize the tarp that was holding this door closed with rachet - it was moving all over me try to move it out of the way so let's start this again for 12:00 we have our 4 12 pitch here all we're going to do is make our mark make our market on 12 put that down back to there for 12 pitch to mark 12 we get onto the other side here so don't get in front of the camera move that down to that market again set up for 12 that's your line again mark your 12 here it is again now you got to count how many you've gone so far we know that our forefoot is this is the run of our building so one two three and they're coming out to a fourth one here okay mark you're 12 pull this down okay this right here is where our bird's mouth is going to go okay to figure out your bird's mouth now is that this is the last portion of our run of our of our run here this your four feet remember one two three four our out of our building is four feet so we want to make sure that we're going to the fourth one to make our bird's mouth so what you do is usually just go about an inch and a half up you can keep an inch and a half or you can keep about a third of the way up this is our marquee for an inch and a half get your square lining up to a ninety from that mark and right here is the cut out you're going to make for your bird's mouth now this is not where you're you don't you're not going to cut all of this you're only cutting this portion out right where the X is that that's all you're going to be cutting out for this to sit down on a piece of wood on your top plate it's going to sit down just like this okay this should be exact 90-degree angle from the top of your plate on this line right here there's your bird's mouth don't forget that you need also a rafter tail so let's go ahead and put a rafter tail on this it all depends on how far you want to go with this we can go another so you might get this thing set up here go another foot if you want it doesn't really matter all your going to make sure that you're doing is marking the 12 moving this down and there's the end of your rafter tail you could do it that way or you can make your own preferred rafter tail and a certain distance apart so let's say I want to go a 6-inch rafter tail you're leaving right here you're going to mark six inches okay all you have to do is get your square again and there's your six-inch rafter tail it doesn't matter how big you're making this just make sure that you are making an actual rafter tail and you're not cutting this portion all your cutting you have three cuts all together this cut this cut so all the way down here these two lines here and then your far ending move this over this way where this cut meets the ridge board okay so there's a couple things also that we need to touch base on so that you understand that when you make these cuts what else you need to do before you even make this cut so we're looking at four feet span a four foot span one two three four birds no Raptor tail okay for every 12 inch remember keep that in mind every 12 inch is going to be your your foot so if you're going a five foot building you're going to make five marks you're going to six foot building I'm sorry six foot run they're going to make six marks it all just depends on how far your run is remember the span is the length from one side of your top plate all the way to the other other top plate and the run is right in the middle so typically the boards are going to be using is an inch and a half okay so you have to remember that your board here this is this pretender this is your ridge board now this is a two by four okay but I don't care right now about the length of this what I care about is the thickness of the board that you're putting in we're looking at an inch and a half board here in order for you to make this fit perfectly to make this they're edge of your of your ridge board okay so it would be like this and for this birds mouth right here to meet the end of that top plate you have to take this into consideration okay so we have an inch and a half Ridge board what you need to do is take half of that half of that is three-quarters of an inch because we are no longer if this makes any sense we are no longer working on a full four foot run when you have something in the middle I don't care if you put two two by fours or two two by eights whatever you decide to put in there or three I don't care what you decide to put in there what matters is now you're no longer working with a complete four foot run you are making that you have to make you have to meet the half point and take that off of this first cut so if we're just using one piece of wood for your ridge board half of that marking is three quarters of an inch so what you need to do is get this marking here moving at three quarters of an inch you're going to eliminate this you need to take the ridge board into consideration here move this up move this up to that 3/4 of an inch and now you have your new marking here this is the marking you're going to be using to make your cut it is no longer this marking but we needed this marking to begin all our runs here all our cuts on this after you make all your markings on this side is when you finally come back to this ending and make the difference this now is going to match up perfectly and that's what's going to allow the birds mouth to meet up with the end of that top plate so again if we were using two boards for your ridge board if we're using two beams long beams across large long ridge boards and we have a thickness on each one of an inch and a half if we had to place together okay let me go get a piece of board so you can see what I'm looking okay I got another piece of piece of wood here piece of block so if for whatever reason you like the design of having you know two two boards in the middle for your ridge board and you want to be able to tie these in somehow and put a cap on the end when it reaches the outside of your gable roof you know whatever the case is it doesn't matter if you're using two boards half of that is inch and a half so you need to take that in consideration from your four foot run now is that we're losing a total we're no longer using we're not we're no longer working on a four foot run we are now working on a four foot one inch and a half okay run so you need to take an inch and a half off of this instead instead of the 3/4 you're going to take an inch and a half off your first marking you made inch-and-a-half put this back and this is going to be your new cut everything else is still going to remain the same it doesn't matter this is the last portion you have to deal with it's not knowing how thick your ridge board is okay so the same thing Falls with the speed square now I don't use the speed square for this however if this is all you have this is what you need to use so what we have here on this side is a pivot point okay we have our pivot mark right here so we know on this side we still have the same pit these line these markings here are your common rafter even says common here I'm not sure if it says it for all the speed squares but it does say it for this one you have your common rafter markings here so if I were notice this is my 4 12 pitch run right here this is Mike this is Mike this is my marking on first 4 12 pitch if I'm just out of the blue had no idea what what it would look like on the rafter square I would be moving this on a pivot point you put this on the very top of your rafter and you move it do you move this for to the top of your rafter all you do is angle it hold this pivot point angle it and you can see here the same exact marking for my 4 12 pitch same thing if you are making a 6 12 pitch if I was making a 6 12 pitch I would leave it right here leave the pivot point move this portion up to the 6 and that would be my new angle if I was making a 3 12 pitch hold it right here move it up to your 3 right on your common rafter line that would be your marking what would help in this situation is that a squared plus B squared equals C squared okay you would make your marking as if it was on the top right here and we would make our four 12 pitch run you would make your marking here from this point and I remember correctly on for 12 pitch it was fifty point five nine inches you would have your marking here you put your tape measure down the line to fifty point five nine make your marking again and you would have your bird's mouth pretty simple okay so let's put this into a little perspective here and see if this works won't we from our four twelve okay for 12 pitch move this up here's our eight at our first angle if I were to move this over to fifty point five nine which is right about a 7/8 fifty point five nine take this off get your speed square again put it at the pivot point we'll get up to four twelve make your marking well now it's time to figure out a bird's mouth right go an inch and a half up angle this off make a 90 degree angle there's our first mouth that's without using the rafter square it could be done however you want the calculations are obviously takes a little longer okay so thanks for watching the video I really hope this helped out just keep in mind doesn't matter what what picture using you can use whatever pitch you want to use make your roof whatever you want to make it look like if you want a small pitch to make it just the water run off the evil roof you know if you want a large pitch a high pitch it doesn't matter just remember the higher the number the higher the pitch 3:12 is going to be a very little pitch a 612 is going to be higher okay you can use your speed square remember if you're using your speed square all you have to remember is to get your a squared plus B squared equals C squared that's from one point of the top of your ridge board to right to the edge of your the top of your of your the top plate the end of your top plate just have to remember that very easy that way can't go wrong with that you know you'll be very accurate just make sure that once you do all that you're still taking into consideration the ridge board the thickness of that ridge board your first cut that way you make sure that everything's going to fall into place rafter square awesome tool to have if you don't have one they're not that expensive I don't even believe one of these can go over $20 you know I think I bought this one for $11 that willows it has all your markings on here you have different types of rafter squares this one this physically has all these different markings to make different angles there's other videos on how to actually figure these markings out and just learn about your Raptors square if you want I mean this thing can probably be your taxes for you but um many different ways to figure this out it's not hard follow the steps remember whatever you're dealing with is if you have an 8 foot span I don't even care what span you have let's even say a 10 foot span 10 foot spend always remember you're concentrating on your run half of that is 5 feet for each step that you're going to be taking on your rafter is going to be 1 2 3 4 5 to get to your bird's mouth don't forget your rafter tail whatever just whatever length you decide you want it on if you want a large rafter tail you're going to put you're going to make yourself a larger rafter tail you want a 6 inch overhang for a rafter tail that's what you're going to make you know it doesn't matter what you decide always keep this in mind a little refresher finding your pitch for 12 4 times 5 is 20 20 inches top of the peaks going to be 20 inches it's not hard to figure this out it's very easy um doesn't require a lot you don't even need this you can have it if you want like I said the only time I ever use that a squared plus B squared equals C squared in order to find this out right here is to figure out how much material I need to buy I know that I'm going to have more than just a plush but piece of plywood 4x4 the top in order for it to meet all the way to the end I know that that calculation is going to help me out to figure out if I need more more wood or not I think I pretty much touched base on everything that I possibly can in here if you guys have any questions or comments or anything please leave them below I'll try my best to answer those for you just keep in mind could use it for you can do a rafter square to make these rafters with whatever square you want to use these for rafter square doesn't matter but you need one of these keep that in mind I need one of them up thanks for watching

Channel: Alex Quiroz

Views: 581,495

Keywords: HOW TO MAKE RAFTERS, ROOF RAFTERS, RIDGE BOARD, HEIGHT OF RIDGE BOARD, FIND YOUR RIDGE BOARD, MEASURE RAFTERS, CUT RAFTERS, MEASURE RIDGE BOARD, RIDGE BEAM, LENGTH OF RAFTERS, ROOF, ROOFING, MEASURE YOUR ROOF, PITCH, FIND PITCH OF ROOF, RAFTER, ANGLE OF RAFTER, HOW TO MEASURE ROOF, FIND A PITCH OF ROOF, 4/12 PITCH, 3/12 PITCH, 6/12 PITCH, CUTTING RAFTERS, LENGTH OF RAFTER, SPEED SQUARE, RAFTER SQUARE, USING SQUARES, COMMON RAFTER, RAFTER FOR ROOF

Id: mbxia1X-CMM

Length: 37min 7sec (2227 seconds)

Published: Thu Sep 15 2016