How to create a map using QGIS for beginners

[Music] i'm a hydrogeologist my model in life is think out of the box my name marcel my experience ground water and soil contaminations i'm the creator of jlrgb a channel of geographic information systems gis geology hydrogeology and contamination the purpose the objective the goal the intention the target the desire share my experience and acknowledge to create eight points of discussion the jail rgtv community promote the use of free and open source software a free digital society provide technical advice to environmental companies and opportunity for professional growth hello guys and welcome back to my channel today we are going to learn how to use the print layout tools to create mad compositions with quantum gis 3.12 also we are going to discuss the elements a map needs to be successfully completed the composition of a map is something very personal very subjective and each person transmit the information on a map in a unique way the technical drawer is like an artist an only good artist can create a good piece of art this piece of art has to explain a credible understandable and concise history that has to be cut in a cleanse a map is a summary of something just with a picture the question is how good are you making a summary okay let's go to do it today we are going to be working with a couple of map compositions the first one is related with a satellite image if you don't know how to get geo reference high resolution google air satellite images you can watch the video tutorial i created just hitting on the car at the top right hand corner of your screen in that tutorial you are going to learn step by step how to get google earth high resolution satellite images using only quantum gis you no longer need to use other softwares like sas planets to get geo-referenced satellite images the second composition is going to be related with a cad drawing it's going to be this one that i created previously you can also hit the card at the top right corner of your screen to learn how to create a cat drawing using exclusively quantum gis then let's go to start with the first composition i'm going to move this image here to the bottom then you can see the cut drawing on the top as you can see now let's go to take out all these better layers [Music] and now let's go to hit here in this icon new print layout enter your print layout title in this case it's going to be satellite okay and now we have a new windows for the print layout then when you click right on your mouse you can use page properties and here we are going to use the dimension for our paper in this case i'm going to use the dimension for letter and also you can choose the orientation of this paper landscape or portrait in this case we are going to use the landscape for the satellite composition now i'm going to set up a few guidelines to have the margins of the map okay then click here press to add it's going to be one centimeter then 10 millimeters here and also as you can see the line here now i'm going to do the same for the vertical ones going to add new one 10 millimeters have this one and in order to do these ones i have to check the dimensions of the paper then just copy this number here go to guides and here add a new one paste and i have to take 10 millimeters then it's going to be 69 and for the other one copy the same and paste here menus for 10 millimeter is going to be 0 5 and that's it okay we have the margins already for the map and we have to respect these margins to create a symmetrical composition okay now i'm going to save this one and i'm going to close and i'm going to show you how you can open this one again if you want to open this one just click here go to layout manager and just double click on this one because that's the name we put for the print layout okay then in this way we can keep different print layouts and we can open the documents whenever we want right but always remember before to close this these windows here just save the document okay for this composition i decided to divide the the area of the map in two parts this part is going to be for a general view of the satellite image and this one is going to be for a specific zoom relative with the work area to add a map just click this icon here select the area you want for your map that is provisional we can change later but now it's going to be something like this one then the map is going to load now let's go to click here just select this icon here select the map as you can see the map is designated here as a map one and you can take out the image or even lock the image if you want and if you go to eden properties just select the map go to hidden properties then you can put the scale here for this general view i decided to put on a scale of 5000 then just put the scale there press intro left the map a lot and now we are going to add some elements here first i want to add a frame just go down with the bar here go to frame click on the frame and then you can uh select what thickness you want looks good to see maybe this one now we are out of the map outside because if you click this option here you can move the map inside as you can see to change the view of your map [Music] but i want the map at the center approximately but if you click here you are outside and what you are moving is all the map okay all the frame not inside the map and with the most scroll wheel you can make a zoom okay but outside the map and you have this option here clicking inside you can move you can zoom inside the map but it takes a little bit of time because the satellite image is quite heavy and that's when you change here it changes the scale also as we said before we want five thousand then just click here to go outside the map and then you can see how thick is the the frame just to see again the properties of this map just click on the map and it's going to be active this area for the coordinate reference systems we don't have to change anything because the coordinates we have here in this image is the one you have at the at here is the same one okay what happens if you want to have a different coordinate systems in your print layout you can change here but in this case we want to keep the same one now let's go to add the the second map with the zoom then click this button here at the map select the area something this one is going to be a smaller because it's going to be just the zoom for our area then in this case i want a scale of 1000 and i'm going to put the gas station at the center of the image just click here to go inside the map well first i'm going to go outside make a little bit of zoom here then click here to go inside move this one a little bit leave the map a lot i will have it that you can use for example now we are not using a map one then we can lock this one because we are working on map two then it's a good habit just to lock this kind of things then i'm going to move this frame of the map over here and i'm going to add the coordinates to add the coordinates we are going to do just for the zoom area because it's the one we are going to be focused no for the general one this one is going to be just uh for a view then to add uh coordinates you have to go to grids at the grid [Music] modify grid and then we have all the options here the interval for the coordinates i want 25 meters then just right here 25 and also in this one 25 25 and you can see already the lines here you can specify what kind of line you want i want a line like this one and then you can select the color you want for your line it's going to be something great like this one that is good then to go out of this option just press here [Music] now we have to add the frame i want interior and exterior ticks this option as you can see here you can see the ticks now inside and outside now let's go to draw the coordinates now let's go to make the the configuration for the numbers here for example we don't want uh decimals then i'm going to remove it just zero then for the font just one click here and you can choose the things you want i'm going to put this one bold and i'm going to make also maybe the numbers smaller [Music] then also you can change let me check the numbers two seven for example and here you can change the distance for the coordinates from the map okay something like this one looks better maybe number two it depends on each person right here also you can change the orientation of these numbers but for me at the moment that one is good and now that's that's what i need okay and go out of the options now i'm going to put a frame just mark this one here and 0 5 to make this one the same and that's going i'm going to make this one bigger because i believe i have more room i can make this image bigger just select the image and make this one bigger something like that maybe [Music] okay and remember to keep the scale for this one that is going to be 1000 okay something like that as you can see now we are outside of the margin then let's go to make this one smaller so delete that and at the top we are good okay that one looks good and always remember to save your project if you are new in this channel and you like this kind of content consider subscribing don't forget to like share this channel with your friends if you have comments please leave them below i love to hear from you if you have any suggestion for the upcoming videos i love to hear those too together we can make the jail rgb community better bigger stronger and powerful now we are going to work on the scales of the maps let's go to start with the big one i'm going to make a box here from here to the bottom of the guideline over here i'm going to insert the scale to insert the scale just select the map you want the scale in this case is this one is map2 i'm going to select map 2 and i'm going to select this icon here to add a scale bar then mark an area here to add the skill bar then go here to item properties just make sure you have selected the scale bar then as you can see the map for this scale bar is map2 that it's okay because it's the one we want as we have two maps that one could be confusing in this map you have to make sure that this scale bar is for this map okay then here we can select the style for the skill bar i like double box then here select the units meters is good and here you can change the label for the skill bar and is good also and here we can make some modifications we are going to use the fit segment width just select this option and we are going to put a value of 25 here you can play with these numbers to make the scaled bar you won here is going to be 75 [Music] and here is going to be two then let's go to edit a little bit the numbers just go to the bottom and select uh phone and colors click here in font i'm going to use a number eight for the numbers and i'm going to put this one ball something like this now i'm going to move a little bit these numbers here then you have to go to display i made the level margin short by one now let's go to add a test just click this option here add label mark an area for the test then here put scale and for the font it's going to be bold and it's going to be number eight okay something like that we can change later if if we don't like how it looks like okay that's too close and now also we are going to add a different scale but it's going to be a numerical one then we have to go here two properties make sure this for map number two and then numeric one and as you can see now the scales change a little bit then we have to make sure that the scale is five thousand then remove the decimals and now is five thousand go again to the properties and we are going to edit a little bit these numbers that one has to be to the center and let's go to edit the font then go here to the font and it's going to be bold and number eight now i'm going to create a new square [Music] until here something like that and i'm going to make this one transparent color here transparent to make sure you can see the the thing at the bottom and now i'm going to copy this one here just go here select the test [Music] this one copy ctrl c ctrl v and select move over here and to make sure it's the same as this one we are going to use a guide here guideline it's okay it's the same then let's go to change for source and let's go to add the source for this map here select the area and this one is going to be google earth or google satellite july 9 2016. now i'm going to show you how to see the data on google earth [Music] then this one the font is going to be different something like six let's see how it looks like let's go to move over here looks good and let's go to make one more box we can copy this one now this one this one ctrl c ctrl v and let's go to move this one over here i made this one longer okay then you kind of spend the time you need to make the rectangles good that one is not good take your time right there and make sure that one also match here we are going to use this one as a template the first one is going to take longer but for the second one you have the template already completed and you have to fill just these blank spaces right this one then for this one we are going to put here a new label for this box ctrl c ctrl v ctrl set we can lock all these squares to avoid to move them just clicking here um this one this one and this one then we can move this one over here um for this label we are going to add note on notes if you add if you want to add any disclaimer in this map you can put here in notes and now i'm going to show you how you can get the date for the google earth satellite imageries let's go to flight to your area of interest in my case is the gas station to take out the label and if you click here in this icon at the bottom then you are going to get this bar with the time and then you have to look for every line is a picture okay then you have to look for the picture match with the image you have in your map okay [Music] in this case as i said is july 9 2016. this one here as you can see it's the same and you have the day here and you have also the day here imaginary date okay you have these two options maybe this one is easier okay let's go to close this one here let's go to the print layout save the project now let's go to work on the other map as you can see for example this image here can be a little bit pixel but if you press here to refresh the image it's already refresh you can refresh the image right for example here press refresh leave the the image slot like this one refresh now the image is loading as you can see the picture updates right now let's go to do this one then seller the biggest square here this one is the biggest then ctrl c ctrl v we have the square here let's go to move over here let's go to respect the dimensions from here to here and also we can make a guideline over here until here for example and let's go to fill this one with a scale as we did before then that one is going to be map one set at the map add the scale set up the area for your scale approximately this one and now we are going to keep the same configuration as this one has to be map one because that one is map one remember yeah has to be here mark one double box for these ones all these ones are good [Music] then in this case we are going to use the first option we are going to put here 20 for the height is going to be 2 then for this ply this one is going to be 1 like we did for the other one font is going to be eight [Music] and ball here let's go outside of this one and now we have to add the label ctrl c ctrl v but first let's go to move this one a little bit [Music] right there let's go to add a guideline over here [Music] and now let's go to add an extra rectangle from here to approximately here that's good to make this one transparent and let's go to adjust the new rectangle okay that one is good let's go to add again the numerical [Music] scale for map one and it's going to be numeric and that one moves a little bit then let's go to change the scale over here just for one thousand to make sure it's good yeah it's good and i'm going to lock these two to avoid to change the scale again and let's go to edit these numbers here i'm going to pass the video faster as you can see now when i try to select the scale bar it select selects the the rectangle right then you can select the rectangle and send that one to the back with this option sent to the back and then you can select that one now i'll move this one a little bit [Music] and the problem is that when it's not transparent then you have to make the big square transparent this one [Music] make this one transparent here transparent [Music] and let's go to edit this one okay that one looks good and now let's go to add a new label here ctrl c ctrl v and this label is going to be coordinate reference systems two points here and in this case you can see the coordinate reference distance here if you go here to the properties as you can see this one is our reference coordinate systems [Music] just copy this one and page over here [Music] with a new test [Music] paste and that one is going to be phone number eight okay let's go to move over here and let's go to separate like this one and you don't have to put projected because if that is utn coordinates is already projected that it's redundant and we can remove it and that's it for this box let's go to meet this one here here and that's it now we're going to make a big box for the project number title of the map and it is it but first i'm going to fix this mistake here for satellite [Music] and also save the project and i'm going to make this box bigger first move this one a little bit to do the box i'm going to pass the video faster is just adding squares according the box you want to create and it's pretty standard it's not really complicated okay let's go to do it but remember to do all the squares transparents to avoid problems okay that's the best option [Music] okay that's the box that is going to be for the logos this big box here we are going to put the name of the environmental consultant here the name of the map and here the name of the client and also the address here we are going to put the project number here the technical the drown person and the approver and here we are going to put the date of the map and here we are going to put the figure okay let's go to add all these elements but i'm going to pass the video faster because you know how to do it already it's just with the this tool here for the at level [Music] but first i'm going to make a group all these this all these squares together okay to do that one yes let's go here select all these ones click right and group okay now we have all these squares just in one group and now i'm going to add the labels [Music] okay now i'm going to add the logos to add a picture just click this option add a picture select the area and now here you can look for your file okay that's it now let's go to sync on both maps to do that one just select the first map this one but we have to unlock the map here is map 2 this one let's go to unlock then select this one go here to overviews and then add and we have to select here map one that's the one we want to sync and now as you can see this area is the same as this one let's go to edit this color let's go here [Music] upper views this one and let's go to change this one transparent and let's go to make a [Music] friend and let's go to change the the width [Music] something like this maybe a little bit less 0 0.5 i believe is good okay that's good [Music] now let's go to save the project and we are going to export the map in an image on in a pdf first let's go to export in pdf just press this icon here satellite is good pdf the format save and we don't want to mark any of these ones just this one and save okay the process is complete click here is this one here double click to open the file and uh software map and now i'm going to export as an image yes go to layout export as an image [Music] and save resolution i'm going to put 600 save and it's already complete okay it's good now we are going to talk a little bit about this map why we use these scales what we use two maps why we put a general view and a little bit of the elements of the map but i have to add also the north over here to do that one just go here add north arrow [Music] select the area over here [Music] if you go here to search directories you can select a different north in this case i'm going to choose this one here okay let's see looks good yeah [Music] and okay i'm going to export again the images but i'm going to pass the video faster [Music] first i would like to talk a little bit about the pdf as you can see this pdf has a very high resolution the big picture the resolution is really good and also for the small one uh good resolution always is really important because now people doesn't print the maps they check in a in a pdf then you want a very clear pdf with a high resolution even if we check how heavy is this file in pdf it's not really heavy as you can see 2.92 megabytes that's very low but if you want to get a pdf with this resolution the important thing is what kind of resolution you have at the satellite imagery okay in this case let's go to see that this picture is that one properties that one it's really heavy has 2.52 gigabytes that's a lot but in that way you can get a pdf with this resolution and that's really important for the scale bars i would like to mention that to add this kind of scale is always very important because just with a glance you can have an idea about the measurements of the map but if you have just a numeric one it's hard to make a visual interpretation that's the reason because for both maps we have the scale bar right to have a sense of the dimensions [Music] in the other hand the numeric scale is also really good because as you can see here it indicates that one millimeter on the map is 5000 millimeters on the reality and that's a very easy scale to understand because one millimeter in this map is five meters on reality as you can see it's not on a scale that could be 1 4 500 or 1 3 000 that could be confused to make an interpretation is one five thousand one millimeter on the map five meters on reality the same for this one it's a scale one one thousand in this case one millimeter in this map is one meter on the reality it's a thousand millimeters right and we we when we use this kind of pneumatic scales it's pretty easy to understand the map and have a better idea of the dimension then other important thing you have to add in your map is the north in general if there is north we can make the interpretation the north is always in this direction but always it's better to avoid any confusion to add the the north arrow that it's a really important thing that a lot of people forgot to add on the maps right to indicate also the source where did you get this image and what is the date that's also really important because as you can see this uh satellite imagery is from 2016 and now we are in 2020 and we can think that maybe things in this image now are different right that it's really important then to add the the real date of the picture and where is where this picture come from other important thing it's writing with the coordinates we have this image here with the coordinates and we have to specify what kind of datum we use in this case is wgs 84 and the coordinates is utm and the sun is 34 and the hemisphere is north other really important thing that make the difference between professional people and unprofessional is the logos as you can see these logos they are not pixel you know they are very clear and that's the way they have to be because a lot of maps when people add the logos the logos are very pixel uh it's very ugly to see something like that looks very unprofessional then the logos has to be vectorized to avoid this kind of uh pixel images okay and now we do want to have a then a very clear map very very minimalist where the information is clear right and that's the reason because we have a couple of images where you can have a general idea about the the location and also a zoom area where you can see very clear what is your psi work area now let's go to talk a little bit about this image and why it is important in this case the project is related with a gas station and the concern is that the contamination can be produced for this gas station because uh leak in a tank in a pipe whatever right and then we want to recognize in the big picture the potential risk for the for the different kind of soils that they are next to the gas station that is because a big picture is really important because it is going to provide you the geographical context of your site then if we add just a picture with our side we are going to miss all this information for example in this picture we can recognize a sufficient water body also we can recognize a very big green area over here also there is an industrial area over here and also all this area and the important thing is that we can recognize these all these things just with a glance on the map right it's very fast and very clear also we have all these residential area over here [Music] all this one and then all this one all this when it's residential area and i didn't make any study of the map yes with a glance you can recognize all these areas very easily and that's the advantage to have a big picture also this area is an industrial area well this one here and then with this big picture we can recognize residential areas oversight industrial area green area and also a water body and then we can have a better idea about the risk of this gas station now let's go to work on the facility map but that one is going to be very fast the second composition is going to be related with the cut drawing then we have to activate all the vector layers take out the raster image activate all vectors layers like this one and now we are going to create a new layer composition we can do from this icon over here also from here project new green layout the name for this one is we need to be cut drawing and we are going to change some properties of the page properties here is going to be for the size going to be ladder and for the orientation we are going to select this option then we are going to place the guidelines as we did previously on the other map okay guys it's already completed now we are going to copy the box from the other map and we are going to paste here then go here make sure there is anything locked for the box here is lock we have to unlock and then this rectangle here maybe for the rest is okay let's go to lock this map because i don't want to change the scale then just select the area you want to copy in this case is this one copy i'm going to paste over here [Music] okay i'm going to move all together now i'm going to bring them up with this option for the scale on this one i'm going to put 500 500 here and i'm going to adjust with this option move hidden content this scale represents that one millimeter on the map is 0.5 meters on reality okay that's 1 500. now i'm going to add the north this option here select the area where you want the north over here is good adjust a little bit select the one you want search here i'm going to change the color for black then we can see better now that one is too big i'm going to make this one smaller okay something like that is good i'm going to work on this one i'm going to add the coordinates every 20 meters changing the line [Music] now i'm going to add the coordinates for the frame i want interior and stereotics now i'm going to draw the coordinates just click this option here and adjust the parameters i don't want decimals for the phone then i'm going to add a frame that is going to be 0.5 i'm going to adjust the image remember to check the scale it's okay 500 i'm going to adjust the north [Music] inside the image [Music] now i'm going to add a small rectangle here for the scale and other information [Music] make this one transparent i'm going to add the scale we have just one map then there is you don't have to select anything here that's okay we are going to add over here and i'm going to edit the numbers then i'm going to add [Music] the nails i have to send this one to the back [Music] scale then i'm going to add an extra scale over here for the numerical one used to be numeric and i'm going to edit the numbers [Music] to align these two objects just select both of them with shift and then go this option here align to the center because it looks really good because it's taking the meters over here [Music] now i'm going to add a new rectangle make this one transparent i'm going to add one rectangle here and now i'm going to adjust the rectangles this section is going to be for the coordinate systems that i can copy from here this one ctrl c and i can copy on the other one [Music] i have to make this box bigger and now this way is going to be for the source and notes [Music] here i'm going to add that map was created digitizing information from google satellite imagery that did in july 9 2016. i added the sentence already now i'm going to change the title for this project is going to be facility map and also i'm going to change the number of the figure now i'm going to add the labels for the different elements that we can find at the gas station that can be a source of contamination but i'm going to pass the video faster it's going to be just at the label [Music] i put already all the labels as you can see for example for this area here we have the field pipes in this area we have the underground storage tank here we have the counter and separator of hydrocarbons here we have the storm water trench drain here we have the same bud for the oily west trench drain here we have the dispenser one dispenser two three four five and six here we have the store here we have the overhead canopy and here we have another storm water trench drain and this this is all the elements i decided to label and they are the more significant at the gas station i decided to put the labels here on the map because it doesn't make any sense in this case to make a legend for these elements it's better and easy to understand like this and also i decided to change the color a little bit to make the difference between the map and the labels then the next step is to export the map as a pdf to see how it looks like this name is good save this one is good and as you can see the quality of the map is really good okay these maps are completed both the satellite imagery are now the facility map but if you want to see an extra map composition relative with topographic maps you can hit on the card at the right hand corner of your screen over here thank you very much for watching this video and see you on the next one [Music] foreign

Channel: Geo RGB

Views: 5,879

Keywords: how to create a map using QGIS, QGIS print composer, QGIS contex map, print composer QGIS, map composition, Map layout QGIS, Create map layout QGIS, creating a basic map, map creation with QGIS, how to create a basic map using QGIS, Google satellite imagery QGIS, gas station contamination, download maps high resolution, how to download high resolution google earth image, very high resolution satellite image, resolution satellite image, high resolution satellite image, QGIS Map

Id: g-i1-pu195g

Length: 52min 58sec (3178 seconds)

Published: Sat Jun 06 2020