How did Veritasium get SO MUCH wrong in their katana video?! a reply

[Music] Shadow greetings I'm shad and veritasium has recently done a video on the katana that I would like to reply to both to correct some incorrect information in it and to expand a bit further on the topic in some areas which I think could do with a bit more clarification and understanding now this isn't a dig at Veritas in fact it's one of my favorite channels one of my first channels I've ever subscribed to on YouTube when I even started watching it was veritasium so they're an OG Creator makes great content this is just one of those areas where I feel I can add uh some good important information because this is definitely one of my areas of deep interest I've been studying the katana using Katana testing them out their limits their strengths weaknesses for years almost up to 8 years now um and that's in the Practical side I've had interest in sort of my whole life as you can probably tell by the channel here at shadiversity let me start off this video making very clear that the katana is absolutely one of my favorite swords I love it what I kind of try and uh correct is the sensationalization around this Sword and the misinformation because there is deep misinformation about it and it's unfortunate that some of the most lorded features of the katana are the most misunderstood and and never mentioned okay and then people kind of latch on to or OV exaggerate other features is that are either yeah it's praiseworthy but then they try it's kind of framed in such a way that it was only the you know um people of Japan or the katana that had swords made this way which absolutely wasn't the case a lot of the technology involved in how the katana was made uh was absolutely understood in the Middle East okay both in certain parts of Asia so definitely looking India and also medieval Europe and so there is this kind of misunderstanding of the technology as well as the exagger ation of its features and then missing some of the really interesting elements that do uh you know complement the sword quite impressively and I have talked about some of these features in many videos there's a video where you know my favorite things about the katana and stuff like that unfortunately there's just far more misinformation that still gets perpetuated now a lot of the information in veritasium's video is all right okay uh it's more stock standard kind of surface layer uh information about the katana uh without going super deep and that can lead to some misinterpretations or even reinforcing other uh conceptions misconceptions about the sword and so I'm going to focus primarily on the things that I can either add information to or even if there needs to be a correction and it's because the need to correct much misinformation about the katana and the fact that it gets misrepresented so much gives the impression that I don't like the katana I'm always ragging on it when no this is genuinely one of my favorite sworts I wouldn't own so many katas and this is just a few here because they're going to be pertinent to the video right if I didn't like them I absolutely love this sword and it's also an annoyance that I love other swords that either don't get enough credit where they really do deserve a lot of credit for just the genius and incredible nature of how they were made right but also how well they perform and then they get either not enough credit or actively denigrated unfairly and misrepresented um being shown to being poor and so it always seems like I'm trying to push back against the katana and promote other swords when I'm really just trying to correct the understanding and that's the purpose of me replying here and so uh the most expensive sword in the world how are they made now the katana you know there are some very expensive ones as there are expensive other swords in the world but the katana does have this Prestige because of this uh I would almost call propaganda okay some of the people that are the most active in misrepresenting the katana are actually many Japanese people because it's a pretty cool badge to be seen as you know the culture that is making the best sword in the world and I have to admit they promote that a lot not just in Pop Culture by the way in even more seemingly like academic presentations documentaries and stuff uh the people making them as well misrepresenting certain key interesting important details that you know add more context uh to re re like reveal that this is a very good sword that's very equivalent to many other swords in the world it's not the best and it has some distinct weaknesses that need to be acknowledged but when you understand those weaknesses okay it helps you appreciate certain other elements some of the best things about the katana is it's actual blade profile but it has this blade profile to overcome one of the weaknesses but that that blade profile gives a real positive result in the way it's used I've talked about this in my you know benefits of the katana the way the hilt is constructed has a really good positive uh use as well um the the edge profile and taking the full advantage of being single-edged again another really big thing and but people always latch on to other odd things about it's because it's made outfolded steel or it has a curve assisting in cutting and I've tried to debunk those misconceptions in many videos like I have a dedicated video what benefit you really get out of having a slight cuz this isn't a big curve it's barely off straight anyway so that's the preamble to to lay a foundation as we go into ver testing's video and I'm going to be stopping at the points that as I said add a bit more clarification or a correction if needed this is a video about how Japanese swords are made swords that are strong enough and sharp enough to slice a bullet in half right out of the gate we have a small issue here because it's implying that the Japanese Katana is so good because it can achieve those things with even though he doesn't say directly there's the implication that they're so good because they're achieving something exceptional that other swords are unable to achieve the Kat is so great that it can trop a bullet in half and it must be only so great because it's one of the few or only swords that can do that would no and also the sword shown in this video I like I need to know is this a traditionally made katana okay or is it made out of modern steel and other elements right uh other swords can absolutely uh trouble bullet in half depending on if also how soft the bullet is the caliber there's so many elements that come into that statement okay where in reality a traditionally made katana like if you were to make one exactly how it's period made and by the way the sword featured in this Veritas in video are not exactly how period katas were made um all right they're actually using a lot of modern shortcuts or cheats okay that help overcome some of the weaknesses that would seep into um the manufacturing process the forging process of the katana that would lead to certain weaknesses and so when they present these modern katas okay and they say that they are made in the traditional method they're actually not very good analoges to real traditionally historical made you know the traditionally made historical katas because of those those modern shortcuts and we see some in this video that they say well they do it this way you know that they use modern um air pumps instead of uh the regular foot you know Bellows uh the way that the Tara is disassembled uh the way that the iron ore was sourced and all those things are little things that they're doing modern you know conveniences that will ensure a much higher resulting sword okay give higher chances of a better quality sword at the end product where historically they did not have those luxuries okay so I traditionally made Katana put up to a bullet test most likely would not survive very well no way near to the level i showing in this video so even right out of the gate we have a pretty significant bit of and I don't think it's like purposeful misinformation like actually Derek really good guy uh very tassium they go they do try their best to present correct information I think this is just a bit of a slip okay when there's there's still a lot of information that needs to be clarified though and it's one of those perhaps you know mistakes uh without realizing that it is already structuring or framing the presentation of this video as the katana being better when the katana is great but it's actually either it's very equivalent to many other swords in history and in some cases worse and in other cases better there's so many elements and Nuance to sword construction design and performance that it's not a monolith where there is just one sword better than all the others the method of making these swords has remained virtually unchanged for hundreds of years okay uh which period of 100 years and virtual like there is a lot of traditional preservation that happens to ja which I really respect preserving tradition traditional methods uh things in fact Japan does it a lot better I wish we did more of that in the west especially for the medieval period trying to preserve traditional uh crafts I I wish I wish right but this is implying that the katana again the way that it was made was consistent through hundreds of years within the period when the actual period where it also depends on which period in Japanese history you look at during say the uh 13th 14th century and stuff there was no monolithic Universal way of making there was probably ways that were far superior than other methods but um no no like there are multiple changes in in the process okay as well as faster cheaper ways of making it like the traditional way especially the folding process takes a long time and there's many instances when you need to equip your soldiers with weapons that need to be made more affordably and faster all right there are a lot of surviving examples of Japanese swords of very low quality all right not made to nearly the stringent quality kind of standard of the traditional way and that traditional way isn't necessarily the monolithic main way that all samurai swords would always you know be made even in the times where it was more commonly adopted and so it's this whole popularization of you know because it has artistic Merit and especially for the craftsmanship and time that's required to go into it um this one seems to be popularized because it's s Ates that Craftsman angle um in it how it's being made but to say that this was the way it was made for hundreds of years within you know medieval Japan okay and it was so standardized and noat were made so well that is completely incorrect the method of making these swords has remained virtually unchanged for hundreds of years with everything done by hand cuz it is showing that these are the methods they're using in the modern day with everything done by hand but they also later in this video show they're using an automatic you know Hammer to fold and uh shape the steel which is that's not being done by hand the the sword that they're showing being made is not 100% handmade product again one of those more modern you know shortcuts that will ensure a higher quality product in the end it's much harder and takes longer um to fold steel all right uh and to shape the sword purely by hand and to get a really consistent finished result uh you'll have higher it'll you'll get a greater chance of having a better quality finished sword using that modern uh automatic uh forging Hammer they are still considered to be among the best in the world among the best in the world um I mean they are considered to be amongst the best in the world are they amongst the best there like it depends not all Katana historically will made to the Quality that they're implying or showing in this video all right this is the best of the best resulting in the best quality okay a lot of the standard stock you know Katana made had a a lot of impurities in them had funky um heat treatment and tempering on them would get damaged quite easily and they were nowhere near the you know incredible quality that they are presenting in this video uh that's the same with other parts in history but it seems like when people are representing European swords that they always represent the mid tier and when they represent Japanese swords they represent the cream of the crop the very best if you want to compare best to best you can do that I've done that many times on the channel and the best quality European STS as well as middle EAS and SS and stuff like that were crazy and in actual fact their steel quality and performances were better because a lot of them were made out of spring steel we have direct historical comp comparisons surviving examples uh just the way that the katana is traditionally made in this method does not result in a spring steel sword which means when it bends it stays bent and it has less resistance to shock and we have surviving examples of medieval swords that still have the spring temper on them Adam Savage from tested formerly Myth Busters literally went to a museum and handled one of the alexandrian um Oak shot type 18c swords and he shows the spring temper still on those swords it's amazing right so this one has the diamond cross setion gives a little more rigidity to the thrust but here's what I love all right grab it see how much Flex you have in there these were remarkably flexible we have some where if you hold it out straight it'll actually B bow a little bit on its own weight yeah so this would have still been a nasty cutter despite being um uh despite being you know having the diamond cross oh yeah feels fabulous right oh man origin this [Music] is you're right I mean the balance of this is you you could easily you have two hands but you could easily wield that with one hand very comfortably it balances quite close to the grip uh think the size of the pommel the width of the blade right at the base there and the guard really keeps sort of the mass very close to the hand great feel What's the total weight of this so that is uh 3 lb 10 oz okay which is not a lot really no not and again the pommel makes it feel much lighter because of uh the counterweight and so if you're going to just like go okay you want to compare best of the best spring steel is incredible there are examples in multiple points of European history that shows they had spring steel I mean they were making crossbow limbs out of spring steel on the regular so yes they definitely had them and in testing Spring Steel versus more traditionally made both of these katas by the way uh this one is valued at 1,500 us 1,000 us this one has folded Steel in it and this one has multi when I say multi it's not laid in folding but it has a different grade of Steel as the core and different grade of Steel on the edge and these swords even with the traditional aspects a part of them right they still are made out of more high quality modern Steel in traditional ways and comparing though these so it's really comparing craftsmanship method now not steel grade quality GS beted other ones they perform far far worse than spring steel swords made out of similar grades of Steel then we can extrapolate that to be similar results to European swords that were made out of the same different kind of methods but then both being on the same grade of Steel so now we head into the final test and both swords are still holding their own this is the wood test where basically we hit the swords really really hard on a piece of wood as hard as possible now this is a standard test that we used to review many swords but how will the Thousand Katana Fair let's find [Music] out [Music] gosh look at the chunk I was saying we not it's not deter me how much damage do to the wood yeah we're doing a lot of damage to the wood that's a lot of damage like I want to show I want to see it's it's fine it is it is it is completely fine no discernable Edge damage not not even the slightest desable thing on the end taking pron I'm going to be honest this keeps happening we need a better brace for that but we have some news have a look not only it bends one way and then bends back the other way interestingly enough after the final test the ,000 differentially hard and fold in steel katano ended up becoming bent while the long sword is still completely fine and we see other examples of that in other cultures this is not an uncommon or mysterious or um secret method that only the Japanese had okay and by the way those European swords that were made in those multi- different layered methods with different core grades of Steel would have the exact same problems that F Japanese katas which are made that way uh you want mono steel homogeneous mono good quality steel high carbon that you then temper into Mar sight and then sorry you quench into Marite and then you temper into a spring to get spring steel and then with spring steel you are operating on a whole different level and we have tested this multiple times here on the channel about the advantages of spring steel and I wasn't a favor spring Steels like we have a spring steel sword and a sword that's made with differential hardening let's see which one performs better and the spring steel ones operate on a vastly higher level and so in that sense Japanese Katana is made in this method are actually not amongst the best swords in the world they're amongst the good quality the still good quality very well made uh swords in the same level as other swords in the world but in terms of how well they perform under use there are some significant you know problems with there are great benefits in other areas like I said blade profile the way the H is constructed that is more um special to the katana you could say not unique because it's found in other swords as well but it's just that comparison again the Japanese made a weapon that was the absolute Pinnacle for their style of warfare and the materials they had at hand that is a very carefully constructed comment right there so Props to the individual who said it because to say that the katana is the Pinnacle absolute Pinnacle for their style of absolutely like cuz to say that is the absolute Pinnacle sword ever made is complete nonsense but the caveat for their style of warfare that one's debatable but then this comment Warfare and the materials they had at hand and the materials they had at hand okay okay that's the important Cav that I think a lot of people probably miss actually for the materials they had at hand the katana is a very good sword for the materials they had at hand they could actually have made a better sword with the materials they had at hand if they understood uh Superior smelting technology and forging techniques uh to result in Spring Steel a lot of modern katas okay that are made for Pure Performance and they're not after the artistic aspect by the way there is value in that artistic aspect that's why I own certain traditionally made katas cuz it is beautiful but if you want performance okay this $170 AR Katana this is sold by Romance of men and they sent it to us review and we have punished it that is look at the edge damage on this if you can see it right this is we have smashed this against armor and everything and it is held up remarkably well why it's made out of modern spring steel okay this 50 $70 sword is a superior sword in terms of performance and steel quality than these ,000 Katana right here oh and if you're interested in a functional sharp decent quality but very affordable Katana we do have an affiliate link for the romance of men Katana in the description below and this is why most Katana that are sold for performance okay are made with modern day spring steel just spring steel all right uh and if the J if Japan actually either were aware or knew how to make or could see the performance in action okay um about what how Katana would actually um perform if it was made out of spring steel I think they would have opted for that there's a reason why Japan would import certain Western um uh you know uh items because quality one of the things they imported a lot was actually armor and so you see Japanese certain Japanese suits of armor that have European breast plates on them because was made out of vastly Superior Steel and they perform better uh but I think tradition also played a part in um the methodology they adopted and didn't want to change from in terms of the way that the katana is made and and isn't necessarily CU it's actually better but it is artistically beautiful and I think that has cultural you know influence as to why they latched onto this method you know and it's become the most popular and so the statement that it was you know the Pinnacle sword that they could make for the material and meaning also I think technology they had available I disagree with but at least he has that caveat that if because there are material limitations and the reason the whole reason why the katana needs to be folded is because of the impurities in the steel we'll get to that these swords are held in such high regard that one from the 16th century has been appraised at $105 million it's a very expensive sword that looks like a uh that looks like a tachy not a katana technically you can tell by a tachy is that usually has a more predominant curve on it uh the fitting on the end as well um and also just overall length looks a bit longer than Sant katum uh so yeah that I would say that's a tachy um but you know uh things are worth what people are willing to pay for them so uh it doesn't necessarily mean that this Katana in terms of historical value materials made the impressiveness of you know what it represents for the technology time period I I would actually value uh one of the alexandrian swords that spring steel one that Adam Savage showed The Temper still on like personally I would value that much much more if I had to you know what sword i' be willing to pay more for it would be definitely that one not to say I wouldn't pay a lot for a really awesome you know historical Katan if I had the money available making it the most expensive sword ever built most expensive sword ever built one is also laced with I mean it didn't cost more materials to make in Period than a lot of other swords uh technically it is the most expensive one ever built in current value but it doesn't make it more special for what it actually is and how it was made in the shiman province of Japan there is a smelter that is lit for for only one night each year where steel is made in the same way it was only lit one night each year to me the reason why they would do that is that that creates a scarcity of the type of Steel that they're producing here which would then inflate the price and people pay through the nose for traditionally made tamahagane to make the swords so if you're wondering why you know traditionally made Katana made out of traditionally smelted tamahagane are so expensive you know they're being so restrictive in how much tamahagane is in the market that might have an effect it's not in the same way it was 1300 years ago that's not actually the case um some of the core methods um but they're using modernday fans instead of foot you know Bellows and it's not a traditional tatara that needs to be broken apart all right made out of clay which uh could affect how much heat gets trapped in the um the furnace and the iron ore that they're using uh probably probably was sifted with magnets to separate the iron or sand from other impurities these are all things that are well not mentioned in the documentary but also when um the people who are you know um making the katana or the metal in this case never really mentioned like again the fact that they're using iron or sand that was most likely sourced through Modern methods is never mentioned okay and they praise the tamahagane that is made out of these modernday smelters as being very pure this tamahagane is pure I have a piece of bloomery or tagani from Japan and this particular piece contains virtually no slag so it is fairly clean and often times they are saying it with the direct implication that tamah Haan is therefore very pure high quality high carbon steel reflecting that the traditional period tamahagane was of similar quality where no it was not tamahagane was pure highquality steel right out of the um the furnace you wouldn't need to fold it to remove those impurities veritasium does say that there are impurities in and there are a couple of good acknowledgements that don't usually get mentioned so I'm grateful for that but it's kind of statements like this that is like and it's the omission of certain facts that also imply other things now again they don't say that tamahagane is necessarily pure here he does mention that the the iron or sand is pure we'll get to that but there are other documentaries and people who promote you know um Katana that are making them usually usually say tamahan is particularly pure when it's because it was made with modern methods in the process this is not a 100% traditional way of making melting tamahagane um and resulting in the iron or Bloom that they have and by the way the method that they're doing here is bloomery smelting this is very common known throughout many cultures out history it's one of the first ways we smelted iron was with a bloomery furnace the tatara is just a very big bloomery furnace it's about the the main primary difference um and has all the same limitations that bloomery smelting has that other cultures face and they me ver mentions what some of those are in the video like doesn't fully liquefy the iron there are other implications that he doesn't mention that that results in and it does so when the tatara is presented is often presented as this particularly special highly Advanced refined way of producing high carbon steel when it was actually a very common way it's not that special it's known as the tatara method and only steel made in this way ends up in the very best Japanese swords only steel made in this way results in the very best Japanese swords uh that's because of a artificial enforcement in the markets where and it depends what you mean by best Japanese swords like if people now believe that only the best Japanese swords have tamahagane that are made in these you know traditional yet modern enhanced methods um and they restricted to that then the result thing will be that if they forged the katana out of high quality Steel in you know and did the same etching everything like that um it doesn't have the artistic aspect in it so I guess but that's that's what they would mean by best but best can also imply highest performance swords and swords made out of steel that was made this way all right in these traditional methods will not result in the highest performance swords in actual fact because they're made in these traditional methods it will result in a sword that will bend much easier than normal uh take a set easier and keep that set and will chip it has a pretty frag it can have a fragile Edge hard all right robust in a sense but when it comes up against other really hard materials it it can chip okay depending on the hardness um and so again it's these kind of unspoken implications where they say you know the the best quality Katana are only made out of this way what do you mean by best okay best in an artistic sense I could probably grant that best in a performance sense no these swords would not be the best in performance this sword right here it's a like I said $170 spring steel katana will perform better than the ones being showcased in the video that are made with this tamahagane steel um to by orders of magnitude by the way like the performance of some of these traditional Katana right are can be pretty poor when put up against serious abuse but there works of our people don't really put them up against proper abuse we do hear on shadiversity uh we tried to chop down trees with some of these swords uh just to see how much you know punishment they can take so in the veritasium video um Derek kind of goes through a process of uh primary ways I you know came about on Earth and other areas where it's most predominantly found and the limitations in Japan of the fact that um the more common ways of mining iron aren't around and it results one of the one of the ways they Source iron ore was in iron or sand and then he mentions in rivers and he says this and washed Downstream eventually they become part of the sand the Japanese noticed that because iron oxides are denser than other minerals in the sand they accumulate in places where the river changes direction or speed but then varium goes on to explain that they collected iron ores a lot from the rivers doesn't really mention that one of the other places where a lot of this iron or sand gets deposited on is on beaches uh and uh this can be a bit misleading because there is an interesting benefit that you get when you um mine or collect iron or sand along rivers where there there can be this type of sifting process which get results in sometimes you know more pure iron ore when I say pure there's still a lot of impurities in it okay and then there's the fact that if you collect it on beaches you don't have that sifting method and then there are a lot of impurities and so the implication is that the like because he doesn't mention other areas in which this iron oil was sourced that there's an implication that most iron or Source in Japan just is of a higher more pure State than other areas in which no that it actually isn't the case there are instances where this ior sand satet in Japanese but that black iron oxide okay or also known as magnetite that's uh the uh iron or sand that we're talking about here it's nothing special it's not like this unique iron or sand that is only found in Japan it's iron ore that where can make you know functional good swords depending on your smelting technology and other ways in which it's collected they deliberately created diversions in the river to increase the concentration of iron what you do is you Dam off a section of river and then you drag sand into it because iron is heavier than the other parts of the sand it is the thing that gets left behind and everything else gets washed Downstream with this method you can get iron Sands with 80% iron oxides by weight that's more concentrated than high quality Iron Ore the issue here is that yes you can get iron ore or to this level of Purity using this method but that's not guaranteed there are many instances of people collecting iron ore this way which still have a higher percentage of impurities than the most optimal outcomes which you can achieve but the main question is is how common that is is it a regular is it a standard when more commonly iron ore collected this way even though it can result in more pure iron ore not all the time nor was this the only way in which iron or sand was collected not all iron or sauce in Japan was of that quality and it also has many impurities in it like if you just to smelt that iron ore as is and not try and remove impurities you're going to result in some pretty crappy steel right you definitely need a method to get rid of them all and the smelting method that the you know um the Japanese did with the tatara more specifically does not get rid of nearly all of those impurities like no a lot gets trapped in the iror itself and since it has fewer impurities it's an excellent source material for high quality steel excellent source for high yeah that's correct but it's not the only source that's the issue if you heat up the sorry not the only common source in Japan so with the iron sand it is mixed together with water because if all right so this iron sand here is either going to be one of two two states it was either collected in a very traditional way all right which means there's going to be a lot of impurities in it all right or it was uh had some refining or sifting done and one of the real easy methods with iron or sand to just try to pull out the iron and leave a lot of the other silicat and junk is with magnets okay like you could do it with simple magnets in a plastic bag where you put the iron and then you push pull it out of it and it just falls down electromagnets is done as well and I highly suspect this iror sand has been sifted in some measure okay uh usually methods that were nowhere near available well you know yes they could find magnets but wasn't a a regular thing done in medieval Japan okay and even then there are a lot of other issues with iron ore uh that you need to deal with sulfur and phosphorus are two big issues that it doesn't seem the Japanese did and so what you notice here with the iron ore they don't mention it but I seen heard no indication of them pre-baking the iron ore and so one of the ways that you get rid of sulfur is pre-baking uh the iron ore and there are other cultures where in the in their smelting kind of areas where like all right there's a big smelter here um we find what are called baking pits these these round holes in the ground where they would just Chuck the iron in in a big fire and just pre-bake it okay that gets rid of all moisture as well which is helpful but it also Burns off sulfur and that helps prep the iron to result in much higher quality um at the end now veras they do mention that the one of the issues of the uh you know steel that comes out of the tatara is that it has sulfur still in uh because they don't pre-bake it okay and then if it hasn't been sifted you know um with either magnets or even you can even kind of pan uh gold pan way to brush off lighter material you're not not going to get rid of everything by doing that and it's a very lengthy process um it's going to have a lot of impurities in it but again if if they're claiming that the um the tamahagane is nearly pure as is as it comes out of the tatara the only way that results is if they sifted the iron ore before it goes in okay U because the Tara's bloomery furnace it does not fully liquify the iron and therefore the non-metallic in inclusion do not diffuse out of they get trapped in that kind of um it's a mass it's some it's not fully liquid but it's this kind of somewhat spongy partially liquid almost like molasses or or uh honey right it gets kind of that consistency right but that's not enough for the non-metallic in cusions to just rise to the surface on it's when you fully liquefy it right then those rise to the surface um a lot of the surface imperfections that are not already kind of ingrained and fused into the Iron Will drip to the bottom which veritasium mentions but a lot of it gets trapped in the steel itself to achieve the high temperatures required to make steel you need a strong steady supply of oxygen for hundreds of years this was provided by huge foot operated Bellows it would have taken an aroundthe clock full body effort by this part is really important because the temperature of the furnace is crucial in the quality of Steel at the end uh more of the slag especially surface slag that's not necessarily in Grain but part of right right uh has higher chances of being melted away and can drip out if you get higher temperatures and the higher temperature that you can get the iron or the higher chances that the inclusions that are diffused in it can actually either rise to the surface because there's liquification and other things so this is really important the higher temperature the better when you're trying to blow those bellows manually by foot or hand all right people get tired and they might lag and the temperature then in the uh furnace will lower and guarantee that was a common issue that they faced historically with any type of you know bloomery furnace and as a result many steel that much typ of Ste much tag comes out can result in having far greater inclusions and being you know less pure steel right as a result and many Katana would still have been made out it's still usable at steel right and many Katana were made out of that resulting in far less quality Katana historically okay and so by using modern method which is they they use you know um here right which modern you know um blowers right automatic blowers they guarantee a higher temperature uh than what they would be a to maintain manually more often and they might even be able to reach a higher temperature than they could just manually especially if they're pumping huge amounts of air in that they might be able to get the temperature so high that results in again much higher quality tamahagane from this method using modern technology right than what it was historically but more so often the steel that comes out of this process this right yeah they hold up the tamahagane they represent as being equivalent to the historical tamahagane and they say tamahagane is great quality pure steel when it is this is night and day this is nowhere close okay to what much traditional tabah hungan would have been like and so it's this misrepresentation right that that happens a lot and this isn't as a result this is not 100% traditional method of making it they're using modern cheats and shortcuts to ensure higher quality and then often times that high quality is represented as being the quality of the historical sword which is just Flatout incorrect was proper workout of stepping on these bells for 24 hours the temperature inside the smelter gets up to, 1500° C with consistent air from Modern blowers all right foot pumps people getting tired lagging and uh imperfect flow of air especially if the uh tatara is made out of clay by the way which can sometimes crumble and fall in front of the airf flow restricting um that air flow as well like in a purely traditional way maintaining that temperature consistently is so hard okay that temperature is mentioning here is only achieved because they're using a modern type of tatara and modern pumps air but even then even with this the iron ore does not fully liquefy as I mentioned just below the melting point of iron which is 1538 C so the iron being smelted isn't liquid but it's soft and malleable enough to Clump together into a big block of iron but what is is not mentioned here which I believe is a a significant oversight is that because it doesn't fully liquefy much of the non-metallic inclusions the slag gets trapped in that you know semi liquid mass of iron that is now clumping together there is a decent amount of slag that does liquefy but not the stuff that is trapped in the iron itself it's all the surface stuff around okay and then that becomes liquid and then sinks to the bottom and they can drain it out no matter how high quality the iron s is there will always be some impurities like sulfur phosphorus and silicon now see what he said implying that the iron or sand that they're using is really good high quality when that's more well it's not a universal case with all iron or sand uh sourced historically uh in Japan a lot of it could have been very impure often times was and we find that by the way people have studied historical Japan sorry historical Japanese swords and found like the historical ones have many non-metallic inclusions inside still all right they we're not dealing with greatly pure iron ore it was very impure stuff uh but is implying that even you know it was already good to begin with but you're still have to deal with sulfur phosphor and silicon oxides most likely if it was stly Source they were dealing with a lot of other inclusions as well not just these ones oxides they combine with carbon from the charcoal and melt at a lower temperature than iron so they become liquid and flow to the bottom but not the stuff that's trapped in the iron itself this is known as slag after many more hours of adding charcoal and iron sand it is time for the first removal of the slag before the first removal of slag another prayer is said this removal of slag right here again common thing with bloomery furnaces at this point in a traditional smelter the only way to get the steel out would be to break it apart again like um because traditionally it would have been like clay a clay tatara which can cause massive problems about heat retention as well as restriction of air flow if it crumbles apart and everything like that so the fact that you're using kind of looks to be l a modern day either stone or concrete right is a modern day cheat and it shouldn't be considered actually representative of you know the types of steel that medieval Japan would have been out to make with this method and what is left to show for all that hard work is a 100 kg block of steel iron and slag only around a third of this block is high enough quality to be used in Sword making a block a lump of steel iron and slag notice iron reason why it's iron is that it's a very imperfect method of Steel smelting okay uh there are is a whole heap of iron ore that didn't even get infused with carbon okay and uh steel iron and slag a lot of slag still remaining in it a lot of slags still in the actual steel itself okay and so it it's interesting the Tara method in the sense that it's a really big bloomery furnace because this uh what you know in a bloomery furnace at smaller your result is called a bloom and they kind of it gets mashed together and then folding is necessary which kind of homogenizes the it can homogenize the different grades of Steel because it always results in different grades of Steel it didn't liquefy and then it can also push out a lot of non-ic inclusions talk about that a little as well by making a much bigger one instead of just mashing all together and then homogenizing it they're able to pick out clumps of higher carbon steel versus the lower carbon steel and that's set aside and that is the tamahagane this whole thing is not tamah okay a lot of it is just going to be Iron mild steel mild carbon steel sorry so low carbon steel um medium carbon steel and then you have the high carbon steel and then then you also have some like really high carbon steel pig iron and things which is actually the tamahagane by the way the really high carbon stuff uh and in its state as is the carbon is too high to make a good functional blade uh the the folding process actually decarbonized a bit to would make it fall in the more functional range of high carbon steel but left by itself it's not the best but it is also the direct point of irrefutable proof that this is a very imperfect way of Steel smelting doesn't even liquefy at all it all is this kind of mess with different grades of Steel all over the place and by the way right I've mentioned multiple cultures did this this was a very common way of Steel smelting in medieval Europe for a good while while all right and it has all the imperfections there and if anyone from medieval Europe or the Middle East or Asia or India anywhere right was trying to inflate its Brilliance in the quality of Steel was making I would correct that just as much but it seems like the tatara and this method of making you know uh steel just gets inflated Way Beyond the Realms of what its real actual quality is and that why it always seems like I'm bashing the katana or the traditional way Katana is made him no it's because of the misinformation there like it's a really in terms of being able to make steel that can through process has resulted in really good quality swords or tools or whatever it's a very useful way of producing steel nothing against that we people use it all across the world all right I'm not dunking on it in that sense I'm pushing it back against its inflated of being something particularly special when it's not the steel is sorted by quality and carbon content which is also done by I and most of that steel right just going to be used to make tools and whatever else they need to make out of steel um and the high carbon stuff of course because there's less of it they're reserving that for not only the katana right but the edge of the katana okay um the the core and even sometimes the sides of a katana is made out of the medium carbon and even low carbon stuff and because most of it's low carbon well they use low carbon sometimes just near iron as the core of the katana which isn't necessarily a good thing people usually latch onto that as some ingenious method to make a superior sword no not necessar no no it doesn't res like if you could have a core out of a better quality steel like because you can have steel right that um cool it differently you can have differential hardening and everything that can still be a bit softer but not as bad as iron right one other reasons why they use such low Quality Steel low carbon steel is the core and stuff more likely was because that's all they had they had so little high carbon steel that they only had enough to make it on the edge all right you would get the result of a much higher quality sword by making the whole thing high carbon all right and then tempering it into a spring and make it a spring steel katana that is just a superior stronger more durable sword why didn't they do that one of the more likely reasons is they didn't have enough of it enough of the high carbon because only so little of that bloom that comes out of the tatara was actually high carbon so if they want to make the highest amount of Swords which all have really high carbon edges well they are kind of minimalizing the amount needed of that high-carbon steel for the the most amount of Swords possible and then just using the rest of the crap to make it up make up the rest it's not because it resulted in a higher quality sword it's more about utilizing the resources that you get out of this imperfect way of making steel and the limited amount of Steel they have to begin with right in the most efficient optimal way possible in the sense of making the most amount of good quality swords and so economically there's some real smart this is a very smart way of utilizing a very limited resource to produce the highest amounts of high carbon edged blades possible okay but it's not because it makes a better sword so there are things to be praised about the ingenious nature the clever nature of doing this but it's not because it was Superior for the actual function utility and durability of the sword itself this is when the forging of the sword begins then using hammers the master swordsmith flattens out the steel these these electric hammers are used okay uh I don't think this point should just be said and then brushed aside because this has significant implications on the final quality as well using an electric Hammer an automatic Hammer right uh hits faster and stronger this process of folding the steel is a crucial part in terms of the final quality of the sword uh when you heat up the um Billet of Steel in the uh in the furnace it's not liquefying but some of those non-metallic inclusions in the steel will liquefy it's melting temperature is much lower and so what you end up when it's like wi hot like this is that a bit of Steel with a lot of tiny like bubbles of liquid liquefied slag in it and so what would happen then when you hit that Billet really hard with something really solid to those liquefied elements in then it's possible to squeeze them out of the steel okay you're not going to squeeze out everything but some of the larger inclusions all right and then if you can kind of thin them out and push them to the side and you do that by folding okay and then it squishes it down even further Fold It squishes it down and so with each fold these little pockets of liquefied slag are getting squished flatter flatter flatter flatter and they're not going to be going in okay the process of hammering down pushes things out ways right when you do that and then when you fold it with each hammer down these liquefied bits of slag are getting pushed bit by bit to the edges and with enough folding you can force out some of those bits of liquid um pockets of slag that's how it can help purify the steel it C it cannot remove all the impurities by doing it I mean I wonder if you folded it like enough we're talking hundreds thousands times could you squeeze out all those impurities possibly might yeah I think might be possible but you would also render out all the carbon in in the steel as well this folding process okay heating it up and exposing it to air okay that air all right will latch onto the carbon and you know that like scale that's the surface layer of the um Iron oxidizing rusting essentially but it's a different typ um uh but it also can pull out like sparks flying off and everything like that uh you can render down a high carbon bit of Steel through forging into iron if you do it enough now it's useful that they start with very high basically pig iron okay um and pig iron is iron with a such a high content of carbon in it that's above the grade of Steel um and but then some of this forging actually pushes it back down into us the usual steel area all right so using an automatic Hammer that can hit faster and harder it's going to assist pushing out those non metallic inclusions vastly more than just doing it by hand you can only hit something so hard an automatic Hammet can hit it much much faster you can also fold the steel in at a faster rate flatten it down fold it out because uh the longer you taken the actual process of folding all right there's a chance that you might accidentally let some scale slide in and or other inclusions get caught in the fold okay so if you can do it faster with an automatic Hammer higher chances of not making mistakes basically and so using this automatic Hammer ride will result in a uh a quality of Steel for the sword that just by this process is already much much much higher chance of being vastly Superior to one done by actual hand and then presenting this sword as a 100% traditionally made sword made by hand is dishonest and it's false that's not what the period Katana would have been like if they were limited with the actual technology solely by hand not using automatic hammers using foot pumps to pump the air into the tatara and using a clay tatara and using iron or sand that was sourced in traditional way that wouldn't sifted three magnets or anything like to separated that still had a lot of those non- metallic inclusions the chances of having doing producing a much lower quality sword compared to what they're making here is vastly more the the the sword quality that would be made in the actual traditional way would have been far less than what they're making with these modern shortcuts these modern cheats essentially folding does two very important things so veryy mentions two of the advantages it's odd that he doesn't mention the purifying part because the purifying part has usually been one of the most commonly um ascribed benefits of the folding process problem is people usually go too far and say it purifies the steel resulting in a perfectly pure bit of Steel no no it just helps purify it gets rid of some of those worst inclusions can't get rid of them all but it does help okay it's odd that he doesn't even mention that but it's good that he does mention that it homogenizes those impurities first it spreads out the impurities like Silicon sulfur and phosphorus it spreads them out throughout the steel this ensures a uniform consistency without any weak points second it gives the steel a grain after folding the sword it is now reinforced in the direction that it will be hit okay so there is a direction of um like yeah it creates a pattern okay and and then those lines can be ascribed as a as a grain the problem why this the reason why this is problematic is that on a smaller level on a on a microscopic level there is also a grain in the steel this grain forms when the steel moves from certain phases from being heated up and cooled down and so when um the steel gets heated up to a certain level it adopts the ostanite phase which is literally the way the atoms kind of are arranged and when it gets cooled down the way those atoms then I I guess rest into creates a crystal structure or a grain and and you can actually like you see there there's visual representation that shows how these crystals like they grow out in like pockets and then when those crystals in growing in pockets and this is how the atoms are settling right when those Crystal structures touch it creates a grain in between those Crystal structures if we look closely at the surface of the Inc we see it's built up of many different patches the patches you see are crystal or grains of zinc here's a piece of a different metal it's been machined along one Edge you can't see any grains in this surface however if we turn it over it's quite a different story this piece of metal has been broken in half along the broken Edge you can see some of the grains from which this material is made at a number of points in the liquid metal tiny crystals begin to form and grow each Crystal grows outwards in all dire sections until it meets the surfaces of its neighboring crystals in engineering terms each fully grown crystal is called a grain all right that grain gets reset every time you heat up the steel into the tinite phase and any type of grain structure that you uh Force into a blade through forging gets taken out when you heat it up to that stage as the metal is squashed between the rollers it's being cold work let's find out what effect the cold working has on the grain structure of the aluminium the cold rolled piece of metal is the one at the top can you see the difference we seem to have changed the shape of the grains they've become elongated let's see what effect heating has on the distorted grain structure in the case of this particular metal nothing happens until the temperature reaches about 350° Centigrade now at the grain boundaries new grains begin to form these grow rapidly until a new undistorted grain structure completely replaces the old distorted one we call this process recrystallization and so there is a phase in the smithing process that they call normalizing where they will heat up a a the shape of the blade right and let it cool down naturally then heat it up and cool it down naturally and then normalizing the steel to reset the grain structure cuz sometimes the grain structure that gets put into steel when you're hammering it down like you're compressing those grain structures when you're hammering it down can be detrimental and it's far better and also can cause warps um on on the Quench and so it's far better to let the grain structure adopt its natural state depending on the speed in which you quench it then and then you can you manipulate the grain structure now sometimes you can uh strengthen Steel by compressing grain structure that's not what's happening here because they're going to reset it when they heat it up again there is the fact that certain different layers of oxidization gets trapped in the lines that creates a pattern or a grain in that sense and that's literally what um you know you know Derek veritasium says here but it seems like he's implying the uh the grain structure that you know uh appears through the layering strengthens the steel it gives the steel a grain after folding the sword it is now reinforced in the direction that it will be hit in combat when it doesn't and not when it's heated up to the tinite phase which literally is what they doing in the quench that's specifically made to reset the grain structure on the microscopic level they use steel with different carbon contents for different parts of the blade The Edge is always high carbon steel to make it hard and rigid so it can maintain a sharp edge for a long time but the spine is usually made of lower carbon steel which allows the sword to flex without breaking allows the sword to flex without breaking that that's uh a very charitable way of saying that uh it means the sword will stay bent when it bends because it's a low carbon steel especially even if you uh quench it right and try and temper it it's not going to adopt Martin site that is then tempered to have you know a spring quality um and the again the notion that having the softer core results in a superior sword is false okay it it's mainly due to limited resources of the higher carbon steel and look there is one possible you benefit out of it okay uh because they do make make the edge harder okay in terms of the the carbon content and the quenching right and it gets tempered to a lesser extent to release some of that that tension in the Martin Zite structure that um The Edge can be a bit more brittle and if you had a sword an entire sword to that level of hardness through hardened very high chance of it just snapping in two and so the way that you can prevent it from snapping in two by having a much higher harder but also fragile Edge is having that soft core and then what Derek says is accurate that as a result it uh won't snap in two when it bends he says flexes but it's not going to flex back it'll stay bent and the utility of having a really hard Edge like this is a bit of give and take it's not universally better okay we we've tested super hard edges uh against hard things right um and the result was the super hard edges was brittle yeah that's the result when it comes something too hard big chips in the blade having a blade that in that instead of chipping gets just a bit of an indent or a small little crack kind of like what the damage that you see on this sword here if you see that damage that is vastly more preferable than a big chip and so it holds its Edge really long it's still a very it's still considered a high carbon hard Edge just not as high as certain traditional katas and as as a result it's more durable and less brittle and that is preferable that type of damage on a sword is repairable having a big chunk chip out off your blade Edge is basically a ruined sword and it is also a crucial weak point for the rest of the sword to break through as well uh but it does mean it'll hold its Edge longer okay in terms of just general bluntness and has will it varies because there are different materials which will perform well against and so hot So Soft to medium materials it does really well with so that actually includes bone but also wood we have found really hard edges uh keep their Edge retention pretty darn good against wood and stuff like that uh and so for General kind of hardness materials a really hard Edge like the katana has significant results and benefits but then there's the brittleness part and usually the uh hard just a lower bit of hardness and it's not by much is still very hard retains its Edge very long and it's more durable is a much preferable uh sword construction honestly so there is that give and take though which I'll happily acknowledge that it keeps it Edge longer and can retain that edge and be more somewhat effective little bit but still more effective against denser materials but not actual like as soon as you come against metal all right with a katana and it's it's got that super hardened Edge chips expect big chips and the soft backing then will prevent vent it from snapping in two that's one of the benefits you get out of it it doesn't warranted in my opinion I still feel you get a much superior sword with a monoh hardened um through tempered sword and this idea that it was always a soft core was because it produced a superior sword is false it's actually more of an economic benefit still very smart because it means they can make more swords out of the limited high carbon steel they have than not veritasium just me mentioned the differential hardening process the clayer layering and uh to result in getting the edge Harden stronger and then this is how what he says about the the the state of the steel in different areas and so talking about um uh I I think the not necessarily the edge here but the back enters the iron lattice and since the spine of the sword is covered in thick clay it will cool slowly giving time for the carbon atoms to leave the iron Matrix this will lead to a very low carbon steel called ferite but the carbon atoms which have left the Matrix will be caught by other iron atoms and create a type of Steel known as cementite the combination of ferite and cementite is known as perlite and it's a mostly soft and ductile form of Steel okay okay there there's a lot there some problems with with with what was just said here okay peite is uh uh covers a range of of uh um carbon content in steel and uh the edge and back of the katana it'd be much more accurate just to call it low carbon steel mild steel just sometimes just ferite than peite because calling it perlite steel implies that it is steel with the perlite structure throughout which is not the case that is simply inaccurate for um steel to have mostly perlite structure within it it needs to be high carbon steel we're talking about um 8% sorry I meant to say 0.8% carbon carbon which is in the high carbon steel range this is low carbon steel on the core and usually back of the katana okay and there is perlite in it but it's actually ferite perlite steel uh again but by just calling it perlite you're implying that the whole thing has perlite structures when when you look at it under the microscope you'll see large pockets of just ferite and then pockets of perlite and perlite is that combination of the grain between the cementite and the ferite okay so you have the lines of the cementite and ferite but then they form pockets and then you just plain ferite and that's ferite pearlite structure which is what the back of the katana actually is and that is more ductile and soft pure perlite steel is high carbon and hard and and strong and so saying perlite steel is a soft grade of Steel is just it's it's incorrect like perite the the amount of or range of uh of uh steel okay that has perite structures in again goes from like really low all the way up to like 0.8% or something and here here is a graph showing the range of perite there and again really low carbon all the way up to higher carbon so perite forms the spine of the sword again saying it's just pure peite on the spine no it's actually probably a much a lower percentage of perlite structures in that Steel versus ferite structures in the steel because it's low carbon okay it'll be more ferite than perlite which is so it's yeah faite perite structure pulling it is perite is incorrect because perite in and of itself if it's just pure perlite as I mentioned is high carbon and strong in contrast the very thin layer of Cl on the blade means that it cools very rapidly so more of the carbon is trapped in the lattice this forces the lattice structure to change from cubic to tetragonal making a form of Steel known as Martin site since the trapped carbon puts stress on the lattice Martin site is incredibly hard exactly what you'd want for the edge of a sword yeah uh and uh this this is correct should also mention that it's not necessarily just because of the speed of Co cooling on the edge it's the amount of carbon in that steel as well if you cool down the back at the same speed if it had a thin layer it wouldn't form maride there there's just not enough carbon in it to achieve that it's low carbon stuff on the edge spine sorry low Carbon on the core and on the back on the edge that's yeah absolutely and Marite is is is awesome what's really awesome about Marite is then if you temper it enough at the right great okay usually heating it up to where it glows yellow it then becomes a spring and you get spring steel you can't do that with a katana because it's only Marite on that edge is then placed back in the forage to evaporate any remaining water this also provides a little bit of energy to loosen some of the crystal structures making the sword less brittle yeah like uh this is uh cuz remember it adopted the hardness because of the quenching but then if you heat up and then let it cool it down at a different rate you can get rid of that hardness completely and heating up a little bit tempering um can actually release enough of the stress to turn it a spring you don't achieve that with a katana because it's got a not only differential H but a different grade of Steel in the sword itself and it doesn't seem they want to temper it too much cuz theye like one of the you know benefits of the ker is that super hard Edge tempering can make it software it's more equivalent to many high-grade European sorts I would actually kind of prefer that because it means less chipping and The Edge ends up being a bit more durable on a Japanese sword which that that might be enough to relax things a bit but they kept the edge much harder than you would have in the west and that's true exactly what I mentioned they did Keep The Edge much harder and I wonder if it's because they were uh striking just softer targets more often and especially avoiding blade on- blade contact uh but if they're mly going to be deflecting with the back of the blade of the katana there are ways that you could avoid Edge damage a bit longer to learn how to use a Japanese sword Peter got a lesson from a master Takara takanashi he is the 10th Generation student of mamoto Musashi so during the lesson I thought I would get to use a katana but instead we spent the entire time learning how to take the blade out of its sheath and then put it back in I look I got a comment on this because this is one of my pet peeves it's the over CER ceremonial isation of Martial and sword use and for tradition's sake I see value in it for Marshal kind of practice and interest in swords just bothers the heck out of me because that guaranteed was not so stringent or strict or enforced during the main Warfare period of Samurai using Katana on the battlefield okay said it's laughable to think that all Samurai was so stringent and restricted like you better Le how to sheath and unsh the sword properly most Samurai actually were just pragmatist the the sword was a tool and if it got bent I just bend it back and they didn't put it on rever it to the level that it started to achieve after the samurai started to be less represented on the battlefield and they were using you know guns more often and stuff and and then tradition and cere ceremonial isation kind of came in but Samurai were practical soldiers and warriors back in the day they would have drawn the sword however way they felt was useful effective and that's it and then to restrict people's interests in wanting to explore the use of Swords before to they have to know how to draw an ACH that when that is also starting to misrepresent the Past it's just like you know that because the implications and this is how the samurai did it would know that there was just practicality and things were not nearly as centralized and and dogmatic as what modern martial arts might imply slice through some things amazing day we just it seems to be implying that the ease in which he chopped through you know to Tami is a result of the quality of the katana and the katana can be easy to cut with for you know inexperienced people but almost for none of the reasons they mentioned in this video okay it's more about edge geometry uh shape of sorry edge geometry structure construction of the handle as well and just if if you have a really sharp bit of steel it's easy to chop through it at tamy with really anything if it's sharp enough okay um and so this isn't anything special but they seem to be presenting it as such but it is [Applause] fun and look I've had that reaction when a sword just performs better in a cut because of mult again geometry weight easier swing sharpness stuff like that where it just Zips through and I have that WR like that is awesome that with many sorts not just the katana of course but some katas are just gorgeous and yeah they good Cutters there really is something remarkable about Japanese swords I I yes right but like to me there is things as equally remarkable about many other swords like like the whole um Damascus steel swords I have a video on that and funny that was responding to um sa show that one right very misunderstood fascinating subject European swords Chinese swords um of course my focus and bias is Medieval Europe it's my main area of love and history but I find Japanese swords incredibly intriguing why do you think I've done so much research why do you think I own so many but the idea that they are uniquely special is a pet PE like no they're really cool as well as so many other swords and then you get to like you know medieval spring steel swords that still have the tempor that are in museums just like are amazing the amount of care attention and expertise that each step requires like is this implying that the care expertise and attention was only focused so heavily on in Japan and by the way again Japan modern day Japan has a kind of like a practice of ritualizing many things when a lot of blacksmiths in the past they're not going to be praying every time they start smelting the steel and they're not restricting it to only doing it at a certain time of the year or things like that practical workers okay got a job to get done we get it done they'll put time and effort into it but there are ones that put more effort and less same within Europe they are like some of the craftsmanship in Europe Medieval Europe are insane the the the quality and just craftsmanship some of these pieces surviving pieces make me drop dead almost with how incredible they are and there's an equivalent level of care and attention that we can see in these works of art but to imply that it is uniquely better or Superior special in Japan with sword manufacturer versus other areas of the world is nonsense it's not the case from the Gathering and refining of the iron sand to the smelting to the forging do that acknowledgement that they refin the iron sand to get rid of more impurities in a modern method that they didn't do historically out I don't know and sharpening a sword each step takes so much time and skill it's incredible that all these things were discovered by trial and error to produce artifacts of such high quality that they are still prized centuries later and I think sometimes overprized because of the misinformation and inflation and culture that's kind of evolved around it and uh there's a bit of propaganda inflating the katana more than it really should and as a result they're more expensive than probably they should be as well but look it I do appreciate and love that there are many Craftsmen in Japan keeping a tradition alive I think that's brilliant but then to imply certain things that being Superior and the misinformation around it that that's annoying before I made this video I didn't really appreciate that swords can be art and I hope he extends that to many swords that are art as well cuz the katana I do believe is a work of art it is gorgeous that's actually where I think more of the value and appreciation can come from not the fact that people assume it's a superior more functional sword there there are problems with a katana there are problems with other swords as well all right uh and so you know people then think that it's so great because of it must be so good no no no like it's just a good sword but it's not the best sword in the world but the Artistry yeah I appreciate that absolutely as with many other swords to me it's a good reminder that whatever you do you should do it with deep care attention to detail and love for the craft do that enough times and you might just make something beautiful and there we go that is uh my response to the veritasium video how the most expensive swords in the world are made and uh there were some good parts but I was skipping over those focusing on the ones that I wanted to add a bit more context to you could say and unfortunately there is a decent amount of incorrect information and misinformation in it but it's one of those things where this is a this is a one of those topics that you can get lost in I've been lost my whole life where I go deeper and deeper because I want I want to know how these sord are actually made I love using them putting the test seeing how strong they are and as a result this is one of those areas where I have a bit more understanding that I love to share and also correct some of the misinformation that's out there because the katana well I think we've seen there's a lot of misinformation even in you know people who good intentions and stuff but uh hey love veritasium love what he does you know do enjoy their videos subscribe to them and all that stuff hope you subscribe here on shadiversity as you see us put these swords to the test hope to see you there and until that time there [Music] [Music] well

Channel: Shadiversity

Views: 264,948

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Id: GJZeEi-kifc

Length: 79min 13sec (4753 seconds)

Published: Fri Mar 22 2024