[Music] the net lloyd asia on the outer elbow the container ship has a load capacity of 3,600 te u @ e EU is a standard container with a length of 20 feet or 6 meters this ship can carry 3,600 such containers and is thus one of the smaller vessels trade via the internet and particularly the economic development in China led to enormous growth rates container shipping is booming efforts are made to lower transportation costs for each individual container by means of bigger and bigger ships can the Giants of the future where their increased draught continue to call up German ports will ports cope with the logistic requirements what technical problems arise when increasingly larger ships are built and what changes for the crew if you look in the past we had ships that take the amount of cargo which we take now as fuel and you see that that only the the amount of people has decreased then before we sailed on ships with with 30 or 40 people and now we sell on ships with 20 people and if you see this ship and a ship of 8,000 tu it's also 20 people the big job is the maintenance in the engine room and as the engines get bigger more cylinders you've got more maintenance more surveys to do the other thing is - with better technical innovations that the maintenance can be reduced also how big will the container ships of the future be with its 3,600 tu the Ned Lloyd Asia seems small in comparison to the 8,000 te you giant's currently being built at the moment ships having a size of 13,000 TEU are expected and within the framework of a Dutch study an 18,000 TEU vessel with a draught of 21 metres is already on the drawing board well ships of this gigantic size really be built in future the Hamburg container port is located right in front of the Blue Star shipping company blue star is a 100% subsidiary of P&O Ned Lloyd the market leader on the Europe Asia route currently construction of four of the largest container ships with 8450 teu each is planned here the Japanese shipyard carrying out the project has proposed a basic design changes in equipment to discussed at the shipping company that placed the order in this way efforts are made to optimize the ships for later operation of course the desired changes repeatedly lead to discussions with the shipyard about the work required and costs the close cooperation between the shipping company and shipyard continues throughout the entire construction period the Giants are built at the Japanese shipyard IHI marine United in Kure not far from Hiroshima there's no shipyard in Germany that could build ships of this size [Music] [Music] the Blue Star shipping company has a separate office at the shipyard for building supervision from here their staff support and monitor the construction of the ships and clarify questions that arise in direct contact with Hamburg even the construction of extremely large container ships begins with the plane delivery of steel plates a total of nearly 40,000 tons of steel goes into each ship shaped parts are cut out of the steel plates with the help of computer-controlled flame cutters and then bent if necessary according to the building hands on the assembly line the individually numbered steel plates are initially turned into small modules which are then welded together to form larger and larger units only a few workers supervised the small welding robots that make part of the altogether over 800 kilometers of welded joints the enormous preconceived blocks cannot actually be created out of the approximately 100,000 steel parts without carefully worked-out logistic planning the colossal Giants are taken to the next production station by special transport vehicles a shipyard is a workplace susceptible to accidents signs everywhere remind the workers about precautions for occupational safety to protect the steel blocks against rust they're carefully ground and subsequently sprayed with a primer this is the first of a total of five coats of paint the necessary pipe and electrical lines that will later run through the entire ship are already installed in the individual blocks around 40 kilometres of pipes and 300 kilometres of electric cables go into each ship when the colossal steel elements are finally put together in drydock the connections have to fit precisely vanna inning also has his office at the shipyard on-site he along with his small team represents gimana show Lloyd or as he says GL this is a classification and certification society that's comparable to Lloyd's Register of shipping at the shipyard earning checks aspects that are important for safety during later operation of the ship we were losing the qualitative shippers we examine the quality of the ship on the basis of approved drawings and also the safety equipment on board furthermore the welders are checked as well of course they have to take so-called welders examination then the suppliers are checked by us we carry out individual acceptance tests at these companies in addition we also work for the flag States in this case it's the country of Liberia we check the entire safety equipment in accordance with Liberian regulations see trials with what is currently the largest container ship in the world nearly 100 workers and technicians come on board for the so-called sea trials in order to test whether the ship is operational and precisely check all technical equipment the vessel leads the shipyard for the first time its towed into the bay by tag boats [Music] we thank you very much for all the representatives of the client those responsible at the shipyard and the GAO Manish alloyed staff meet to discuss the test program for the next few days while the client desires a fast and flawless ship the shipyard wants as little retouching work as possible gal Manish alloyed in turn only accepts a safe vessel with a length of three hundred and thirty-five meters the ship is longer than the Eiffel Tower in Paris and has a width of nearly 43 meters the sea trials are carried out without cargo for the measurement of the maximum speed on the other hand the value is calculated with a full load meanwhile the tugboats have taken their leave we've now left the shipyard grounds and the engine has just been started up for the first time for the sea trial now we slowly pick up speed which is also indicated by the fact that black smoke occasionally comes out of the smokestack like now the smoke then becomes more constant after a while when the ship has picked up a little more speed a roughly 40 meter shaft transmits the engine power to the propeller the 93,000 HP common-rail diesel engine with 12 cylinders is throttled down so that it generates the equivalent of around 63 thousand kilowatts in this innovative engine the fuel injection is electronically controlled the engine is thus economical environmentally friendly and can run extremely slowly a big advantage when maneuvering in the port while the engine is run in the shipyard technicians check the engine control system together with the clients technicians a number of fault messages accumulate and are analyzed to eliminate the causes [Music] the main office of gal mannish alloyed is not far away from the hamburg harbor more than half of the new container ships built are classified by this enterprise Yamuna forced works in the research and development department he advises customers regarding container ship design an even larger ship with 13,000 TEU is being designed here a simulation program calculates how the 318 meter long vessel would behave in rough seas what deformation what stress occurs in terms of the size of the propeller and engine designers have already reached the limits of what is technically feasible therefore two smaller engines each with its own propeller are to be installed next to one another traditionally the deck house is placed above the engine at the stern now we've simply shifted the deck house to the front so as to couple the hull again when the ship is in a swell the two sides of the ship have different deformation characteristics and at some point this difference becomes too large when the ship gets longer and longer so we try to build some kind of closed section into the vessel this is the deck house which we place exactly between the sidewalls as a result an empty room is created below the deck house where we cannot stow any containers so we put the fuel here this has the advantage that we also meet an ecological demand there is no fuel at all in the outer shell in other words if a collision took place with the ship no fuel would flow into the sea kind of stuff in Smith leasing [Music] in these buildings people are less concerned with the technical feasibility than with the financial viability NPC capital assumes financing of the for container Giants built in Japan to an investment volume of 320 million US dollars so called closed funds play a major role in the financing private investors acquire shares and in this way have an interest in the profits earned with the vessels indeed English net force in the same way as if an individual buy such a ship in these closed funds the financing is divided into an equity contribution and at borrowed capital share the equity contribution is paid by the investors while the Feraud capital is provided by banks these ships which were ordered in 2003 cost around 80 million US dollars of these 80 million about 60 million are financed on a long-term basis by banks here again the same principle applies but nowadays not only one bank assumes the risk but the financing risk is shared by a pool of banks and as the rule financing is provided via international consortium consortium international financier turning maneuvers between the Japanese islands the ship is tested to see how the steering system responds [Music] on the bridge the radar system is demonstrated to the clients technicians [Music] the tests on the various shipboard equipment run around the clock everyone takes care of his section and takes a break when he has time when darkness falls the entire lighting system is checked then the anchors are tested method over case okay rapid casting and hauling in of the mighty anchors is to be tested proper functioning of the anchor equipment is extremely important for safety the worker carefully releases the break the dead weight pulls the anchor deep into the water to ensure that the speed is not too high the break has to be applied repeatedly finally the anchor is hauled in this should be possible within a certain time for the vessel to be maneuverable again quickly everything is fine so far but something unforeseen happens with the second anchor the worker releases the brake too much because the anchor doesn't respond at first once again everything turned out alright if the mighty chain had raced at full speed it would have been torn out of the Anchorage and hurled across the deck via ham so now we've checked the entire anchor equipment first for proper functioning the brakes were tested and just now the hauling in speed of the chains we have to reach a speed of nine meters a minute and actually achieved 10.5 meters for us this test is now over and everything is fine in this regard the weather has changed it's raining the ship is making good headway and is slowly approaching its top speed on the bridge slight vibrations are felt although the engine has been throttled down the giant will later attain a cruising speed while loaded of 24 to 26 knots that's nearly 50 kilometers an hour the vibrations - are measured and examined precisely forty sensors are installed in different places in the deckhouse the new common-rail diesel engine proves itself since the measured vibrations are fortunately minimal after the long intensive run the engine was stopped and is now to be inspected meticulously [Music] several men climb inside the still very hot and oily engine first the enormous cylinder sleeves are examined for damage from the bottom [Music] after that the engine is opened further so the technicians can take a closer look at the gigantic connecting rods [Music] yummy oh it's so insular soon embroid started I caught up in it the voyage data recorder has just been installed in accordance with international laws in future all ships will have to transmit identification data and store data on their own and other ships movements for 24 hours this will facilitate the reconstruction of accidents at sea every cross represents a ship for which more detailed specifications can be obtained that's as much rank our warship does this when adrenaline switch meter Lancaster 1640 Schmitt upright in future the shipping company will also be able to retrieve the detailed data on speed course cargo and much more online this means it will always have a precise overview of the entire fleet after an accident this capsule could be retrieved and could then restore and play this data like a film and analyze what the cause was comparable to the black box of an aircraft the black box will later be designed as a boy that floats when the ship goes down and sends out a radio signal the ship has passed its sea trials some small subsequent improvements have to be made apart from that all those involved are satisfied the container giant is towed to the drydock for a final inspection of the outer shell [Music] in the meantime the representatives of the various groups on the ship draw up a report listing all the work that still has to be completed [Music] the ship is maneuvered precisely into the narrow dock the gate closes and the workers again check the position of the ship before the water is drained now the hull and climbing coat of the ship are examined paint must be applied to a total area of 500,000 square meters or the equivalent of 70 soccer fields during the sea trials the ship sailed over its own anchor chain in this place you're a vegan Austin's primarily painting work still remains to be carried out this is quite normal with a newly built ship in this case it means somewhat more work because the shipyard has run into delays due to the great number of hurricanes that have swept across Japan in recent weeks and months and as a result of the rain and strong winds which have made work at the shipyard impossible so-called antifouling coatings on the hull are gradually decomposed by the water over the years and prevent algae and mussels from adhering to the ship in the water these organisms grow on this uncoated surface after a few days the original coatings were toxic and released substantial amounts of zinc in the water now however very effective and environmentally friendly coatings are used in the design of a ship special attention is devoted to the propeller in order to avoid so-called cavitation damage during normal operation the propeller may be damaged to the point of total loss due to this process a model at the Hamburg shipbuilding testing Institute it's in a closed water tank the water is constantly pumped back to the model through this duct and turns the propeller due to the varying pressure conditions at the propeller gas bubbles may evaporate and at the same time tear material out of the propeller this test is aimed at making the cavitation symptoms visible the shape of the propeller and of the hull determine the flow of the water and thus to what extent cavitation takes place to permit more precise observation the ambient light is reduced and a stroboscope lump illuminates the propeller once per revolution this makes it look as if the propeller were only turning slowly the swarm of bubbles can be seen at the propeller blades the experts quickly agree the propeller makes a good impression is a discussion as to whether the propeller can be optimized by slight changes in shape cameras installed in the water tank enable another perspective but here again the overall positive assessment is confirmed nevertheless the specialists decide to build windows in the stern of the real ship to be able to observe the propeller during operation and this is what cavitation that causes damage looks like here we have an example where things look quite good in the tests here we have another example of a large ship that has cavitation damage on the propeller one can see how fine cloud like particles of material come off here and peel off in strips these are all indications of progressive cavitation damage [Music] the net lloyd asia approaches the port of Hamburg at present ships with a maximum draught of up to 12.5 metres can navigate the Elbe regardless of the tide of course with the support of the tidal wave or with less cargo larger ships are also able to reach the container port there are plans to deepen the Elbe by an additional metre since ships in the future will be wider rather than deeper there will be no need for further measures for a long time to come in the view of the Port Authority [Music] unloaded the containers of an 8450 te uShip would fill a train over 50 kilometres long will ports be faced with new requirements delete off not for the shipping companies naturally hoped that we will also be able to handle and clear their large ships with 12,000 TEUs within two days however this means that we have to be 50% faster on the key war and not only on the key war since the real bottleneck at the container terminals in Europe to date is the container warehouse the question of whether the larger ships are profitable depends on how this problem is coping an obstacles aren't sure fever hopped of efening the Hamburg port operating company is certain that the logistic challenges will be mastered especially since its port is already the largest and most modern in Germany furthermore it's assumed that the growth in vessel size will soon come to an end Denyce news the next step will presumably be 10,000 that can still be handled with the present engines and propellers but that will be followed by a somewhat larger leap to a 14,000 TEU ships there will definitely not be an 18,000 TEU ship in the next 10 years finishing how the development will continue is the subject of speculation but one thing is clear the net lloyd man a the second vessel of the 8450 TU series will only temporarily be one of the largest container ships in the world [Music] [Music]
