English Prepositions Review: How to use "by," "to," and "for"

and in this week's live lesson we are going to talk about how to use by two and four this will be a preposition review lesson so i hope that everybody has a chance to practice these very important but very small words i'm going to focus in this lesson on a few uses two to three uses of each preposition and i hope that you can send your example sentences live in the chat i will try to check them out as you join please please please make sure to hit the like button and share this video so that other people can find today's lesson that would be super super awesome while we wait for everyone to join us live as always a few quick announcements the first one is about this banner at the bottom of the screen there are free pdf cheat sheets available for you from the link below the video if you're watching on youtube or above the video if you're watching on facebook there are lots and lots of topics check it out you can find topics about talking online so vocabulary and conversation expressions 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description for this so check it out there okay uh oh yeah if you want to find me on social media this is the account for twitter and instagram okay it looks like everything is okay i see facebook and youtube are okay great so uh welcome everybody on youtube uh tran gao hi and jose from josue sorry from ecuador cabba singuzi jacqueline hello there siri porn hello welcome everybody and on facebook hi facebook uh bucharo hello good evening rostang hi sadi hi welcome everybody okay everything is okay so let's look at today's lesson boards then we are going to talk about three prepositions this is our focus i'm going to talk about by to begin in the middle we'll talk about two and lastly we'll talk about four so i hope this lesson gives you a chance to review these small words uh but i also want to talk about a couple common mistakes i see with these words okay so let's get started everything's good i'm gonna share the video please make sure you like and share it i'm gonna share the video okay done good i have shared it so let's get started let's talk about bi then all right so the first uh preposition for today is the preposition by we're going to talk about two main uses in this lesson so first let's review by which means next to or near so this use of by means the position of something right so let's look at some example sentences you can send your examples in the chat i will try to check there are lots of lots of comments uh so my copy is by my computer my coffee is by my computer so this by just means next to it or near it somewhere close to my computer so my coffee is by my computer or her house is by the school so again this means her house is near or close to or next to so bai is kind of an open preposition it's not a specific place like directly next to but kind of somewhere near okay one more our bags are by the door our bags are by the door so again this means someplace near the door okay in each sentence we have by before our second noun phrase so we have noun one my coffee or her house or our bags and then we have the position so position is shown with by and then we have the second thing the second noun so the door the school the computer yeah so we can use by to communicate this feeling of close to okay some people are sending examples the cat is by my side good the tv is by my closet nice one santiago on youtube okay uh i don't see questions or examples on facebook yet do your best facebook okay let's go to the next part then so bye oh one more naily jacqueline says my notebook is by not by to me but by me and my computer so we don't put buy and two together yeah by me and my computer okay so this is our first use of buy for next two and near or close to okay great so now let's talk about the second point this is the maybe the part i want to focus on this use of bi so this is a buy to mark an endpoint or a deadline yeah so first let's look at some example sentences please call me by 5 pm please call me by 5 p.m so this bye is before 5 p.m and we have a request please call me right the simple request yeah so by here marks a deadline so the finish point yeah so that means please do this action please call me up until so that means all the time before 5 p.m so 5 p.m is the last time at which you can call me after 5 p.m nope no good so we use buy to mark deadlines okay then another example submit your homework by 10 a.m submit your homework by 10 am so again buy is before in this case the time the deadline point here is the action so submit your homework submit means to turn in your homework like to give your homework to your teacher yeah this is submit submit your homework by 10 a.m so we use buy to mark those deadlines okay uh all right i'm looking for your example anna mook says can we say bye foot i know on foot is the correct form yeah we don't say bye foot no i sometimes see people say bye walking as well that's not right either we don't say 10 minutes by walking please use on foot to use buy in that way okay i'm looking for your example okay cezar on facebook says i'll probably eat fried fish by this evening okay are you fishing today great all right uh jonatha says what is deadline a deadline yeah so deadline here this is a noun a deadline is the final time you can submit something or apply to something so the last chance to do an action or to participate in something that's a deadline so for example if i say send me your homework by 10 am 10 am is your deadline after 10 am no good i'm not going to accept it yeah 10 a.m marks the end point for an action that's called a deadline for something okay let's continue on uh to the other to the other examples some good ones are coming in please email me by 8 pm great um how do we differentiate it with beside oh her house is beside the school or our bags are beside the store besides sounds much more formal yeah we don't use besides so much in everyday conversation bi is shorter and a little more casual easier to say so we use by in these sentences okay i'm looking for your examples um early bird on facebook says my application must be applied by the end of november very close my application must be submitted to submit an application that's the verb then by the end of november is perfect okay let's go to the next example sentence we'll probably finish the report by this afternoon we'll probably finish this report by this afternoon so in this sentence the speaker or the writer is making a guess right here's wheel we will probably right so they think i'm pretty sure i'm pretty sure we'll probably finish the report by this afternoon so in this case the sentence uses by yes but this afternoon marks the end point the speaker is guessing the end point of the report yeah so you can use a pattern like this if you're working now you're writing a report now you're making something now and you need to give someone a guess like your boss or your teacher says when are you going to finish the report you can say we'll or i'll probably finish the report by this afternoon so this by shows the end point for your action okay cool uh some other examples are coming in uh noshino says i will arrive at the station by 3 p.m good uh asd says i forgot my phone by the laptop good so that's this use here gonzalez says i'll be there by 10 pm chris wrote a question will he be there by 10 pm good good good okay fantastic nice examples everybody okay let's go to the last last last point for bi i want to talk about this expression by the time by the time this is a very useful expression we use this to talk about the future future points we use this a lot with future perfect tense so maybe for more intermediate and advanced learners you feel comfortable using perfect tense yeah so let's look at some examples and talk about some interesting grammar here so first by the time i graduate college i will have studied for 16 years by the time i graduate college i will have studied for 16 years so this by the time is used to talk about a point in the future right we're talking about some future point a future endpoint yeah in this case in this example sentence by the time i graduate college so here this is my future point yeah then we have this i will have studied for 16 years so this is a future perfect tense construction yeah i will have studied for 16 years this means by this time my college graduation time my total time studying all this time in the past is 16 years or it will be 16 years we use future perfect tense because we are talking about a time period that has not finished yet it's going to finish in the future yeah i will have studied for 16 years so this is a little more advanced grammar point let's look at one more example and then we'll continue to part two okay here's one more example the sentence pattern is flipped so here's the future perfect tense part we will have spent three thousand dollars on our home remodel by the time it's finished we will have spent three thousand dollars on our home remodel by the time it's finished so home remodel means you fix your home you change your home change the design of your home yeah so here's by the time yeah and we have by the time it's finished so this it's finished means the home remodel yeah so by the time the home remodel is finished in all the time before that we will have spent three thousand dollars that means that's the total cost of the project so we use by the time in patterns like these lastly interesting grammar point this part here by the time i graduate college right here you see i graduate we use a simple present tense grammar structure here by the time i graduate or by the time it's finished yeah so by the time it is finished in this case so we don't need to use like past tense here like by the time i graduated college or by the time i graduating we need to use these patterns like these yeah so again a little more advanced grammar point but this by the time is super useful for talking about future plans okay all right um let's see some examples by the time i graduate from college okay some of you are using this by the time yeah okay uh finished chris l says y is finished in past form this finished it is finished something is finished that's an adjective form by the time it is finished yeah we can use different parts of speech here okay uh by the time would mean at the same time yes that's what it's saying so you can imagine this by the time here is like saying uh at this point uh when these these two things will be true i will graduate college and i will have studied for 16 years at that point in time okay so i hope that this is helpful i think i have a video i think i have a video about this uh maybe i don't i will make a video about this topic uh so that we can uh talk about it i will check and see if there's a video and put a link in the description if i can find it sometimes i forget so this is by the time okay all right let's go to a quick break that was a lot about buy and we'll go to part two okay if you missed it earlier there are free pdf cheat sheets from the link below the video if you're watching on youtube or above the video if you're watching on facebook you can find many different topics this is a shopping topic questions to use in stores vocabulary words to use when you're shopping here is a business english one on the back you will find phrases for a business meeting so check these out you can download all of them and practice them practice with them you can put them on your phone you can put them on your computer print them out like i did here whatever you like so check these out you need your name and an email address you can find the link below the video if you're watching on youtube or above the video if you're watching on facebook okay all right uh let's go to part two part two okay so if you haven't please please please please please make sure to hit the like button and share this video so other people can find today's lesson that would be super cool okay let's go to two let's go to two okay um i'm looking for your questions some other examples are coming in um looks good okay i'm gonna move on to part two because time is going quickly let's talk about two two so in this section i want to focus on two uses of two and then we'll do a short review of a really uh quick one so let's talk about using the preposition to for a destination or a goal okay so let's look at this first example sentence i'm going to school now i'm going to school now so two is before the destination or the goal the place that we are moving in the direction of so school is our destination we use two before that yeah i'm going to school next example let's go to the office let's go to the office so two is before the office the destination here let's go to the office or you could say let's go to my office for example one more they went to spain last summer they went to spain last summer okay so here we have a past tense example sentence all right so we used to to mark our destination our location but here in red this is one key point i want to talk about i see a mistake here a lot one mistake number one many learners forget to they forget to completely they say i'm going school now or let's go the office so please don't forget this tiny little word don't forget to put this before your destination that's point one mistake number two i sometimes see is about this this note says use two before a specific location specific location for example spain the office school these are specific places sometimes i see learners right i want to go to there or let's go to there we do not use 2 before there because there is not a specific place right so please use two before the specific location okay uh all right some of you are sending example sentences about uh the second use of two that's okay i'll come to your examples later all right so let's talk about one more here this sentence uses a person as kind of the goal or the destination so with this with this use of two we use this when we are giving and receiving things like sending and receiving things for example please give these documents to her please give these documents to her so in this case her it's like a female person is the destination right please give these documents to her so we use this to before the person receiving the documents so if it's helpful you can think of a person as the destination or the goal okay all right some examples are coming in cynthia ruiz says i went to my brother's house in new zealand two years ago very nice very nice okay um all right some other people other people are sending correct sentences for point number two so we'll talk about that in a minute al tariq says i have been to bolivia very nice very nice uh ana says i need to go to the park very nice okay great that looks good so let's continue to part two so uh use two of two is to talk about a purpose or a reason a purpose or a reason we do this with two plus a verb so the base form or the infinitive form of a verb yeah so we express the reason for doing something or the purpose for doing something okay so let's look at some examples some really simple examples i came to buy milk so at the supermarket yeah i came to buy milk here is two here is my base verb yeah my verb the base form i came to buy milk so this sentence expresses the purpose it expresses the reason so why did you come to the supermarket why did you come to the store i came to buy milk so this grammar expresses purpose okay another example she needs money to start her business she needs money to start her business in this sentence we see to before start so start is my verb in the base form yeah infinitive verb she needs money why to start her business so again this is the reason she needs money she needs money for this purpose is another way to understand the sentence i hope i said your name right on facebook says i need to get money from the bank good cesar says i came to buy fish at the market perfect okay um jack jaime says i came to buy an iphone very nice an iphone yeah don't forget your article there uh victor says i need a drum to make music good okay uh vishwajit says i wanted to give an example good artland says i'm going to subscribe oh and that's retracted okay that was funny okay great let's look at one more example one more really helpful example we'd like to make a reservation we'd like to make a reservation so we are expressing our reason or our purpose here so what do we want to do what would we like to do we'd like we would like yeah contracted we would like to make a reservation that's the purpose of our phone call or our visit okay so we use two with a verb the base form this is part is important we're going to compare this to four in part three okay last part here very quickly a super quick reminder we use two when we express distance and time so how far it is from one location to another for example it's 10 miles to the next town it's 10 miles to the next town that means from here until i reach the next tamp we don't say that it's 10 miles or for time it's 30 minutes to 10. so you can think of it as like saying after this distance or after this time i will reach my next destination or it will be the next hour okay so this is a really quick point i wanted to talk about i want to focus i want you to remember this part here for part three though all right okay uh let's go to part three after a super quick break because this lesson is taking time as always i like to talk about all the detailed points so if you haven't checked it out yet please make sure to check the link below the video if you're watching on youtube or above the video if you're watching on facebook there are free pdfs for you to download and practice with to improve your vocabulary i have so many here i can't choose which one there are many many many many many different topics so take a look and see which one is interesting for you you need your name and an email address check the link and there is a one two three four step process you can follow to download everything okay let's go to part three because time oh my gosh time has gone so quickly today so let's go to part uh three let's talk about four okay so four the preposition four let's talk about this a review present perfect tense we've practiced a lot recently we use for with time periods in present perfect tense or just not even just present perfect but in perfect tense structures for example i've worked here for five years i've worked here for five years note the plural form five years yeah and we have this perfect tense structure i have worked here for five years so four comes before the length of time or the time period okay then she has lived there for six months she has lived there for six months again don't forget this s so four become four comes before the time period all right finally we've been studying for two hours we've been studying for two hours so we use this four to show these time periods durations okay so quick review of this use of four let's go to the focus point for this preposition here so i want to practice this part with our remaining time with the time we have left for used for purpose or for function so we do this with an i n g verb okay so we just practiced using two with the base verb right no change to the verb here we use for to mark purpose or to mark the function of something so why do we use that thing but we use for with the ing form okay so let's practice this first sentence part of the restaurant kitchen is just for preparing ingredients part of the restaurant kitchen is just for preparing ingredients so here is four here is the verb prepare prepare in the ing form yeah part of the restaurant kitchen is just for preparing ingredients so this sentence expresses part of the restaurant kitchen the purpose or the function of part of the restaurant kitchen is just so only for preparing ingredients okay so we use this for prepare ing so not for prepare that's a very common mistake i see so not is just for prepare but for preparing so make sure to use this ing verb form here okay great let's continue i'm gonna look for your example sentences okay uh al tariq says the school park is just for hanging out good so make sure hanging is with an a yeah not uh you yeah and then it's perfect okay let's continue uh to the next example sentence my camera is for taking professional photos and videos my camera is for taking professional photos and videos okay so in this sentence we see the purpose of my camera right so we have four and taking here this expresses the purpose so the purpose is taking professional photos and videos my camera is for taking professional photos and videos okay juan carlos as part of my books are for studying english i would say some of my books are for studying english yeah some of my books are for studying english part of my books might be confusing it sounds like parts inside your books i think you want to say some of my books are for studying english like the topics of some books yeah okay let's see uh vishwajeet says is for in case of time period always used for past events can we say i'm going to study for three hours yes absolutely absolutely you can use that we use it a lot in these perfect tense structures though but yes you can use it for future uh situations as in your example sentence great okay uh can i fill up saint cloudy says can't i also use uh two instead of four yes actually there are uh many situations we can choose between four or two to express the purpose absolutely one hundred percent but just make sure you match the verb yeah four is used with an ing verb two is used with the base form of the verb and there are some cases where the verb you need to use one or the other this ing form or the two form i can't i'm not going to talk about that today if you want more about this i suggest googling a gerund and infinitive differences there are many many detailed points about this topic but the short answer is yes in many cases you can use four or two just remember the different grammar pattern okay phew i'm late let's go to the last points her office is used for meeting clients her office is used for meeting clients so again we see a purpose here so the purpose of her office is meeting clients her office is used for meeting clients okay so when you use this for to show purpose don't forget this ing form not for meat okay that's a common mistake i see all right let's go to the last point for today's lesson for to express a reason or purpose with a noun okay so this grammar is different from the two grammar we talked about we don't use two with nouns we need to use four with nouns let's look at some examples and then we'll be finished for today lots of stuff okay i came to this city for the beautiful views i came to this city for the beautiful views so here's my noun yeah it's a plural noun beautiful view so that means beautiful scenery right i came to this city for the beautiful views so we expressed a reason in this case the reason to travel to the city okay then next example quickly let's go out for lunch let's go out for lunch you can of course say dinner or breakfast whatever let's go out for lunch lunch is a noun yeah so we use bor so not let's go out to lunch oh sorry that's a bad example that's kind of a set phrase we can't say let's go out to lunch yes we can say that one that's like a set phrase but we typically use four in these expressions let's go out for some noun phrase for a coffee for a coffee for example that's a good one we can't say let's go out to coffee as a noun okay all right one more example do you want to go for a drink do you want to go for a drink so here a drink is a noun yeah we need to use four here so now do you want to go to a drink nope do you want to go to a drink sounds like the drink is the destination do you want to go to a drink doesn't make sense cannot use two please use four here yeah okay so do you want to go for a drink the purpose is a drink okay so don't forget when you use nouns for reasons or purpose or motivation you need to use four there okay i have to finish i'm super late oh my gosh sorry sorry uh sorry live stream team okay i have to finish there for today's lesson so i will show you today's lesson boards one more time if you want to take a screenshot here we go so we talked about by two and four in today's lesson we talked about a lot of points thank you for your interesting questions that was super super great so i have to finish for today but i'll be back next week as always here is next week's lesson information all right next week we are going to talk about how to maximize your review sessions how to maximize your review sessions i always talk about how to uh how important it is to review so we're going to talk about what to do in your review sessions that will be wednesday november 17th 10 p.m eastern standard time that is new york city time uh if you don't know your local time please google it set a notification on youtube set a notification on facebook or if you follow me on instagram i always post a link and a topic reminder in my story so you can check that out if you follow me on instagram you can find the link for that below the video on youtube okay we have to finish there for today so thank you for your awesome questions and all of your great comments don't forget to if you want to download all of this free stuff check it out the link is below the video uh in the youtube description or if you're watching on facebook check the link above the video okay phew that was lots of preposition review but it was super super fun so i will say goodbye for today have a great day thank you very much for liking and sharing the video super helpful uh i will say goodbye so have a good day have a good night have a good weekend and i will see you again next time

Channel: Learn English with EnglishClass101.com

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Keywords: learn english, englishclass101, english, english language, american english, toeic, v_live

Id: kycTcoLfXQg

Length: 36min 12sec (2172 seconds)

Published: Wed Nov 10 2021