Creating Shapefile and Study Area Map for any Location | Latest Tutorial using QGIS

hi everyone welcome to this tutorial so in this tutorial I'll be showing you how to how you can create a shap file for your study area so be it a wildlife sanctuary at National Park or a lake I will show how you can create a shape file for that particular area very easily within seconds and then uh I'll be preparing a stady area map using that particular shape file which includes the map elements such as coordinates Legends grid cells and sampling stations so let's get into the tutorial first of all you need to open your qgs and here it goes this is my qgs and here you have to select a new empty project and to begin your work you need to have a base map to work with all then only you'll be able to find where your study area is and for that you have to go to plugins and go to manage and install plugins and here you have to search quick map um okay this one Q Quick map services and you just install the plugin so this particular plugin quick map services will provide a lot of Base maps for you to access it's done so I will show it if you go to web and map Services you will find a lot of uh map uh tiles providers S3 Google NASA oosm so in this case we'll be using this oome uh standard base map here it goes you can see the world map has appeared here now and now you can you know zoom into your uh area of Interest so in my case I'm going to conduct a study in this uh peria National Park tiger Reserve which is uh located which is a National Park located in Kerala in India so this is going to be my study area in this tutorial so now I need the shavee fil of this particular area how can I obtain it and in qis it's very easy all you have to do is you have to go to plugins again go to manage and install plugins and here you have to search C oism okay this plugin I'm installing it okay I think uh it's getting done okay it's been installed successfully now you can close it so now what I'm going to do is that I will use this plugin to run an algorithm and I will tell that algorithm to extract uh this a shape file or a polygon for this uh representing this uh National Park it's easy you have to go to uh qism and here you can see a key column and a value column so in the key column I'm going to enter boundary and under the value column if you click here you can see a different types of boundaries so key is a major category and value uh contains subcategories so in my case it's a national park so I have said National Park and you can see in here and this is going to be canvas extent which means this is the canvas Q's canvas so what we are telling the algorithm is that extract uh National Park falling under uh can be seen within this canvas extent here so here we can see only a single uh National Park so I hope the algorithm will extract a shape file or a polygon for that uh protected area so let's run the query uh yeah it's done see the algorithm has extracted a shape file for that uh National Park and it's very easy so you might be wondering I'll show you the plug-in again uh what is this key and value or where do we get it so for that you can search key and value in oism and up the first link uh you see and I'll show you the case of national park so here you can see our main category our key was boundary and bound and the subsection include abinal lands administrative Forest Maritime markers so National Park so this National Park comes under the category of boundary similarly there are a lot of key values or the main categories building and as you scroll down there's a lot of these categories uh for example I'll show you uh what body see uh if the key value is water then it could take uh values like River canal ditch lock so now we extracted the air shap fil for a National Park which is a protected area so if you want to extract a sha oil for a lake you have to specify water and the corresponding value so you should be very specific if you give the wrong key value then it's you are not going to get it so so before extracting these uh shape files you should be uh well knowledgeable about the key and values you should you have to spend some time with it and once you're done then it's easy and now I have extracted the shape fil and I need to change its color since it's a national park I would like to give it a green color and for that I can I'm going to right click and go to properties and here if I go to simple fill I can choose any fill color I want so I'll choose green and I will uh reduce the transparency of it okay done and this STW color let it be red and I will reduce its withd St color stroke is nothing but this boundary line you can see Click app play uh I will increase it okay and now you can press okay so this is it and uh before proceeding I want you to do one thing you have to go to you have to look at another uh base map go to web and cck map services and here you will find S3 gray light I'm unselecting this oism standard map here and now you will get an idea about the relative position of our stady area Kera here so I want you to take a screenshot of this which we will use later when we are creating the stady area map okay this is the Southern India so I'm going to take a screenshot of it now in this you can see your study area where it lies okay have taken a screenshot and I'm going to save it in my desktop okay study area location okay I'm done so now let's get back to the okay so now that we got our um Bas map I mean the shape file you don't need oism anymore you can stick on to this uh S3 gray uh base map it looks better actually when you are creating stady area and before that uh I told you that I have some s um uh sampling stations station uh and uh I need to add those sampling stations into this uh shape file before that I will show you my data and this is in CSV format and all these data will be available for you to download in the description below you just get it before you start with this tutorial so here I have five different stations from station one to station five and the corresponding coordinates so these are stations where I conducted my sampling and the corresponding coordinates have given here so I want to Mark these stations within this uh polygon of uh area tiger Reserve National Park and in Q's it's very easy all you have to do is you have to go to roster H sorry layer and here you will find an option called add layer and here you can see add delimited text layer click there and the window will be opened from here you have to choose browse your that particular uh CSV file so this is the CSV file stations click open so when you open it um it will appear here you can see stations latitude longitude and our station names are in this column and the X field is going to be longitude and the Y field is going to be latitude and under geometry definition you can see we are going to add Point coordinates simply click add your points will be added now see you can see it there but the issue is that they're not visible you need to change the color so I'm going to right click go to properties and under simple marker I'm going to make it yellow now it's more visible and I can increase the size of it okay let it be like that now we have added the points and increase this size and the next point is to add labels so we don't know which one is station one and which one is station two and all so in order to add labels you have to go to this uh this option you can see this ABC here and now it's no levels you have to select single levels and if you simply uh before that you look at the value section value cell here the value has been selected as stations it is because we had three columns in our data set one column contain contained the station name so we are selecting that particular column and if you click up play the station names will be you know added but the issue is that the station names are actually overlapping with the point markers and you need to keep a distance between the points and the station names so for that you have to go to placement and increase the distance I'm increasing it a little more okay now I think the overlapping issue has been sold and if I go back to the text option uh I can increase the text phone size and also I'm going to make it a bol fine click okay so done now we have added our sampling points you might be thinking that this is too big but actually it's not when you prepare the map the font size will decrease and now let's start with h composing the map and before that I'm zooming into this uh map and we will place it approximately in the center of this canvas looks good fine now we have know so now let's go to the first step for creating this ready area map map you have to go to new print layout click there and click okay you don't have to give in names here if you want you can give so a separate uh window has opened now and it is here that we are going to do uh the remaining works so first of all you need to add the map here for that you can use this option add map option click and drag so actually your map will be added here see it's here and as you can see it's a a bit small so you can increase the size of it by increasing the increasing the map size in the actual qes window okay if you increase it here and click this refresh button okay I'll draw it again after clicking refresh the it size is not increasing here it is it was was supposed to increase okay done see now it looks good and you can see the base map and you can also see our steady area the polygon and after uh after this you can um modify like um I think the phones are phones uh do not need to be bold so I'm going to change it stations uh do a right click and okay let's decrease the size instead of changing changing the format okay and if I go back and if I click refresh I mean it's been refreshed I think so it looks better now now we have added our sampling stations and we have done uh almost 2 by3 of our work and the remaining Works include adding coordinates adding scale adding Legends and all and it's uh easy I'll show you how you can do that you have to first of all select this map option and here if you scroll down this CRS you can see you have to change it into default one epsg 4326 so this particular CRS coordinate reference system is more accurate and it's been widely used in GPS uh GPS operations and all but in web Maps like open streets map and all we generally use uh pseudo marketer CRX and it's not so accurate so anyways I'm not getting into details you can keep this as your CRS and if you scroll down you can see grids here you can add a new grid by clicking here and then you select the grid one and click modify grid and CRS again you have to specify default CRS epsg 4326 this is the default C CRS coordinate reference system in qgs and now we have to provide the x and y values so the x value is going to be you have to specify it in uh degrees so in this particular coordinate reference system the X and Y values will be in degrees not in meters so in such cases uh I'm going to specify 0.15 de by 0.1 15° so 1 degree in EP SG 4326 if you Google you can see uh the 1° is almost equal to 111 kilm so we have specified 0.15 de I don't know how many kilometers are uh it actually so you can I mean do the calculation and find it out this is just for the demonstration purpose I'm adding this grid so the grid has been added uh and next I can change the line style I can reduce its uh transparency so that it looks better it will blend in with the actual map okay done and I can add a frame here you can choose interior Tex and if you scroll further down you can find an option to draw coordinates you simply click there the coordinates coordinates will be drawn and here you have to select the format of your coordinate so I'll be keeping a degree minute minute with suffix and the Cod coordinates are outside the uh map now so I'll be keeping it inside by clicking here inside frame and the right coordinates also should be inside the frame and the top coordinates should also be inside the frame and finally the bottom coordinates should also be inside the frame now now all coordinates have been placed inside our frame and here you can um change the uh transparency of the F and font size of those coordinate coordinates okay let it be like that we are done okay now you can go back and if you go further down you can add a frame to your study area map just by clicking here a frame will be added that's it now we have added uh our sampling stations coordinates grid cells and all and finally you can uh add a few more map elements like the scale bar you have to click here and draw a scale bar will be added here and then what you can do is you can add Legends so you have to click there and if you draw a box here the Legends will appear here so what you can do is um there there are some unwanted uh Legends like oosm standard s reg gr we need to keep only the stations Legend and for that you uncheck the auto update box and here you can delete this click on this oosm standard Legend and remove it and again you have click S3 gray light layer and remove it by clicking this uh remove selected item option and finally I'm going to remove this boundary National Park as well done and you can change it uh change the Legend's name these are my sampling stations and if you go down uh okay that's it and if you go back you will be you will find some uh option to change its uh the Legends font size and all here if you have time you can explore uh this way you can do and um let me see okay so this item labels if you increase the font size the corresponding font size will be increased for the sampling station font anyways I'm going to keep it somewhere here I need to find a place to keep it okay let it be the sampling stations and then what you can add is you can add a title this is a this is your stud area map and you need to provide a title and for that first of all you have to draw a shape add a rectangle by clicking here draw it where you want to uh add your title for the map and you can see the style column so go there and reduce its opacity and uh if you go to [Music] rendering and this blending mode here also you can reduce the opacity of that particular um um rectangle and you should know that uh different when you keep adding different elements to your stady area map each element will appear here so this is the order the base layer is map and above that we added scale bar and over that we added Legend and on top of that we added rectangle so you can reorder the arrangement anyways I'm not going to do that let it be like that and now we have added a rectangle and then I will add uh simply add this simply select this option add level option and click and draw a square so we have added text box now you need to provide a name for your stady area this is this is the pera National Park National Park and you can increase the font size and all here okay this is fine I think and I'm keeping it uh in the center by entering space okay this looks good now and we placed it actually over the rectangle we created initially so in order to select that rectangle it's uh you have to click on it see now we can move the rectangle and uh I'll keep [Music] there okay then now the rectangle is actually under this uh title title text now we need to move this uh label okay it looks good now perard National Park and that's it uh we have almost completed preparing our stady area map another thing you can do is that you can add a small map showing where your stady area actually is and for that you can add a picture by clicking here draw it here so now we are going to add the screenshot which we captured ear earlier you have to go to roster image and here you can browse that particular screenshot I saved it in my desktop so let me select it so here it is stady area location okay it's been added now you can see and you can add a a border to this particular picture and for that uh I can go to this add shape option and I can again draw a rectangle above this uh layer and the it shouldn't be it shouldn't be having any fill color and under simple fill you need the boundary the uh so the STW color should be there and St WID you can increase and now you have to keep the rectangle over the picture it's correct okay so if you want to edit any of these map elements first of all you have to select it from this window here for example scale when you select scale bar it will be selected like that you can rearrange and select uh different different map elements so that's it uh this is the Southern India and you have to show that this is our stud area it's visible like a spot so to specify you can choose this add arrow button and click on that and again click here then do a right click so now we have pointed our stady area where it actually is so that the readers can easily understand so that's all we have created a good-look stady area map and if you have more time to spend then you should uh definitely improve the Aesthetics of this map I just uh quickly show you how how it can be done and I believe this is one of the easiest method so especially if you're having uh study areas like National Park protected areas and all and in qes you you can extract almost every uh geographical features like playgrounds football ground uh River Lake everything you can extract using the uh cism algorithm so you just have to know the key and values so thanks everyone for watching this video uh I will see you in my next video

Channel: Researchocrat

Views: 6,452

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Id: Y2WoZmNs-kI

Length: 26min 28sec (1588 seconds)

Published: Mon Jan 15 2024