Create study area map using QGIS: Detailed step by step methods

create maps study area maps using qgis software i'll go straight to the point how everybody can hear me i'll go straight to the point and i'm going to i'll be presenting firstly on the the introductory part of it um let me share my screen okay all right now i hope everybody can see my screen i want to start with what is a gis we know that gis means geographical information system and which is actually used to capture to store to manipulate to analyze and also to manage information particularly what you call special information or geographical information so these are the things that gis can do and capture it can store it can manipulate you can analyze and also manage uh special data and what is the keyword in this gis is geography and that means that the data that we use in gis are actually special uh data you know data that uh that can be gotten from different locations locations of the head surface and apart from these spatial data gis the data also have what you call the attribute data that means for example if you are collecting a data concerning penance you want to get a location of penang and then there are also attribute data that you have to get alongside with the location like for example how many people are staying in penang how many males how many females so these are all the things that are coupled together to dispatch your data which can be used in gis manipulations so also this uh data of like i've already mentioned you can have so many you can have so many things uh so many information you can attach them together with the location that you are interested in like you can also have some other things like how many schools are there you know how many industries are there so these are all the things that we can use in gis and then so when you combine the two together then you'll be able to solve several problems so gis can be used for solving a lot of problems you know when you have these data together uh then let's go to what can we do with gis like i've already mentioned uh some of them it can be used in problem solving and also for decision making processes we can solve problems with gis we can also make so many decisions with gi that means after we have manipulated the data do all sort of analysis we can use the data to now the results to now uh to now make necessary decisions concerning the particular location that uh we are studying so we can also use guys to visualize data in a special environment you know and these are other things that you can also do with gis you can determine the location of features and relationship to other features you can also know where uh the features exist for example if you are interested in the the wetlands in penang you can know where those wetlands are located or if you're interested in the forest in penang you can know where those forests are located or if there's any particular uh you know thing that you're interested in you can locate it directly using the gis you can locate it on the space environment using a gis technique you can also know the density of features in in a particular environment and then you can also know what is happening in your area of interest you know these are all the things that we can do with gis and then you can also know how the area has changed over time what has happened to the area over time can also be you know can be found out using gis gis technique so um what we will be using there are so many tools that uh people can people have been using for gis [Music] for gis analyses and you know for example you can use several tools for example uh uh gis app gis or arcmap has also been used by so many researchers all over the world and then the one that we have chosen for this particular webinar is qgis pjs is very easy is an easy to learn software uh as you will see when we move on it's easy to learn and not only that uh qgis is also free it's freely available for example arcgis that i mentioned earlier on it's not free you know you have to get the license for it but qgis you can get it freely and i want to believe that uh everybody has downloaded this software so that we'll be able to also flow along with me as i take each section so qgis is freely available it's easy to learn and you can do a lot of analysis a lot of manipulations and a lot of you know things with qgis and that is why we have chosen qgis as the tool to be used in these um this webinar uh i'll go straight by uh how to download how do we download large uh country boundary shape file uh that's the first thing that we're going to we're going to consider how to download a large country boundary shapefile though i didn't provide this link earlier on but if you can see my slide you can see uh this link this website uh ww dot uh okay let me copy and then paste on the on the chat session so that will be able to [Music] get the link so each of us can directly go to the website to download the country boundary shape file now this website is actually a website that has all the all the uh the boundary maps or what to call we don't call it map yet because it has not been um it has not been uh analyzed and the it has not been prepared as a map so we call it shape file so it's a is a country shaped file so each country has a shape file what you call boundary shape file so this boundary shape file can be gotten from these diver gis so if you go to uh the website directly so we just um so you type that gis okay so everybody has done that if you have not you can just take note of the the website maybe later on you can go there so this is diver gis and then directly you have this country and then you can select you can select the country of your choice for example i'm selecting malaysia so i'll click malaysia then if you come to the subject section you see what you call administrative areas if you open it you'll see so many uh data that you can download as uh for each country you know you can download the administrative areas the if you're interested in inland waters that is you can download that if you're interested in the roads you want to work with the roads you can download and download elevation data for each country you can download land cover data you can download population data you know and so on and so forth so these are all the data that you can download uh for each country but we are interested in the administrative area because german city is just the the uh like the the the normal country uh normal country ship fi which has the states uh the the each for example each country has state so you have the states and also we have the um the districts under each state so these are the things that you can get from the administrative here so i will click administrative areas and then click ok so uh you can see it has already brought the uh the place for me to download the the data so i would then click download so if you click download uh you'll see the download will begin and it the size is very small so already the download has um has already uh it has already been downloaded the data has been downloaded so you can you can see it is a zip file so that means that you have to unzip the uh the file so just get it from your download and then copy it and paste or you can cut and paste in the folder open a folder for that so that all the the the things we'll be doing will be in that uh folder so you can open a folder and then unzip this uh mys admin adm that's that means the administrative uh data for the country malaysia so uh okay now all right so if you unzip it like for me i've already unzipped my own so if you unzip it you will see that um there are so many too many um data so many files rather inside that particular folder so you will see that the mys has mys adm 0 then in different uh versions there you are you also have mys adm one that means administrative one then you also have mys administrative two so these are the three different types of files in different uh uh formats so but when we get to when we go to qgis i will tell you the particular format that we use out of all these so i haven't downloaded the the country boundary shape file so let's go back to the presentation slide so so already you have downloaded this and then uh the next slide now so the next thing to do is to extract the uh the specific states from the country map since you already downloaded the country ship file now we need to now go to qgis to begin the uh the techniques of downloading of extracting other extracting the uh the states from the country so let's go to tgis so you can open your qgis uh software if you have already installed installed in the in your computer so you can open the kjs software so i've already opened my own so just go to where you have the kjs icon then open it so once you open let me give us a few minutes to do that because i know some people are probably doing it alongside so you open your qgis software and after you have opened it you will see um go back you will see this interface you see this window all right and all right so if you have seen this what you will click on you click on new empty projects new empty project all right so you just click on this or double click rather so once you double click on new empty project it should bring uh this particular data face or a data view so this is the place where you're going to do all the data manipulation so if you have already opened this the next thing to do is to go to uh layer menu okay let me just quickly run through the let me show you the different uh menus we have here we have the project menu project menu where you have uh you know where you can save the the project that you are embarking on you can also open an existing an already existing project from here uh you can also export your map from here you can also do all sort of things here so this that's that project menu edit menu you can see there's these are all the features there view menu you can see also uh we have layer menu we have settings we have plugins vector raster database don't worry yourself with all these uh different um terminologies but just follow the steps the simple steps and then you will get the you'll be able to understand how to prepare your map so what we are interested in now is to uh bring up that country boundary shapefile that we have downloaded we need to bring it up in this qgis uh interface so we'll go to layer so go to layer then go to add layer add layer to add layer within so the under add layer there are different types of layers we have vector layer raster layer mesh layer the melee text layer and so on and so forth so depending on the type of layers you are working on but for map production uh we are only interested in vector layer and this demilitary text layer but we are not we are not yet there we're going to we're only working with the vector layer for now so we'll click on add vector layer so once you click on add vector layer kjs will now uh bring up the um it will bring up the uh the interface where you are going to uh open the the folder where you have a boundary uh shapefile uh don't mind my computer i think just give me a few minutes come up all right so this is it so uh so this is the interface you can then click on this under this source go to this particular place browse and then it will take us to uh where we have the folder so i will now go to where i have extracted the country shape file so for me it is in this folder now like i said we have three different uh shape files for each country we have the mys adm 0 mys adm 1 as you can see and then mys adm 2. now let me quickly explain what it means adm 0 is just like the the outside boundary of each country adm one has the states the states the the the the boundaries for each state then adm2 has the boundaries for each district uh if your country may be uh instead of district like in my own country we call it local government areas so in malaysia it is called district so uh so we're going to now we need of course what we need mostly is um this uh adm1 uh adm1 and adm2 but the format we're going to pick is this dot shp format dot shp m y s adm1 dot shp so i will click on dot shp then i can drag my mouse down then you press ctrl on your keyboard and then pick uh because i want to open the two at the same time so you open also for local government or district so adm2.s hp then you click open so um then it will come up like this then all you need don't tamper with anything here just go straight and click hard just click hard so now it has already been added to the qgis data interface so i'll close this one now just click close all right so you can see the uh the boundary maps for the states and also for the district so now if i now going to the left-hand side you see this place we call it the table of contents the table of contents so just if i uncheck any of them like if i uncheck this adm2 you will see i'm left with only adm1 the states boundary uh file and then if i check this idiom 2 and uncheck idiom 1 i'm left with the local government local government or the the district uh shapefile or this district layer now because it is already inside the key giants we don't call it um shapefile again you call it layer because it's now a layer in the qgis software if outside qgi software it can be called a shapefile but now it is layer because it has been brought or it has been uh imported into qgis so now okay let me now so the next thing to do don't forget that we are want to extract want to extract specific states from the country map all right so um to do that to do that uh i'll go back to kgs and then right click on mys adm1 so if i right click on it right click on it it will bring up this and then i click on properties click on properties if you click on properties it will bring up the uh the property of the adm one which is the uh the the the edm one layer so to bring up the property okay now here you now go to under label but immediately it opens it will bring you to the label so click on this one and then select single label select single label after selecting single label uh it will bring up this then um okay then come to under value you can see value here and change this name zero to name one name one name one means the name of the states the name of the states so uh so that the name of the state can can show on the layer so then come back here if you want to change the font of the name you can change the font here if you're interested uh if you're interested in this the size of the font you can also change the size here for me i'm okay with the default so i'm not going to change anything here so after doing this if you if you want to change the the color the color of the layer uh so you can come back come to just click symbology you can see symbology you click symbology you see field simple face so click on simple field then it will bring you to where you can change the color like for me i like more of um uh i like light color so i can just select uh maybe this one and then i can click after you are done with that then just come here and click ok to click ok uh you can see now after clicking ok the names of each state has now appeared on the on the layer so you can see sarawak sabha pinang johor telanganu and the rest so um the next thing to do is we want to extract like me i'm interested in duo okay johor so i want to extract the uh the jewel states so what i would do is to if you're also interested in another state you can also do the same thing just follow these steps so i want to extract jehovah so what i would do is to select this duo so uh you can see there are several icons there are several things you can you can work with here so what we are the one we will use is this one uh if you want to know what each one is all about just bring your cursor there you will see the name will come up you can see the name will come up so but i'm interested in selecting the jewel state so you see here select features by area or single click so i click on this so once i click on this it will pick the uh the tool for selecting your host so i'll just come to where juho is and click on your you can see it has already selected uh that selected joke so the next thing to do is to since you have been selected to come back to adm1 and right click on it i want to now i've selected the state that i'm interested in so i want to cut it off or i want to duplicate it or remove it or we call it the the best language for that in key i mean in gis is extract i want to extract joe now since i have already selected the whole so i'll come to mya nys add me one and then right click on it then go to export you can see export so when you go to export you'll see several options there so select save selected features as save select selected features has so click on that so uh it should bring up this so i want to save that selected features i want to extract it so i will give it a name but before i do that i have to uh navigate to where i'm to save that particular uh state layer so i click on this so to bring me here so i want to open another folder so i can put it there so i'll name my folders go to okay so you go to i'm saving it inside these uh jehovah too so i will now give the file a name so i'll say j and name it anything j hr it then save so automatically it will be it will appear here and then do not stamp out with any other thing just click ok just click okay all right so if you have click ok qgis will process uh what you have the command you have given and then it will now bring out the state so come back to the table of content by the left you will see that um the the the the dual state is already there so if you uncheck this m y s a d m one you'll be left with j h r states you'll be left with that so if you want to bring it up you want to zoom it up just select right click on the the layer the jl state and then go to zoom to layers zoom to layers so you click on it it will come up like this to come up like this all right so that is that so we have extracted jojo states now we need to also extract the districts uh under jehovah the jehovah district so where we can get this is uh at the uh we can get it inside this mys adm2 so uh let me uncheck let me check my cdm2 and uncheck this all right so if you if you see you can see that already uh it is showing us a place that look like jehovah district but we'll find out uh as we move on so now go to that m wise adm 2 right click on it right click on it and then go to open attribute table open attribute table open attribute table i click on that the attribute table will actually give the all the different uh data that have been attached together to produce this uh uh administrative two uh layer so you can see now the johor you can see the johor uh different districts under jehovah you can see them uh their names are also here batu pahat joho baharu kalwang kota tinji so what i would do is to click on one of them first click on one then i can you now press ctrl on your keyboard and click on the orders one by one just me all right until you have you have finished selecting all the districts under joe so now these are just eight districts so the next thing to do after you're done with this is just to close this you already selected the eighth distribution so close this attribute table close you can see now it has been selected so the next thing for us to do is to um go back to the mys adm2 right we want to extract it out now since we have selected just like we did to the state so right click on agm 2 then select export export as you click on save selected features has don't forget this save selected features because that is already is uh a selected feature so you have to save them or extract them so save selected features as so click on this then just like we did if you remember the other time you also navigate to where you are going to save it and then uh click on um so of course i'm saving inside this um uh dual 2 folder so i will save it as jhr is district restrict so click save automatically to bring it up then click ok all right so key jazz should process it and then we bring it up at the table of content so go back to table of content now so you can uncheck add me to and then you are left with your whole district okay now if you now want to um you want to bring up the names of the each district so what you would do is to right click on the district below district i click on it then like we did the other time go to properties properties properties okay okay if you want to change the like i said earlier on if you want to change the column go to symbologies already symbology uh then click on simple field then you can change the the color from here i still prefer a lighter color so i can just click on this um this one this light green color and then you can change the style of the field depending on you know uh depending on your interest some people are you know more kind of they like a lot of graphics um so you can do a lot of graphic work here if you are interested so you can also select the do you want the solid the solid field or different types of film so you can select that uh from here you can also you can also decide to change the the outline of the the outline of the the layer if you want your if you if you want the outline to be red color to be black color to be so i will leave it as black because it's already black i leave it as black so after doing this all right so want to include the names of the district so i'll come back to i'll come to libel don't forget come to libya now the reason why the name is not strange because it's already showing no labels so come here and select single label so after you have selected a single label then change this one to uh name two name one has the name of the state name two is the name of the district so click name two after you are done with that uh you got then click okay and click okay all right so key giant should process that and then bring it up so this is the uh these are the districts under jehovah all right so now the next thing to do maybe you've collected your sample in a particular district like for example maybe you collected your sample in sega math or kellwang you can extract each of them also separately like for me i collected my samples from muha so i'm going to extract so to extract muha the next thing to do like we did the other time come here to selected pictures by singular click on it and then come to more and click on one so automatically you can see that uh muha is being selected so next thing is to extract mohawk from uh the jihad district so i'll come to your district under the table of content right click on it click export you can see we are following the same steps so and one thing i want to mention here is that the more you work with uh qgis the more you get better at it so you have to same thing goes with any software if you are working with it daily you get better so uh and then pjs is so friendly that you can do anything even even when you make mistakes you can you can delete the project and start the project again you know you can so you can always get better as you do it more so uh go to export then click save selected features as save selected features has then come here to navigate it to the folder and then click um give it a name i'll give it more more more city right so then click save so after that don't change anything yeah just come straight to say okay all right so kjs will process it as usual and then bring up this um so you can uncheck your district and you are left with so this one now uh you can zoom it up to make it bigger so right click on it right click and then go to zoom to layer so it will bring it up and then if you want to change the color like we did right click also go to properties go to properties and then okay let's bring up the name of the city so no label single label single label then of course it's still named two because that's the name of the district so i want to change the color [Music] so click on simple fill like we did then uh you can change the color to let me make it something like this this okay okay and okay let's see the style let me change the style to let's say dance three or something so then click okay okay guys to process it so you can see why it's already uh written there and then the color is there so next thing now is for us to uh i'm not even following my slide but the same thing i've already repeated in the slide i just tried to bring the steps one by one so um no need to go through this slide but let me just see where i am so exports okay all right now this is where we are now so assuming you have already you have already um got in your study locations 30 locations from uh where you went for your sampling and you can get the locations by by using a gps device gtx device now here we have to be very careful because sometimes if you don't use um a real gps device maybe you're using your phone uh the accuracy of the location might not be you know you can might not be what the value you're getting might not be that accurate so that will affect the exact location that you want to locate you want to put on your map so the best thing to do is to use a gps device but not the phone and then so if you get a gps device just know how to operate it and then get your latitude and longitude and then um and what's it called again and then elevation if if you if you are interested in elevation you can also get the elevation now for me i have already gotten mine so let me try to open something like this so that you will see uh i'll open this one that i have in my system so so you have to be sure that the the locations are correct and not only that uh the longitude and longitude value must be in decimal you know there are different ways of writing um locations i mean lattices are longitude sometimes you can write it as degree minutes and seconds you can write it as degrees uh minutes uh but the best one the one that kjaz will actually um that will identify easily is the decimal one so you make sure that even if you get it as um as uh degree minute and seconds just go online go on google and type how to convert degree minute and seconds to decimals so if you get that you can type in your laptop values and then get the decimal values we need to convert them to decimals for use i like these are my own points you can see uh there are three columns there let's see the first column uh latitude to you then the name of the site so these are the latitude values these are the longitude values and these are the sites the name of the site so if you have this as you put it on exist sheet now the exact sheet will only be qgis will only accept the exact sheet in in uh in the format of uh comma delimited text format uh csv uh format it do not accept any other format so you have to go back to your savers which i've already done mine like that so i just want to show you so save us uh then just click order format so other formats so you can you can select the format that you want to use so which is the command you can see it's already in comma delimited so i'll just leave it like that so if yours is not there you have to save it as csv comma delimiter so i'll close this then i'll close this i don't need it all right so come back to your qgis now if you have done that so the next thing to uh do is to bring up this exercise as a layer in qgis so go back to layer layer menu layer menu click add layer then go to add delimited text layer add deleted text layer so we should bring up this and then go to the file name and navigate to where you browse to where you have the the file so i'll click on this um so you can see my file is here so more data so i click on my data then open click open so automatically after you have clicked open kj should bring up the data inside that uh excel sheet for you so but that's not the end you don't have to select the geometry uh of the location usually for for gis for map production uh we use you click on this geometry definition geometry definition then you have to select which one is your x field which one is your y field now in in qgis you have to use uh your longitude not latitude longitude as x field then latitude as y field so you can see i've already selected the longitude then latitude as y p then next thing is to come to this place your geometry cra that's cross reference system uh usually we leave it like this it has to be wgs 84 wgs 84 that is the one that uh will give you the exact uh location that you are you are working on so leave it as q as wgs 84. so come back and then click um hard click hard here so click hard automatically it should be added then you can close this uh window just close it you can see now you can see the point the sampling points have been added incidentally most of them are located within a particular area in assuming you have a spread of sampling maybe some of them are different part of what you see they will be scattered all over more depending on where you have collected your sample so these ones are here so the next thing for us to do if you want to do all sort of uh manipulations you can also right click on on the table of contents right click on muha data and then go to uh properties go to properties um okay you go to properties you can change the symbols for your location you can change you want dot blank dot y dot blue dot green whatever you can also see different types of symbols you can use for your location depending on which one you're interested in uh so but i'll just leave it as this but i can change the i can change you can change the color you can change the color so just come here and then click on fill color if you're interested in changing the color you know maybe you want to make it um deep red or something i don't know so you can change the color do any any graphic what you want to do here uh depending on your interest okay so you can you can change any other thing also change even the uh the the symbol also you can change it but i'm okay with the simple marker so and then after you have done that you then click ok so you can see it has already uh you know change the color but i forgot there's something else we also need to change maybe you want to indicate the name of the site on your map so right click again right click on the more detail again go to properties then go to label anytime you want to change name you go to label so you can see saying no label so i'll just click single label so single label then already i'll select which name i want to use of course it's name so i just leave it as name uh depending on what i have in my excel is a sheet so after that i'll click ok you can see now all the sites have appeared the name of the site i also appear on the on the map depending on how you want it so site one side two side three all to size six so now we're done with uh uh importing our sampling point or sampling locations on the map so the next thing is that you can see all these maps that we have already extracted we have extracted the jehovah state we have instructed the um the georgi street we've instructed muhammad also we have also uh located our sampling points on it all these ones are just scattered so we need to put them together we need to make what you call a design designer after design how you want the map to appear so and then i also want us to know that qgis has two two views the one we are working with since is what we call the data view where you bring up your data you can extract you can do all sort of um stops there but that doesn't end you have to now switch to the other view of qgis to now design your data we call that view layout view layout view so the layout view will go to to get layout view go to project project menu click on project menu then move down and select new print layout new print layout okay so come back here so click on it as you click on it it will now bring up this that you have to name give it a name so you have to give that layout a name so i'll give it a name as more points give it more points as if you can't give it any name so click ok so key guys to bring up that view now so this is uh our layout view where you can do you can then arrange your map you can design your map you can make it uh the format you want it to be in the way that uh you want to present it for your publication so so now this is the layout view now i can minimize the layout view and then so to continue to work with this you have to first select the map you want to draw first uh or sorry the map that you want to design now since we have three different uh maps i want to design the first i want to design the country map i want to design the country map first so i will come back to the data view and then go to the table of contents and uncheck all these ones all these ones that you have unchecked there and then only checking the uh the country uh the country layer so i'll click on my has adm1 i want to show the states the country with the states so you can see it is not fully shown so i will right click on it and then go to zoom to layers zoom to layer so you can see now the whole country has come up so this is what i want to design first so now the one that you want to design for is one you will check so after you have checked on it then go back to your just come here and go back to the layer the layout view is the layout view so click on layout view all right the layout view now to because you already selected the map that you want to design so come to the left hand side and click on these are the icons you will use so just if you put your cursor there to bring up the name of each of them you can see so we are going to click on add map so i'll click on add map so i already picked it so i will now go to where i want i want the map to be on the layout and drag it and then place them up there so just drag just drag i want it to be on this side the left-hand side so i'll just drag like this once you drag release the cursor release the mouse already your map will come automatically so you want to i can uh can you know you want to reduce the size you can do all sort of things you want to do like this i want to increase it depending on anyone you want to do so this is what i want uh okay then uh the next thing is to um bring up the so once you have clicked on this i want to indicate the uh the geographic coordinates on the map so and also i want to create a border i want the map to be in this uh rectangular border because right now is not the border is not string because if you click outside of the layout outside of the map you'll see that there is no border around the map so i will click on the map again so now i want this border to be permanent so what i would do is to come to the right hand side come to the right hand side you see item properties high temp properties anything you want to do with this map you can do it here now so item properties so then you will now uh go down here go down here so just keep moving then until you get to uh the first thing i want to do like i mentioned okay i want to create the boundary so i'll click on frame click on frame but once you click on frame automatically the frame will appear it should be back so you can then select the type of color you want do you want it to be a black frame or you want it to be any color you can select i'm working with black so i just like this one click outside uh click on the map again sorry you can see already the boundary has already come up so uh so then click on it again because i want the geographical coordinates to be on the map so click on it again and then come back to item properties again then move done again move on and click on grids grids so once you click on grid this will come up then click on this uh additional addition site sign so click on it it will bring up grade 1 so you click on that grid one and click modify grid modify grid so this is where you're going to do some little uh stuff so once you click on modify grid the this will come up then you can now um show how you want the grid to be on the on the uh the boundary of the map so you come to this x and y because there are different this is x this is a y so you have to now select how you want it to be how many of the grids you want so you can then delete this zero and make it let's say five let me put five if you put five click outside you will see some lines on the map that tells you that each of the the coordinates will be put on each of this line so if you're not okay with that if you want it to be more than that you want to reduce you can do you can increase the number or you reduce the number so let's say i put 10 if i put 10 let's say what happened you have a reduction so i don't like it this way so i'm going to return it back to five so i would make it five so already is there uh sorry i have to click on the map again um okay i'm working with the grids um read one modify okay so it's already five so why i want the y now i want to create um so let's see let's go to five also so we put five what happened you can see also it's like so i think i'm okay with it so then i don't want this line to show in my map some people will leave their maps like this they will you will see some the grid lines will show but i don't want it so i will go back to grid type you can see grid type is showing solid so i will change the solid to frame and annotations only frame and annotations only so i'll click on that so that will now remove the inside line so by the time i put now the coordinates you will see that the lines will not be there so calm down keep going down keep going down um so so click on frame frame style is showing no frame so click on line border line border then click moving keep moving down again keep moving down again all right then you see now draw coordinates so the coordinate now you have to put it on the map so i will click on draw coordinates so you can see automatically the the stop the um the coordinates appear on the map so you can change the format of your coordinates depending on this coordinate is in decimals you can see format decimal so i will change it from decimal to i want it to be degree a minute only in green a minute so automatically it should show there and then the left hand side the left side i don't want it to to be horizontal i don't want the coordinate to be horizontal like like you can see it's horizontal like this so i want it to be to be vertical so i'll change the horizontal to vertical ascending so you can see automatically it has made it vertical then come to the right hand side also the right hand side to the right so i want the right also to be vertical so change horizontal to vertica ascending you can also make vertical descending you can do any other you can change to any style you want so i i'll pick vertica ascending so vertical ascending and then uh keep going down if there is another thing that should be changed okay all right that's all so you can leave this side now and come back to the map so now this is a map but it is not there's a map element that we need to have we need to have the skill of the map we need to have the legend uh if you want the legend to be there if not you can you can just leave it you need to have the not arrow you have to show the direction of the notes in the map so to have this map element click on the map again click on the map and then go to the left hand side where you have all these icons so you will see each of the map elements that you want to have now this one say going to have picture want to add label you're going to hide um scale bar so this is cable so i'll click on add scale bar so once you click on it you come back into the you come to the inside of the map and then drag it drag it and release so once you release it your ma your skill is already there you can see this k is already there but you can you can also manipulate the scale value if you you want to change the scale style you can also do that just click on that scale click on the scale and then come to uh come to the the right hand side again and then you see item properties item properties so come back and then if you want the style of the scale to change you can change this car this time instead of having a single box you can say uh line ticks done let me click on this line things down and you will see how it is you can see line click down let me click on the map again now so you can see it has changed it from box style into another style so click on the scale again and see whether you can stitch any other things come back to the item properties and then you want it do you need to be kilometers you can leave it as kilometer if not you can change it to any units you want ah then move down again you can change the the unit uh multiplier you know for example you can make it let's say if you say 10 so i make it 10 and then that's all so come back to the map now click on the map uh you can see now i've already changed my scale so now i want to still pull the nut arrow so i'll come back to this left hand side look for where you have the north carolina so this is a not arrow and see add not arrow so click on it also and come to where this is where we usually uh in any map you see the notorious always at the upper side of the right hand corner right hand corner of the map so come here and drag and just drag the uh the cursor so you see the arrow the the note arrow is already there so click on it and then you would um you can click on the map now and then you see the not arrow will will show so this is the not arrow all right if there is anything maybe you want to add you want to write malaysia you want to add text you want to write malaysia on the map so you just come here come to the left hand side of the layout view and then you see add label add label so let's click on add label so come to where you want to add a label on top of here then drag it drag it and see now you can the label is already added but you now want to you you want to type malaysia inside there so come to the heightened properties again item properties at the right hand side then come to the main properties then highlight or you delete what is inside and then type my here alicia okay all right so after you've typed that you can also change the appearance you want the fonts just move down you want the appearance of that to be maybe um the font color you want to change the font color to let's say i use red all right then move down again um if you want to place it at the middle just click middle or top or anywhere you want it to be if you want to make it um you want to make it at the center you can also click center it should be at the center all right so um so that is that then you can come back to the map and drag and drag it to make sure that sorry i need to undo what i've done so just click on do undo all right so come back again okay so this is already malaysia so uh i'll just click on the outside of the map so malaysia is already written on the map on that one so now the next thing for us to do we are i think we're done with this uh country map country map so we'll go back to the data view of kgis go back to the data view to now create the state map so i'll click on the data view now don't forget i said anything you want to create you have to uncheck the other ones and only check that particular one so i won't check the country and i only create you i want to create juvo journal state right and also i want the state to include the name of the district so i want i'll also check in the district name so but it is small like i said what you have to do is to now uh go to the right click on on the name of the the layer and then click zoom to layers zoom to layer so this is what i want on the other one so now i will then go back to layout view layout view and then the next thing is to now click on add [Music] okay uh before i do that please uh let's come back to there's something that omitted uh in this one let's come back to um uh okay let me uncheck this and check this again let me check this that i did okay all right now it's something i omitted there let me go back to the layout view so now the changes we have made that we have to make it um permanent because if we don't make these changes permanent when we're creating other maps uh there will be some kind of distortion some changes will happen in the one that we have already created so we have to do what we call locking we have to lock the layers so i'll click on the map again click on this map okay then go to uh the right hand side and then move down then you see under layers you see lock layers lock layers okay after you click lock layers this one will prop up lock styles for layers so click on this one too so all the styles and all the things you have done here will be permanent so now we are done with this mask so i will then go back to the data view again the data view and then pick the ones i want to do now so i want to check this one and pick uh johor district and the state so i'll i'll make it uh i'll zoom it up excuse me okay zoom to layers all right so this is what i want to draw next so go back to layout view now um so layout view so what you what you would do like i said earlier on pick add map pick art map so pick this one and then come here and draw what you want so so just drag it um okay and leave it you can see it has already come up so if you want to maybe this one you want to move this map to an upper side of this box so what you need to do is to click come back to left hand side pick another uh item here which is called move item content so click on move item content and come to this map and then move this one up you can move it down you can move it anyhow so i want to move it a little bit up [Music] okay all right so um okay now the next thing now is to put in the map element like we did for this one we have to create this uh uh the the the boundary has to be permanent then we have to also put in the node arrow and the scale so just go to the right hand side again item properties and then keep moving down keep moving down then you get to the grids okay before the grid put the frame click on frame all right then go back to the grids click on grids then click plus then click on the grid one then modify grid so once you click modify grid and to bring this up again uh you want to determine how you want the degrees to appear on the on the uh the the boundary so you just click i can let's say i want to put three let's say three yes how it should be okay let's change it to two let's see so we only put the uh the coordinate on one side so i want it to be more than two so i'll i'll remove this two make it one let's see all right so plus two i think i'm okay with this so this y also i can make it one all right okay uh so this is okay for me if you want to change the value you can make it 0.5 put 0 here and put 5 at 0.5 it also increase the number of grids you have and then don't forget i don't want the inner line inner glaze to show so i will come back to grid type and select frame and annotations only so that will only it will remove the inside grips so come back come down again frame style you click line border line border then keep moving line again keep moving on again until you get to draw coordinates so click draw coordinates then you want to decimal or so like i did to the first map i'll make it decimal minute all right then i'll also this left side i want to change it to um like i said i don't like it to be honest so i'll change to vertical so vertical ascending and the right also the right also i'll make it a vertical ascending vertical ascending so okay down let's move on again there is anything to change you can change the font type if you want okay so that is all about the grid so we are done with the the grid so you can come back to your map click the outside of the map and see how it looks like okay so this is how the map looks like now like i said okay like i said we need to put the scale and also the not arrow so come to the left hand side and pick the scale the scale all right add scale bar so bring it inside the map and drag it all right so let's see the scale is already there so i think i will leave this case cut style like this i'll leave this fly like this then next thing is a not arrow come here and put add not arrow so not arrow will be here so the nut arrow is there you can click on outside of the map if you want it bigger you can increase the just click on it and then drag it drag it and make it bigger so all right okay so there's a not arrow now then we also need to indicate since we are working with uh muha so i want to do something to show that i'm uh i want to show that muhaha is my interested city so i will i want to create a shape on it so go to the left hand side and then click on this hard shape hard shape so click on it then it will bring up you want a rectangular shape or ellipse or triangle so i want a rectangular shape so click on rectangle and come here come over the map and drag drag the rectangle over muha so this is what i'm interested in so leave it like that now it it will cover the moi so you have to make it transparent so come back to the left hand side the item property the item property you will see click on the style click on this time once you click on this tie then click on simple fill simple fill all right then come to fill color you can see free color print color and then click transparent view so you can see it is very transparent on the map so now i want to make it uh colorful so you want to make the boundary to have uh so that anybody that sees the map will know that you are interested in that area but that particular area so feel um you so you change the stroke color stroke color the stroke color is the one that will uh make it um you know attracted from the uh from anybody that is sending from afar so click red click right you can then make the thickness of the the red to increase you can increase stroke width just increase it to anyone you want so and leave it like as 0.7 so that is all so click on the map now you will see it's already showing that you are interested in so the last one that we need to now bring up on on this map is a the moha city having the sampling point so to do this uh before we go on let's also make these changes permanent so we have to lock up all these layers and the styles so click on the map again click on the map go to item properties and then go to layers layers so you can see lock layers so lock layer then also click lock styles for layers so once you have done this the changes are permanent so then we now have to bring up the other map on this layout so go to the data view again data view of the qgis um something okay later view now so um so uncheck the the juho district uncheck the juror state bring up the more city and then bring up the the more data you can see now then make it a big by uh right clicking on it on more city then go to zoom to layers so you can see now zoom to layer so this is what we want to bring on board now so next thing now is go back to the layout view layout view then don't forget what you will do you have to pick hard map hard map so click on add map and then drag it over where you want so you want it to here so keep dragging keep dragging until you're able to get what you want okay i said i want it this way good so um gonna extend it a little bit okay so now it has come up the next thing now is to create this uh uh boundary to make it uh uh you know like this rectangular boundary so go to item properties again item properties come down come down until you get to the the frame so click on frame so the frame is there now then go to grids click on grids click um this plus additional sign grade 1 modify grid so once you modify grid now this one because it's a smaller section of the map so we have to make it like 0.5 for the grids to appear so let's say 0.5 click outside let's see all right you can see now 0.5 so let's make this y also 0.5 so click outside let's see so why why just have only one uh let me see whether if what if we make it uh 0.5 0.5 let's see um okay let's try 0.8 so you can put in any value just to make sure okay it's not there so i'll leave it at zero point um 0.55 let it be in the middle okay now i don't want the lines to show so like i did earlier on come back to grid type solid change the solid to frame and annotations only frame and annotations only then you go back to the frame click line border okay then move down again until we get to the the draw coordinate so this is draw coordinates click on draw coordinates you can see the coordinates already there and we want to make a decimal and minute lesson a minute then the next thing also the left hand side has to be vertical vertical ascending then right also has to be vertical ascending and then okay all right so let's move on um okay that's all about the grid now we have already put the grid there the next thing now is to put the scale and also the not arrow and this one we have to put the legend because it's our that's where we're going to show our the sampling site so let's start with the scale so click on the arrow again coming on the map click on the map okay then pick the scale the scale add scale bar then come inside there to draw the scale just drag it here the scale will be there all right so this is the scale if you want to change the style very simple just come like i did the other time just come to the item property you can see the the anyone you highlight already the property of that particular item will show so because i've already highlighted this scale so the high time here the properties i'm seeing is a scale property so this is ty so i can change this type to line hop let me say line ticks up line ticks hop i'll leave it as kilometer i'll leave it as stay so then come back here and just click on the on the map so you can see now the scale is already there now i want to have the not arrow also come here and have the not arrow so just drag it over here with no taro okay that's that um then i want to have the legion now the legend so the legend will uh come back to here you see where you have religion you can see now had legend so click on hard legend and then come here and put the legion here just drag its rectangular form on this now you are going to have so many legends because you have to now delete the ones that that uh you are not interested in all the regions that you have here will be all the the map items that we have in the data view you can see all of them are here so now go to item properties again and then move on move on you can see these are all the items on the legend and we don't need them in this map we only need the moisty and then the the data the data which is the sampling point we're going to change the name later so all these ones we have to remove them from the religion so what you do remove these auto updates auto updates you remove that then pick each of the ones that you want to remove one by one you want to start with your district you want to remove it you hold this straight from the legend so here you click this is a sign for removing you can see remove selected item so i click on this so joe district is gone so i'll go up again and remove hem wires adm2 i have to remove that so already it's gone also then joe stitch also have to remove that so this is gone also then the next thing now is to remove the uh nyx adm one so that one also i'll click on this it's gone so you can see now uh we only have more data and more city so i want to change this name of more data so double click on it once you double click on it you can delete so i'll just say sampling sampling points or sampling cycle any one sampling points okay so that is that uh so that is already done so i can say but should we click on here to back to the legion property so this is the legion property again so i don't need to do any other thing except to now show the frame because uh okay before i do that let me you'll see that if i bring if i click on the map you'll see that there is no frame here and it's even outside the the the boundary of the map so i have to click on the legend again i have to click on the legend again i have to drag it to the inside um okay i have to place it here then it is this so you can do all sort of manipulation here okay so i i need to make the frame to be there so i'll come to the item properties item properties just move down until you see the frame so just click on frame so the frame is already there so i can come back to the map now and then click on the you can see the frame is there but it's already covering this uh map so what i would do is to shift this map to the site so what you will do click on the map on the boundary of the map radar and then go to the left hand side and select move item content move item content so click on move item content so come to the map now and drag this map to the side you can see now so okay a little bit just a little more okay i have to move it up again all right okay all right so this is okay now this is the legend and then this is the map so uh so i have now the complete map of the country the um johor the johor states and the district i also have the mohasiti having my sampling uh point so the next thing i want to do is probably to show arrow just to point an arrow these ones are not depending on your choice you can do an arrow from the country linking into the state then from the state linking it to the the city so come here and say pick uh come to the left-hand side you can see this one uh just click on this uh and then it will bring up very many there are many icons so these are the remaining icons so click on arrow add arrow so click on add arrow so i'll drag it from here to to where uh to this place so once you click on the arrow and drag it here click on it and then right click also so it will show the arrow right so click on outside now so you can see the arrow is showing from here to here so i want to show so from here to from the uh jehovah states to the city so i'll go back and pick the hurricane hard haro then um so i'll pick it from here from this muha then i'll drag it to you can do it anyhow you wish so click on it and right click so that will also uh so this is the arrows showing from jehovah to the uh state story from the country to the state from the state to the uh to the um the city now we already created all the map we have designed all the map so what we need to do again uh is to uh i don't remember locking this one we have to lock up this particular moisity so that the changes can be permanent so i have to lock it up so click on the moi city map then go to the layers by the right hand side click lock layers then click lock style for layers all right so that should be permanent now so you can still make an adjustment later but it means that the changes you have made will not you will not lose those changes so next thing i want to do which is the last one before i export my map is i want to give a border or a frame covering the three maps so that my maps will not just uh be on the on a kind of um would be without uh border so i want to create a frame or a border around the three maps the same frame so i'll come back and say pick add shape rather click add shape rectangle shape so i will now pick my rectangle shape from here and drag it over the three maps and drag it down drag it on okay and leave it so you can see as usual it will fill up the entire map so i have to make it transparent so go to item properties then click on style click on the style then simple fill then after clicking on simple fill come to fill color and make it uh transparent transparent you can see now it has already uh come up so you want to make the the the thickness of the outline of that frame you want to increase the thickness just come here to stroke widths and increase the thickness so that will be okay so come back to the map and click off click on outside of the map so your map is already is ready for uh to be exported as an image so once you are done with all these designs then come to layout go to layout the layout menu still on this layout view go to layout menu layout menu okay you can save the project first click on save project save project so then uh because i have not saved the project so that's why this one uh come up so i have to give it a name uh let's say um okay then click save so um all right so come back here all right i can then all right so i'll click on layout now layout layout then export as image click on export as image export as image all right so then you can [Music] give it a name give the image a name monga so click on so you can change the format you can make your image to be in any format header has a png format or bmp format depending on which uh the donor you want to publish in if they demand for png or dmp depending on the format they want so you can save your image in any format so i just say i'm saving that as a jpeg format so um so then click save so your map to bring up this so you can increase the resolution depending on which one you want or you will reduce the resolution of the image then click on save so key jazz will now export it do not export your map so it's exporting the map now let's give it some time it doesn't take time maybe one minute or so so the map is already all right so you can see export layout successfully all right so it has been exported successfully so i can now go to the folder where i have uh exported the the image so let's i come to the folder now do go to all right you can see now my map is already here so let me open it let me just open the map and see what to happen so this uh why the map is opening all right thing is coming up now so this has brought us to the end of uh how to prepare your sampling location okay this is my my map has already come up you can see the image now so this is the image you can see the country map the johor city then the muha sorry jero state and the moa city with everything so this is my map which i've just created so you can use this one for your publications or for anything you want to do and if you notice that there are other changes that you need to make that's the essence of saving the project so uh because if you don't save the project and you want to make changes your maybe after you have submitted the map for publication they ask you to make some corrections on the map you don't need to start afresh again just go to um let me minimize this just go to the qgis open your kgis uh data view and then uh go to project and open project go to open and open the project that you have already done before so you can then make the changes from the data or from the layout view you know then that will be the end of it so i believe everybody has understood how to make uh how to extract country um you know starting from how to download the country shapefile then to how to extract the state from the country and also how to extract the districts the cities that you're interested in and how to put in your sampling point uh on the city that you're interested in and then extracting the designing the maps and then exporting it as an image for for publication thank you very much so i will entertain questions and answers now questions and comments and whatever i'll entertain it right now thank you so much for listening okay thank you doctor for the sharing now we are in the q a session so participants may open their mind and camera or to ask questions or you can type out in the chat box anyone questions or you can type in your question also on in the chat box if you cannot you can type them in the chat box so can also respond okay a question came up somebody said how can i perform statistical analysis with qgi's um yes you can do this but that would be that cannot be covered in this webinar because that will take another presentation later on i can also present on that later on but uh but you have to know that any data that you want to analyze with uh qgis has to be a special data it cannot be an arbitrary data that you like for example maybe a data you collected from your uh maybe you're taking um you're reading your animal samples you're taking some measurements or you're writing you're trying to you're performing an experiment and then you are taking some readings and then you want to analyze the data you can't do that with kgis the data has to be the spatial data or the data has to be related to uh the the location that you are working on so that means that in the attribute table don't forget when i open the country the country uh boundary uh layer you we all saw the attribute table and you saw that all the the country has the states the the district the you know so you can also have some things like the population of people in each district so those on you can analyze those data you can analyze any other thing that is attached to these partial uh data that you are working on so it can't be and any other data that should be expansion data somebody says how can i how to match two maps from different countries yes you can march two months from different countries simple you need what you need to do is to extract bring each country one by one in the uh that means you you import them into the uh kgis data view like when i started so as you imported malaysia for example as a layer also go to your folder and import uh maybe thailand as another layer so when you have done that so in your in your layout view your layout view you can then bring each of them uh so as you select so just select each of them in the data view so in the layout view so you can draw each of them they will be side by side you can bring them together so i think that answers [Music] the question somebody said how do we how do we do a putting point if the sample side is in the ocean yes if he's in the ocean okay what you would do because the ocean is also part of a country right and then the ocean is part of the water the the the water bodies so when you are downloading your data sorry when you're downloading the yes the data that's the the country data from the diver gis remember we started from diver gis so instead of administrative area you will select the inland waters so you will select that so that will give you the the waters that is uh within each country or if it is ocean within or around each country so that from there you can still map your points you know because already you have the the boundary or the shape file of the ocean already so you can also do that and you can mark your points from there okay say for something areas are the lakes and rivers can we use the same yes exactly the same step just like a handset for uh you know if you want to map your points in the ocean so because each country has it will interest you to know that all the lakes and rivers in each countries have already been uh you know has already been the boundary maps have already been created for our use so what we need to do is to download the the the boundary or the shapefile for that particular uh country but you have to indicate that you are interested in the the inland waters all the so so that you can capture all the lakes and rivers within each country so you can then do the same manipulations with the data so it depends on the data that you're interested in so that's that that's one you will download on diver gis is because i was not i was interested only in the land that was why i picked the administrative data from diver gis so if i'm interested in waters or in any other uh areas i will just select that from liver gis and download the the shape file for that and then i will extract the one related to my own study area yes somebody asked that is there any limitation in using kgis um well so far i have not seen any any limitations so far because it can perform what i want so i just use it like i i actually i i started with using arcgis engines is uh not easy to get he's more complex is more so there are a lot of difficulties with arcgis in fact you may be you might try to extract something and then you know you have some issues along the line because maybe you missed the point but qgis can accommodate all your errors and so that's why i now shifted to kgis even though i have the two of them on my on my computer so but i have to shift to keep guys because i discovered that it's free i don't have to i don't have the money to get license for arcgis so i had to use kgi so i've not seen limitations so far [Music] somebody has their attendance for this lecture i think the moderator can answer that is their attendance for this lecture i think there is if the moderator is i think there is there should be attendance any other question modrico hello oh so is there any question do you have any other question um if not i think that's all for the q and a session so before that uh the third do you have any words okay okay thank you very much i want to say that um while i appreciate the uh the efforts of the team in bringing up this webinar i also want to appreciate the school of biological sciences university science malaysia for the privilege also given to me to present in this webinar so i want to encourage the participant to start using qgis because um like i said you can download it freely you can uh you can prepare the map of your choice so you can do anything you want with it because uh kj's will give you the room to make your map in line with the specifications given to you by your journal the journal article that you i mean the journal where you wish to publish and so instead of you searching for maps in google some of these maps may not fit into your own area of study or maybe just be too general for what you want to present so you can use kgis to make your specific uh maps and locate your study uh areas you know within the uh the the map so i think i want to encourage everybody to start using it it's easy to learn and then i can also try to make my slides available so maybe the moderator will share to you and then there is another thing my email also can be gotten from the moderator so that anybody can also reach me for further consultation thank you very much sorry sorry for the delay doctor okay um the other sisters thank you thank you so much this session is indeed enlightening for all of us and we would like to say thank you again for teaching how to create a proper study map using qgis and uh all right everyone so now we have come to the end of sessions um thank you for your willingness to be here today we hope that in the future you will be able to create your own study map which can better be used for your scientific publication thank you thank you so much for joining us and before we end our webinar i would like to remind all participants to scan the qr code for the attendance and e-certificate as well as for you to get the recorded version of this webinar so till we make gains assalamu alaikum and have a good rest stay safe and just take care thank you bye thank you bye bye everyone bye peace opportunities oh you you you you

Channel: Dr. Festus

Views: 64,543

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Id: 0YFkmVyV-jY

Length: 113min 40sec (6820 seconds)

Published: Mon Apr 04 2022