AP European History - French Wars of Religion

hi i'm sherry um today i'm going to be talking about the french towards the religion thank you so much for coming to watch my stream um a little bit about me is that i'm currently a junior in high school um and i practically self-studied a piero so if you guys need help just let me know um hi sarah so i'm going to get started with my stream um so as always so again i'm going to be teaching the french words religion today my name is sherry and make sure to follow fiveable on twitter instagram and youtube i personally like our instagram the best because it has really funny names so today i'm going to be talking about the frenchwords religion and in the stream i'm going to give you some background info on basically what caused it to happen um what it technically is who was involved the major events that occurred and what were the lasting effects on europe were so setting the scene we have this beautiful picture here um can you tell me like can you give me a guess on who you think this is in the chat so i'll give you like a few seconds to guess okay so this is not francis the first actually but before we find out who this person is we're just going to do a quick a quick review on what you should probably know before the which you should probably know some context about the french words of religion so we're going to talk about king francis the first and king francis the first ruled from 1515 to 1547 which i put here um personally i don't think he's very important for the ap euro test but if you want to remember his name and when he ruled go for it um so francis the first was king of france during 1515 to 1547 and if you know anything about the 1500s then you know that the reformation was occurring and lutheran martin luther was a pain in every monarch's and every catholic country's butt so basically protestantism spread to france right and once protestants tis and spread to france a bunch of people converted and it left and they started having a lot of religious religious like conflict not not actual fighting just they weren't unified anymore so basically francis the first although he was a catholic himself he decided to take the middle route and try to get a piece between the two but he was harsher on protestants and semi persecuted them so basically he's mostly important because he maintained absolutism in france you know divine right theory do you guys know what that is okay so divine right theory was basically the king is the king because god put him there bowden um no divine right theory so basically the king is the king because god put him there and no one can go against him because then you'd be going against god and that's a sin oh original theory well i'm not very sure um it's not personally when i took the test it wasn't very important to remember who origin who created the theory it's just important to know about the theory so he was king and no one could go against him just in case um and also francis the first installed a tail which is a well i can't say correctly oops but it's a direct tax on land and property so basically the peasants who suffer the most who suffer the most from this they have they were taxed on their land and property that's basically what we call what we remember francis the first for then we have the conquer that of bologna which basically the pope was granted the right to collect um revenue from church offices in return for the king being able to nominate high officials in the french church so basically that's a form of symmetry which is like paying for your paying for your offices not very holy which makes sense due to the reformation trying to reform church offenses at that time so it kind of plays in with the whole catholic church is corrupt um and then we have the protestant reformation obviously so that comes along and then the most lutheranism didn't really spread past germany um instead it was more so calvinism that spread to places like england and france so a lot of people so a lot of people mostly the nobility and middle class workers they converted to calvinism do you guys know what calvinists are called in france i'm pretty sure you guys have heard the term before no no one okay so calvinists are called huguenots so every time i mention hugonauts just try to remember that i'm talking about calvinists so they're a type of protestant um and then francis the first dies and his son henry ii ends up taking over from him so henry ii was he wasn't really trained to be a king in a sort of in a sense so he simply followed like my father like son that saying he basically followed followed his father's um his father's laws of persecuting humanoids because the royal family was the monarchy was catholic and you know when you're catholic and you pay for french offices you want to remain on the catholic church's good side so yeah so now that we've finished the quick refresher portion do you guys have any questions and can you tell me who this person is this long bearded gentleman over here yeah good job lucia that is john calvin so just remember that he's partially going to be responsible for everything that goes down alright so next we have the french wars what are the french words of religion so oh sorry okay so it took place from 1562 to 1598 in france obviously we call them the french wars for a region for french wars of religion for a reason and here we have a map of france during this time period so the green are catholic lands and here we can see that paris the capital is catholic and then here all the purple lands these are huguenot lands so calvinists you know they are mostly predominant they were mostly dominant in southern and western france and then yellows disputed land so we're finally gonna get into what are the french words of religion so basically there are series of wars fought between french calvinists and french catholics so huguenots and french catholics and there were eight civil wars the total eight official civil wars the total amount is still being debated but there are eight official civil wars and basically they were fueled by this a dispute between aristocratic houses so bourbon versus guys so the house of bourbon if you guys are like ahead of me in your classes right now you might know what happened to them in the future but basically the house of bourbon was a protestant house and they had they were semi-related to the monarchy so basically they were in line to be heir if none of them they were in line to be an heir a potential heir if none of the royal family had a child right um so they're going to be the protestant they're going to be on the protestant side in this war they're gonna be the huguenots okay and then we help have the house of guys so the house of guys was you know if bourbons are the protestants then guys is the catholic side and they sided with and they were also related to the monarchy everyone's related to the monarchy here so basically bourbon versus guys one had one had protestant influence and one had catholic influence but both were both wanted to take over the throne from the monarchy as people did back then because power is power um so foreign powers got involved in this war and when i say foreign powers i mean the big foreign powers we're talking about england and spain and if you guys remember from the age of exploration those two were the largest cut those two were the most powerful countries at that time um so can we guess what size they were on what side was england on and what side was spain on no guesses none okay so basically england was on the side yeah good job sarah england was with the protestants and this is because if you remember that they go with they associate with the church of what the anglican church now right because of henry viii and his wives his addiction to marrying more people i guess um so yeah england was with the protestants and spain you know philip ii we can basically tell that he was with the catholics so england supported the house of bourbon and spain supported the house of gods and this the wars of religion are considered the second deadliest religious war in europe can you guys guess what the first deadliest religious war is the crusades oh close close actually the deadliest the deadliest war in europe that was considered religious was the 30 years war so that's going to uh previously like the last stream the stream that came before me they just talked about that so now we're going to talk about who's involved in the french wars or religion do you have you guys have any guesses like the parties involved because we know there's huguenots and we know there's catholics but can i get like specific names maybe no sewing actually close actually not close judd but good guess um you think you're getting zlingry mixed with calvin so we have the catholics pretty obvious and we've got spain you know spanish armada you know spanish inquisition persecuted a bunch of not catholics that stuff and then we have the catholic league i don't really consider them important but they're just a good like name drop in your essays maybe house of guys which is the royal family i talked about that wants the throne all to themselves and the pope big surprise you know head of the catholic church obviously so this is the sigil of the house of guys um yeah so that's the sigil house of guys super elaborate super fancy next we have calvinist so you know as i said before they're known as huguenots and they were supported by england scotland and the house of navarre which is a subgroup of the house of bourbon so but this name navarro super important try not to refer to them as the house of bourbon unless you really forget it and then this is the real sigil of the house of bourbon and in the middle do you guys know who this is can i get some guesses who's like an important woman in french history any guesses and if you need a hint then she is part of the monarchy if that helps no guesses no one all right so in case you guys don't know who this is you know fancy headband fancy dress nice portrait all signs of a rich woman so this is dun dun dun kathryn medici and you guys know where the last name comes from the medici name yes no maybe so do you guys know when it came from why why that name is important like does it ring any bells for you guys maybe okay yeah good job sarah all right that's right in the renaissance they controlled florence italy that's really good so they were banking family in florence and then because they're a banking family in florence they gain a lot of power because that's how it was back in the renaissance due to their like enormous extravagant amounts of wealth and catherine was married off to france because they had so much power so can i get some guesses on what side the monarchy was on do you think they supported catholics or did you think they supported the calvinists basically the huguenots who do you think they supported catholics nice all right that's good that's really good yeah they supported the catholics at first you wouldn't be able to tell because katherine as queen regent since she married into the family instead of being born into the family um she had to advise her sons but henry ii as we just saw he didn't really listen so he followed after his father's footsteps but catherine stepped in and issued an edict of toleration to sort of released some of the tension that was building up as a result of huguenot persecution and this edict of toleration allowed them to basically live in societies by themselves but they technically weren't allowed to pray together it wasn't until a later event that they would very clearly side with the catholics so again we have catherine and now i'm going to talk about the monarchy and their role part in in their role in the french words of religion so the monarchy they were moderates and basically what that means was they weren't they weren't completely for the catholics and they weren't completely for the um for the huguenots at first you know they just want to avoid bloodshed in france and to solve tensions france already had england on their backs and you know trying to be the best power in the world while facing internal disunity does no benefits for you does no favors basically so what we call what we um so what we call putting aside your religion for something else for the good of the country we call that politics so these people were politics they placed their politics over their religion and that politic over their religion really it was a really um popular idea back in the day thanks to audubon bismarck well ottoman bismarck didn't exist back then but he would adapt politics and turn into real politique and that would make a very popular branch of politics so politics basically they included the advisors of the monarchy and the monarchy themselves and they just wanted to see france be united you don't want to fight internally as well as externally with england so they went away so they got so they ignored their catholicism and just focused on what was good for the country so as i said before this is the queen region catherine de medici italian woman who married into the french royal family and her children we have francis ii charles the fourth and henry the third now this is where everything took a really bad turn do you guys know what the same bartholomew's matt day massacre is and why catherine de medici is so is associated with it you guys said the answers earlier so well not earlier but you got the sign right this is why she became associated with the catholics and we're going to get into that really quickly so in this picture you guys see you know the bodies everywhere here are the soldiers here are some noble people you guys know who this figure in black is i think it's pretty obvious based off who you're just talking about but can you tell me who the figure in black is guys no no one yeah that's right all right so that is catherine and this picture if you couldn't tell already it's obviously very biased and it was drawn by a huguenot it was painted by a hugo not painter and he says and this is the louvre the building that they'll be out of they're walking out of is the louvre um so catherine's you know walking out surveying the bodies basically that basically the huguenots saw her as responsible because catherine eventually did support the house of guys who were catholic remember they were catholic when this occurred and the same part fellow music massacre is a catholic victory in a sort of sense um the catholics basically attacked a bunch of huguenots during during a wedding when they were attending a wedding and so just an important reminder is that huguenots consisted of the middle and nobility like i said before and catholics if we remember the french revolution nobles and those type of people nobles in the upper class to the amount of catholics yeah i think catholics win in size so a lot and i mean a lot of huguenots died it was one of the bloodiest days no a lot of yeah a lot of huguenots died it was one of the bloodiest days in french history very important for your essays um so we're gonna talk these are what i consider the three major events of the french wars of religion obviously we have saint bartholomy's day massacre which i just talked about and then we have the war of the three henrys now this is what i this is generally considered by historians to be the last and the last you know the eighth the eighth and last war in the french wars of religion and then we have the edict of nantes so basically we're going to go into the war of the three henrys right now so what are the three henries we have king henry iii of france number one henry of lorraine henry number two and king henry of navarre can i get some bets on which one of them survived who won the war the three henrys basically do you guys know can i get some bets is it number one king henry number one king henry number two or king henry number three you guys can just put a number like one two or three just let me know one oh any more all right so we have one one vote for number one anyone else so we have one two and three who do you guys think won other than sarah no other guesses okay so sarah i'm so sorry to tell you but that is that henry came in second place in the war and by second place i mean he died second in the war so let's start with who yusuf who you bet on king henry iii of france he was as you can tell the king of france and he was supported by royalists and politics so basically since we know politics are members of the monarchy and advisors to the monarchy then we know that they're already a little biased royalist too so he wasn't supported by a religious side he was supported by the moderates sadly he got assassinated by a crazy monk in 1589 which ended up making him second place in the war in the war of three hundreds henry of lorraine henry number two he was supported by the catholic league in spain so henry of lorraine originates from the house of guys told you they were important and the house of guys basically they're the catholic side obviously so it makes sense that they were supported by the catholic league in spain now this henry he finished last he was the first person to die because a estates general meeting basically not in a state's general but a general meeting was called during the myths of this this war this the wars of religion and henry of lorraine henry number two was like oh i think i'll kill the king at this meeting little did he know that king henry iii was already like one step ahead so king henry iii of france basically told henry of lorraine's guards to assassinate henry henry in 1588 one year before henry iii would die unfortunate but henry of the house of guys loses first so then finally henry number three we have bart and he do you guys remember house of navarre that i said earlier they're a subgroup of the house of bourbon right so he was supported by huguenots in england because his house is the protestant house and basically like i said before king henry of navarre outlives the others and is announced as the heir to henry iii by henry iii so when king henry iii was attacked by a crazed monk he didn't automatically die no no no he had to suffer and i'm not saying this to be cruel but when he was stabbed he was saved at first but and then they took him to go heal to rest and like you know get medical treatment as best as they could do back then but it didn't do much for them because i didn't do much for king henry iii because back then medicine isn't that great so his womb basically festered and he became iller and iller and hitler and on his death bed king henry of navarre went up to him so basically henry lorraine and king henry of navarre are the only are the only suitable heirs for the throne basically and henry of lorraine got offed by his long remove his very much removed cousin king henry iii of france so that leaves king henry and navarre as the only heir left so on king henry the third's death bread king henry iii um tells henry navarre that he's going to name him the heir and this is good and well king henry navarre accepts and yeah he accepts basically becoming king henry iv however there was one term one little term of agreements so on his deathbed king henry iii basically grew up in the midst of the french wars of religion and he saw how much religion had broken apart france so to fix that he asked king henry of navarre for one tiny favor now henry didn't have to accept by the way henry was like the only suitable heir but he asked him for one tiny favor and king henry basically agreed so this little favor was that if you become king if i name you my heir will you please convert to catholicism you know because the crown and the catholics had such a tight crown in the catholic church had such a tight relationship and the people were mostly catholic protestantism was just a tiny minority of course tiny in population terms a lot but they were just a tiny minority of france because they were the upper class so king henry anvari being the good kind-hearted person he is says okay i'll convert to catholicism upon being coronated and that's exactly what he does so here we have some pictures of the fallen henry's rest in pieces and here we have the victorious henry of navarre with his smug grin and everything here is the most iconic line from the french words of religion that i feel like every apu teacher will put on their presentation slides and now i'm doing it so this is king henry iv's coronation as you can see here's the here's the pope guess why we have a pope there and this is king henry iv and all the nobles around him are watching and this is king henry iv when he was reigning during his reign he got his portrait done stood nice and tall but this is his coronation and the pope was there and what he said about being crowned was paris is worth a mass and mass is what catholics go to hint so paris is worth a mass so basically this quote says that all that fighting that they went for went through during the french religion it really wasn't worth it um henry iv basically saw how much it destroyed the nation internally and he knew that if he remained protestant fighting would only just keep happening because you know now the crown's protestant oh no the nobles have more power because they're protestant too but yeah and then the cat and the people the peasants who were mostly catholics they would not be happy very happy with that so he converted to catholicism to appease the masses and that's when he said paris is worth a mass paris is worth going to something that he's never done before converting his religion and it's basically worth being a catholic for it's worth going against your religion for is what he's saying and if you remember the word politique this is such a good example of being apolitique because he's placing his country over his religion and king henry iv was a really good king he helped unify he helped unify france so now we're going to talk about the effects of the french words of religion we got a new monarch oh my gosh absolutism still existed but they weren't as biased towards worm religion anymore and they didn't really care about and the new monarch ended the house of the voice i can never pronounce that quickly but they ended the line of the house of the boys because all of catherine de medici's children died very sad but they all died so the new house that replaced the house of allies was the house of bourbon and decades of religious warfare left henry of navarre as the last successor to the throne the only suitable successor in the last remaining successor religious tolerance never thought i'd see that in france but basically the edict of nantes oh egypt up egyptians comes up again so huguenots are finally given rights to practice their religion in a predominantly catholic france they could establish their own communities you know pray worship they weren't persecuted anymore jews um but huguenots you know a lot to worship have their own communities catholics didn't bother them anymore we're no longer persecuted being spain peace in france so as i said decades of warfare had ruined the country right and you know people grow up in this war people grew up in this war seeing all this fighting between huguenots and catholics but the edict of nantes did a really great thing in that it would cause the huguenots and catholics to cease fighting and it led to an uneasy truth like the uneasy truths meant that while they may not be comfortable with each other they definitely followed the law and respected one another's right to practice their own religion because you know no one wants their family member to die just because someone else practices a different religion and we have the monarchy being strengthened so the monarchy during the war was so i wouldn't say useless but they were pretty pretty bad catherine de medici did her best to try to mend men relationships between the two religions at first but over time her patients waned and she snapped and when i mean snap she snapped it basically culminated in the same bartholomew's day massacre when she sided with the house of guys and the catholics over 12 000 catholics by the way who had attacked all the huguenots and basically killed them and it was solved by king henry iv so king henry iv yes that is king henry of navarre so when he's coordinated he takes up the mantle king henry iv because there were three more henry's before him and the wars had basically weakened the monarchy's authority you know catherine domenici her sons weren't really trained no one son died another one had to take up the mantle catherine was queen region she basically controlled them in a sense so she was doing all the work and then king henry iv came in with the wars with this war of the three henrys when the war of the three henrys occurred by the way king catherine di minishi died her son king henry iii of france took over and she died only a few months before her son did so that ended that that basically ended the family line right there and king henry iv when he came into power he did a lot to help the he did a lot to help france he reduced the tail which if you remember francis the first had set and he basically made it easier to gain money within france he helped improve the economy he is a beloved france he was a beloved king and reaffirmed the absolutism of the crown all right so thank you for watching do you guys have any questions is there any questions about the french words or religion maybe we can go over some um past ap euro prompts about the french wars does that sound good let me know do you guys need any help particularly like is there any questions you have about the french wars that i can answer yes no maybe so no question guys okay well oh the francis ii died before adventure actually no that's a good question i didn't really go over her sons did i let me go back oh let me go back real quick and brought down mr mask okay here so we have the monarchy right and these are catherine de medici's sons she married henry ii she was arranged to marry henry ii and her sons went in the order of francis ii charles was four charles the ninth and henry iii and basically francis ii did not die before the war started french war started he was actually alive and ruled during the second and third wars i believe and it was really uh it was really sad when he died however because while he was hard on the huguenots he was definitely reigned in by his mother and francis ii was always a sickly boy so he died fairly young does that answer your question he's definitely around for the first few wars and but he wasn't around for saint paul follow me massacre which took place in the fourth official war of religion any more questions no yes maybe so how about we go over a ap euro topic on the french words of religion sound good are there any questions about like what might be on the ap euro test or something that i can do to help you like prepare because i know euro has kind of a nasty reputation also the time periods change this year so i'm not familiar with them because they got split into nine from four of them so if you have any key points you want me to hit on or you can tell me like what they're looking for in this one i can help you guys because i took the test last year and the test didn't change just the time periods yes no maybe so i know i didn't go over the the first six war um i know i didn't go over all the wars basically but they're not really important like what you'll learn them in class have you guys learned the french towards the clock of religion and class already can i get a yes i know yes no i did learn this in class i didn't learn this in class nothing okay well you guys have any questions no well thank you guys so much for watching i really appreciate it um make sure you come back next week for more streams and yeah that's it thank you guys so much for watching if you have any questions you can say them now before i end it no okay thank you guys so much for watching um i hope you guys learned a lot or maybe you got some review in or something uh thank you guys any again thank you guys and make sure you check into my next stream oh tiffany do you haven't oh okay well make sure you guys check into my next stream thank you

Channel: Fiveable

Views: 967

Keywords: ap euro, ap euro crash course, ap euro dbq, ap euro industrial revolution, ap euro leq

Id: rhCGfDiqM6A

Length: 43min 56sec (2636 seconds)

Published: Sun Dec 20 2020