1,074 MPH BASEBALL vs. 1 Gallon of Mayonnaise - Smarter Every Day 264

foreign [Music] this is a supersonic baseball Cannon we built it because it's awesome and it can make baseballs go supersonic what have we done look at it we initially just wanted to see if we could make a baseball go past the speed of sound and we can 1050 miles an hour Mach 1.38 so now it's time to figure out how to use this thing as a tool because I want to do a lot of cool stuff with it here on smarter every day so let's have a brief discussion here Matlab is cool but have you done plywood check this out so this is a graph of a smooth sphere and this is a plot of drag Force versus velocity or speed and so you can see what happens here is as the ball goes faster and faster and faster it ramps up in terms of drag and then at some point it breaks over a little past 200 miles an hour and then it drops off and then it tapers up into Infinity as you go past that well see the thing is with our supersonic baseball Cannon we spend a lot of time on this side of the curve so we don't really know what happens here this is for a smooth spear this is done by a guy named Wesson we're going to see what we can do with a baseball the way we're going to do that is we're going to characterize this thing and that's a fancy way of saying we're going to figure out how it works check this out so this graph is a graph of pressure and velocity and what I want to do is I want to figure out how much pressure to put in the pressure vessel how much of a vacuum to pull in the vacuum Barrel here and what velocities we get as a function of those things so it's actually going to be like a 3D surface but we're going to stick to the plywood method for now because we're in the field we'll record all the data later here's the thing though I've rented high-speed cameras and I've actually called in a favor from Gavin this is a v3610 I'll get you in the light here this is a super fast high speed camera 36 000 frames per second that's really really fast over here we've got Gavin's 4K high speed camera that's amazing that's a phantom vao 4K Trent's running all the data here so uh he's a little stressed we've got four high-speed cameras patched in to a network there 's George George is helping with all kinds of stuff here this is the v2511 this is the smarter everyday camera and what we're going to do with this is we're going to look at the overall View and as the baseball comes out here we're going to track the velocity over time until it gets to the Target for Target effects we have this it's a v 7510 this is a new high-speed camera 75 000 frames per second that's like stupid stupid stupid here is what we're shooting I don't care what we hit I just care about the velocity from there to there so I asked the patrons of smarter every day thank you very much for your support patrons what to hit and they came up with some really strange things I don't know what's wrong with the person that uh said we should do that we've got five pounds of silly putty we've got cake sprinkles and we have more things in the back of my truck I'll reveal those slowly as we go that's just like the sugar on top but this is where it's at check this out this is a boresight tool very important note here removed before firing what we can do with this is we can look down the shot path of the cannon and we can aim in terms of inches now that's really cool so I don't know if I can view this it's very hard to line up but as you go down in here yeah look at that so you can see where the baseball hit last time that's cool we're gonna be able to aim much more accurately now okay so this is the goal we're going to shoot the cannon we're going to get the velocities as a function of pressure and we're going to see what happens to baseballs once we get it into really weird aerodynamic regimes so we're going to point the bore scope there you're going to look through it yep okay so the question is are we going to hit that so that'll tell us if we're able to aim this thing this is our datum this is the beginning of the Canon right there and then every five feet we've got it marked out we're going to put our Target at about 30 something feet when we do that first shot no target just camera check out got a checklist today on the phone time to load a baseball I forget how tight that is all right we put the plastic over here just so we can pull a vacuum start gh5s confirm Focus battery and card you happy on gh5s George uh I am confirmed Phantom buffers set correctly on all cameras okay all right time to pull a vacuum here we go so we've got pressure here we've got vacuum here um we've got an offset of 0.8 as we start this one minus point eight oh God it's pulling it fast it's so great okay on the first shot we're just gonna do a checkout of the whole system nothing down range we're just going to fire the thing and make sure we can hit where we're aiming at so we could do 300 PSI yes I do 300. okay game time decision first calibration shot 300 PSI at about a minus 7.2 PSI vacuum ears on if you want them I'm good I'm good final pressure on this 300 PSI a vacuum of -8 on the gauge which is about minus 7.2 firing in three two one two one one okay we've got our v2511 shot here from the side it's 90 degrees to the flight line which allows us to do some really cool measurements the way we need to do this though is we have these little flags on the ground we have 5 10 15 20 25 30 feet on the flags so we can do this really cool thing where we measure how many inches each pixel is worth so if we say from there to there is 30 feet which is 360 inches that gives us a pixel calibration of 0.344 inches per pixel knowing this we can now make measurements so what I'm going to do is I'm going to say distance angle and speed from two points I'm going to play until the ball exits the barrel I'm going to take a first point here and then because we can know how far this thing travels now and we know how much time is in between each frame we can get the actual speed of the baseball it was going 917 miles an hour oh we can chart data now oh where's all right oh data it's exciting all right so so that was 300 PSI and we did 917 miles an hour all right I'm excited too so happy about graphing so it's I mean look at my graph it's amazing Okay so oh did we we didn't yeah we did record the temperature and humidity right so 1.195 Mach so Mach 1.2 so we've got 300 PSI Mach 1.2 we have our first data point look at it it's right there that's our data point all right that's a good data point that's a great that's one of my favorite data points and that was at uh minus eight uh PSI on the barrel so if we fire this thing again with no vacuum in the barrel we should get a lower velocity so let's fire at 300 PSI with no vacuum on the front and then if it does that then we're starting to define the graph okay so I'm going to say oh I need to say that we had vacuum do you have do you have a little pencil or something I can I can already tell that we're going to put this on the wall like I can already tell we don't have a pen oh that's a black all right you can use this but that's my pen okay I'll give it right back so that is that is uh about minus so it was a minus eight on the vacuums to be about minus minus 7.2 PSI Barrel cool 300 PSI tank feels legit all right that's great man all right so now let me put that data in the spreadsheet and then if I keep playing if I keep playing this thing down here it should be at a different velocity down here so that should be lower which would indicate drag 831 miles an hour so we just defined the drag coefficient of a baseball from 917 miles an hour to about 825. I need to make another I need to make another thing so yeah so what I need to do is I need to draw one of these and and go out here and so we Define the baseball curve out here there's something funny about writing out zero to two thousand miles an hour knowing that you might actually be able to do it on a piece of plywood and so I'm just going to draw a dotted line and then we'll go back in and we'll we're trying to get all the data here so we can get the complete drag of a baseball can I please see your PIN again I'll be nice to it the curve shape means nothing I just kind of Drew something and then I'll just fill this in as we go we knew from before that from zero to 600 miles an hour has been done and I'm assuming that was a spinning baseball who knows this is not a spinning baseball this is a knuckle ball okay it is time for the first smarter everyday Patron Target suggestion this is from Andrew Maxie who suggests sprinkles Andrew has been a patron since April thank you very much for your support Andrew and what is this what are you doing you do not want to be here this is not no come on come on oh you're beautiful I shall name you sprinkles all right why don't you stay over here and become a big beautiful butterfly that'd be great also the lighting is incredible right now on you whoa oh yeah super Summit baseball Cannon forgot oh dude it's so silly it's like a weapon aimed at sprinkles [Laughter] all right here we go all right that's our sprinkle situation we need to move it a little bit Dustin your audio is rolling for sure yes my audio is rolling pickle switches in your hand in my hand everyone's in the safe location correct goggle time everyone gargled always we've got sprinkle goggle issues this time everyone be careful yeah that's true I wonder what it's going to smell like it's gonna smell like ants okay here we go pressurizing 270 going to 300. dude this is supposed to be awesome my heart's beating faster uh 290 oh this is gonna be great George you ready yep 300 no it's got to be 300 I want you yeah everybody ready rolling rolling rolling I'm good okay here we go shot two say 300. all right here we go sprinkles how you get ants three two one oh there's the baseball all right I got it I do so much happening right now all right this sprinkled slowed the baseball down okay we didn't have a vacuum oh it smells like burnt sprinkles look at this oh oh that's that's phenomenal look at that okay that's interesting it just made candy hold on oh it's like confectioner sugar oh look at that gotta eat it right have to this just tastes like icing is the sugar is so uh finely ground oh interesting look at this oh this is pretty look at this very interesting come look at the sugar the sugar you got your knife you gotta do a taste test dude get your knife right here taste that is it real it's good that's 100 pure sprinkles but it's been treated with mock treated with a Shockwave oh my gosh that's good this is unbelievable look at the 3610. wow that's a lot happening [Applause] foreign foreign think about this this is crazy momentum is conserved right so the ball is going straight in and so the total momentum after the Collision is equal to the total momentum before the Collision I mean there's some inefficiency there and it raises the temperatures but that's why the ball goes to the right and the sprinkles go to the left so all these sprinkles that are slowly moving to the left the sum of that velocity to the left of The Parting line is equal to the sum of the Velocity the velocity times mass to the right parting line right yes this is a beautiful like Galaxy Collision simulation is what this is only sprinkles if you pause it it almost looks like it's still moving it's wild all right so Andrew's sprinkle idea was pretty good I must admit yeah good job Andrew oh man I almost want to do that again and do it super super tight we have another one don't we we have another one I don't know do we do that or we go to the next thing let's do the next thing so we shoot a jar of mayonnaise dude have you looked at the wide I'm just curious oh yeah yeah we gotta do the data I'm sorry okay good yeah that's right I care about the data that's the only thing we're doing here so yeah I got graphs yeah yeah what are we doing here we're graphing velocity versus pressure there's drugs data time all right all right here we go math is happening I'm trying to sound like a calculator calculator okay muzzle velocity any guesses this is no vacuum my guess is that it doesn't affect it my guess is that it's lower my guess is lower what was the last shot at 913 miles an hour this time is 849. yep so it's lower so Mach 1.1 right here can I see your PIN again oh yeah I didn't you know where I had to it wasn't returned last time oh I'm sorry 300 PSI tank black means no pressure on the vacuum and so that's Mach 1.1 the velocity at Target is 746. okay filling in the graph all right I just plotted this uh we were able to fill in 746 to 840 on our velocity charts now it's time I say we shoot faster now all right so we're doing well in our primary objectives on our secondary objectives it's starting to get weird uh Joseph Robinson I don't know what's wrong with you but uh apparently we're gonna shoot a gallon of mayonnaise thank you for supporting on patreon it's extra heavy mayonnaise shooting a gallon of mayonnaise with a supersonic baseball is weird but I'm excited about it we need to move that way move it up oh wait I can move the mayonnaise we need to move the whole Cannon or I could just do that supersonic baseball Cannon versus mayonnaise so just to be clear three two one sure okay turn the vacuum off okay I'm on your on your account okay three two one five two one good gracious oh there's so much mayonnaise out there it turned white there's a mistress oh Joseph Robinson what have you done oh dude it's on the camera it's on the camera no mayonnaise on that camera no mayonnaise on that camera do we have any mayonnaise on the Drone drone looks good oh golly I cannot describe the smell it's like oh no oh no no no no no no oh the grass is slippery look my my shoes are oily okay I hope it looks cool ah so we got the the sprinkles mixed with mayo well I guess this will keep our plate from rusting did the ball survive I don't know I don't know why this made me sad you sound like upset what's that you sound upset I don't know why it's so upsetting oh man go down there and look at it and you'll figure out why It's upsetting they got mail on my drone did you really yeah it stinks oh golly and then instead of the mavic it's the Mayo I did not enjoy that I just want my data does it explode in an interesting way it's quite interesting Dustin where does it hit did we aim correctly we hit dead center did we really dead center so three right here oh I'm hanging oh oh God oh God is it visually stunning yes yes it is Dustin something about that just felt weird you feel a little dirty all right all right you want to see this oh no wait how about this look oh good old kins extra heavy mayonnaise all right are you ready I don't think I am actually okay I'm gonna fast forward and stop it there's a Shockwave dude did you see this fire foreign oh my gosh that is amazing go away did you see the Shockwave before it got there we saw a shadow graph I'm in your lap I'm uncomfortable with this look look at that is that the plastic what is this it's a shock wave that is amazing so we made fire we diesel the mayonnaise is on fire this is the best ever Testament for Ken's extra ever met any mayonnaise ever dude okay you got to go back look at the Shockwave first oh I saw it what is the red is that the this is the paint is it the stitches or the sticker ripping it's the sticker stuff 86 degrees Fahrenheit 52 relative humidity 29.86 inches of mercury okay so that was 75-10 36 10. foreign [Music] that is incredible it looks like lips yeah really big lips did you see that no I did not wow look Okay so everything is coming towards the camera right yeah and then when the gas hits oh I see like a wall watch look at that watch it just it's still doing it yeah it all stopped it's all just like it's no longer moving towards you that's there it goes oh they're popping I like they're hit in the back the the back stuff what's happening they're hitting the backstop and popping look right here yeah yeah yeah yeah foreign have you smelled it down there yet oh I know right that's just nasty I know it is like I don't want to touch it you have to I know [Laughter] that's awful that poor backdrop that was so like it was all like rainbow oh you see why I'm sad now I do you came back and you were so deflated I get it data time math happening all right so the muzzle velocity is a thousand seventy four miles per hour Target velocity 968. we didn't quite overlap so may I please have your PIN again I know so that was 500 PSI thank you 1.4 Mach 1.4 1 2 3 4. so that's what happens if you hit a jar of mayonnaise with a baseball at a size and 74. yes now we know obviously that question has been answered finally all right everything is happening according to what you would expect so anyway that's our that's our new data point right there feel good about that we are trending up which is expected obviously so good this episode is smarter every day is sponsored by Audible and I love that fact because I get to tell you about an audiobook that means a lot to me you might not know but in that tire swing right there was the first time smarter every day was ever sponsored I told you about a book by a guy named C.S Lewis called The Voyage of the Dawn Treader well I'm going to tell you about one today that's even cooler than that it's called the screw tape letters and this book's crazy it's about a demon who's teaching a younger demon how to tempt a human that sounds crazy because it is and the book is awesome you gotta check this out you can get this by going to audible.com smarter or texting the word smarter to 500 500 here's the deal though if you do that you're gonna get an audible subscription you get a book a month but this is a part of the plus catalog there's this whole section that are like extra and you can pick whatever you want the screw tape Letters by C.S Lewis to my surprise this audiobook is in the plus catalog so you get it audible.com smarter text the word smarter 500 500 I go through this book with a bunch of dudes from my church we listen to one of the skirt tape letters and then we talk about it for an hour we do that every week it's incredible go check this out the screw tape Letters by C.S Lewis you will not be disappointed with this audiobook it's very very deep all right so obviously we only did a few data point shots in this episode it was just really interesting so this is like a way to get started we've got some more data points coming up some patrons have suggested some more things to shoot at it's fascinating we got that silly putty I mentioned we have some stuff I didn't tell you about so please consider subscribing if you'd like to see that also if you'd like to be a patron I'd love to send you a baseball like this and if you have been a patron for a while I've got something cool I'm going to send you as a way to say thanks for sticking around and being a patron for a while anyway that's it I'm destined you're getting smarter every day have a good one you remember this club look at that yeah anyway have a good one bye

Channel: SmarterEveryDay

Views: 2,912,903

Keywords: Smarter, Every, Day, Science, Physics, Destin, Sandlin, Education, Math, Smarter Every Day, experiment, nature, demonstration, slow, motion, slow motion, education, math, science, science education, what is science, Physics of, projects, experiments, science projects, Supersonic Baseball, Baseball, Baseball Cannon, World's Fastest Pitch, Mayonnaise, Extra Heavy Mayo, World Series

Id: pAOCiNhQW2Y

Length: 27min 53sec (1673 seconds)

Published: Thu Oct 28 2021

Reddit Comments

[u/shield-616]

It's like Demolition Ranch, but we learn something.

[u/W0rldcrafter]

I did some searching and figured out Sprinkles is a Gulf Fritillary caterpillar.

[u/uncivlengr]

Pre-test Destin: "I don't care what we hit, I'm just here for the velocities"

Post-test Destin: "Look I need to taste these pulverized sprinkles, and if you compare the relative velocities of the sprinkles going in each direction you can see the conservation of momentum...."

[u/[deleted]]

When firing a super sonic baseball at a jug of mayo, there are 2 kinds of people: Both are seen here, lol

[u/sirbrown22]

Please please please take it somewhere and see how far you can shoot it!

[u/wack1]

This is why I love this channel. Learning physics while maniacally giggling as stuff blows up in beautiful slow motion

[u/runamuckalot]

u/MrPennywhistle I'm surprise the thin plastic tape is enough to hold a vacuum in the tube. In my mind a vacuum is a really strong force that would need really strong walls to contain it, is this not the case? and why?

[u/interestingNerd]

I want to see the full curves! I guess it's probably embargoed until the journal paper is published so I'll have to wait.

[u/Unroasting]

Fill a jug full of cornstarch water and jawbreakers.