WHAT CEMENT SHOULD I USE (Part 2) MIke Haduck

hi i'm mike haddock and today i'm going to do a video on what cement i should use part two now when i was young and growing up there was only two types of cement we used one was portland and one was mortar i'm going to explain the about those first and then i'm going to move on and explain about today's cement where they add the sand and they make it fast drying and all these different things so let's go first into one of the box stores and look at those two products portland and mortar well i'm into one of these box stores and when i come into one of these box stores i get two types of cement 95 of the time i get a type s masonry cement and i pick up portland p-o-r-t-l-a-n type one or two it doesn't matter that's usually ninety percent of what i pick up now the first type of cement we're going to look at is the portland cement and we're going to forget about this name because you could buy portland anywhere from any company and this is type one or two if you read spanish it's typo one or two and it says the main ingredient for concrete and that's exactly correct because this is everything that the bridges and all the highways and everything swimming pools that's what this is made out of so it says down here it complies with the current astm c 150 well what that stands for is the american science society for testing materials and the c stands for ceramics concrete or masonry materials they this company started in the late 1800s dealing with railroad steel and they went on to different things now god blessed them they got a good information we're not going to go with them we're going to go with the mhsohk which is the mike haddock school of hard knocks and when i'm talking about doing everything it's then in the area that i live because that's what really matters it's not what the package says it's where you live and which masons are doing what kind of work so let's look at the directions and we're in back of the package and we're looking at the directions and if you're going to do a concrete mix this is what they recommend one part portland cement two parts all purpose sand and three parts all-purpose gravel if i use that in my area that'll fall apart in three four five years i don't use that and i don't use this and i don't use that so let me show you what i use when i do anything with portland cement it's two sand to one portland cement and these are the things i use it for now when i'm doing a stone patio i use two sand to one portland when i do a stone sidewalk two sand to one portland if i'm building a retaining wall it's usually two sand or one portland a bird bat two sand to one portland an old table two sand to one portland if i'm resurfacing a driveway i'll just use straight portland to make it into a paint and i have videos on white washing and bonding how i would use portland for a bonding agent so my rule of thumb is anything that's laying flat on the ground that's patios or concrete or retaining walls or anything that's outside gonna get hit directly with the weather i use portland and nothing but portland i don't use any s border so now we're going to talk about s mortar now let's talk about s mortar this is the border i usually use when i'm doing brick or block sometimes stone but only if it's inside never outside and this is type n mortar now let me just give you a little rundown on how they figured this all out i don't know who did this but they took the word mason work and they took the word m and this is 100 portland if you get type s that's 67 percent portland and 33 line if you take the word n that's 50 portland 50 lime if you take the word o it's 33 portland 50 lime and if you take the word k it's 100 lime or what they now call mortar so that's what they did i don't know why they did it's just confusing the old timers would just take their lime and mix it with their portland to what they needed but now they're trying to standardize everything and that's why everything got so confusing now here's the back of the package type s and here's what they're recommending they're recommending that you use one part of this to two and a half to three parts of masonry cement if i use that in my area it's going to fall apart let me show you an example now here's an old brick building here's what happens when buildings see what happens how it all deteriorates on the bottom here's another example of a building what happens to the brickwork see it's all good up there but down where the water table it is it all falls apart and here's a perfect example why i don't use end mortar in pennsylvania see how the joints are good up here and you get down here right where the sidewalk is and the bricks actually fall apart that's typical in pennsylvania now when you see that what happens in our area is the rain comes down it splashes against the brickwork because it's lime in its mortar water gets in there and it falls apart that's why i always add portland to my mortar which is called s mortar now so i usually use two sand to one s mortar to do all my work let's look at what i use it for now if i'm doing any kind of brick work i use two sand to one s mortar if i'm doing any kind of block work i use two sand to one s mortar i have series on this stuff but i'm filling in a brick window two sand to one s border foundations two santa one s mortar if i'm doing stone veneer 2 santo and s mortar and if i'm doing any masonry wall repair 2 sand to 1s mortar so that's the standard mix i use in my area and you're going to ask me why is that let's take a look at my weather it's freezing it's dawn it's raining it's freezing it's dying it's raining it's freezing and thon so up here in my area if i don't do that it's going to fall apart and i'm the guy that got to go around fixing it all the time now if you go to down to philadelphia it's seven degrees difference it's not it's not that harsh and you can make your cement a little bit weaker a little bit more sand there and it gives that expansion and that's why you use lime and mortars it could kind of expand and contract a little more if you use portland it's really hard a lot of different views on it it depends on what you're using it but that's basically the gist of it now let's go look at some of the products where the sand and the portland and the lime and the mortars already in it so we know when we buy this this is this does not contain the sand this is type one or two we gotta mix the sand with it same with this product type s mortar we gotta mix the sand with it but this product here all you do is you just add water and it's called a mortar mix again forget about the name that's just the company that makes it and it says it's for barbecues planters tuck pointing mortar joints pillars walls in other words you mix this it's got the sand in it you're ready to go for certain things here's another company i like this company specifics 80 pound bag and look at what it says border it says portland lime and sand and they're telling you what's in it already my buddy uh jack braviac he uses that a lot it's simple i like the product and i'm not afraid to use it so let me just give it a little further demonstration here so i opened all the bags now when i i use in portland this portland i have to mix it with sand see the sand see the sand right there i'd mix it with sand and if i was going to make concrete i mix it with gravel that would be my concrete and my mix where i live in northeastern pennsylvania would be one and a half shovels of portland to two shovels of sand to two shovels of gravel then i know i'm good now if i get over here same thing and i'm doing uh i want to show you this too you see it's a little bit see it's starting to get hard already so another thing i want to tell you is when you buy this stuff as soon as you get it put it in a plastic bag and seal it up it'll last a lot longer but if i'm doing brick work one part mortar and i'd get two of sand and i'd mix it up and that would be my mix for brickwork i wouldn't mix gravel with it because it's not concrete now this stuff right here you can't barely see it but it's got the sand already in it all you got to do is add water and the same thing with the spec mix and this my buddy jack revic likes a lot he does a lot of plastering with it because it's like a finer sand so every mason that i know has their own mixes now let's just say i'm using this or i'm using this and i think i wanted a little harder for some reason i might add a little bit portland to it so when they came out with this uh tight bass and typo and everything they confused everybody the old-timers used to just take the mortar really stick to portland and mix the sand according to the way they wanted to use it and they're trying to standardize everything you can't use it so i hope that makes sense so here's one of the biggest points i'm trying to make what works in florida doesn't work in pennsylvania what works in pennsylvania does it work in alaska what works in alaska doesn't work in southern california it's all different they use different mixes they might add a little more sand or a little less sand depending on what you're doing and where you're doing it weather is one of the biggest factors now if you've seen my videos on conway castles one of my favorite ones they use lime over there but their weather is different and that's all they had you see my videos on the great wall of china or the pyramids or all these other videos i do they use different stuff you got to basically ask the local guys when you're buying a product ask the local guys what they use in their area and what works they're the guys that really know now in 95 of my videos i show you what mix i use for that situation in my area let's go over my two rules of thumb first of all if it's portland and it's laying flat on the ground this is the stuff i use it for now when i'm doing a stone patio i use two sand to one portland when i do a stone sidewalk two sand to one portland if i'm building a retaining wall it's usually two sand to one portland a bird bat two sand to one portland an old table two sand to one portland if i'm resurfacing a driveway i'll just use straight portland to make it into a paint and i have videos on white washing and bonding how i would use portland for a bonding agent so my rule of thumb is anything that's laying flat on the ground that's patios or concrete or retaining walls or anything that's outside going to get hit directly with the weather i use portland and nothing but portland i don't use any s border now let's go to my next rule of thumb if it's up and down it's brickwork or block work it's usually mortar and this is what i use it for if i'm doing any kind of brick work i use two sand to one s mortar if i'm doing any kind of block work i use two sand to one s mortar i have series on this stuff when i'm filling in a brick window two sand to one s border foundations to santa 1s mortar if i'm doing stone veneer to santo and s mortar and if i'm doing any masonry wall repair two sand to one s mortar so that's it that's my two rules of thumb if it's up and down it's usually s mortar if it's laying flat it's always portland now back in the old days they made all the castles and everything with lime because that's all they had and now they call it mortar to keep changing their names and portland is the newer stuff this was started using in the early 1900s and they started making highways and bridges and everything at it but cement is not a glue it's a binder that's what you're doing you're binding everything together mortar gives a little bit of stretch and flexibility portland's pretty solid anybody drives down the highway knows is pretty solid i go 100 percent with everything i said from my first video what cement i should use part one and i also did a series which is real important if you really want to know the basics and how to use this go to my series it's called masonry tips for beginners i have three of them part one part two and part three and that gets you to jest on how to use all this stuff sometimes i get comments where people tell me that you can't use anything in these historic buildings except lime or what they call mortar if you go to the indiana limestone handbook and these are the people to provide the limestone for the cathedrals page 22 it shows where they do add portland to it now when i went to washington dc and i went to the washington national cathedral i did a little interview with the mason who does this kind of work on the cathedral and he does use portland and he talked about it at the end but the rule of thumb and anytime you're building something with cement is a cement should be softer than the product you're working with in other words if this was granite the cement should be softer than the granite if this is limestone the cement should be softer than the limestone that's the rule of thumb you use when you're working with cement i think i said enough about mortar or portland or what i call traditional cement now i'm going to talk about the fast drying simmons years ago i was born in the early 50s and i was working with my dad in the 60s so that's 50 some years there was nothing like this it was only mortar and portland and you had to go back the next day and go over it and maybe the next day and go over it again but with these fast drying products you could put it in boom boom you're done this is a fast setting concrete mix and sometimes i think it's a little weak if i'm doing a sidewalk i might add some portland to it you put it in an hour later you can walk on it there's no problems with traditional cement you might have to wait to the next day if i'm filling in a window around the window i use this rapid set mortar mix now i did a video on rapid set i really like their products it's great i could go in there one day i save the customers money i save myself some time everything's good repair mortar this takes a little longer to set so i use it in different circumstances like if i'm doing a chimney i have to get the cement up to the roof i get 20 25 minutes to get it done this is only about 10 minutes so you got to kind of experiment with it the sand and the cement everything is one shot all you got to do is add the water and use it so that's the end of part two i hope you got something out of it i'm glad to be done with it amen which means that's the way it is or so it is or so be it everybody's got a different opinion on what cements to use i'm trying to get that point across and it depends on the weather in your area what you use or what you mix so until next time i'm mike haddock that's it you

Channel: Mike Haduck Masonry

Views: 108,330

Rating: 4.9396739 out of 5

Keywords: what cement should i use part 2, cement use, concrete vs. cement, understanding concrete cement mortar, what is different types of mortar, types of cement, quikrete concrete, s mortar, n mortar, portland cement, the difference between concrete and cement, difference between portland and mortar, portland type 1 or 2, grades of concrete, which cement is best, mike haduck, mike haduck masonry, how to mix cement, morter lime portland

Id: nxDc9E9xOI4

Length: 16min 17sec (977 seconds)

Published: Mon Aug 24 2020