Use Linux in a web browser with Docker on a Synology NAS (Webtop)

let's put a Linux desktop in a Docker container on a sonology Nas using webtop so we're going to start by going to linuxserver.io and not Fleet this time not Fleet we're actually going to click on docs which is I probably should have just just been doing this for all my previous videos but we'll come up to container images and then we're going to scroll down to the bottom where it says webtop going to click on webtop and this has got all the documentation for webtop that linuxserver.io provides which is pretty awesome they do it for all of their other all the other Docker videos that I've done that use linuxserver.io you can do that for any of those apps too so might be helpful well let's scroll down and then we want the section that says Docker compose so here we go we've got our Docker compose text that we need so I'm going to copy this going to head back into the sonology nas the only program that we need is one called container manager which if you don't have just head over to the package Center type in container manager and it should show up if it's not showing up for you that means that it is not available on your model of sonology Nas but maybe Google around and see if people have gotten it to work on your specific model so in container manager we're going to click project create and we're going to do a new project name we're going to call it webtop but you could call it whatever you want you could call it fresh RSS but that's a whole different app and that wouldn't make any sense so we'll just stick with webtop keep it simple so for path we're going to go to file station and create a folder for this all to live in so I'm going to click on my Docker share which you should have when you create container manager you should get this Docker share and in here I'm going to right click create a new folder and I'm just going to call it webtop which again you could call it whatever you want click inside a webtop and let me go back to container manager so for path I'll set path to that folder we just created in Docker webtop select and then for Source we are not uploading a Docker compose we're going to create one because it's a little bit easier so I'm going to paste in all that text that I got from the linuxserver.io documentation and we're going to make a couple of changes so first off let's go do the section that says environment and then we need the puid pgid and I happen to know that mine is 10 28 and 100 so your PG ID is also probably 100 but your ID is probably different if you don't know how to get it it's really easy we're just going to come to control panel and then come down to task Schuler let me delete this so I can show you how it's done fresh we'll click create schedule task user to find script I'm going to uncheck enable enabled not enable enabled and then click on task settings and under run command and user defin scripts I'm going to write a script I'm just going to type in ID space greater than sign space I'm going to click back in a file station I'm going to rightclick my Docker share click properties I'm just going to copy that path your path is probably the same as mine volume 1/ Docker so I'll paste that in and then id. txt and all this is going to do is create a text file in this location called .txt that's going to have all that text information we need so I'll click okay and then I will oh did I not name it is this task 10 let's see oh I didn't name it didn't name it let's let's name it task askk name get ID all right so we' got get ID I'm just going to click run and then run the task are you sure you want to run the following tasks get ID I'll click okay and then it'll run it so the reason it's not enabled is because that means it's going to run out of schedule and I don't really need to get my ID every night because it doesn't change nightly so let's go back into the docker share and look who shows up we got our id. txt if it's not showing up for you just make sure that you click outside of that folder first and then back in so I'll double click id. txt and I can see my uid is 1028 so yours will probably be something different but your GID is probably 100 so you've got that we've got that filled out and then TZ is just short for time zone I don't think you have to fill this out but I'm gonna I'm going to type in America New York because I'm on the New York Time Zone on the east coast and then under volumes we want to create these folders so this first folder this config folder when we're in our Linux desktop we're going to get a home folder and we can actually link that to a folder on our sonology Nas so we call those bind mounts I believe so let's let's make a b Mount I'm going to do period SL normally I would just type in config I would just keep them the same just a little bit easier that way that could be a little confusing in this case I'm actually going to call this webtop let's call this webtop home so webtop dhome and then I need to make sure that this folder exists so I'm going to go on a file station I'm going to click inside of my webtop folder that we created create a new folder and I'll just call it webtop home so this folder just has to match what's in here with that period SL front of it if you uh if you're curious if I right click and click properties and I were to copy this file path that is the same thing as what I have written here so you can do either or I'm just going to stick with the period forward slash that period is just short for wherever I'm at I'm looking for this folder we don't have to worry about the second line so then ports ports 300 3001 might be fine um I feel like 3,000 is kind of common in other Docker containers so I'm going to change this I'm going to change you to 2100 and then 21 of one this is going to be how we access our Linux server we're going to access it with sorry not Linux server our Linux desktop we're going to access it with a web browser and the way that we do that is Type in either the name or IP of our sonology Nas colon and then either 2100 or 211001 like with the buman up here remember up here we didn't change it's basically it's a folder path colon folder path what's to the right is for the docker container and in this case we don't have to worry about it we don't want to change that if you change that it could mess things up so we keep that the same it's the same with ports we don't change us to the right of the colon we just need to change what to the left so that will dictate that and the reason we have two ports and you'll see this in a lot of Docker containers is one is for accessing it via HTTP and the other is https so typically the first one is HTTP and the second one is https and in the case of webtop that actually will make a slight difference and I'll show you when we get into webtop otherwise we should be go oh so then there's this shmore size this is short for shared memory it does take you're all running an operating system with a graphical desktop so you might want to give it a little extra Ram I'm actually going to give mine three gigs of RAM no I'm going to give it four I'm going to go way high but I've got 16 gigs of RAM available on my Nas If you could I would at least give it two two I think would be a decent sweet spot but you should be able to get by with just one so let's scroll up here and that's pretty much most of the changes that I want to make I am going to make one other one so if we go back to the Linux .io documentation let's scroll way back up way back up to a section that I don't remember the name so I'm not saying it right now here we go this section version tags so you can actually change what version of Linux you're running so I I don't know what the technical names of it are but basically there's I guess you would call it like the Linux version so we've got Alpine auntu Fedora Arch Debian you've probably heard of some of these we're going to use Alpine so by default it uses xfce so this first word xfce ad mate I3 there's one more open box no there's two more ice VM those are all I guess you would call them different flavors I think it just affects kind of how the desktop works a little bit and looks so you can get a similar look using different back I guess different different versions of Linux sorry not up to date on my Linux terminology but what I'm going to do is I'm going to use KDE Alpine so in order to do that I'm going to copy this tag so you notice the default just says latest and if we go back to our Docker compose that's what we get here for images latest so we just need to replace latest with whatever we want to use so if you want to follow along KDE the KDE version is kind of it's a nice looking desktop sort of like Windows I don't know if I should compare it to Windows it's just a nicer looking desktop xfc is like using Windows 95 so it's probably more it's probably meant for a lower resource system but I didn't really get much of a difference when I test the difference between xfc and KDE so I'm going to use KDE feel free to use latest we're going to stick with alpine just because it uses less resources than auntu you might want to if you really want to get into this though and you want to install auntu I think that's a great way of learning Linux so just a heads up so I'm going to click next and then I'm not going to set up a web portal via web station and then start the project once it is created and I will click done so it is going to install the full operating system so it could take a little bit especially if you're using auntu is it auntu or auntu I don't know Alpine Linux should be a little bit quicker but expect this to take a couple minutes project webtop was successfully built and we got exit Code Zero so that's exactly what we want I'm going to click close And now we just have to get to it so the way to get to webtop let's let's make sure that we're in Project let's double click webtop and then click on yaml configuration so if you use the same first numbers as me 2100 and 21101 that's that's a little nod to this channel name if you didn't catch that so if you use the same ports as IA 2100 and 2101 that is how we're going to access it just make sure you're using this first one one for HTTP and the second one for https let's access it using https and the way that we're going to do that is I'm just going to type in the IP address of my sonology Nas which if you don't know your IP address you can come up to where it says widgets make sure system health is checked and you should get your IP address here if it's not it should it's probably 192.168.1 something you can also click on these other lands and search for it if the one that's showing up isn't working for you another way you can do this though and I've never done this in the pass you can actually use your server name this should work for you most likely so my server's name is night vision so if I type in night vision. local it'll go to my Nas how cool is that so instead of that I'm going to and it actually gives me a port um 8661 that's what I set for my DSM so let's go to 211 and make sure that https is in the beginning so I'm going to go to night vision. looc 2101 or instead of night vision. loal you would just type in the name of your sonology n. loal or the IP address of your sonology Nas and check it out we're all good I mean we're getting an error that everything is dangerous but it's fun let's just continue so we know that it's not dangerous because we made it and check it out we're in our Alpine Linux desktop how cool is that so the reason to use https and it's not a huge deal but if I click on this little tab to the left I can see I've got kasm VNC options so this is the program that kind of lets us use this I don't I don't really know how to explain it this is the program that lets us like interface with a desktop that doesn't really exist that doesn't have a monitor connected to it or anything so if I click on settings I can click on streaming quality and I can actually make this loss list and I believe in the documentation it says you can only do that with https so that's the reason I like to do that but you got a lot of options here to fix up your screen settings if you want to change the re not the revolution the resolution you can do that here so let me exit out I'm just going to click on settings here and that'll exit out of there I'm hide you but just know that you've got all these options here on the left that might help out but here you go you've got yourself an Alpine Linux desktop so I'm not going to do a full Linux tutorial but if you have never used Linux before you're kind of interested in doing some Linux command line I'll walk you through a little bit the first thing I'll say though is you should be aware that there are going to be some differences between this and a full-fledged operating system it's still running off your sonology Nas it's definitely going to be a little bit slower I would think than if you ran it natively off of like a Mini PC or something so don't get too crazy on it I was never able to use Docker like to run Docker containers I think that there are permission issues so just know that if you're going to try some Linux stuff this probably going to be a little bit quirky you're still running it in an in a container so just just know that but enough about that let's let's do what we should always do the first thing you do when you've got a Linux system is you want to update it so the command line for that and Alpine Linux we'll just type in APK space update and it's going to give me an error because I don't have permission so I'm going to type in in pseudo APK update and that will give me an update but that doesn't upgrade everything so we have to type in pseudo APK upgrade and if I would have typed space minus y on there I wouldn't have to say yes to anything oh that's very quick this if you're doing this on if you installed the btu you would have typed in pseudo apt update and pseudo apt upgrade and then probably minus y so you wouldn't have to say yes to everything it'll do it automatically so that's how that would work but we are up to date let's download something let's download let's do pseudo APK add lazy Docker I'm going to blow your mind with this one so I'm going to type in got it installed I'm going type in lazy Docker look at this I can see all of my Docker containers that are up so I think it will show your Docker containers that are on your sonology Nas but if you've ever heard of lazy Docker it's real easy to install on very easy to install on if you've never heard of lazy Docker it's very easy to install on Alpine Linux but here you go you've got one working I don't know if you can can you execute commands well I don't want to stop this because I'm using it currently using it so that'd be a bad idea but I can check out stats and environmental variables and config and all sorts of fun stuff so I'm going to hit the q key you can see down here it's got all the options not options your keyboard shortcuts on what to do so I'm going to click q and that will get me out of lazy Docker let's install another program there was one that Veronica was talking about on the homelab podcast it's called newsboat so I'm going to type in APK add newsboat permission to died because I forgot pseudo pseudo APK add newsboat so now we've got newsboat so if I type in newsboat it won't do anything because it's not configured but it gives us an error gives us a little hint here so it's trying to load URLs from this file here but no file exists so we can make it so we'll just type in Nano config do newsboat slurls no probably got to type in pseudo at the beginning it's Mak me type pseudo for everything oh Nano's not found so that means we don't have a text editor for command line so I'm going to type in AP Nano that is my favorite text editor sorry pseudo APK add Nano a lot of people use Vim Vim is probably the most popular one but I learned Nano and I'm too stubborn to learn anything new I can here's a little Linux shortcut for you you hit the up arrow and it'll show you all the commands that you had just typed and there we go so now I've got that and all I have to do is I can add it an RSS URL so look at this I'm going to click my firef my fire Firefox Firefox browser within my Linux Docker container so let's get an RSS feed so I'm just going to the home lab Show's website you can tell it's a little it's a little bit slower than it probably would be on your desktop but if I scroll around here hopefully I can find an RSS feed and here we go okay so this is their RSS feed I had to scroll down a little bit it's a little bit slow but let me copy this oh I missed the T all right I'm going to remember that copy this and then I'm going to paste it in here by clicking control shift V is in Victor I'm going to make sure that that t is in the beginning and then I'm going to click contrl X you can see the keyboard shortcuts down here so you see it says like this up Arrow X not an arrow I don't know what it's called Chevron maybe that's short for control so contr X will exit and then I will just click why because yes I want to save it and then I'll just hit enter and it'll save that file for me so now if I type in newsboat look at that I got my first RSS feed and I've got keyboard shortcuts on the bottom I can just click R to reload oh it didn't didn't retrieve anything oh that's so weird maybe it needs https or something all right all right I figured out the problem just I just needed to come back in here Nano config newsboat urls and I needed to add https col SL SL in the beginning so that worked I'm going to click contrl X to exit out of here and then I'll just type in newsboat again and check it out just type in I just need to click R and that'll reload and now I'm in the I've got the home lab show RSS feed all text how cool is that I think it works for YouTube feeds and news sites all sorts of things like they got examples they got examples if you look up the newsboat website what I should have done first I don't know why I wasted my time doing that let me type in clear that'll get rid of all this text so let me put this to the right that did not that did not work at all I want you to take up half the screen taking up a very little bit there you go that's good then let me open up a a file browser on the left that worked a lot better so check this out if I type in LS I've got all I've got a desktop downloads pictures or I'll type in LS space minus L that'll list it out all the folders that are here in command line are here in my file browser and that's because I'm currently in command line I'm in my home folder so if I type this in mkdir space let's type in volume data 21 check it out I've got a folder call volume data 21 on my home in my home folder on my desktop and if I type in CD Space volume data 20 one I'm inside of that folder so if I type in LS there's nothing in there and there's nothing in here but if I type in nanospace Linux linux. txt and I'll type in Alpine Linux is the best and I will do contrl X hit Y to save and then enter to save it out and look at that if I type in LS I've got a text file here and a text file here that I can open up but just as impressive if I go back to my sonology Nas let me close out of container manager I'm back in my Docker webtop folder webtop home look who shows up all of those folders that were on my Linux desktop that I made on webtop and got a volume data 21 folder and I've got this ful text file that says Alpine Linux is the best so there you go that is a really quick walkr of how to use webtop so hopefully you get some uh hopefully you get some fun out of this I think it's really cool it's a great way to try Linux desktops the couple that they've got on there I think it's a great way to start to learn a little bit of Linux command line and this doesn't really mess with your Synology system in any way so it's kind of a safe way of doing it again I wasn't able to do things like pop up and down Docker containers although I can type in Docker PS and it will show show me all the docker containers running on my sonology n so there's some interoperability there but just don't expect to be able to do everything you could do as opposed to as you installed this say on a virtual machine or if you just installed this like on a Raspberry Pi or something like that you're going to have a lot more power that way but n none of those are quite as easy to just set up and launch as webtop for Docker so hope that was useful and good luck to you

Channel: VolumeData21

Views: 449

Keywords: synology, nas, docker, self-hosted, home server, self hosted, docker compose

Id: g8XscVMCi5o

Length: 18min 22sec (1102 seconds)

Published: Wed Mar 13 2024