Types of Sentences (Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex)

hello class and welcome to our next lecture on types of sentences so let's begin now when you talk about types of sentences I'm going to focus on four major types which are simple sentences compound sentences complex sentences and compound-complex sentences so I'll explain each of these with examples in detail so the first one is a simple sentence a simple sentence is also known as an independent clause it's independent because it can stand on its own standalone by itself and it makes perfect sense so it has at least a subject and a verb but I'm sure you guys remember what a subject and a verb is right well a subject is what you have a thing or the person doing the action and the verb is that you leave the action so an independent clause has at least one subject and one verb for it to be called a clause an independent one is because you can stand on its own it is a complete thought and it makes perfect sense so let's look at some of the examples I like apples a complete thought one simple sentence it has the subject I and the verb like the second example I like apples and oranges it's longer but it still has the subject I and the verb like so it is still one single independent clause one complete thought one simple sentence my brother and I like apples this time you have my brother and I being the subject for the verb like you can have more than one and it's called a compound subject doesn't matter it is still the subject my brother and I and you have the verb like apples still one single independent clause then before my brother and I like apples and oranges and eat them every day the center has become really long now but still my brother and I act as the subject like and eat more than one verb but still my brother and I like and eat them everyday it is still one independent clause they can stand by itself is a complete thought and it makes sense by itself one simple sentence okay so what about compound sentences well compound sentence then is a sentence that has two independent clauses it has two independent clauses this time joined by a coordinator what's a coordinator well for you to remember there's this acronym fanboys okay for and nor but or yet or so okay so two independent clauses joined by this coordinator okay um which is always preceded by a comma so you have a comma then the coordinator so one dependent clause comma coordinator second independent clause so let's look at the examples I like apples and he likes oranges you have the subject I with like and the subject he with the verb likes so I like apples is one independent clause he likes oranges is another independent clause both of them can stand on their own and makes perfect sense okay and it's joined by a coordinator and coordinators make both these independent clauses equal okay so I like apples and he likes oranges number two I eat apples but he doesn't eat apples subject I with verb eat subject II we does each verb I'd apples here gonna need apples to independent clauses to complete thoughts joined by the coordinator but he dislikes apples one independent clause he ate one another independent clause joined by the coordinator yet okay that's a compound sentence notice that we have the coordinator here end but why is it different from this one this end in a simple sentence well I like apples and oranges this end is not a coordinator because oranges it's not an independent clause right it doesn't have a subject or a verb so this end does not work as a coordinator and this is not a compound sentence is one single simple sentence this on the other hand joins two independent clauses and therefore is a coordinator and this makes it one single compound sentence then what about complex sentences well complex sentence is a little bit complex okay so you have one independent clause right like one simple sentence but it is joined by one or more dependent clauses so this is a little different it's not independent it is dependent because it cannot stand on its own it doesn't really make sense by itself okay so these are joined usually by a subordinator okay a subordinator makes it unequal in importance independent clause more important than the dependent clause so subordinators are like although because since when after or it could be a relative pronoun like that which and who so let's look at these examples when he came home his mother hugged him okay so if you notice here we still have subject and verb subject and verb that doesn't change but in this sentence his mother hugged him is the independent clause because it makes sense on its own his mother hugged him but when you came home doesn't really make sense and this when he came home is a dependent clause because it depends on this independent clause here is the subordinator when the relative pronoun okay when so when it came home and dependent clause his mother hugged him independent clause i clapped loudly when my son went up onstage i clap loudly independent when my son went up onstage dependent right with the subordinator when i love english independent because it is interesting dependent clause joined with the subordinator because after she left her parents arrived after she left dependent because it doesn't make sense on its own her parents arrived dependent clause now notice that when the sentence begins with the subordinator like when and after here it is always followed by a comma so when it's dependent clause comma independent clause but when it starts with the independent clause you don't need a comma followed by the dependent clause alright now it's getting a little bit more complicated what about compound complex so yeah you guess that it's a mix of both the compound sentence and the complex sentence so in what way well a compound-complex sentence has two independent clauses just like a compound sentence and it also has one or more dependent clauses like complex sentence so in this sentence you can expect to see both coordinators like fanboys and also subordinators like although because since when and relative pronouns like that which and who so let's look at these examples okay looking at the first one can you guess which ones are the independent clauses and which one is the dependent clause yep you guessed it I haven't had the time to go lately and I haven't found anyone to go with are the two independent clauses and the dependent clause is although I like to go camping so you can see that the two independent clauses have been joined by the coordinator and preceded by a comma and the dependent clause starts with the subordinator although which of course then you must have a comma now what about example number two can you guess which ones are the independent clauses and which one is the dependent clause oh yeah this one is a little bit more complicated okay the first independent clause is we decided that the movie was too violent right so that's an independent clause it can stand on its own what's the second independent clause okay there's a clue here because you have the coordinator but so our children worse much worse way Ferb yep our children thought that we were wrong remember how between commas these are like additional information okay so without this I would it would still make sense our children thought that we were wrong this is additional information so our children thought that we were wrong was is actually the second independent clause and our dependent clause is actually who likes to watch scary movies with the subordinator who a relative pronoun so this is an example of a compound complex sentence you have to dependent clauses and one dependent clause yeah that's a little bit complicated but once you get the hang of it it's pretty easy to see and identify okay so in conclusion or the summary these are the types of sentences okay a simple sentence has one independent clause that's it a compound sentence has two independent clauses that's it join with coordinators remember complex sentence has one independent clause and you can have more than one dependent clause okay joined with subordinators a compound-complex sentence then has two independent clauses and it can have more than one dependent clause so you'll have both subordinators and coordinators right do you think you've got it now do you think you could try to identify the types of sentences here so we have six sentences I want you to try to determine which ones are which types so we have simple sentence compound sentence complex sentence and compound-complex sentence which one is which so you can pause here and try the questions okay you ready to hear the answers okay so these are the answers okay did you get them all right okay just in case I'm going to help explain a little bit okay so the first one is a simple sentence why you have the subject the teacher walks into the classroom greeted the students and took attendance so you have more than one verb here but it's a compound verb you still have the subject and the same now the same subject for the same verbs so this is actually one simple sentence although it looks pretty long right all right the second sentence one plate football while Juanita went shopping now one played football one independent clause while one either went shopping is a dependent clause because while is the subordinator not a coordinator so this is a complex sentence one play football that's one independent clause one you know when shopping is another independent clause joined by the coordinator yet both these independent clauses are of equal importance so this is a compound sentence and before the island was filled with many winding trails a small lake and dangerous wild pigs what is it definitely a simple sentence this end does not join another independent clause we only have one independent clause in the sentence so it is a simple sentence number five although Mexico has the better football team oops it lost oops sorry it lost kids alone missing here but it lost is the independent clause although Mexico has the better football team is the dependent clause so although is the subordinator complex sentence number six after school we went to the stationery shop why is there a simple sentence don't we have the subordinator after the question but look at answer the subordinate after it's just school is this a class does it have a subject does it have a verb no it doesn't so this is actually just a face it is not a clause so therefore we went to the stationery shop is one single independent clause after school is just the phrase and it's not another dependent clause therefore it is a simple sentence all right do you get it it's a little bit complicated but you'll get easier so um that's about it and I'll see you back in class we'll do more exercises then thank you

Channel: Lisa Kwan

Views: 448,364

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Keywords: lecture, English, grammar, sentences, clauses, simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence, compound-complex, complex, compound, simple, compound-complex sentence

Id: OR-VsLGytk4

Length: 15min 35sec (935 seconds)

Published: Tue Jun 02 2015