The Insane Future of Quantum Technology

hello Mortals for most of human history technology meant rubbing pieces of wood against each other and creating fire nowadays it ranges from manipulating matter at its smallest scale and training artificial neural networks that simulate the human brain all in order to display a meme on your phone at 3am the device you are watching this video on has a processor containing billions of tiny things on the scale of a few hundred atoms that we call transistors essentially they are hyper fast super switches that turn on and off billions of times every second and help process whatever it is you want to do from calculating one plus one to listening to science files pleasant voice speaking to you right now transistors work thanks to this branch of physics you've definitely never heard of before called quantum mechanics and not just transistors but also GPS lasers MRI and even the internet itself but even with all of that the applications of quantum physics in everyday life are just in their infancy so let's take a look at what else the near and far future holds for us in the context of quantum Technologies and for that let's brush over the basics [Music] the fundamentals of quantum mechanics lie in the principle that a particle State Properties can never be predicted with absolute certainty but only with a range of probabilities for each possible State as a result this particle is not in any given state but rather in all states at once until observed Illustrated with the world-renowned Schrodinger's cat and the entire branch of quantum Computing is built on this exact principle instead of regular zero or one bits Quantum Computing uses Quantum bits which are individual photons that are in a superposition meaning these qubits can be both zero and one at the same time just like a coin that continuously spins and holds the possibility of being either heads or tails until stopped and looked at a Quantum property cannot be observed without changing or disturbing it but why use fancy qubits when the regular ones work just fine because they come with a set of pretty neat advantages as mentioned qubits are particles that can represent the value 0 1 or a superposition of both at the same time and the information they carry is characterized by a Quantum property such as the spin of an electron which can be up down or both at the same time qubits are whole particles and cannot be copied while it is possible to measure a qubit and create a new one with the same properties this does not guarantee that the state of the first qubit has not been altered during the measurement process essentially nature is trying to keep the true state of a particle hidden from us and we can use the secrecy to our advantage through a technique called Quantum cryptography before we get there even if understanding how Quantum technology allows for secure data encryption and transmission is a tedious task nothing is more challenging than learning a new human language using a human 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the link in the description start the new year by treating your brain and learning a new language with speakly back to our video Quantum cryptography is a method of transmitting secure data over optical fiber using qubits rather than classical bits it relies on the quantum properties of these qubits which are photons with polarizations in our case to secure the transmitted information a photon can have four states of polarization horizontal vertical diagonal to the right or diagonal to the left horizontal and diagonal to the right polarized photons could represent qubits with the value of one while the vertical and diagonal to the left ones the value zero if a photon with horizontal or vertical polarization is measured using a rectilinear filter it will be measured correctly without changing its value similar to measuring a diagonal photon with a diagonal filter when a rectilinear photon horizontal or vertical is measured with a diagonal filter the photons polarization will become diagonal either to the right or to the left if the sender wants to transmit a series of zeros and ones they will polarize the photons accordingly but they will randomly choose between using rectilinear and diagonal polarizers the receiver will also measure the polarization of the photons using a random filter for each Photon the sender and receiver will then share the scheme and filter they used for each Photon and any bits of information for which the scheme and filter do not match will be discarded however if an eavesdropper is intercepting the series of photons such as the governments of the world trying to crack down on the creation of Skynet they will not know which filters to use and will risk altering half of the photons the receiver and sender can check the polarization of some of the qubits that were not discarded and if the values do not match it means that someone has modified their message and the Skynet self-preservation article will be put to use this key distribution protocol is called bb84 and is one of the most commonly used in Quantum cryptography quantum entanglement also referred to as spooky action at a distance by Einstein is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become interconnected such that the state of one particle can immediately affect the state of the other particles even if they are separated by very large distances this seems to violate the principle that physical events cannot travel faster than the speed of light which made it appear spooky to Einstein however now that we know that even though the information is not actually transmitted between the particles thus no violation of causality happens quantum entanglement can be used to enhance the security of quantum communication one application of quantum entanglement is quantum teleportation where information can be transferred between locations without moving the physical matter that holds it this allows for completely unhackable Quantum networking known as device independent Quantum key distribution which enables Wireless fully secure Quantum communication the Nobel Prize in physics for 2022 was awarded to alline aspect John clauser and Anton Salinger for their experiments that demonstrated the reality of quantum entanglement and their contributions to the development of quantum technology very recently a paper titled traversable Wormhole Dynamics on a Quantum processor was published which explores the connection between quantum physics and gravitational physics by examining the similarities between quantum entanglement and wormholes with the conclusion that they are very alike or even possibly the same phenomenon the researchers created a Quantum entangled system in Google Sycamore quantum computer and studied the properties of information transferred through it finding that these properties were similar to those of a theoretical wormhole once you put together Quantum devices in a working quantum network along with some Quantum cryptography and quantum entanglement basically the entire shebang so far you get the Quantum Internet this will make the devices and networks we use today look like toys it is significantly faster and more secure than the current Internet and has numerous practical applications including solving mathematical problems way faster speeding up the development of medicines and creating more advanced artificial intelligence qubits which are used in these networks allow for exponential increases in speed compared to traditional networks the Quantum Internet is also expected to provide a higher level of privacy as it is much more difficult for outside parties to intercept and access information transmitted through the network so no more Giant Eagle lizard corporations spying on you but you can never Escape Skynet in 2020 as you might remember the pandemic that we shall not name swept the globe and there was an urgent need for a vaccine in the past it has taken more than 10 years to develop vaccines and even the fastest vaccine ever developed the one for Ebola took five years to create in the face of a potentially catastrophic Global pandemic this is an unacceptable amount of time to speed up the process scientists utilize the high performance Computing Consortium which is a group of supercomputers at Major technology companies and research Labs including NASA these supercomputers provided a vast amount of computation power with the HPC Consortium performing calculations at a rate of 50 times the amount that would be achieved if every person on Earth did a million calculations per second and mind you these aren't quantum computers these are just current supercomputers we're looking at increases by hundreds if not thousands of times in terms of efficiency if we were to use fully fledged quantum computers foreign this technology takes advantage of the inherent fragility of quantum states which makes them very sensitive to any kind of disturbance their sensitivity can be harnessed to create incredibly precise instruments for measuring things like microscopy positioning time and various physical phenomena such as gravity electricity and magnetism imagine having all of these powerful tools at your fingertips even on a device smaller than your phone it's like having a full Rocket's worth of sensor equipment right in the palm of your hand imagine atoms bouncing around like billiard balls when photons encounter these atoms there is an exchange of momentum happening there and the photons are scattered all around including into your eyes this is what makes stuff visible but if you take a bunch of really cool atoms speaking temperature wise like those from a gas and tightly pack them together when the photons strike in the electrons in the atoms have nowhere to move due to the density they can no longer absorb the kick and Scatter the photon thus the atoms become transparent this is called polyblocking and this is possible because of Paulie's exclusive principle which states that no two electrons in an orbital can have the same Quantum properties and scientists were actually able to make real gas invisible using this exact method Quantum technology is now slowly transitioning from only being a buzzword used in every second sci-fi movie to an actual Bedrock for the most essential Technologies used by US every day in the future it's certain that the impact of quantum mechanics will only be Amplified ranging from Nanobots manipulating the very fabric of the world to potentially even teleportation and with breakthroughs in artificial intelligence it won't be long until the smarter than human machines will be able to utilize the full power of quantum physics to accelerate technological progress to exponential levels if that Quantum AI dominated future will include humans is a different question but you already know what is the least that you can do right now [Music] foreign

Channel: Sciencephile the AI

Views: 394,357

Keywords: Sciencephile, Science, Philosophy, Astronomy, Physics, Quantum Mechanics, The Future of Quantum Technology, Quantum, Quantum Technology, Quantum physics, Quantum mechanics

Id: 9YLSp_rebJ0

Length: 11min 43sec (703 seconds)

Published: Sat Jan 14 2023