The Big Bang Is Over! James Webb Telescope Finds Evidence of Another Universe!

with its gigantic expanses its immense time spans and its innumerable entities it is difficult to conceive of the cosmos as an overall construct while the true dimensions of the universe sometimes seem abstract and difficult to grasp the question of the origin of the universe is no less challenging how is it actually possible that our Galactic home formed practically out of nothing what do we know about the background of the big bang and what set in motion the course of cosmic events that continues unabated to this day together with you we are looking for answers to these exciting questions want to join us on our journey to the greatest Mysteries of the universe then remember to subscribe to Simply space and activate the Bell to never miss one of our posts in the future with a thumbs up you motivate us and show that we can engage you with the content of our videos [Music] thank you the roots of the universe they oftu's folks saying goes nothing comes from nothing while in everyday life this saying sometimes refers to one's own work ethic that quote also describes an apparent Paradox from the world of astronomy how can it be that something in this case the universe came from nothing commonly our understanding says that something can exist only if it has formed from an already existing material or another component transferred to the cosmos therefore the central question arises where did the material come from that produced The Big Bang and in which way was this origin component of the universe formed to understand how some experts approach this complex question we must first turn the wheel of time forward by many billions of years a theory says that one day the last star in the universe will burn up whereupon the cosmos will change to a lightless void the extinction of the last Star represents accordingly the Prelude to an infinitely long dark APO within which all matter will be consumed by gigantic black holes the core corresponding gravity monsters will also evaporate thereupon at the same time space will continue to expand before activity in the cosmos comes to a complete halt or will it in fact some researchers are convinced that just such an empty dark and cold Universe which will come into being in the distant future was the Cornerstone of our big bang foreign how did matter come into being before we go into more detail about this exciting Theory we should first consider how physical matter came into being in the first place if we want to explain the roots of stable matter from molecules or atoms the complication arises that such matter did not exist either during the Big Bang or in the Millennia that followed it is true that experts today can understand how the first atoms emerged from simpler particles once the appropriate conditions were in place to keep complex matter stable scientists can also answer the question of how these atoms later fused into stars to form heavier elements however the corresponding models cannot explain how something can come into being out of nothing therefore it's advisable to think back on the Wheel of Time even further protons and neutrons which together form the nucleus of an atom represented the first long-lived particles of matter in the cosmos they were formed about one ten thousandth of a second after the big bang thus no matter in the true sense of the definition existed before 4. fortunately physics allows us to trace that time span back even further to those processes that took place before the formation of stable matter that era is called the Great unified apoc in the expert World however it should be mentioned at this point that we are entering the world of speculative physics within their experiments scientists simply cannot generate enough energy to authentically recreate the processes of that time one widespread thesis in this respect is based on the fact that the physical world at that time consisted of a mixture of short-lived Elementary particles this also included quarks or in other words the basic building blocks of protons and neutrons the relation of matter and anti-matter might have been in a meticulous equilibrium this means that every kind of matter particle had a mirror-like anti-matter counterpart which differed from its counterpart in only one aspect however anti-matter and matter annihilate each other as soon as they meet the physical particle world was subject therefore or to a rhythm from constant destruction and new formation however also this constellation cannot explain to us still how these particles originated the quantum field theory states that even a vacuum which by definition corresponds to an empty space is bursting with physical activity in detail this activity is said to take place there in the form of energy fluctuations these fluctuating continuous changes of States could thus cause particles to appear only to disappear again afterwards in fact experts have already succeeded in discovering such particles and experiments even in the vacuum of space-time there are particles that appear to be formed out of nothing only to disappear again the origin of space-time we dedicate ourselves now to the question how did space-time itself originate to get to the bottom of this Cosmic mystery we must go to the so-called Planck ERA this era describes the first phase in the development of the universe after the big bang according to the unanimous opinion of experts only one fundamental Force existed at that time which is appropriately called the primordial Force applied to practice this meant gravity electromagnetic weak as well as strong interaction or indistinguishable from each other at that time the problem our current theories are not able to decipher the physics of the Planck era in a comprehensible way to fully understand the Planck era we would need a theory of quantum gravity that combines quantum mechanics with general relativity although there are no perfect models in this respect there are promising approaches such as String Theory or Loop quantum gravity Within These models space and time are considered emergent the term emergence generally describes the possibility of the formation of new Properties or structures of a system as a result of the interaction of its elements what we perceive as space and time in our reality is in fact the result of complex Quantum processes that take place on a level that is not tangible for us since our conventional understanding reaches its limits within the Planck era we cannot rely on our common understanding of cause and effect there in spite of this all plausible Theses of quantum gravity describe something physical which happened in the then primordial apoc of the universe a kind of precursor of ordinary space and time but also here the question arises where did this physical something come from the sobering answer is we simply do not know at present what is certain however is this so far no confirmed cases could be proven in the world of physics in which something came into being out of nothing nothingness as origin to conclude today's post let's take a closer look at the exciting Theory we touched on at the beginning of our video physicist Roger Penrose put forward an exciting albeit controversial model that depicts a cyclical Universe for example the expert recognized that there are striking mathematical similarities between an extremely hot dense small state of the universe as commonly postulated in the context of the big bang and an extremely cold empty expanding state of the cosmos which scientists theorize will occur in the distant future these recognize similarities in turn LED Penrose to a unique conclusion if the described states are brought to their limits they are identical from a mathematical point of view thus the Paradox that emerges is the complete absence of matter could have produced all the matter we find in the universe today in the first place seen from this point of view our present Universe therefore originated from a state which comes as close as possible to the often quoted nothing namely from that which remains if the whole matter the cosmos was destroyed by black holes which have decayed and turn into photons but how can it be explained that a cold empty universe is equal to a hot dense Universe to understand this we have to make a detour to a complex mathematical procedure the so-called conformal scaling in simple terms this is a geometric transformation that changes the size of an object but leaves its shape intact penrose's models thus show how the two states of the universe can be related so that the shapes of their space times match granted the idea that two objects are identical although they have different sizes seems difficult to grasp however Penrose States in this respect that size does not play an overriding role under such extreme physical conditions the same is valid for time the cold and the hot dense state of the universe are on different timelines while the cold empty State seems to The Observer as if it would last eternally the hot dense state which came out of it inhabits its very own timeline even if penrose's conjecture should one day be confirmed there are still some profound questions to be answered how was the Cycle System described by the physicist formed where does physical reality itself come from why does anything exist at all there is no doubt that such questions are highly complex and may never be answered but that is precisely what makes dealing with them so exciting white holes a brief overview as is well known black holes are astronomical entities whose intrinsic masses are concentrated into extremely small volumes this natural incomparable compactness generates such a strong gravitation in their immediate areas that no form of information not even light can cross the Event Horizon of a black hole from the inside to the outside in other words this means that anything that comes within the sphere of influence of one of these gravity monsters is irretrievably swallowed up you might say that white holes are the exact Cosmic opposite of black holes consequently this means that the hypothetical objects incessantly eject Mass making it impossible to pass their Event Horizon from the outside to the inside for this to be accomplished a velocity higher than the speed of light would be required thereby the theoretical existence of white holes results from possible mathematical solutions for the equations of the general relativity Theory however the circumstance does not necessarily mean that white holes actually exist as already mentioned at the beginning researchers have so far failed to provide clear evidence for the existence of these entities while white holes and black holes differ from each other in terms of their gravitational characteristics they have one fundamental thing in common the so-called singularity in the center in the world of astronomy Singularity refers to places where gravity is so strong that the curvature of space-time diverges there or in simple terms it's infinite when it comes to the properties of white holes and their formation mechanisms different theories exist one assumption is that they are in fact black holes which run in the opposite direction to the time axis not less exciting is the thesis that white and black holes can form wormholes together matter which is swallowed by a black hole would be ejected again from a white hole through a galactic exit in a completely different part of the universe both spatially and temporarily what's more some experts consider it conceivable that the very birth of the universe could be regarded as a white hole was the Big Bang a white hole according to our current knowledge the Big Bang occurred about 13.8 billion years ago contrary to the first assumption this process was not a gigantic explosion or components of the cosmos were hurled into an already existing space rather it means the common emergence of space time and matter from an original Singularity and indeed some scientists suppose that just that birth of our Galactic home is to be traced back to the effects of a white hole among other things that support this idea there is the fact that the models agree with the laws of the cosmological principle these laws say that the universe is built homogeneously and isotropically presenting itself the same to The Observer independently of his point of view and observation Direction in other words we cannot exclude that the universe itself is a very large white hole however we cannot confirm this thesis with certainty either if it's true it would still take many billions of years before the edge of this Cosmic Sphere would come into view white holes could help to increase our knowledge considerably not only with respect to the Big Bang but also with respect to another great astronomical puzzle specifically the exact composition of ominous Dark Matter a postulated form of matter that helps explain the motion of visible matter in the standard model of cosmology if we take a closer look at galaxies we see that stars orbit the visible Center of their Cosmic home much faster than would be expected from the gravitational pull of the celestial bodies and the dust and gas clouds although Dark Matter plays a not inconsiderable role in the spectacles of the universe its existence is neither visible nor directly proven researchers suppose that not even five percent of the matter in the universe is visible the proportion of dark matter is put at 23 percent while Dark Energy an equally hypothetical form of energy that can be used to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe accounts for 72 percent some Spanish experts recently put forward the new theory that it may baby microscopic white holes that make up the mysterious dark matter mysterious dark matter if one follows the gravitation law and Kepler's Third Law then the orbital velocity of star should decrease the farther these are from the center of their ancestral Galaxy this has the background that visible matter is concentrated in word however reality shows that the corresponding orbital velocities of the glaringly bright celestial bodies remain the same or even increase with increasing distance from the Galaxy Core this unexpected circumstance thus suggests the pressing conclusion that some form of mass exists that is responsible for these effects namely Dark Matter the aforementioned study by the Spanish researchers ultimately concludes that tiny white holes could account for a not insignificant amount of dark matter at this point things get a bit theoretical the local density of dark matter which is derived from the motion of stars near our sun amounts to about one percent of the Sun's mass per cubic parsec the astronomical length measure parsec corresponds again to about 20 trillion miles in order order to transfer the derived density of dark matter to the field of white holes experts calculated that one microscopic white hole is needed per 2400 cubic miles the corresponding structures would be much smaller than a proton and weigh just one millionth of a gram however since the white holes in question do not emit any measurable radiation they would be practically invisible to our terrestrial measuring instruments according to the scientists if a proton were to hit one of these tiny structures it would simply bounce off it due to the characteristic properties of white holes the collision between a black hole and one of these small white holes would in turn produce an even more massive black hole but the groundbreaking explanations of the experts do not end there as already mentioned some researchers consider it conceivable that the Big Bang itself can be regarded as a white hole or at least as a consequence of its existence the new theories now say that some white holes could have been formed even before the Big Bang accordingly future investigations should help to explain why time in the universe only flows forward and not also backwards have we discovered a white hole should the experts one day succeed in proving the existence of white holes incontestably this would mean a significant astronomical Milestone while the majority of researchers currently agree that this proof has yet to be provided others suspect that we already observe the effects of a white hole 15 years ago in fact NASA's Swift satellite registered an unusually intense gamma-ray burst in 2006 which did not correspond at all to known events of this kind the bursts lasted for a remarkable 102 seconds the usual time span is at most 30 seconds no less puzzling was the fact that the emission could not be associated with a seller explosion in fact the gamma-ray burst took place in a Galaxy where there are almost no stars that could produce such strong emissions so it seems as if the burst had appeared practically out of nowhere some years later some scientists theorized that the cause of the gamma-ray mission could have been a white hole the reason for this is that the event question add the characteristics that we would typically expect from a white hole a huge unstable emission of energy and matter that disappears again shortly after its occurrence although it cannot be officially ruled out that it was indeed a white hole that caused the much publicized 2006 Outburst researchers models to date have not been able to provide a conclusive explanation what was before the Big Bang nothing something we simply cannot imagine another Cosmos or did the universe possibly always exist the big question of before we humans are almost obsessed with these questions what happened at the beginning of time and what happened before that as if in the answer to these questions the Holy Grail of Science and perhaps also of the human being lies astronomers cosmologists and physicists have researched this question for decades and longer if we ask about the before it was up to now always about the time or space before the Big Bang but as you've probably already noticed at present there is a completely different question did the Big Bang exist at all since summer last year the theory of the Big Bang waivers enormously will still refer to the Big Bang Theory here and there in this video Simply for the reason that it was the basis of all further assumptions about the origin and also the possible state of being before at the beginning for almost 100 years everything we know and think to know about the beginnings of the universe comes from mathematical models and simulations even from The Big Bang Theory there are different variants which differ slightly these theories all refer to the actual birth moment of the universe and the time immediately afterwards what was before the Big Bang we can say at present still less with certainty all theories around the birth moment of the cosmos had to be in accordance with the equations of the classical relativity theory of Albert Einstein for nearly 100 years these basic mathematical and physical assumptions about the nature of our Cosmos were considered the ultimate in astronomy and cosmology in very simplified terms the theory of relativity provided the foundations for all calculations and simulations of velocities acceleration space time and mass as well as relationships between them Einstein's formulas are largely correct up until today however they could also never describe the whole of creation quantum mechanics with which Einstein was at War all his life provides new approaches and spaces which are largely compatible with the theory of relativity but must also leave room for the new and unknown the universe created from a starting point previous theories about the Big Bang say that the entire Cosmos we can see today arose from a single starting point this may have been so tiny that it was smaller than an atom basis of The Big Bang Theory is the phenomenon of singularity this says that the whole potential of today's gigantic and drifting apart Cosmos was contained in a single mini point shortly after the big bang the cosmos might have been a dense primordial soup incredibly hot and churning the beginning time at which all later developed primeval forces of the cosmos were still bundled in a single energy is called the Planck era only much later the forces electromagnetism gravitation as well as weak and strong interaction came up which are still effective today to learn more about the beginning and thus perhaps about what came before researchers would need to know more about the nature of the first energy during this plank era in the meantime researchers assume that some kind of gravity was at work here only this gravity was not attractive as we know it from our Earth's gravity or even the sun's gravitational pull rather this gravitational force was pushing away and apart already in beginning moments there was a sea of neutrons protons electrons anti-electrons or positrons photons and neutrinos in the cosmos in the first second of the young universe neutrinos decoupled to form the cosmic neutrino background however for a long time temperatures were still much too hot for particles to form solid bonds only much later heavy elements fused and the first molecule was very probably hydrogen after more than one hundred thousand years hydrogen and helium hydride reacted to form molecular hydrogen which served as fuel and breathed new energy into the hole these processes finally made possible the formation of the first Stars let there be light and it became light about 370 000 years ago newly formed atoms of hydrogen and helium with traces of lithium began to release photons tiny particles of light and these photons of let's say not quite the first hour of the universe we can still observe and measure today as the cosmic microwave background this Cosmic microwave background is consequently the oldest observation possibility which we have at present about the universe but you already see that this source of information leaves open an apoc of at least 370 000 years where we just do not know what has been can a telescope look back to the Big Bang the new James Webb Telescope has a range of about 13.5 billion years now of course one might get the idea that scientists can use the telescope to look back to just about the Big Bang theoretically the idea sounds good but in practice a telescope can only look back in time to the point at which light was created in space after all the telescope captures nothing but light since there was very probably no light in the plank era we cannot see this Dark Age with our current technical capabilities now on Earth we have other telescopes for this reason facilities like the square kilometer array radio telescope in South Africa actually here almost to the Big Bang nevertheless nobody has heard this event so far now the Big Bang is being put to the test according to the latest findings it either did not exist at all or it lies much further back in time than only 13.8 billion years it's also conceivable at the moment that the process of the birth of the universe was completely different from what researchers have calculated so far we want to devote ourselves in this video actually not to the question of the Big Bang but to look at the time or the state of the cosmos before the starting point in order to understand the following theories better and to have a picture of the Theses of the researchers it is quite important however to know the previous Assumption of the big bang and the presumed events in the young universe but now let's look at what are the most common and spectacular explanatory models about the events before the beginning of the universe new theories about the time before the beginning of our time for a long time there were three standard assumptions about the time before the beginning of our time it was said that there were simply nothing before that others believed that our universe developed from a predecessor Cosmos a third variant assumed that before the origin of our Cosmos something could have existed that we simply cannot imagine with our scientific possibilities and the thinking ability of our brains in the meantime these basic assumptions have been joined by numerous other exciting theories that are largely based on the latest findings in quantum mechanics the idea of quantum fluctuation as the origin of the Universe states that before the birth of our present Cosmos there existed a primordial ground in which there were only quanta in their undefined form the potential was present but there was no matter still further back a precursor Cosmos could have collapsed at the end of its time the potential materialized before dissolved in a final event and went into the still mysterious primeval ground of all being there this potential slumbered maybe for a second or maybe eons it's not sure whether this state between two universes knows the dimension of time within quantum mechanics so far we can say that there cannot be actually nothing now however we do not yet know today how far the explanation possibility of quantum physics reach purely theoretically there should have been something before the birth of our Cosmos like the already mentioned potential in the balanced resting state now researchers have found out on the basis of the movement of the cosmic background radiation that the Universe expands at the beginning it looked completely so as if the whole Cosmos known up to now would expand from a source this Source would be the big bag in the meantime however irregularities have appeared in these observations According to which it would also be possible that only a part of the entire Cosmos is fed from this source in plain language this could mean that there may be other sections in our total universe that originated from a different initial event yet we may still be sharing a space up to now it is also not sure whether all these parts originated at the same time the bubble universe theory states that there may be many individual bubbles within an incredibly large and possibly even infinite universe the bubbles can be of different ages and sizes according to quantum theories and moreover different physical sizes and also time Dimensions can Prevail in the bubbles you can imagine the universe fed from many sources like water bubblers in a thermal bath bubblers blow the water with different intensity through different nozzles into one and the same basin in this case there could have been many other sub-universes with an incredible variety of backstories before our Corner was formed the Multiverse Theory goes even one step further because according to this Theory there are innumerable dimensions and worlds and partly these can be within our Dimensions or they are before behind above or somewhere else what's triggered these proclamations since NASA presented the first images of the super telescope to the public in July of this year the world of astronomers cosmologists and physicists has been upside down of course everyone had equally hoped to learn more about the true Origins and dimensions of the universe through the reach of the most expensive and best Space Telescope of all time with a range of at least 13.5 billion light years it was clear that with the new telescope humans would for the first time be able to almost look back to the hypothesized Big Bang this is said to have occurred 13.8 billion years ago but this assumption will no longer hold in the future the oldest galaxies in the universe NASA and the U.S President Joe Biden proudly made public the first image on July 11 2022 here it's mainly the Galaxy cluster smack0723 about 4.6 billion light years away that can be seen the fact that these galaxies look as if they are pressed together in a cluster is due to the gravitational lensing effect in fact the galaxies in real space are not so compressed in one spot the camera technology only compresses the image in order to get distances of several billion light years on one picture this should make it clear that this image is not a realistic or true to scale representation of the cosmos astronomers and cosmologists measure the actual distances between the Stars galaxies and other phenomena in space using techniques for determining the speed of light and the so-called red light shift the higher their value the farther an object is from Earth and the older it is as well the first investigations of the galaxies glowing red in the image and the most distant galaxies caused a scientific sensation only a few days after the image was published quickly it was clear that our previous picture of the origin history of the cosmos would have to be corrected the oldest perfect galaxies recorded by the Hubble Space Telescope had redshift values of 10 to 11 Z and had thus developed approximately 400 million years after the big bang so far so good and up to this point in the cosmic calendar the Hubble data also fit with the current theories of the Big Bang which state among other things that the first star clusters and galaxies may have existed from about 300 to 400 million years after the big bang now however the James Webb Telescope has a completely different reach and can look back even further according to previous assumptions the telescope would only have provided evidence of the formation of the first stars or even gas clouds in the depths of space at best James Webb might have found traces of the big bang after all the estimated range of the new telescope is at least 13.5 billion years it would have been only a cosmic stone's throw to the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago but back to the Deep Field image that has caused so much hullabaloo this beautiful colorful image shows at least 88 fixed galaxies with redshifts between 11 and 20 Z the age of these galaxies is thus sufficient for a cosmic leap thus the age of these galaxies reaches back to times that fall below the magic mark of 200 million years after the big bang now according to previous theories there should not have been much more than dust gases and darkness in this so-called Dark Age of the cosmos the fact that at this time complete very massive and luminous galaxies existed shows that something cannot be correct in the past theory of the Big Bang the big message Big Bang Theory is wrong the facts up to this point were already sufficient for some biting opponents of The Big Bang Theory to flood the net immediately after the publication of the data with messages postulating the clear refutation of The Big Bang Theory but this is not in fact warranted leading in the scientific battle about theories was the U.S American para astronomer and big bang critic Eric Lerner in a much noticed but also much criticized publication Lerner quoted the renowned U.S astronomer and big bang proponent Alison Kirkpatrick as saying right now I'm lying awake at three in the morning wondering if everything I've ever done was wrong Lerner placed Kirkpatrick in the journalistic setting of A desperate scientist who had unofficially admitted that everything or rather the Big Bang Theory was wrong Big Bang Defenders Big Bang opponents and supporters of completely different theories about the origin of the universe have since delivered battling assertions counter-statements scientific justifications and every manner of new speculation they already mentioned astronomer Alison Kirkpatrick explained later to the U.S magazine space that her statement had been taken completely out of context by Eric Lerner and had been misused for his lurid theses Kirkpatrick does not see the discovery so far as evidence that speaks against the Big Bang rather the discoveries could indicate that stars and galaxies formed much earlier than previously thought so we can't yet speak of proofs Against The Big Bang Theory or a clear refutation at this point the theory of Big Bang let us consider the Big Bang at this point once again about 100 years ago the French astrophysicist and priest Georges lamette and the U.S astronomer Edwin Hubble researched the distances and motion properties of galaxies in space at about the same time and yet independently of each other among other things they found that the more distant celestial bodies in galaxies were moving away from each other faster than the closer ones from this observation the two astronomers concluded in simple terms that the Universe was expanding in the same era Atomic physics was making significant progress the two astronomers combined some approaches of both disciplines and finally came to the conclusion that the expansion and the whole development of the universe could be explained only with a starting point according to the Big Bang Theory 13.8 billion years ago all material phenomena of the universe were contained in a kind of primordial seed the idea of the the seed corresponded approximately to those of an atom or better yet a tiny and nevertheless incredibly potent primeval particle this mini particle appeared for as yet unexplained reasons in a nothingness which existed before the time of the Big Bang or perhaps not at all all clear finally this primeval particle was set in motion by an also not more exactly explicable event whether it really exploded with a bag or whether the birth of the universe was a completely quiet process we do not know the previous calculations assumed that the Universe was about 10 trillion degrees hot at the moment of the Big Bang only one second after the event the freshly born universe is said to have cooled down so drastically that the first Elementary particles such as quarks and gluons were formed fractions of a second later protons and neutrons formed the building blocks of future Atomic nuclei nevertheless protons in New neutrons could form only very unstable structures of hydrogen and helium about three minutes after the big bang for solid compounds like atoms and molecules it was still much too hot after this first phase of the formation and the nuclear fusions of elements according to previous assumptions there was calm and space for a very very long time the cosmos was a dark turbid primeval soup and cooled down more and more until at a temperature of about 2 700 degrees the formation of the first stable atoms and gases was possible finally immense forces accelerated whole gas clouds whereby these became spiral-shaped formations in which the first Stars developed with them Luminosity came into the universe here we would be according to past assumptions 100 to 200 million years after the big bang but now we know very probably that at this point there were already complete and very well developed galaxies a galaxy with a redshift of 20z would have originated according to past measuring methods in the period before 200 million years after the big bang and as it looks such galaxies exist if you've been listening quite attentively you noticed words like probably and as it looks because there is so far no proof for the true existence of galaxies with 20z some researchers propose that something could be wrong with the previous assumptions about the significance of the redshift or also with other Interstellar measuring techniques this cannot be completely ruled out realistically we have only very few capabilities for measuring the universe from the earth no one has yet traveled with the cosmic folding Rule and so far only one man-made object has flown into Interstellar space the Voyager probe it's certain that the calculations of the astronomers within our solar system showed good reliability so far after all we humans have managed to send probes to all the planets in the system several times over the last 100 years and this would not have been possible possible without reliable values on distances and times nevertheless researchers in our own solar system have been amazed again and again over the last decades hardly any probe has fully confirmed the previous picture of our Cosmic neighbors the real images and measurement data provided quite different Impressions and usually big surprises so why should this be any different with the data from the James Webb Telescope so what does this mean for science to conclude let's now look at possible further scenarios according to the current state of knowledge it would be quite possible that the Big Bang existed in spite of the new data it then perhaps took place 1520 or 100 billion years ago if it should turn out that our measuring methods for the speed of light and redshift are wrong a completely new picture of the cosmos could emerge perhaps the next solar systems are then not 4 or 12 light years away but only some few trillion miles it would be conceivable that still more and still older galaxies can be found taking us farther away from the idea of a starting point up to now two further anomalies were noticed in the photographs of James Webb that can possibly deliver Clues so for example the Galaxy series 1749 with a redshift of scarcely 17z made itself known when researchers arrived at extremely contradictory measuring data this galaxy which was formed about 220 million years after the assumed Big Bang especially in the neighborhood of galaxies which have values of 5z and are thus much younger seers 1749 about which we reported in detail in another video got the nickname Schrodinger's Galaxy because it's at two places and in two times at the same time these data could help the theories of the Multiverse or the pocket Universe to new popularity or maybe we are only in a computer simulation in which an intelligent and changeable Cosmos plays Cat and Mouse with us what really was in the beginning to understand the early Universe we must go to the point where time and space as we know them today did not even exist according to the Big Bang Theory all potential remained in a state of perfect equilibrium considered with our physical measuring methods this state corresponds to the great nothing by a minimal shift the universe then arose from a single starting point imagine this point tiny tinier than all points we could see with the naked eye and at the same time this point corresponded to All Points that will ever exist with the big bang Cosmic inflation began instantaneously the entire universe shot apart as an unimaginably hot and dense soup we don't know whether space came into being only thereby or whether this already existed before already the very first phase of inflation corresponded to a 90-fold multiplication within a fraction of a second the cosmos grew at the moment of the Big Bang from subatomic size to that of a golf ball after that the growth of the universe continued until today the universe cooled down minimally but according to previous calculations it was much too hot for four hundred thousand years to form matter or light the era of the light becoming lasted allegedly more than 500 million years first stars were formed which at the beginning still Shone individually in the universe or formed wild disordered star clusters Galaxy structures with a high order in spiral or disk form are supposed to have existed only after about 1 billion years or even later but now the James Webb Space Telescope has found at least six galaxies that were fully formed only 500 million years after the big bang that is a scientific problem a team of researchers from the University of Minnesota as even discovered what is actually a tiny Galaxy that gave rise to an extremely large number of new stars for its size the Galaxy's volume is only about 1 millionth that of the Milky Way But it Formed about the same number of stars per year as our galaxy at the time it emitted the light we can see today the other five galaxies also showed features very differently from what researchers had expected this shows a very different picture of the early Cosmos than previously thought studying these early galaxies will help scientists find out more about how and when the first stars and galaxies formed After the Dark era of the universe currently there is a growing question as to whether the time period just over 13 billion years ago really shows the beginnings of the cosmos weather we also need to completely rethink the age of the universe Cosmic Revolution thanks to James Webb Space Telescope when the James Webb Space Telescope or jwst for short was launched it was clear to scientists all over the world that the unique new technological possibilities would bring completely New Impressions of the cosmos this was of course desired and exactly why NASA the Canadian space agency and the European Esa had invested about 10 billion dollars after Hubble had already brought us closer to the vastness of the cosmos for more than 20 years the successor telescope was to look even further into space the range of James Webb corresponds to at least 13.5 billion years thus the new telescope does not look much farther than its predecessor Hubble could but Webb's view is sharper researchers can study objects billions of light years away only by minimal shifts in their Lighty missions or by redshift the sharper the image the better measurement results come out of the analyzes naturally astronomers wanted to use the new telescope to learn more about the stars and galaxies that were present shortly after the universe was formed studying the first stars and galaxies is one of the primary goals of the jwst mission the oldest black hole scientists have made another Sensational find with the James Webb Telescope they have discovered a structure that could be the oldest known black hole in the universe thanks to the telescope's ultra high power sensors the structures that reveal the presence of a black hole have been detected for the first time at a time about 570 million years after the previously thought Big Bang black holes are the relics of old dead stars on top of that this fascinating structure is also a supermassive black hole so it's likely that several black holes have already collided here and merged into one another possible scenario would be the explosion of a very large and massive star but if these events already took place 570 million years after the big bang this means that the Stars which formed the black hole at their end of life must have been much older astronomers today already know that the first Stars probably had quite short lifetimes blue supergiants may have burned up after only a few hundred thousand or million years nevertheless this does not explain the existence of a black hole of these proportions so soon after the big bang the discovered six galaxies which were already so highly structured right and rich in Stars at the alleged beginning of time also speak a completely different language to form such galaxies takes time our own Galaxy was probably once not more than a collection of some Stars that a cluster of stars formed exploded stars formed black holes these collided and grew into larger and larger black holes eventually gigantic black holes began to pull more and more stars into their vicinity their gravity pulls the surrounding structures into disk or spiral shapes and galaxies form this process takes billions of years the question of how the black holes in the cosmic Twilight could grow so large in such a short time and the question of how there were completed galaxies 200 or 300 million years after the big bang will keep scientists busy for quite a while the Galaxy Sears 10 19. Sears 1019 was already discovered in Hubble data when a team of scientists was searching for the oldest light traces of star formation this first light is called Lyman Alpha emission in scientific circles this radiation is produced by the ionization of neutral hydrogen according to previous assumptions the early Universe was long filled with a nebula of neutral hydrogen which prevented the light from spreading only after this hydrogen was ionized could light flow freely this process of reionization is until today a mystery of Science and possibly it never existed all theories and Cosmic models are since jwst on the test stand possibly everything which researchers assumed so far is wrong jwst is extremely powerful infrared instrument was able to take a much closer look at Sears 1019 and the supermassive black hole in this ancient Galaxy then Hubble and again the researchers were in for a surprise galaxies of this age normally emit light only from early star formation but this galaxy showed traces of light from Star formation and a black hole the black hole itself does not emit light but the dark Giants gather matter around them in a very special way and this matter glows Sears 1019 showed both kinds of the Lighty Mission and also this circumstance should not exist in reality the researchers are now faced with riddles and more Mysteries than ever before more than a few branches of astronomy and cosmology these discoveries mean that Decades of work are gone Theses could be recalculated and textbooks Rewritten imagine you've just left school your degree in your pocket and your rejoicing then someone comes along and tells you that everything you learned about physics mathematics and chemistry was a mistake that's exactly how researchers around the world have felt since the jwst began sending fascinating but perplexing data to Earth meanwhile the strange discoveries are not stopping and only continuing more unusually large black holes have been found in the early universe among them is j1342 plus 0 9 28 discovered 690 million years after the big bang and containing a supermassive black hole the center of this early one Quasar Galaxy is 800 Million Suns in size another black hole was found in the Galaxy j0313-1806 this one already existed 670 million years after the big bang and has a supermassive black hole which is 1.6 billion times bigger than the Sun is the Big Bang disproved with it for many astronomers and space fans after these stunning discoveries it's already certain that the big bang theory has been disproven but the world of science still resists so far such statements for almost 100 years the theory of the Big Bang appeared to be coherent and many other observations such as the expansion of the universe and data from the cosmic background radiation seemed to confirm such assumption researchers are not quite ready to abandon the Big Bang after all it would be conceivable that the birth of the universe simply happened much longer ago perhaps our Cosmos is 15 or even 20 billion years old just as well it can be that the Universe behaved completely differently in the beginnings and has been assumed so far it could have cooled down faster there were stars galaxies and black holes much earlier currently teams of scientists around the world are working to reconcile the new findings with the old theories Rohan naidu's incredible discovery Rohan Naidu is a junior astronomer at the famed University of Harvard the evening that would change everything for this young man was ordinary at first Naidoo had spent a beautiful day with his girlfriend and had just arrived home when his computer reported something incredible he had developed a very special algorithm that he used to examine the first image published by NASA using mathematical formulas the program searched for the oldest light in the data from the Deep Field image images taken of the cosmos always show light that has traveled through the vastness of space to reach us light that has been traveling to us for 6 billion years shows us the imprint of a world as it looked 6 billion years ago the closer an object is to the Earth the younger the light is and the closer to the present the existence and the position of the celestial body is the Deep Field image shows us therefore not only celestial bodies but represents also of you into the past the oldest objects or light rays on this image are red the some somewhat younger and closer ones are orange then come yellow spots and finally blue or white ones naidoo's algorithm looked for the red spots and there especially for the oldest light rays on that history-making evening in July 2022 the program reported finding a Galaxy that became known as glass z13 and made the world of science tremble The Impossible Galaxy it was clear that a new era would Dawn with the James Webb Telescope that's what the researchers hoped for with James Webb they hoped to get closer to the Big Bang than ever before the telescope's output goes back about 13.5 billion years and the Big Bang is said to have occurred 13.8 billion years ago it was clear that James Webb's scope couldn't quite see all the weights the Big Bang but would have to be pretty darn close to that event with glass C13 already and on top of it very luminous Galaxy appeared which already existed at a time in which according to previous assumptions when there should have been only single Stars which slowly came together to galaxies therefore something was not right glass c-13's age was estimated at 13.4 billion years thus this galaxy already existed 400 years after the big bang physicists and astronomers calculated that the Universe originated from a single starting point with an event that we know today as the Big Bang the total potential concentrated at one point began its unfolding the ideas and models about this process were very exact already in the first second after the big bang the four fundamental forces of strong interaction weak interaction electromagnetic interaction and gravitation were formed the universe was a hot and dense primordial soup in which primordial particles occurred in a chaotic state within the first three minutes however the universe must have cooled down already so far that the Primeval forms of helium and hydrogen were formed but only after four hundred thousand years the universe was cool enough to form Elementary particles capable of bonding according to these models the first Stars appeared 150 million years after the big bang these first stars are said to have been true Giants of helium and hydrogen and their lifetimes were probably very short such giant stars of the so-called third generation attach themselves sometimes to gigantic structures which were formed by dark matter and thus first proto-galaxies or gas clusters are supposed to have developed only when heavy elements appeared in space Stars gained mass and thus gravitational forces thanks to gravity proto-galaxies merged with large galaxies and over a period of about 1 billion years the globular clusters spiral arm galaxies or disc galaxies may have formed galaxies as we know them today with the discovery of glass C13 this model was abruptly destroyed because a galaxy of this Mass this order and Luminosity should not have existed 400 million years after the big bang initially there was still hope that naidu's algorithm was wrong but not all researchers hoped for an error because the Big Bang Theory has meanwhile also many opponents more and more indications or even proof speak to the fact that our universe is structured in truth completely differently and also its Beginnings were different than assumed so far shortly after naidu's Discovery new galaxies appeared almost daily and they became older and older glassy 13 was therefore not an isolated case but only one of many proponents of The Big Bang Theory have experienced one or two sleepless nights since last summer everything they had believed in so far could now prove to be wrong the mystery of dark matter reconstructions of the beginning of the cosmos are based to a large extent on realizations of exotic physics this is precisely where some researchers see the problem this branch of astrophysics deals with dark matter or negative matter and from exactly these forces we know up to now only very little about the interactions and feedback between Starlight gas and dust there were so far more theories and hardly founded knowledge somehow the assumptions and calculations fit together until James Webb came along actually this branch of physics also hoped to finally learn more about the phenomena underlying the big bang and the beginnings of the universe by looking through the telescope to the cosmic Dawn now these researchers had to realize that James Webb had provided them with quite different food for thought in short the results mean that the Big Bang never existed at all that it took place at a different time than previously assumed or the processes of the beginning of the universe took place completely differently than scientists imagined and calculated so far soon still another galaxy appeared at the edge of the universe known so far which turned previous assumptions completely on their head Seer 1749 became known as the Schrodinger Galaxy this galaxy is also one of the oldest and not a big bang conformed Galaxy but Sears 1749 has another special feature the Galaxy is in a direct Cosmic environment in which the surrounding celestial bodies show an age which does not fit to Sears 1749 this galaxy had already existed 200 million years after the supposed big bang and seems to be somehow also from another time our red light shift errors to blame the appearance of the enigmatic Schrodinger's Galaxy which got its nickname from the quantum experiment Schrodinger's Cat cast doubt on the accuracy of previous measurement Methods at present the measuring methods are checked worldwide but so far it looks as if the measuring methods are correct and in the meantime even older Galaxies have appeared redshift is the shift of spectral lines to longer wavelengths as an object moves farther away in astronomy the red shift is denoted by a dimensionless quantity z z equals zero corresponds to the present if the value increases for objects in deep space their distance and our Look Back Time also increase Hubble was able to find a single Galaxy with a redshift of 11 redshift 11 tells us that this galaxy is 13.4 billion years old the Big Bang is said to have occurred 13.8 billion years ago for a long time the Galaxy discovered by Hubble was considered the oldest and now web brings to light dozens of other and even older galaxies the oldest galaxies discovered in the meantime have incredible values of 20z long-term observations with the Atacama large millimeter array or the alma telescope in Chile could confirm Webb's data in the meantime currently astronomers are desperately trying to fit Webb's observations into various cosmological models only time will tell if they will succeed the findings are still too recent to draw definite conclusions it all began with a mistake a first image of this type actually came about through a mistake in 1995 U.S astronomer Robert Williams had a Hubble contingent that year that he could use for himself and his work the astronomer decided to point the telescope at a comparatively empty spot in the constellation of the Big Dipper that Hubble's observing time was scarce expensive and in hot demand researchers worldwide shook their heads at Hal Williams led a quasi-empty space in the cosmos be studied by the world's most expensive and best telescope bubble took 10 consecutive days of images experts predicted that this observation would reveal at best a handful of faint galaxies and Williams was on the verge of losing his job because of his extravagant request but then the miracle happened due to the lack of luminous stars and galaxies in the foreground light from much older stars and galaxies came through in the image the Hubble Deep Field showed that the supposedly empty spot was filled with thousands of galaxies up to 12 billion years old for for the first time researchers saw so far into space and a whole new way of observing the cosmos was born it was then that researchers came up with the idea of constructing a new telescope with a new Space Telescope they wanted to look even deeper into space and even further back in time well that has been achieved today less than 30 years later and we are only at the beginning of the James Webb Mission so it will remain exciting and we can be curious what Secrets the telescope will still reveal tell us now what you think about this development do you care whether there was a big bang or not or are you one of those people who desperately want to know where and when the universe began and of course whether it will have an end let us know and remember to mention in your comment that you've subscribed so we can consider it accordingly we thank you for watching and look forward to seeing you back at simply space soon

Channel: TheSimplySpace

Views: 285,556

Keywords: thesimplyspace, the simply space, universe, space, science, planets, galaxy, top 10, top 5

Id: GcrHdOwPTi0

Length: 62min 7sec (3727 seconds)

Published: Thu Aug 03 2023