The Archeological Find That Broke History

foreign this is a piece of brick from a 2000 year old Roman Fort that I visited in England maybe 20 years ago or so I just I saw it laying on the ground and uh yeah I took it yeah I know it was wrong if everybody took a piece of the brick there'd be nothing left I know but this is my first time overseas and I just I just never seen anything that old before and it just did it blew my mind some actual human being that was around close to the same time as Jesus picked up this brick and placed it on the wall smeared it with mortar and created a dwelling for somebody else to live in before that a totally different person transported it there on a horse and cart probably and before that another person sold the brick to that guy and before that a totally different guy altogether formed the brick and put it in a kiln and made it in the first place because that's how civilization works you know lots of different people doing lots of different jobs specialized jobs working together in a system that provides for everyone it took a long time for human beings to get to this point from from bands of hunter-gatherers generalists basically to Specialists and the conventional wisdom has always been that it had to do with agriculture it took the Agricultural Revolution to not just create a more stable food source but it forced Humanity to kind of specialize and congregate and create systems to produce it and distribute it trade with it and it was out of that necessity at the first city sprang up most of these early cities were centered around the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers the city state of Europe has always been that are the first city going back 6 000 years ago this is how civilization began as we understand it you know it it works it makes sense all the the pieces fit together perfectly and then we found Gobekli Tepe [Music] hundreds of years the locals of the Anatolia region of turkey knew of a unique Hill in the grumos mountains that Rose slowly over the surrounding landscape to a moderate height of about 50 meters they called this hill pot belly Hill and used it for sheep pastoring and agriculture Gobekli Tepe means Potbelly Hill in Turkish and that's just what it was a random Hill with sheep on it for thousands of years until about the 1960s when it was first examined by a team of anthropologists at the University of Chicago in Istanbul University and in their examination they found flint and Limestone artifacts and assumed it was an abandoned medieval cemetery and that theory held sway until about 1994 when German archaeologist Klaus Schmidt got a hold of the researchers reports and he saw something different he'd been working on a survey of prehistoric sites in that region and something about the reports just didn't read right to him so he went to check it out for himself when he got there he immediately knew he found something special saying quote in one minute in one second it was clear what was clear to him was that this was no mere cemetery and certainly not something as recent as the Middle Ages this was something much bigger and something that probably went back to the stone ages so we returned the next year to do a more extensive search this time with five colleagues and that's when they discovered a series of megaliths buried just below the ground some of them were actually buried so close to the surface that plows had scarred the top of them and these megaliths would become Schmidt's life work for the next 20 years but at the time the team didn't find any signs of actual settlement there things like houses trash pits cooking horse that kind of thing they did discover evidence of tool use like blades and stone hammers which actually matched artifacts from nearby sites that have been dated to around 9000 BCE so they assumed that this site was from roughly that age as well carb been dating on the structures would later verify that assumption making Gobekli Tepe twice as old as Stonehenge in the Egyptian pyramids like Stonehenge Gobekli Tepe structure includes circles a t-shaped limestone pillars many of them featuring etchings of animals on them like birds foxes lions and scorpions the site's pillars are arranged in circles of 20 meters in diameter and since there's no evidence that it was used for animal domestication or farming archaeologists believe that hunter-gatherers may have built it the thing is though this site features archaeological complexity that probably would have been too advanced for hunter-gatherers a study published in the Cambridge archaeological journal in 2020 explored the question of whether or not the site's round enclosures were a cohesive scheme or built without reference to each other a study co-author and archaeologist Gil heckley told Hertz at the time quote there's a lot of speculation that the structures were built successively possibly by different groups of people and that one was covered up for a while while the next one was being built but there's no evidence that they are not contemporaneous the researchers use the computer algorithm based on standard deviation mapping to analyze the underlying architecture and no I don't know what that means what they found was that three of the enclosures look like they were designed together in a kind of a triangle regular geometric pattern so the site comprises two main layers Layer Three is the oldest made up of large curvilinear enclosures and it's from the pre-pottery Neolithic a period around 8 300 to 7500 BCE layer 2 is from the early and middle pre-pottery Neolithic B periods around 7 500 to 6000 BCE it features smaller rectangular structures with lime plaster floors all crowded together with shared walls and the evidence shows that layer 3's enclosures experienced a series of backfilling events indicating that maybe they were intentionally buried this has actually been a major component of the study's theories around the history of Gobekli Tepe because the structures Center points form an almost almost perfect triangle with sides measuring 19 meters in length so yeah the big question is did the original Builders build one enclosure first and then plan the other two based on it to create a triangle or did different groups come along later on and build them over time according to archaeologists Anna belfer Cohen Who full disclosure was not part of the study quote it's more likely that there are many different groups that consider this entire area sacred and converged on it to erect these enclosures rather than a single group that went crazy and just constructed these complexes day and night so maybe the biggest question is who were these people and what were they doing there was it a settlement or a city of some kind well Schmidt didn't think so because there's so few like residential buildings in the area and there's not much evidence that the land around it had been cultivated very much instead he believed that it was a sanctuary and maybe a regional pilgrimage Center where people gathered to perform religious rights now the site does contain a lot of butchered animal bones which may be evidence that they were feeding large numbers of people or it might be evidence that there were animal sacrifices but more recent evidence shows that Schmidt may have been wrong about that in fact the site may have been supporting a semi-sedentary population from the beginning and it was kind of found by accident Schmidt actually died in 2014 and once he died the site kind of became a bit of a tourist attraction so they decided to put up some some shading with the giant fabric canopy so that people can you know go there and not be beaten down by the Sun so to do so they had to you know build a deep hole down into the Earth to create a foundation for the canopy they were digging way deeper than they never dug before like all the way down to the Bedrock and it was way down there that they found something they hadn't seen before it was evidence for houses is in a year-round settlement so yeah it may have actually been a thriving village with large buildings at its Center for special events for a while anyway they also found a large cistern channels for collecting rain water and thousands of grinding tools for processing grain for for porridge and beer as Schmidt's successor Lee Claire told BBC in August 2021 quote Gobekli Tepe is still a unique special site but the new insights fit better with what we know from other sites it was a fully fledged settlement with permanent occupation it's changed our whole understanding of the site so Gobekli Tepe might have been an actual fully fledged civilization cool right except not cool because that kind of breaks history you know like I said before our understanding has always been that places like this were only possible after the Advent of farming Stonehenge the pyramids even the astronomical side of naptip that goes back seven thousand years all of these coincide with the earliest use of Agriculture Gobekli Tepe may go back even as far as 15 000 years not only way earlier than agriculture but way before there were domesticated pack animals or metal tools this whole thing was done by human hands this would have required massive amounts of effort and coordination which leads to maybe the biggest mystery of all why why was it built in the first place so in 2017 a pair of chemical Engineers made headlines because they suggested that maybe it was astronomical in nature that the animal carvings on the site's pillars lined up with positions of certain Stars thousands of years ago and one of their more Saucy claims is that the vulture Stone that's carved on pillar 43 is actually a date stamp for a comet strike 13 000 years ago as the studies lead Arthur Martin Sweatman said in a press release quote it appears Gobekli Tepe was among other things an observatory for monitoring the night sky one of its pillars seemed to have served as a memorial to this devastating event probably the worst day in history since the end of the Ice Age this idea um isn't shared by everyone the archaeologists on the ground weren't buying it they said this quote it is highly unlikely that early Neolithic hunters in Upper Mesopotamia recognize the exact same Celestial constellations as described by the ancient Egyptian Arabian and Greek Scholars which still populate our imagination today just to be clear I don't think that they're suggesting that the positions of the Stars would have changed in that time because they wouldn't have not significantly anyway but they are suggesting that the people back then probably wouldn't have seen the same symbols in the sky that later civilizations would have seen yeah keep in mind the Greeks thought this was a bear so yeah interpretations change now maybe even more mind-blowing is that Gobekli Tepe was just the beginning Turkish archaeologists working in that area found dozens of similar Hilltop sites all of them with the t-shaped pillars and all of them dating from around the same time period and in fact some of these other sites show evidence that people were starting to experiment with domesticating animals and and cultivating plants so some actually believe that the Gobekli Tepe site might have been sort of a last-ditch effort by a hunter-gatherer Society to hang on to their Vanishing lifestyle as the world was transitioning to farming a society struggling to adapt as a new technology takes hold what must that be like and one piece of evidence that supports that theory is that some of Gobekli tepe's Stone carvings feature animals that you wouldn't have seen in that area at the time as Dr Claire said quote they're more than just pictures they're narratives which are very important in keeping groups together and creating a shared identity so now we know the Gobekli Tepe wasn't alone but now we have reason to believe that it wasn't even the oldest there's actually a site called bangkoklu Tarla in Southeastern turkey that resembles some of the discoveries that were found at Gobekli Tepe but it could be as much as a thousand years older than Gobekli located at 300 kilometers east of Gobekli bongook lutala's excavations of burn Earth houses private and public buildings 130 skeletons and more than a hundred thousand beads carhunt Taipei is about 40 kilometers from Gobekli Tepe is considered its sister side findings suggests that it was active during the pre-pottery Neolithic period and it's got a lot of similarities to gobekli's layer 2. these include 266 t-shaped pillars and animal release depicting Birds gazelles insects rabbits and snakes this site also includes circular homes and ceremonial structures one worth pointing out has 11 giant phalluses washed over by a bearded head with a Serpent's body like you do now unlike obeko Tepe there's a lot of depictions of humans at carhuntepe and some people think that this might indicate that they began to see themselves as distinct from the Animal World carhan Tepe was intentionally buried and abandoned over time which seems to be a common fate for a lot of these Turkish sites for reasons that we may never know but before I close this thing out I feel like if we're going to talk about ancient cities we kind of need to talk about Jericho you know go back to Tepe gets a lot of attention because it's you know sexy and mysterious and everything but Jericho's been around for almost as long but it's been continuously inhabited this whole time Jericho is in fact the world's oldest continuously inhabited City the famous tower of Jericho is one of the first indications that hunter-gatherers stayed and built a community in the area and it was built around 12 000 years ago the exact purpose of the tower has long been debated but it was built to be seen and it could have been a gathering place for the community and it's thought that Jericho transitioned completely to farming around 7 000 years ago there's evidence there that people grew barley chickpeas lentils and wheat they also domesticated goats and sheep the city was also located right next to a huge spring making it an ideal place to live for a long time so Jericho was able to adapt with the times and and transition and new technologies and new societies new religions even but they're the exception to the rule most ancient cities eventually fall in crumble under the weight of time and I'm sure there are many other ancient cities yet to be found fully fledged civilizations completely sure of their superiority and their place at the center of a universe that was created just for them people who couldn't possibly imagine that they're great cities and ceremonial places could ever be forgotten to history and yet here we are I guess you could say that feeling timeless is timeless I think it's also worth taking away from this story that you know people from the past were a lot more intelligent than we give them credit for hell a lot of things we do today are worse than the way we used to do it like shaving for example today pretty much everybody uses these cartridge blades like you're almost forced to use these go to a grocery store it's pretty much all you see but don't you think it's interesting how all the Shaving companies defaulted to this design it's not because it makes them less money yet Razer companies figured out years ago that the real money is in the blade so they charge up to two dollars per cartridge and convince you it's special because it's got five blades and a lubricating strip and next thing you know you're paying them hundreds of dollars a year we all just bought into this idea that you got to have five blades to get a good shave when actually one is plenty if you do it right and one company that is doing it right is today's sponsor hens and shaving Henson turns that entire business model upside down instead of Designing a cheap handle and charging people out the Wazoo for Blaze they developed a Precision engineered razor designed to support the 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let me murder their names we got Brian Roeder Adam Anderson Matthew McCombs Victor caledons um ocelda calderon's uh Harrison cook gerd Timmerman uh Corey Lynn Arthur zargarian Earthbound Martian Kristen Ratcliffe Steve Coffey Peter Dillinger Drew Master Anthony Mack and Paul schreiton something like that anyway thank you guys so much if you'd like to join them uh you can get early access to videos um access to a wider Community people exclusive live streams all that kind of stuff um you just go to patreon.com answers with Joe all right please do like and share this video if you liked it and if this is your first time here maybe click on this one I'll send you to another Mr L I'll put another mystery thing there you can go check out or if you're on your browser all these things on the side you'll probably see some with my little face on it and the thumbnail uh do and check them out and if you enjoy them I invite you to subscribe I come back of videos every Monday alright cool guys thanks a lot for watching you guys go out there have an eye-opening rest of the week stay safe and I'll see you next Monday love you guys take care

Channel: Joe Scott

Views: 2,812,635

Keywords: answers with joe, joe scott

Id: oZnW-E70wq8

Length: 16min 16sec (976 seconds)

Published: Mon Oct 17 2022

Reddit Comments

[u/SebWilms2002]

I still think a relatively sound theory is that the oldest civilizations we're finding (so far) are just the stragglers left over from a pre-LGM civilization. Anatomically modern humans have been around at least 300'000 years. We have evidence of pre-humans making and using stone tools millions of years ago. And we're expected to believe pre-humans and humans for hundreds of thousands of years understood that they could shape stone to make tools, but just never progressed beyond that? I think that the last ice age was simply the most recent upset to global climate, which created mass migration, likely mass death from inability to adapt and cope with changing climate and coastlines. But some survived, and carried on the stories and knowledge of their ancestors.

The whole idea that people all over the globe all at once decided to plant seeds, domesticate livestock and create permanent structures is absurd. The fact that the earliest cultures all had parallels in their religions and cults and iconography is too much of a coincidence. It takes more faith to believe that than it does to at the very least humor the idea that civilization is older than we're told. Science marches on, and we continue to discover new things. In my lifetime we went from the "Clovis first" theory of the settling of north america to having proof of human presence 20'000, and as much as 30'000 years earlier than the Clovis culture.

[u/TotallyNotYourDaddy]

Cant wait for the old historians to die so we can actually start figuring where this place actually fits in human history. You know, sometimes you gotta rewrite all those books you’ve been selling your whole career.

[u/WutangCND]

Well that was a good watch. Makes me want to listen to Graham hancock on JRE now

[u/Former_nobody13]

Skeptics fucking hate to talk about this , puma punko and Nan madal since they don't really fit in with their "official" history .

[u/Pspguru]

Joe is so cool. I love that channel

[u/vinetwiner]

Excellent content. Thanks for sharing.

[u/LostMind3622]

We are soooo missing something in our past to explain this. Its like we have amnesia or we are so brainwashed by the current standard model of history we don't have the ability to imagine we came from a different path. Gobekli Tepe appears as though HG society 9k to 12k years ago was infiltrated by a lost, unknown, more advanced society and passed their knowledge on to them and taught them agriculture and animal domestication. Taught them how to be settled. Who these ppl were is one of the greatest mysteries in our history. I've read a lot of M. Sweatmans stuff and I think he is very close to being right about this. At least until someone else comes up with a better idea why HG ppl nearly instantly figured out how to farm and build villages out of thin air. I love this mystery.