this video was brought to you by War Thunder Tesla was born in sman 1856 Tesla invented toys for himself he used June bugs so he would tie strings to the bug's legs well he would tape them onto a a windmill and to power the windmill they would flow in their wings would spin the turban he begged his father to send him to technical school but his father wanted him to follow his footsteps and become a priest and Tesla was not interested in that as a stroke of Faith Tesla gets extremely sick with chera and couldn't leave his bed for 9 months his parents thought he actually was going to die and Tesla kind of played that up a little bit and said hey if you guys will send me technical school I'll pull through and and he and his father agreed and of course he snapped to life that gave him the inspiration to to get through that Tesla went to school and this professor brought out what's called a gram motor and that motor was DC and it used brushes and let me tell you Tesla was not impressed he thinks the motor is too noisy and efficient being the main problem the brushes he thinks a better motor would get rid of the brushes altogether he vocalizes his opinion to what the professor responds Mr Tesla May accomplish great things but he certainly will never do this it would be equivalent to converting a steadily pulling Force like gravity into a rotary effort it is a perpetual motion scheme an impossible idea that is quite the Bold statement especially because it's absolutely wrong I mean Tesla is known for solving that problem so why would the professor say that let's start by looking at the Graham Dynamo Graham is the name of the man who developed the Dynamo and Dynamo means generator but wait a second I thought we were talking about electric motors well that's one of the many cool things about electric motors they can also be generators if you apply a voltage to a motor it rotates and if you rotate the motor it generates a voltage sponsor time the mme me163 comet is the only rocket airplane operated by a human in history it was deployed during the second world war and it was powered by a methanol hydrogen peroxide rocket engine I don't know if you watch my videos but that's a pretty violent reaction it had 2,000 kg of thrust it could reach 1,000 km per hour in 1943 now was this the most dangerous airplane you could ever pilot yes would I like to give it a go yes could I give it a go well yes with War Thunder War Thunder is a free epic multiplayer war game that allows you to battle your friends using every single War vehicle you can imagine tanks battleships helicopters and this yeah the game allows you to customize your vehicle to match your personality and unique approach to battle battle that can happen in deserts forests and snow covered mountains you also have the new update Kings of battle for the first time the game features a unique Flanders map that changes depending on the vehicle you're playing with additionally the legendary Blackhawk helicopter has made his debut in the game download War Thunder for free using the link in the description all new players and those who have not played for 6 months or more receive a bunch of gifts rentals for the P40 E1 aircraft and M4 tank for a week with cool skins a special decorator and other bonuses thank you so much for supporting this Channel and let's get back to the video now believe it or not the difference between this 150 years old electric motor and this tiny guy that is very common nowadays is not that big any DC motor uses the two same basic things permanent magnets and electromagnets electromagnets are just copper wire coiled around something and they have a cool property they only become magnets when you pass an electric current through them the rest of the time they don't do much now imagine a setup where you have a fixed permanent magnet and an electromagnet that can rotate if I pass a current through the electromagnet it turns on gets attracted by the permanent magnet and rotates a little bit and that's basically it nothing much happens after that to turn this into a motor we need need a clever way of turning the electromagnet on and off at the right times and that is where the commutator and the brushes come in the commutator and the brushes are just a simple mechanism that not only turns the electromagnet on and off but actually reverses the polarity of the electromagnet it's a smart solution but not an efficient one and Nica Tesla knew he could do better but the answer didn't come to him right away in the meantime the telephone was just arriving in Europe so Tesla went to Budapest to work on that Enterprise there he stands out for being able to do what he did best solve problems he developed an amplifier for the phones that helped people with poor hearing to be able to actually use the phone one day while walking with his friend cetti in the city park of Budapest Tesla has a blinding Vision it was his Eureka moment he picked up a stick and Drew the diagram for the new motor while saying see my motor watch me reverse it it was a reversible motor it was also held as one of the most important inventions of modern history but why well do you remember the brushes this motor doesn't have brushes that means an increase in efficiency from 50% to 96% as a motor that's fantastic but as a generator that produces power for entire cities that's Monumental but wait a second I thought getting rid of the brushes was impossible how did Tesla manage to pull that off well the answer is going to sound a little bit silly but basically he rotates the entire magnetic field no mechanical parts required this is a very simplified version of Tesla solution and the first thing you might notice is that the permanent magnets are gone instead Tesla replaced those permanent magnets with electromagnets that turn on and off in a cycle to simulate a rotating magnetic field to avoid mechanical switches he uses three phase of alternating current because alternating current fluctuates in a sinusoidal manner not only turns itself on and off but it actually reverses itself that all sounds very interesting but how do you get three-phase alternating current well you use a three-phase motor as the generator come on guys keep up now that Nica Tesla had the golden ticket idea what he needed was money to build a prototype because ideas everyone has but few are the ones that are able to make them work to get money Nicol Tesla went to Paris where he didn't have the best experience ever because he had to spend every single dime he made trying to build a prototype in one instance his employer Mr pusz asked him how he was getting along in the new city to what Nicha Tesla replied the last 29 days of the month are the toughest eventually Nicha Tesla is able to build this prototype and he knows exactly what to do next he needs to show it to the one person that is revolutionizing the world with electricity Thomas Alva Edison Tesla didn't understand how vested Edison was in DC he really thought that Edison was like you know be blown away like hey yeah let's throw away all this DC crap and you know Implement your stuff way because Edison was so EMB bested and he knew what he had would work he didn't have the same understanding of AC that Tesla did so he was skeptical rightfully so in the meantime that's where we get to the ship that Edison couldn't repair himself this ship had one of the early Lighting systems with a Dynamo and electric lighting and there was some issue where the dynamos kept burning out Edison apparently had repaired it multiple times and it continued to break down he was kind of at his wits end with it I don't know if it was mentioned in passing or what but Edison said you know I'll give $50,000 to the man that can really fix this ship of course Tesla heard it and raised his hand and said I'll do it well Tesla worked day and night for a number of days and solve the problem and came back and let Edison know and asked for the $50,000 and Edison apparently saying you don't understand American sense of humor he worked for Edison you know roughly a year then they got into it over the repair of the ship Tesla walks out I'm done Tesla can't find work immediately was hungry he he didn't have any money he didn't have a place to live and he dug ditches for like 4 cents a day so he was barely getting by this is when Tesla called it the worst time of his life and by tragic irony of Destiny he was digging ditches for Addison's DC cables eventually he was approached by investors and formed a company called the Tesla electric liting manufacturing a company dedicated to Ark lights Arc lights are as simple as they sound use an electric Arc to provide light they were not good the light was too intense and spent way too much energy this is yet another dark chapter for Nicola Tesla because his investors pushed him out of the company with a little money he had he opened his own company called Tesla electric company finally he could dedicate himself to his motor in perfect timing as Tesla is finishing improving the motor he gets approached by George Westinghouse with an amazing offer of $2.5 per each horsepower Tesla generators would produce in the future Plus less $2,000 per month which equals about $50,000 nowadays and thus the perfect partnership began the reason why people called it the perfect partnership was because George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla had two thing in Commons they were both inventors George Westinghouse made his fortune inventing air brakes for locomotives and they both hated Addison like a lot do you remember how I said the timing was perfect well not long after the perfect partnership began it was organized the Chicago World Fair probably the biggest event in the world at the time and the theme for that year was electricity and electric lighting which means someone had to provide the lighting Thomas Addison submitted a beid using his DC system and the perfect partnership submitted a beid using their AC system as I said before the AC system is just more efficient which means less cables less power and less money as it's pretty obvious Nicola Tesla won to celebrate NCA Tesla one of the greatest inventors of all time and to prevent him from being forgotten again I created this poster that showcases his best inventions if you want to get one you can get it at intag za. comom the first 20 posters will be personally signed by me the Chicago World Fair was a colossal event just think about it with the exception of some people on New York no one had ever seen electric lighting at this scale it was both exciting and scary because it seemed like Tesla had forced the sunent to work overtime Nicola Tesla had many magical demonstrations at the fair one of them was the Egg of Columbus basically an induction motor that uses a free metal egg as the rotor that spinned into equilibrium for the people watching it seemed like sorcery this was an event that changed the world forever and in parallel completely destroy the world of Thomas Edison he was very very angry this was the beginning of the current Wars Edison was losing every single bit to AC because AC was just cheaper desperate he decided to start a campaign to prove AC was just too dangerous to be used he would electric animals in public using AC and even built an electric chair to execute people all in hopes of changing people's minds through fear and he almost did it once again just as things seemed to be going very very bad for Tesla a challenge presented itself for many many years a lot of people tried to turn the Niagara Falls into an hydraulic power station but the project was just proving to be very impractical and super expensive and then Tesla appeared it all happened because the person in charge of the commission to decide who would take the Niagara Falls project was Lord Kelvin an Infamous British physicist if you don't know who Lord Kelvin is allow me to put things into perspective are you familiar with the laws of thermodynamics you know the laws that govern the entire universe yeah he formulated two of those do you know how the absolute unit for temperature is Kelvin yeah take a guess I could do this all day but for the purpose of the video the only thing you really need to know is that this guy hated AC I mean he did until he went to the Chicago World Fair after that he decided that Nichola Tesla was his man construction for the hydraulic power station began in 1893 and let me tell tell you something everyone was panicking there was a lot of money involved and a lot of rich people involved we're talking about JP Morgan John Jacob Aster Lord Rothchild and more all of those people were in Nicola Tesla's hands and his hands were not shaking because in his mind the hydraulic power station was already running and that was enough in 1986 the dream of Nicola Tesla became true the switch was turned on and the Niagara Falls were powering lights and street cars all over Buffalo New York a city that was 21 M away from the power station and that detail is important because this time Tesla won against Addison not just because AC was cheaper but also because AC was the only viable solution to make electricity travel that far the reason why AC is so much better for long distances comes down to this equation here the power lost in the lines depends heavily in the amount of current with AC you can just use very high voltage and low current through the lines and then use a Transformer to step down the voltage and increase the current with DC you can can't use Transformers funny enough most of our house appliances use DC current that's the reason why you can't just charge your phone by plugging two wires into the wall your charger has a Transformer and that Transformer in each score has two coils of copper wire as long as we're talking about Transformers we might as well talk about the most famous Transformer in the world the Tesla coil in his experiments with AC in developing the system he was looking for ways to make AC more efficient would AC transmit fur with more efficiency at a higher voltage and he was experimenting on how to obtain those higher voltages and that's kind of the birth of the Tesla coil even before the construction of the Niagara Falls began it was already working on a circuit that could reach millions of volts wait a second wasn't Addison able to kill animals using regular AC I mean even nowadays if you get shocked by the 220 volt in your socket you die isn't the millions of volts ID a little bit crazy okay it's time we finally answer the question what kills you voltage or current let's find out Cameron hit me this person holding the lightning weapon is Cameron Prince he is a n Tesla storian and also professional at building Tesla coils the lightning weapon you saw before is basically a portable Tesla coil that shoots 1 M Sparks of about 3 million volts the reason for me being alive and also to answer the question what kills you are both the current and the voltage but if the current is small you should be fine even in the presence of millions of volts the reason why the current is so small in this case is because like I said before the Tesla coil is a Transformer that lowers the current and spikes the voltage the circuit used in the Tesla coil is actually very very clever it uses a capacitor inductors and a spark cap the capacitor is just a reservoir for electric charge in the same way that this balloon can hold hair if I pump hair into it it rises in pressure and eventually I can release all that pressure the spark app concept is also important important and pretty simple basically if you have two wires at a fixed distance it requires a certain amount of voltage between them for a spark to jump in air it's about 3,000 volts to jump 1 mm in the Tesla coil the capacitor is charged with AC current when the capacitor reaches a voltage big enough a spark jumps and goes through the primary coil because the primary coil has few turns and the secondary has many many turns this current going through the primary induces an enormous voltage in the secondary that generates a spark this cycle repeats itself several times per second and that's the reason for the pulsated Sparks you normally see in Tesla coils okay that's really interesting but why is the Tesla coil so famous what is the Practical use the first application niol Tesla found for this high voltage high frequency generator was wireless light if you put a fluorescent light bulb next to Tesla coil the light bulb lights up with no wires attached that happens because the Tesla coil is also emitting an oscillating magnetic field that excites the gas inside the bulb but as you can see if I get away from from the coil the bulb goes out so at this scale is not a solution for wireless lighting the second application of the Tesla coil was the production of radio waves radio waves were generated at the time using a spark app as you can see if I use this modern Transformer to generate Sparks I can transmit simple moris code to that radio over there if I go a step further and I modulate the frequen of the Sparks I can transmit audio to that radio not the best quality but you get the point it's impossible to talk about radio without talking about Marone Tesla was the first one that I know of that used a capacitor in conjunction with an inductor to make a tuned circuit and that's what Marone used in the basis of His Radio which was stolen from Tesla as far as I know uh the the radio circuit at the time was not that complex right oh no wasn't it as simple as opening up a radio looking at the circuit and saying well circuit here pent of niola TLA here you would think Marone denied actually using it recognized that Marone was using his equipment and accused him of it in fact there were several lawsuits against Marcone and others that didn't pan out but recognized it and they denied it and it was later proven by the patent office and the Supreme Court that marone's invention did indeed use the same circuit Marcone LeapFrog Tesla is what he did he used his stuff commercialized it before Tesla had a chance to and the reason was that Tesla she wanted to say you know I I can do power I can do video I can do music I can do voice I can do all this at once with my system where Marone is focusing solely on radio signals yeah voice Marone had had successes even back in 1899 a lot of people theorize and the dates correspond with marone's testing in England and Tesla receiving it in Colorado that's insane yeah okay let's be pragmatic about this first of all how would Marone even steal the circuit I mean it's not like there was internet at the time right well there wasn't internet but there was magazines there were a network of inventors that were brought together by these magazines the uh electrical world is one of the ones that comes to mind think of it almost as a modern day Forum or Reddit thread and but this was in print so these people would submit things for the recognition of it Tesla would submit his ideas and these other inventors would submit theirs as well and they would kind of cross-pollinate each other it was a gold rush essentially everybody saw the potential of radio and they wanted a part of it I've seen this online in which I see a boot uh it's basically x-ray of a boot and it's credited to Tes Is that real that is Tesla's foot yes that it is remember I I was telling you they were sharing ideas so Tesla was also responsible in some way for x-ray uh Redken is the person that's credited with creating the X-ray for those you know purposes but Tesla and he were communicating in that same Forum that I was telling you about so they were exchanging ideas and reden used Tesla's work for that as well the the boot is an actual photo that was actually made by Nicholas tlock yes and there's one of his hand as well okay maybe it was easy to steal a circuit but why wouldn't TLA just release the radio commercially first well it wasn't that simple uh the laboratory that burned down was in that was New York City South Fifth Avenue and what happened exactly so Tesla um he was on the second floor and Below him was an elevator company and they had a fire in their part of the building which then engulfed Tesla's lab as well and it it burned it to the ground so Tesla lost everything all of his prototypes all of his tools he basically had to start over it was pretty devastating to Tesla uh Mark Cipher says that was one of the low points in his life where um Tesla you know considered giving up it took almost a year for Tesla to rebuild but he didn't give up and what he did next is just out of this world this is about the time Tesla devised his remote control boat Tesla reportedly did a demonstration at Madison Square Garden in New York in the 18 I want to say 96 97 kind of range and that was where it was first demonstrated for the public but there's nothing nothing in the New York Times nothing in the New York Sun N none of the popular papers of the day have any articles about the boat that I can find whatsoever there's one bit of proof about the boat that I'm aware of Tesla maintained his lab in New York on Hon Street he left his assistant in charge and his name was sheriff or Sher well there's a communicate between sheriff and Tesla after Tesla got to Colorado where Sheriff had told him that he had received the things back from Chicago so that was the boat that came back after that demo at the Yacht Club those correspondences are in the Smithsonian I believe and uh I do have a copy of them yeah keep in mind when the remote control boat had multiple frequencies because it did multiple things right it would go forward backward had a Rudder that can move left and right as well as had a light on top that would turn on and off just to put things into context whilst Marone was trying to commercialize his Wireless Telegraph Nicola Tesla built an RC boat in 1898 how insane is that even if it was amazing for the time being it was just a publicity stunt because what Nika Tesla really wanted to do is to get funds to create his wireless energy Network for the entire Planet all right so in 1900 early 1900 Tesla decides that he's done all he can do in Colorado Springs he picked a suitable location on Long Island by this point John Jacob Aster had died on the Titanic so his primary investor was no longer available wait are you telling me one of his main investor died in the in the Titanic yeah I didn't know this sure enough aser basically wrote Tesla a check for $100,000 in8 1899 which you know do the math that's uh well over a million dollars in comparable money this is where uh JP Morgan comes in his primary reason for partnering with Tesla was because he was involved in yacht races himself these were happening in England and he wanted to basically take bets he wanted to wager on these races with people in New York so he needed that information about who won the races it was all about gambling so Tesla partnered with him and I think the number is uh 250,000 this time that he got from JP Morgan but Tesla was a little sneaky and not revealing that his real Focus was power transmission not radio not signals not horse race or yacht race results so Tesla built the biggest coil that he could within reason and he began experimenting there with the purpose of of Wireless power transmission Maroney was transmitting the letter S and the signals that Tesla received also corresponded with the same dot dash kind of thing did Marone ever like actually came public with uh his circuit yeah because that's what um eventually resulted in JP Morgan pulling his funding because Marone sued Ed if Marone would have acknowledged that he was using Tesla's circuit and paid him royalty he would have enough money to he would had enough money because Nichol Tesla lost all of his funding and creating a wireless network of energy would require a lot of money he tried to disguise the system as the one thing he thought he would get immediate funding from the US government a weapon it's like the death rate just a myth or was it it something that he was actually trying to get to he was trying to get to it and I I believe all that was just a means to an end for wireless power as well it was just another Avenue it it was also an example of Tesla taking advantage of the time because the war the second war had just started and he wanted to do what he could to help you know with that war he talks about electrostatics at some point he talks about a directed energy beam he talks about projectiles in some of them one of the ways he looked at was using a beam whether it be x-ray laser Tesla was experimenting with rubies he couldn't keep the beam within a reasonable size over a dist it was too scattered it would disperse it would disperse even after being forced to advocate of his one true goal nicholes didn't stop inventing he invented a bladeless turbine he invented a check valve with no moving parts and a mechanical oscillator that is rumored to have caused an earthquake I won't go into these inventions in this video because I have dedicated videos talking about those but keep in mind that after his death Nika Tesla had over 300 patents to his name Nikola Tesla dies in 1943 before the second world war ends and because he wasn't originally from the US all of the sudden he was seen as a threat so the US government confiscated all of his belongings now I'm not a fan of conspiracy theories but this is where things get a little bit weird an unrelated question do you know of any audio file that actually contains uh Tesla's voice no I've searched high and low for both motion picture uh which would typically have a audio track maybe um none nothing none to and here's the thing that stuns me so Tesla people know him best because of all these crazy articles that were written in newspapers about him especially at the time of his birthday in his later years of his life so it was an annual thing all these reporters would they had it on their calendar show up at Tesla's place you know in July Tesla would give them these prophecies about what was going to happen uh in technology you know this is something they're preparing for every year and if they've got equipment they're a newspaper right one of the biggest newspapers in the world why would they not have recording equipment is there any voice file of uh Edison yes there's video of Edison okay so that's really weird right yeah because it happens exactly in the same time frame yep now to end this video in a high note or at least a funny note let me tell you a story about an improbable friend of Nica Tesla Mark Twain Nicola Tesla and Mark Twain became friends because Nicola Tesla loved these books and Mark Twain loved his inventions Mark Twain would visit the lab regularly and in one of those visits he told tesle was a little bit constipated hearing this Nicola Tesla told him that he himself had some problem digesting food and for that effect he invented an oscillating platform that helped with the problem without even thinking about it Mark twne jumped into the platform and turned it to the Max and what happened next well was a show like literally I'll be very happy if I ever get to be onethird of what niola Tesla was and will be even happier if I can help the next Nica Tesla to get where he needs to be for that reason in this video I'm giving away a 3D printer on my last video I give away a 3D printer to the most liked comment suggesting a theme for a future video the winner was Mech student 420 if you also want to win a 3D printer all you need to do is subscribe to the channel leave a like on this video and post a comment suggesting a theme for a future video the most likely comment will win a brand new 3D printer thank you so much for watching and a big thanks to Cameron Prince for telling me all those fantastic stories if you want to know more about these stories you can visit his website at Tesla universe.com I'll leave you now with some of the most fantastic predictions by Nikola Tesla also remember tomatoes are disgusting see [Music] you [Music] for
