Slippery Jacks & Other Edible Suillus/Bolete Mushrooms

[Music] greetings everyone I'm Adam Harrington and in this video I'd like to take you around and show you some edible mushrooms that I think you'll enjoy seeing and learning so it's definitely getting colder you can tell I've got my jacket on most of the deciduous trees have dropped their leaves for the year though there are some oak trees and beech trees that are still holding on but it seems that most of the foliage now is being restricted to the conifer rich areas and that's where I am right now I'm in a con for its area specifically a pine plantation and I'm in a pine plantation because there's a particular group of mushrooms that can reliably be found mid to late autumn when it's getting colder outside and so we've had some rain the past couple of days and past couple of weeks so rather than just walking around the forest anywhere hoping to find any kind of edible mushroom I thought it comes specifically to a pine plantation to see if this particular group of mushrooms can be found so which group of mushrooms my talking about take a walk with me and hopefully we'll find some [Music] [Music] okay so here in the pine plantation I'm seeing all different kinds of pine trees including white pine trees red Pines and Virginia Pines I'm also seeing some spruce trees and some large trees but most of the trees around here are living pine trees it might seem like they're dead because you don't see any foliage down below but most of the foliage is up top because these pine trees are very shade intolerant and the particulars of mushrooms that I'm looking for in this pine plantation this time of year so mid autumn when the temperatures are dropping would be members of the Sioux Willis genus now sue Ellis mushrooms are considered to be bolete mushrooms and these particular bleep mushrooms generally have slimy or sticky caps and so they tend to attract a lot of pine debris and a lot of leaf litter they'll just be stuck to the caps now there are exceptions there are some swellest mushrooms that have dry cottony caps but most of the soilless mushrooms at least the ones that I find around here in western Pennsylvania this time of year tend to have these slimy or sticky caps now on the underside of these caps most sue Ellis mushrooms have a yellowish poor surface many sue Ellis mushrooms have a partial veil that covers the poor surface when the mushroom is immature then that partial veil breaks to leave a ring zone or an annulus around the stem and many soilless mushrooms have resinous dots on the stem now there are about 100 species of sue ellis mushrooms worldwide and whenever you find a mushroom that fits those characteristics that I just described it's very easy to put a mushroom in the soilless genus just by looking at it by putting a species name on it is a different game altogether it can be quite difficult to identify many soilless mushrooms to the species level now most soilless mushrooms are mycorrhizal and they form mycorrhizal connections specifically with conifer trees and more specifically with members of the pine genus also larch trees and fir trees though exceptions do exist because some soilless mushrooms grow in association with aspen trees and also oak trees now he briefly described mycorrhizal fungi in the previous video on the hottest mushroom in the forest in case you missed that video or in case you need a refresher will briefly describe it again so mike arisal literally means fungus root and mycorrhizal fungi for mutualistic symbiosis connections with most vascular plants both plant and fungal partners benefit through this association the fungus is able to send over to the plant nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients also water and in turn the fungus receives photosynthetically derived plant carbohydrates also by forming the symbiotic connection the plant is also able to receive enhanced resistance to stresses including heavy metal toxicity to drought to plant pathogens and also changes in the pH and salinity of the soil so with that background on su illest mushrooms let's actually go see if we can find some of these slimy sticky wild fungi [Music] okay so we've got our first soilless mushrooms of the day and this is a good one this is a good edible soilless mushroom you can see how slimy and sticky this is look at all the pine needles on there there's some deer berry leaves on there as well so it definitely fits the bill of a sue Ellis mushroom there's one over here one right here one back there there's a couple more scattered throughout here so which sue Ellis mushroom is this well this is the slippery Jack mushroom sue Alice latias and luteus means yellow and it refers to the yellow context of this mushroom whenever you cut it in half you will see that for the most part it's yellow there's some specimens aren't that yellow now sue Ellis luteus is one of the easiest to Willis mushrooms to identify the slightly sticky mushroom has a brownish cap on the underside you will see a yellow poor surface and whenever you look at a stock there are some very distinct features of this stock you'll see that on the top portion of the stock there are resinous dots and you will see a ring or a ring zone or sheathing ring around the stock and this ring does cover the poor surface when the mushroom is immature then it breaks to leave this ring zone around the stem not only is there a ring but it's a purplish brownish ring not too many other Sulis mushrooms have these features so if you see a soilless mushroom that fits all these features there's a good chance it's Willis luteus I tend to find soilless luteus with two needle pine trees this pine tree right here is a two needle pine tree which pine tree is this well this is a red pine tree and red pine trees have two needles per bundle or fascicle now sue Ellis luteus the slippery Jack mushroom is one of the more commonly collected sue Ellis mushrooms for the table it's a good edible mushroom I like this mushroom whenever I find a bunch I tend to harvest a couple and cook them up now there are some things you should know about this mushroom before doing that some people have issues with sue Ellis mushrooms we've talked about some of these issues in previous videos now this slimy sticky nature of this cap is due to the cap cuticle it's the outermost layer of the cap if you don't remove that it can cause gastrointestinal disturbances and can also cause diarrhea in many individuals so it's not just a couple individuals I've spoken with a couple individuals who can't consume the cap cuticle and you read online reports of people getting sick consuming a lot of the cap cuticle you just have one mushroom when you cook it you'll probably be fine but some people just can't tolerate a lot of it so it's very easy to remove you can remove it with your fingernail or you can remove it with a knife and if it's your first time consuming any sous illest mushroom definitely cook it and I would recommend removing this cap cuticle another thing you can do is remove the tubes this poor surface on the bottom you can remove it with your fingers or you can scrape it off with a knife if you do both of those you could probably ensure that you won't experience any gastrointestinal symptoms when consuming this mushroom and again there are reports online to people getting sick getting GI disturbances also getting diarrhea from consuming a lot of the cap cuticle that seems to be the bigger issue you don't remove the tubes it might be alright especially in younger specimens because the to Blair isn't that big once this mushroom gets older tends to get very very spongy on the underside I tend to remove that I also remove the stalks before cooking this mushroom they tend to be a little too fibrous another issue with Sue Ellis mushrooms we mentioned this in the mushroom myths video is that they can cause dermatitis and some sensitive individuals so because of the slimy sticky nature of the cap cuticle some sensitive individuals develop symptoms like swelling and itching and reddening of the skin but I can touch it just fine and I don't develop these symptoms I don't know anybody personally who does develop these symptoms but some people do and it's reported in the literature that it can cause dermatitis so just be careful before you do harvest a lot of these mushrooms if you're one of those sensitive individuals other than that if you bring it home you take all those special precautions especially if it's your first time you can probably ensure that you will have a good meal of SUEZ mushrooms particularly soilless luteus the slippery Jack mushroom let's go see if we can find other swellest mushrooms in this forest okay so I'm in a slightly different area right now I moved away from the red pine trees all I'm seeing right around here are eastern white pine trees so that bigger tree back there and I say bigger because it's all relatively speaking that's probably 40 years or younger but that's an eastern white pine tree it has leaves or needles born in bundles or fascicles of five so the fungal and plant community is actually a little different compared to the fungal and plant community over there with a red pine so I'm seeing a lot of Gala Rhino mushrooms popping up out of these mosses right here these brown cap species these are gallerina mushrooms I'm seeing a lot of politico mosses I'm seeing some sphagnum AUSA's all different kinds of mushrooms I'm not seeing any swellest luteus to Slippery Jack mushroom what I'm seeing though is this sue Ellis mushroom right here do you see all these slimy sticky mushrooms 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 just in this particular area as I walk around there's undoubtedly more of these mushrooms so it's slimy it's stinky it's growing in a pine rich area it's the fall a good chance this is a swellest mushroom and indeed this is a soilless mushroom so I've to write here you can just see how this debris just sticks to the cap of these mushrooms so what sue Ellis mushroom is this well this is the appropriately titled sue Ellis a siddhis or the sour cap to Willis and I'll get to the sour Katniss of this mushroom in just a couple of seconds this one's actually quite easy to identify so it's a lighter shade of brown on the cap compared to sue Ellis luteus though in older specimens you will see that the color is relatively the same but especially this younger specimen right here you can see that it's almost like a creamish tannish brownish color and there are key features in the stock of this mushroom just like there are key features on sue Ellis luteus so you look at a stock and you see these brownish smears these resinous dots all up and down the stalk of this mushroom another feature of this stock is that it's rather durable so if you snap this stock it'll snap almost like you're breaking a twig and it would be loud like that as well with suelo theas it's much more spongy err it's a thicker stock that doesn't really snap almost like you're cracking a knuckle on your hand also when you look at this mushroom swell as a siddhis you see that there is a partial veil it's very prominent in the younger specimens you'll see that it covers the poor surface its whitish its tannish and it breaks to leave a persistent ring or a ring zone around the stem so as I look at this you can see the younger specimen right here you can see the partial veil up there encircling the stock then you can see it's still there this remnant encircling the stock on this older specimen so this is SUEZ acid it's the sour caps willis now why do they call it the sour caps willis because the cap tastes sour now others swellest mushrooms will have a sour cap but this one is probably the most sour that I've ever tasted and it's the cap cuticle that has that sourness how do you get that sensation while you simply just taste it so if you nibble on a piece and I'll actually just pull up a specimen over here you can see all the debris that comes up along with it you just nibble on it and it's safe to do this and you nibble for a couple seconds and you get this acidic flavor the sourness to it much more sour than soils luteus much more sour than other soil species this is one of the most sour capped mushrooms in the swellest genus and because it's a raw wild mushroom make sure you do spit it out this mushroom is edible just likes willis liu theists this is edible however this one is not as highly regarded as sue Ellis Luo theists you can still bring this home and you can prepare it in all the same ways that I mentioned that you could prepare Sulu theists meaning peel the cap cuticle you could try to remove the tubes or the poor service as well and I remove the stock because it is very very fibrous it just snaps almost like you're breaking a twig now I didn't mention this for Sue Ellis luteus but another way to prepare swellest mushrooms you can dehydrate them then rehydrate them they seem to lose some of that slime eNOS associated with sue Ellis mushrooms and what I like to do first is remove the cap cuticle if I can and remove the tube layer and the poor surface before dehydrating them you can store them in a jar and then rehydrate at a later date and still cook them or consuming also some people really enjoy pickling sue Ellis mushrooms that's another thing that you can do with Sue Ellis mushrooms as well as a siddhis the sour caps willis mushroom it's a lot of it around here growing in association with this eastern white pine tree let's see if there are any more Sulis mushrooms growing in this pine plantation ok so I have another sue Ellis mushroom to show you I moved a little away from that particular area you could see that it looks a little different the whole forest floor now is just covered with pine needles but all of these trees here almost without exception are eastern white pine trees so there's a soilless mushroom in this area that grows exclusively in association with eastern white pine trees or at least I always find it growing in association with eastern white pine trees so which mushroom am I talking about well you kind of pull away some of this leaf litter some of this Moss right here you can see these little mushrooms just budding up so it's early November and there's still fresh mycorrhizal mushrooms popping up because the temperature is still mild the ground hasn't frozen yet and we're still receiving some rainfalls there's one two three four five I don't know if this is a shot but there's one back here there's a couple more scattered throughout here and I'm holding one right here and again sue Ellis mushroom you can see how slimy and sticky this is you can see the pine debris stuck to the cap of this mushroom so which sue Ellis mushroom is this well this is the appropriately titled dotted stock sue Ellis and it's not easy to put a species name to it most people call this Tooele scran you lattice you read many field guides that contains Sulis mushrooms most people are going to call this sue Willis granule oddest but that might be strictly a European name there's a strong push in the past couple of years to call this something else which is sue Ellis Weaver array and it seems that sue else Weber a might be the North American version of sue is granule oddest but the jury's still out nobody really knows exactly what to call this but most people these days that they want to be accurate will call this part of the sue Ellis granule oddest group or sue Ellis weave array so this mushroom has a cap cuticle that's very slimy and sticky so before eating it you might want to remove it it's a medium shade of brown when you look at the underside you you know the poor service is light-yellow at first it darkens with age the key feature for this mushroom is that there's no partial veil at least in this soilless granule oddest mushroom that I find I'm putting granule Otteson quotes might be we beret but I never find a partial veil in association with this particular species but what I do see are little dots near the apex of the stock it's almost always at the apex of the stock sometimes it goes a little farther down than that that's why they call this mushroom the dotted stock sue Ellis now one more thing I want to mention about sue Ellis mushrooms is that you definitely want to look for the younger fresher specimens for at least two reasons as these mushrooms age they tend to get buggy at least in the summer months maybe not necessarily in the autumn months because it's getting colder there's not as many insects out as there would be during the summer months also they tend to decompose and so this is a nice young specimen right here all these ones right here are perfect for harvesting this one right here pulls up really easily out of the soil you can see not really damaged in any way but here's an older one right here now look at some of this rotten tissue right here you might get sick consuming a lot of this the pores have opened up it's way more angular compared to this younger specimen right here so I would leave these older ones behind because you could get sick harvesting these ones and eating these ones but these ones are perfect for the table so that applies to pretty much any wild mushroom that you find I tend to look for the younger fresher specimens of course there are exceptions but specifically with sue illest mushrooms so you don't get sick consuming them just look for the youngest specimens the ones that are intact to a very very large degree so sue Ellis granule oddest this mushroom just doesn't grow this time of year in the autumn months I found this as early as late May many years ago and it tends to grow throughout the summer months this one grows summer through fall but there is a resurgence again in the fall months whenever you start to get rains before the ground freezes it's Willa's granule oddest or sue ellis weaver a depending on whatever you want to call it the dotted stock sue Ellis [Music] okay so we found quite a few of these wild slimy and sticky edible mushrooms in the zoo Ellis genus we found the slippery jack so Ellis luteus we found the sour cap so Ellis which is sue Ellis a siddhis and we found the dotted stock sue Ellis which is a member of the swellest granule oddest group here in North America we can tentatively call it's Willis Weaver a I'm sure if I looked around a little harder I probably could have found a few more species I'm happy with the ones that I did fine if you're interested in finding swellest mushrooms encourage you to get out looking Kahn for rich woods this time of year autumn months that you can technically find swellest mushrooms even during the summer months so long as there's adequate rainfall thanks so much for watching this video I truly appreciate it if you enjoyed it and you're not subscribed to learn your line YouTube channel feel free to do that you could also head on over to learn your landcom sign up for the email newsletter so we could stay in touch you can also follow me on social media at learn your land on Facebook and Instagram thanks again see you in the next video [Music] you [Music]

Channel: Learn Your Land

Views: 63,060

Keywords: Adam Haritan, Learn Your Land, Mushrooms, Mushroom, Fungi, Fungus, Foraging, Wild Edibles, Medicinal Mushrooms, Medicinal Plants, Herbalism, Hunting, Nature, Outdoors, Survival, Prepping, Permaculture, Gardening, Botany, Plants, Mycology, Trees, Pennsylvania

Id: t5-2GePfSHo

Length: 18min 31sec (1111 seconds)

Published: Tue Nov 12 2019