Science Max | FULL EPISODE | States Of Matter | Season 1

have you ever done a science experiment and wondered what it'd be like if you did it big i have [Music] my name is phil and i take your everyday science experiments and do them big this is science max experiments at art science facts this episode of science max is a messy one we're looking at solids liquids and gases and things in between like cornstarch mud today on science max experiments at large we hold the power of states of matter creating science maximize i'm phil mccordick i think i overdid it with the fog machine this is science max experiments at large can you even see me let's let's go over here today we're talking about states of matter now there are three main states of matter solid like this table liquid like the water in the speaker and gas yes thank you and we're also going to be looking at the things that kind of go in between things that are sometimes solid sometimes liquid like cornstarch mud which is very easy to make all you need is water and corn starch which you can get at the grocery store mix it up however much you want just remember two parts corn starch to one part water twice as much of this than you have of that very easy mix it up and you get cornstarch mud which sort of seems like a liquid unless you hit it and then it becomes solid but if i pour it it's a liquid even if i hold it in my hand and i hit it really fast it turns into a ball and it will stay in a ball as long as i keep hitting it or squeezing it but soon as i stop it turns into a liquid again now we're gonna max this out we'll go through the portal and learn more about solids liquids and gases yeah right that's why i'm going to the center for skills development and training oh no wait that's the code for the fog machine wait uh stop stop it seems to be stuck oh never mind never mind i'll fix it later uh right hey judy how are you phil how are you good judy is going for her phd in chemistry right yes fantastic because that means you can explain cornstarch mud to me now is this a solid or is it a liquid well it kind of has properties of both it's called a non-newtonian fluid so that makes it a liquid a liquid well i mean it pours like a liquid but when you hit it it's a solid so why does it turn solid when you hit it so when you're pouring it the particles are still far apart so they can't interact with each other and so they stay liquid but when you're hitting it you're jamming the particles together and they line up to become a solid now does it still work the same way if we have a lot more of it uh it should great because i've got this 20 kilogram bag of cornstarch and i have 34 more of them wow that's a lot uh but i think you'll need a much bigger container much bigger container great um i got some wood over there i want you to go and i'll follow you all right i'll follow you yeah thanks ramona and give me one of them fizzy drinks not too fizzy just sort of medium fizzy thanks a lot hello do you have trouble knowing what is this solid liquid or gas are you confused by jello i mean which is it is it a solid or is it a liquid water is a liquid but what about when it's ice well you've got to know your states of matter there are three main states of matter solid liquid and gas and there are three rules that you need to figure out which one of them is which does it flow does it fit the shape of its container and can you squeeze it rule number one does it flow solid liquid gas here's a guess does it flow do the particles pour over each other and cascade down yeah yeah they do does the liquid flow yeah yeah it does does it solid nope rule number two what happens when you put it in a container does it take the shape of the container gases take the shape of the container liquids takes the shape of the container solids do not take the shape of that container i know what you're thinking you're thinking i get the whole pouring and taking the shape of the container but come on liquids and gases they do both of those things well it all comes down to rule number three can you squeeze it now solids you can't you can't really squeeze them liquids you can't really squeeze them gas is ha ha bam you can squeeze them you see gases compress liquids and solids they don't really compress very well the other difference between gases and liquids is gases will take the shape and the volume of the container they're put in liquids don't do that so there you go solid liquid gas and the rules does it flow does it take the shape of the container and can you squeeze it now you know your states of matter that'll be 6.50 cash only so what is cornstarch mud and how does it work well cornstarch mud is a non-newtonian fluid which means it behaves differently than you or newton would expect here's cornstarch and here's water corn starch is made up of large blocky molecules like this water is made up of much smaller rounder molecules like this when you put them together it looks something like this it all has to do with how the molecules slide past each other when you put light pressure or slow pressure on the mud the water molecules and cornstarch molecules have time to shift out of the way but when you put a sudden pressure on it the water molecules squirt out of the way but the cornstarch molecules don't have enough time so you get a section that's nearly all cornstarch which acts as a solid cornstarch mud is a sheer thickening fluid shear is talking about the force of things sliding around in this case the molecules so when the sheer force is strong the fluid thickens sheer thickening so here's the plan if judy and i make enough cornstarch mud could we run across it let's find out yeah i think mine is just the right consistency how's yours judy i think i'm ready too this is much harder than i thought yeah it's really hard to get it mixed at the very beginning but uh mine is ready to go okay here we go first batch you ready yup dump it [Music] in hmm i thought that would be more i thought so too it's really not filling this up very much is it no huh that's a lot of cornstarch this is um this is great but i think we're gonna have to go a little faster than this i think we need some sort of mixing device yeah i mean we don't have to do this by hand we can get some sort of machine to help us yeah right on high five oh we shouldn't high five when we have stuff on our hands no yeah good call [Music] this science is delicious this is rock candy it's basically crystallized sugar and you make it by turning a solid into a liquid and then back to a solid again here's how you can make it at home [Applause] you need a container that you're not going to need for a while and some water some sugar you can use brown or white i like to use brown and an adult here's why you need an adult you want to dissolve three cups of sugar into every cup of water and you can't do that unless you heat the water so get an adult a saucepan and heat the water up pour the sugar in and keep stirring until it's all dissolved then pour it in your container and let it cool down then you'll need a shish kebab skewer which is something you can get at the grocery store cut it down to the right size so it fits nicely into your container and then dunk it in your sugar and get some crystals coated around the stick these are seed crystals and they get the whole process started now you have to wait for these to dry otherwise they'll just fall off the stick when you put it in the water so i've got one here that has dried out you'll also want something to keep it from falling in the top of the container so i'm going to use a clothespin put it in there and dunk it in the container like that and now for the final step if you want you can add food coloring i like to use red because it reminds me of science and i'm gonna use the stick to actually stir that up a little bit there we go now the dissolved sugar crystals in the water will slowly grow on the crystals that are already attached to the stick and it will eventually grow into a rock candy pop but it takes about a week no i'm just kidding i've already got one that's standing by here we go this one has been growing for about seven days and there you go rock candy delicious science now how can we make this any better i mean it's crystallized sugar it doesn't get any more maxed out than that does it yeah it does come on this is a giant container of sugar water and i've been brewing a massive rock candy crystal in it for a while but it's sort of it's sort of you're getting a little bit too big to fit out the top of the container so um you know what i'm just gonna put that back in there and chalk that one up to science because well eating a rock candy crystal that big will definitely not be good for my teeth so [Music] so our big experiment is to take a whole lot of cornstarch and fill a trough to see if we can run on it but mixing it by hand was going to take forever so judy and i got a drill with a mixing attachment on the end whoa sorry all right so judy i'm noticing a bit of a problem here what is it well if i mix at the top everything's fine but soon as i get it a little bit deeper and then it gets really tough and the whole bucket starts to spin and the drill stops yeah i think it's because it's joe's trying to mix it too fast when we're mixing it by hand it's slow and you can still let it stay a liquid but now you're just making a solid right because it's a sheer thickening fluid so if you hit it really quickly with something like the blades of this spinning really quickly in the thing it'll suddenly turn into a solid and it'll be really hard to mix yup so we go slow going slow going slow suddenly realizing that if we go slow we'll be here forever yep you know what i think we need sorry you know what i think we need we need a different way to mix this yep we need a way to mix more of it and we need a way that it doesn't hit it with blades that suddenly go through it really quickly something that can mix on a large scale but slowly i have just the thing come with me all right [Music] the interesting thing about bubbles is they're a gas surrounded by a liquid so get some dish soap and some water and then be science maximites and find things around the house that you can make bubbles out of just about anything that has holes will do or [Music] or i like this one i call it the loud bubble [Music] or now it's time to max it out i'm here at the ontario science center and this is anthony hey anthony hey how's it going good so you are amazing at bubbles uh i am i've been practicing for a while let's get started we're going to make an okie dokie sign like this uh-huh we're going to dip it right into our bubble solution come on get right in there right in there make sure you get it all okay that's that's a little too much well i can make two and then you're going to keep that okie doke sign you're going to blow very gently nice i brought these two giant sticks here and i don't know if you noticed but i've got a smoke machine here right so we'll turn that on and then if you press that green button there you're gonna shoot some smoke and we're gonna try to catch that smoke in a giant bubble you ready and i'm gonna try to oh that was so close if you see that one you give it a shot nice oh amazing that was huge hide again let's see if i can get the smoke machine here we go go for it go for it push right towards oh check that out you did it look at that smoke and ground is on the floor because the floor it doesn't have any oils like our hands do isn't that amazing that was so cool that was great you know what i think we should do what's that giant bubble tons of smoke done okay here we go let's do it you ready giant bubble tons of smoke go oh so much look at that amazing look at that that's crazy maxed out bubbles well there you go giant smoke-filled bubbles awesome yeah judy and i tried mixing the cornstarch mud using a drill with a mixer attachment but it didn't work we should have known better here's the mixer in our cornstarch mud usually a mixer works by going really fast and mixing everything together but remember that cornstarch mud is a sheer thickening fluid so when the blades of the mixer tried to go fast through the cornstarch mud it did what it always does turn solid the faster and harder you try to move it the more solid it will become this means the only way to mix it would be if we made the drill go very very slow which wouldn't speed things up at all so with the drill another lost cause judy and i need the biggest thing around that could mix stuff up little bit more perfect a cement truck a cement truck is a perfect thing to mix because all we have to do is get all the cornstarch up in here and it'll mix it and it doesn't move it too fast it goes nice and slow so hopefully a sheer thickening fluid will be fine i'm gonna get judy she's driving the truck hey judy that's perfect the only problem is we needed to get all of those bags of cornstarch into the hopper of the cement truck i didn't think it would be this messy we needed to call the entire science max build team to help us out this is possibly the messiest thing i've ever done awesome hey judy you want to you want to lift up any bags oh okay thanks that's okay i'm having a lot of fun so i can do them cool oh no oh no oh no i got most of it i got most of it all right i think we're done i think that's enough bags let's start the mixing so what do you think judy do you think it's gonna work i think so because you're mixing at a very large volume but at a very low speed yep so through the process it'll stay a liquid until we're ready to run across it that sounds exactly like the kind of science i like to see you know what i really like is that every time i move more cornstarch comes off it's like it's like i'm a human fog machine [Music] this is liquid nitrogen nitrogen makes up most of the air we breathe but if you get it really really cold it turns into a liquid the fun thing is you can use it to make other things really really cold too like this banana i have frozen this banana solid thanks to the liquid nitrogen and normally a mushy banana would not be able to hammer in a nail but whoa because it's frozen i can hammer this nail into this block of wood so that got me wondering if i can turn a banana into a hammer using liquid nitrogen could i turn a pumpkin into a sledgehammer let's find out pumpkin sledgehammer take one no i i think the answer is no you cannot turn a pumpkin into a sledgehammer with liquid nitrogen all you can do is make a really really big mess i'm gonna have to clean this up aren't i now we have a cement truck to help us do the mixing for our cornstarch mud after making a giant mess getting the cornstarch into the cement truck it's time to see if it worked hey phil how's it going yeah it looks like it's mixing pretty well i'm really glad we are not doing this by hand guys it didn't take did it take a really long time we've almost got it at the right consistency but it's taken some time but it's getting a little dark out judy i don't know do you want to quit and go home no course not that's not what we do in science oh here we go yeah awesome all right let's see it let's see if it's i like how it comes down to little steps and look it's still it's working just like it should i hit it and it's solid but you can see it's pouring like a liquid ah here comes a big wave well here it comes wow and it's totally filling up oh yeah it's going up really fast i think we should stop pouring very soon yep we may not have a big enough fall yep liking it it's good yeah i think it's time it's not even done pouring but i'm gonna try it okay you ready [Music] can't you have to get back onto the sides before you stop moving or else if it becomes a liquid all right it's your turn okay here go okay ready okay you gotta hit your feet really fast all right here you go because cornstarch mud is a sheer thickening fluid it means it stays a liquid until you hit it suddenly like with your hands or in this case our feet and then it turns to a solid so as long as judy and i keep slapping our feet down with enough force we can walk on top of it one more dance all right and tell you what we'll do one more dance all right let's do that okay ready all right go all right all right there you go we've done it solid liquid gases thanks very much for joining us on sciencemax experiments at large hey judy catch i have to be careful because the banana will shatter if i'm not careful i think it's stuck on the bottom i call this one the loud bubble oh well uh i call this one the loud bubble [Music] you

Channel: Science Max - 9 Story

Views: 4,029,720

Keywords: Science Max, Experiments, Science, Awesome, Awesome experiments, Home experiments, educational, tvo, science max experiments at large, science experiments, states of matter, science max full episodes, full episodes, season 1, science max season 1

Id: yvPWZKU0C9U

Length: 22min 3sec (1323 seconds)

Published: Tue Mar 01 2022