Reduced Adjective Clause Examples | An English Grammar Lesson

hey everyone so adjective classes are really exciting and fun to learn about but reducing them is even more exciting reducing an adjective clause makes you sound more fluent more confident and it makes you speak your idea and write your idea much quicker okay so i highly recommend that you use these strategies when you're talking and when you're writing if you want to review what an adjective clause is we have two videos on those you can watch them uh adjective clauses with subject pronouns and adjective clauses with object pronouns this video will show you how to make them shorter okay so let me write some examples okay here's one uh we want to say uh the woman that that is learning english lives yeah lives near me for example okay well where's the adjective clause in this sentence the adjective clause is the clause right the subject and verb inside of a clause well it has a subject and verb and it's acting like an adjective it's describing a noun so where is that right here okay all of this okay is describing the woman what kind of woman the woman that's learning english that's the kind of woman that's an adjective clause adjective clauses remember usually start with the words that who whom whose okay which when where okay uh the woman that is learning english lives near me let's reduce this let's make it shorter i would not say this sentence i would say the woman the woman uh learning english lives next to me okay so how did i reduce that first you look to see if it is a an adjective clause that has the relative pronoun the pronoun as the subject or as the object in this case this is the subject of this clause so when it is the subject and an easy trick to tell if it's the subject is look after it is there a verb after it yeah that's a verb that means that's the subject okay subject verb so if there is a subject in the uh adjective clause and that is the pronoun of that adjective clause you can take it out okay also look here when you see the be verb this is the b verb you can take it out so now we have the woman learning english lives near me this is a reduced adjective clause okay let's look at some more examples here's another example the story which is available online is good okay all right so the adjective clause is here this is the part that's describing the story what kind of story the one which is available online that one okay so again do we have the subject pronoun the pronoun the relative clause pronoun is that the subject of the object let's see look after it is a verb so before it is the subject yes this is the subject we can take this out okay and do you have the b verb here yes we do you can take that out too now i can say the story available online is good that works the story available online is good that's it okay let's look at another example okay here's another example let's look at this one my friend whose dog bites people moved where's the adjective clause the adjective clause is here always starts with a relative clause pronoun right who that who's which right who's my friend whose dog bites people moved my friend moved okay can i reduce this one no you can't reduce this one why when you see the word hooth never reduce never can't reduce it okay so here's another example of one that we can reduce uh the video that talks about adjectives helped me a lot um where's the adjective clause remember we're looking for the relative pronoun that which who who's when where okay the video that talks about adjectives helped me a lot let's reduce this first off look at the relative pronoun is that the subject of the object there's the verb therefore this is the subject when it is the subject you can take it out but you cannot just leave it like this you have to look to see if there is a be verb is there a b verb here no in that case do not leave it like that now you have to change this verb to have an ing ending the video talking about adjectives helped me a lot this is okay this is how you can reduce an adjective clause that has the subject as the pronoun and no be verb okay here's another example of one that has uh is similar to the example we just saw uh here is another one the students who sit in the class are active okay um well first let's see do we have an adjective clause yes we do there it is now look at the pronoun is that the subject or the object look at this is that a verb yes it is therefore this is the subject and when it is the subject you can take it out but you must must must change the verb first is the verb a beaver no it's not so now we have to change this verb by adding ing right so the students sitting in the class are active perfect this is a beautiful reduced adjective clause don't forget you take out that pronoun if it's the subject but you must must must must change this verb to ing unless there's a be verb in it and then you just remove the b verb okay we talked a lot about reducing adjective clauses that have um a relative pronoun as the subject the subject relative pronoun now let's talk about reducing adjective clauses that have an object relative pronoun those ones are actually much more exciting and fun let's find the adjective clause the video that i found online which video the video that i found online that one there's the adjective clause look at the pronoun is it the subject pronoun how do we do that look after it is there a verb nope there's actually a subject after this one so therefore this is the subject this is the verb this is the object and if you want to learn more about how to identify that please watch our video on adjective clauses with object pronouns okay um but we can identify this is the subject right of the adjective clause here's the verb so this thing is the object okay this is the object so when you have the relative pronoun in the adjective clause as the object it's beautiful boom boom just take it out just take it out the video i found online helped me a lot there you go okay there's actually a way to do this from very very formal to less formal okay so i'll show you with the next example here we have an example of another adjective clause that has an object pronoun let's find it the question that you asked okay here's the adjective clause look at the pronoun is that the subject no here's the subject and here's the verb so therefore this is the object okay now remember the rule is if it's the object uh pronoun just throw it out but i want to show you how to make this um go from very formal to less formal okay so if you want to be very formal remember for a question we can use the word that or which those are the words that describe things like questions so let me put the word witch here instead this is the most formal okay the question which you asked was hard to answer now i can reduce that and make it less formal by doing this and switching this pronoun to the word that so the question that you asked was hard to answer that's actually a reduction and it makes it a little bit less formal we can make it even less formal by putting nothing that means removing that pronoun completely and just saying the question you asked was hard to answer that's totally and completely fine especially when you're talking okay so it goes from more formal to less formal let's look at that with prepositions actually let's look at that let's look at that with a person first here is another example of a adjective clause that we want to reduce that has an object as the pronoun the tutor whom i called on the phone is on campus okay so look at the pronoun here is it the subject or is it the object well this is actually the subject and this is the verb so technically and therefore that's the object okay now whom is a very formal word i have never used that word talking ever okay but in writing it makes you sound uh in control of what you're you're doing so okay for writing um the tutor whom i called is on campus now we can reduce this by making it less formal so i can say the tutor who i called who i called is on campus that makes it less formal that's fine or i can say the tutor that i called is on campus the tutor that i called is on campus because we can use the word that for people um i could even just completely take out that pronoun all together and say the tutor i called is on campus the tutor i called is on campus i'm waiting for her right take it out completely okay but that's only possible when that pronoun of the adjective clause is the object okay if it's the subject remember you have to make sure the verb after it has ing or if it's a v verb just take it out okay now let's look at one more exciting reduction of adjective clauses that involves your favorite thing in the world prepositions i'm just kidding right prepositions are the worst here we go this is a lot okay but it's really cool to learn this i think the tutor whom i work with is very nice now this is so so so so so formal i do not talk like this i do not know anyone who talks like this okay um but you can write like this it's great to write like this in an academic setting okay so the tutor whom i work with is very nice here's the adjective clauses describing the tutor okay here's the pronoun okay and it is the object pronoun how do we know that because this right here is the subject and here's the verb okay so this is the object all right now the tutor whom i work with look at that there's a preposition that goes along with this clause it's part of it okay now one way to make this ultra formal is when we have this preposition we actually will move it to make it more formal so i can say the tutor with whom i work okay so now what i've done is i've moved this preposition all the way to the front of the adjective clause now i sound uber uber uber super super formal the tutor with whom i work is very nice so to tone that down i would say the tutor whom i work with is very nice but that's still very formal both of these ways are completely fine preposition can go with the object or on the end of the clause now let's make that less formal the tutor who i work with is very nice or the tutor that i work with is very nice or the tutor no pronoun i work with is very nice the tutor i work with is very nice so here is a nice breakdown of how to reduce an adjective clause that has the preposition which by the way many many adjective clauses with objects as the pronoun have prepositions in them okay so when you're writing in academic setting you want to sound more formal go ahead and move the preposition before the pronoun but if you are talking and you want to sound less formal uh take out the pronoun completely and leave the preposition at the end i don't care what anybody says that that's not grammatical or whatever this is how we talk okay and there's nothing wrong with that structure um okay uh so that's it there's plenty of examples of this online you can find but i hope that helps and thank you for watching this long video bye-bye did you ever know that adjective clauses can be so much fun i did

Channel: Breaking English

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Keywords: english grammar, language, grammar, language practice, american english, english lesson, english teacher, online classes, esl school, learn english, learn english grammar, english conversation, basic english grammar, study english, learn grammar, english classes, conversation skills, english questions, ESL Class, advanced english grammar, esl teacher, esl student, English grammar for beginners

Id: KlhdocPdiRU

Length: 16min 47sec (1007 seconds)

Published: Tue Aug 18 2020